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Ancylostoma ceylanicum and other zoonotic canine hookworms:neglected public and animal health risks in the Asia-Pacific region

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animal Diseases 2024年第1期4卷 59-74页

作者： Jan Clyden B.Tenorio lan Kim B.Tabios Tawin Inpankaew Adrian P.Ybanez Saruda Tiwananthagorn Sirikachorn Tangkawattana Sutas Suttiprapa Tropical medicine Graduate Program Faculty of MedicineKhon Kaen UniversityKhon Kaen 40002Thailand department of Tropical medicine Faculty of MedicineKhon Kaen UniversityKhon Kaen 40002Thailand WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis(Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease) Tropical Disease Research CenterKhon Kaen UniversityKhon Kaen 40002Thailand department of veterinary Paraclinical Sciences College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Southern MindanaoKabacan9407 CotabatoPhilippines Institute of Biology College of ScienceUniversity of the Philippines DilimanManila 1101Philippines department of Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineKasetsart UniversityBangkok 10900Thailand College of veterinary medicine at Barili Campus and Center for Vector-Borne and Protozoan Diseases at Main Campus Cebu Technological UniversityCebu City 6000Philippines department of veterinary Biosciences and Public Health Faculty of Veterinary MedicineChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50100Thailand Research Center for veterinary Biosciences and veterinary Public Health Chiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50100Thailand Faculty of veterinary medicine Khon Kaen University.Khon Kaen 40002Thailand

Zoonotic hookworm infections remain a significant public health problem,causing nearly 500 milion cases globally and approximately four million disability-adjusted life years lost annually.More than one-fth of these cases are attrib-uted to Ancylostoma ceylanicum,an emerging zoonotic health issue in the Asia-Pacific region.This review presents key research gaps regarding the epidemiology,diagnosis,control,prevention and elimination of A.ceylanicum and other canine zoonotic hookworms as neglected health threats.A.ceylanicum is the second most prevalent human hook-worm in the region;it is the most common hookworm among dogs and cats-reservoirs of zoonotic infections.Previous population genetic and phylogenetic analyses revealed that A.ceylanicum has three possible transmis-sion dynamics:zoonotic,animal-only,and human-only pathways.The actual burden of zoonotic ancylostomiasis in most endemic countries remains unknown due to the use of parasitological techniques(e.g.,Kato-Katz thick smear and floatation techniques)that have reduced diagnostic performance and do not allow accurate species identifica-tion in helminth surveys.The emergence of benzimidazole resistance in soil-transmitted helminths(STHs),includ-ing hookworms,is a concern due to the protracted implementation of mass drug administration(MDA).Resistance is conferred by single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)that occur in theβ-tubulin isotype 1 gene.These mutations have been reported in drug-resistant A.caninum but have not been found in A.ceylanicum in the field.A.ceylanicum remains understudied in the Asia-Pacific region.The zoonotic nature of the parasite warrants investigation of its occur-rence in human and animal reservoir hosts to understand the dynamics of zoonotic transmission in different endemic foci.The detection of benzimidazole resistance-associated SNPs in zoonotic hookworms from Asia-Pacific countries has yet to be thoroughly explored.Considering the high level of hookworm endemicity in the region,the circulation of resistant isolates between h

关键词： Soil-transmitted helminths Neglected tropical diseases Mass drug administration Deworming veterinary public health

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Importance of dietary supplementation of soluble and insoluble fibers to sows subjected to high ambient temperatures during late gestation and effects on lactation performance

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animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 73-83页

作者： Seung Min Oh Abdolreza Hosseindoust Sang Hun Ha Jun Young Mun Joseph Moturi Habeeb Tajudeen Yo Han Choi Su Hyup Lee Jin Soo Kim Gyeongbuk Livestock Research Institute department of animal Industry Convergence Kangwon National University Swine Division National Institute of Animal Science Rural Development Administration department of Swine Science Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries

Heat stress adversely affects sows' performance, which can be improved by applying proper nutritional strategies. This study was conducted to investigate the interactive effects of dietary fiber levels and sources on sows' reproductive performance, metabolic response during gestation, and the carry-over influence on litter performance in the lactation period during heat stress(average room temperature of 27.1°C). Fifty-four multiparous sows(Landrace × Yorkshire; initial body weight of 236.3 ± 16 kg; 2, 3and 4 parities) at d 90 of gestation were assigned to a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement(9 sows/treatment),involving 2 dietary fiber levels(4.5% and 6% crude fiber) and 3 dietary fiber sources(wheat bran [WB],palm kernel meal [PK], and beet pulp [BP]). Sows fed the BP diet had highest(P production was increased in the WB and BP treatments compared with the PK. Sows in the BP treatment showed the lowest(P = 0.036) hair cortisol. The blood insulin concentration of sows was higher(P = 0.026) in the high fiber(6%) treatment compared with the low fiber(4.5%) treatment at 90 min and120 min after the meal. The concentration of phthalic acid, succinic acid, phenylethylamine, hydrocinnamic acid, iron, linoleic acid, glycerol, ketone, and formamide were increased(P < 0.05) in the BP treatment compared with the WB. The BP treatment with high soluble fiber content improved the constipation index, farrowing duration, and litter performance, while high insoluble fibers increased sows comfort and reduced stress factors including respiratory rate and rectal temperature. Therefore,both soluble and insolub

关键词： Soluble fiber Insoluble fiber Beet pulp Wheat bran Palm kernel Metabolites

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从H1N1血凝素序列提取的沙门氏菌传递的COBRA-HA1抗原对甲型流感亚型产生广谱保护作用

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Engineering 2024年第1期32卷 41-56页

作者： Ram Prasad Aganja Amal Senevirathne Chandran Sivasankar John Hwa Lee department of veterinary Public Health College of Veterinary MedicineJeonbuk National UniversityIksan 54596Republic of Korea department of Preventive medicine College of Veterinary MedicineChungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea

A universal vaccine is in high demand to address the uncertainties of antigenic drift and the reduced effectiveness of current influenza vaccines.In this study,a strategy called computationally optimized broadly reactive antigen(COBRA)was used to generate a consensus sequence of the hemagglutinin globular head portion(HA1)of influenza virus samples collected from 1918 to 2021 to trace evolutionary changes and incorporate them into the designed constructs.Constructs carrying different HA1regions were delivered into eukaryotic cells by Salmonella-mediated bactofection using a Semliki Forest virus RNA-dependent RNApolymerase(RdRp)-based eukaryotic expression system,pJHL204.Recombinant protein expression was confirmed by Western blot and immunofluorescence assays.Mice immunized with the designed constructs produced a humoral response,with a significant increase in immunoglobulin G(IgG)levels,and a cell-mediated immune response,including a 1.5-fold increase in CD4^(+) and CD8^(+)T cells.Specifically,constructs #1 and #5 increased the production of interferon-γ(IFN-γ)producing CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)T cells,skewing the response toward the T helper type 1 cell(Th1)pathway.Additionally,interleukin-4(IL-4)-producing T cells were upregulated 4-fold.Protective efficacy was demonstrated,with up to 4-fold higher production of neutralizing antibodies and a hemagglutination inhibition titer>40 against the selected viral strains.The designed constructs conferred a broadly protective immune response,resulting in a notable reduction in viral titer and minimal inflammation in the lungs of mice challenged with the influenza A/PR8/34,A/Brisbane/59/2007,A/California/07/2009,KBPV VR-92,and NCCP 43021 strains.This discovery revolutionizes influenza vaccine design and delivery;Salmonella-mediated COBRA-HA1 is a highly effective in vivo antigen presentation strategy.This approach can effectively combat seasonal H1N1 influenza strains and potential pandemic outbreaks.

关键词： COBRA Influenza A Salmonella Vaccine Broad spectral protection

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Seropositivity and Other Determinants Associated with Toxoplasmosis in Local Buffalo in Iraq

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Open Journal of veterinary medicine 2024年第1期14卷 1-9页

作者： Rafid Jawad Kazem Imad Kazem Ali department of animal production College of Agriculture Sumer University Al-Rifai Iraq

A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the Seropositivity of Toxoplasma gondii in water buffalo in three Iraqi governorates (Baghdad, Dhi Qar, and Maysan) and to estimate the risk aspects related to infestation throughout the period from January to December 2019. A total of 430 serum samples were inspected with a commercial ELISA (Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) kit. Indirect multi-species kit. The overall Seropositivity of T. gondii in the examined local buffalo was 7.4%, and the highest rate (9.3%) was in Baghdad Governorate. A multivariate regression analysis revealed that adult buffalo (OR = 7.10;95% CI: 0.87-57.68;P = 0.067) and young herds (OR = 8.42;95% CI: 1.07-66.02;P = 0.043) were more subject to infestation from young buffalo and large herds. Furthermore, the hazard of toxoplasmosis was increased in winter especially among animals in contact with cats. It is therefore requisite to determine risk aspects to evaluate which mitigation, control, prevention and procedures should be carried out to diminish, control and prevent infestation with T. gondii and its propagation.

关键词： Toxoplasmosis Buffalo Local Seropositivity Iraq

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Mechanical sensor PDLIM5 promotes the osteogenesis of human adipose-derived stem cells through microfilament alterations

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 136-139页

作者： Yuchao Yang Shutong Wu Rongmei Qu Congrong Wang Jinyang Wang Asmat Ullah Khan You Pan Wenqing Liu Jinhui Zhu Muhammad Akram Khan Chujiang Xu Jingxing Dai Jun Ouyang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics&National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy Schoolof BasicMedical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515China department of Laboratory medicine Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515China department of Pathology Guangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdong 510080China department of Breast Surgery Guangxi Medical University Cancer HospitalNanningGuangxi 530000China department of veterinary Pathology Faculty of Veterinary and Animal SciencesPMAS Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindi 46300Pakistan department of Orthopedics TCM-Integrated HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510000China

Bone regeneration is a multifaceted,abstract,and wellcoordinated physiological progression of bone formation that participates in continuous regeneration and remodeling throughout life.However,when it comes to complex clinical situations requiring extensive bone regeneration,such as massive bone defects caused by injuries,infection,or tumor removal,traditional methods do not often yield good treatment strategies or protocols due to their limitations.

关键词： alterations injuries massive

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Classical bovine spongiform encephalopathy and chronic wasting disease:two sides of the prion coin

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animal Diseases 2024年第1期4卷 1-18页

作者： Nicholas J.Haley Juergen A.Richt department of Microbiology and Immunology College of Graduate StudiesMidwestern UniversityGlendaleAZUSA department of Diagnostic medicine/Pathobiology College of Veterinary MedicineKansas State UniversityManhattanKSUSA

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies(TSEs)are a group of progressive and ultimately fatal neurologic diseases of man and animals,all resulting from the propagated misfolding of the host's normal cellular prion protein.These diseases can be spontaneous,heritable,anthropogenic/iatrogenic,or in some cases horizontally transmissible,and include such notable TSEs as bovine spongiform encephalopathy(BSE)of cattle and chronic wasting disease(CWD)of cervids.Although they are both unequivocally protein misfolding disorders,they differ markedly in their pathogenesis,transmissibility,and zoonotic potential.While the BSE epidemic has largely abated over the past three decades following global feed bans on ruminant meat and bone meal,CWD,which is readily transmitted through various forms of excreta,has rapidly expanded from its original endemic zone to encompass much of North America,along with recently identified foci in Scandinavia.Most importantly,although the classical form of BSE has proven transmissible to humans consuming contaminated beef or beef products,so far there have been no conclusive reports on the zoonotic transmission of cWD to humans.The underlying basis for these differences-whether host or agent directed-are not well understood,though may be due to inherent differences in the three-dimensional structure of the misfolded BSE or CWD prion proteins or the expression levels and tissue distribution of respective cellular prion proteins.With the uncontrolled geographic spread of CWD,it is imperative that we improve our understanding of the factors governing prion disease pathogenesis,transmission,and zoonotic potential.

关键词： Prion Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Chronic Wasting Disease Transmission Pathogenesis Zoonosis

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Surface Modification Aspects for Improving Biomedical Properties in Implants:A Review

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第2期37卷 213-241页

作者： J.Sharath Kumar Rakesh Kumar Rajeev Verma Industrial and production department Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology JalandharJalandharPunjab144008India

The primary focus during surgery is to ensure successful implantation by achieving long-term and stable fixation of implants.Orthopaedic surgery is now more focused on the development of novel biomaterials intended to improve implant performance.To obtain a better understanding of metal implants,this article investigated the causes of material failures in certain cases and analysed a few case studies.The interaction between the implant and bone tissue was a crucial aspect of successful implantation,and this study explored the factors influencing this interaction as well as ways to improve it.Several modern approaches used for modifying implant surfaces were systematically illustrated and briefly analysed.Thermal spray coatings were often favoured because of their wide range of coating materials,but other substantial surface modifications(such as friction stir processing and laser surface texturing)were also used for a selection of applications.Notably,implant surfaces with desirable features,such as biocompatibility,antibacterial properties,corrosion resistance,and wear resistance,were essential for optimising implant functionality.This systematic review's main aim is to provide exhaustive reference information and a broad overview to advance the production and design of orthopaedic implants.

关键词： Biomaterials Surface treatments Thermal spray coatings Antibacterial Biocompatibility Corrosion resistance Wear resistance

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Sero-Prevalence and Risk factors of Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) in Afgoye District Lower Shabelle Region, Somalia

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Open Journal of veterinary medicine 2024年第2期14卷 11-20页

作者： Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed Sumaya Hassan Ali Abdisalam Mohamed Ali Abdirazack Saleban Osman Binti Abubakar Mohamed Abdifatah Mohamud Ibar Shafii Abdullahi Mohamed Mohamed Abdelrahman Mohamed Ahmed Ali Omar Zakaria Ibrahim Issack College of veterinary medicine Abrar University Mogadishu Somalia Faculty of veterinary medicine and animal Husbandry Somali National University Mogadishu Somalia Faculty of veterinary Science Benadir University Mogadishu Somalia

Contagious bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is an infectious and highly contagious respiratory disease of cattle and water buffalo, caused by the Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides. It induces significant economic losses and leads to a severe livestock production problem, negatively influencing people’s livelihoods of affected countries. In Somalia, there is no updated data on the prevalence and distribution of the disease. Hence, a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2022 to June 2023 in different villages under the Afgoye District of lower Shabelle region, Somalia. The main purpose of this study is to assess the sero-prevalence and identify the associated risk factors for the occurrence of the disease. In this study, villages, age, sex, breed, and body condition were considered as risk factors. A total of 90 blood samples were collected and tested in the laboratory using the Anti-CBPP Elisa kit test. Out of 90 serum samples from herd cattle, 32 were positive, resulting in an overall prevalence of 35.5%. In addition, we found a statistically significant variation between the prevalence of the disease and factors such as sex, age, body condition and breeds. In summary, the overall prevalence of Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in this study area is worth to be considered because there is a low quality of health care and less awareness of the Contagious bovine Pleuropneumonia effects on herds, which warrants the official authorities to act and follow appropriate preventive and control measures to reduce the incidence of the disease and generate appropriate controlling and prevention measures in all regions of Somalia.

关键词： Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia Sero-Prevalence Cattle Somalia Mycoplasma Cross Sectional Study

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Prevalence of Mastitis and Associated Risk Factors in Lactating Camels (Camelus Dromedarius) on Dairy Farms in Benadir Region, Somalia

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Open Journal of veterinary medicine 2024年第6期14卷 111-123页

作者： Shafii Abdullahi Mohamed Mahad Mohamud Abdi Abdiaziz Idiris Mohamud Yonis Abukar Mohamed Ahmed Ali Omar Abdirahman Barre Chandra Shaker Chouhan Md. Amimul Ehsan Faculty of veterinary Science Benadir University Mogadishu Somalia Faculty of veterinary medicine and animal Husbandry Somali National University Mogadishu Somalia Somali animal Welfare Society (SAWS) Mogadishu Somalia Camel Research Center Mogadishu Somalia department of medicine Faculty of Veterinary Science Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh Bangladesh

The study took a comprehensive approach to understanding mastitis in lactating camels, a disease that significantly impacts milk quantity and quality. This complex and multifactorial disease poses a significant challenge to dairy camel farming, particularly in Somalia. The studys objective was to determine the prevalence of mastitis and the risk factors associated with it among lactating camels on dairy farms in Benadir, Somalia. To achieve this, a cross-sectional study was conducted from May to September 2022 in the Benadir region of Somalia. A total of 96 lactating camels underwent examination using the California Mastitis Test (CMT) to identify clinical and subclinical mastitis cases. Additionally, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 20 farm employees/owners to gather information on hygiene practices, parity, lactation stage, tick infestation, and the presence of udder/teat lesions. Data regarding parity and lactation stage were obtained through owner interviews. The data collected on specifically designed forms were recorded and entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet for analysis using SPSS version 20 statistical software, ensuring a comprehensive and reliable analysis of the data. The studys findings revealed a significant prevalence of camel mastitis, with 34.4% (33/96) of lactating camels affected and clinical and subclinical cases constituting 5.2% and 29.2%, respectively. Quarter-level prevalence was 46.3%, with clinical and subclinical mastitis at 4.7% and 41.6%, respectively. The study also identified significant associations (P < 0.05) among risk factors such as stage of lactation, parity, and age, indicating a higher susceptibility to mastitis in older camels during early lactation compared to those in late lactation and younger camels. These findings underscore the crucial role of inadequate hygienic conditions on camel farms and udder tick infestations in driving the elevated prevalence of mastitis, highlighting the need for improved management practices in dairy farming in Benadir, Soma

关键词： Mastitis Camel Prevalence Risk Factors Somalia

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The neutrophil–osteogenic cell axis promotes bone destruction in periodontitis

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第1期16卷 154-162页

作者： Yutaro Ando Masayuki Tsukasaki Nam Cong-Nhat Huynh Shizao Zang Minglu Yan Ryunosuke Muro Kazutaka Nakamura Masatsugu Komagamine Noriko Komatsu Kazuo Okamoto Kenta Nakano Tadashi Okamura Akira Yamaguchi Kazuyuki Ishihara Hiroshi Takayanagi department of Immunology Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of MedicineThe University of Tokyo7-3-1HongoBunkyo-kuTokyoJapan department of Microbiology Tokyo Dental College2-1-14 Kanda-Misaki-choChiyoda-kuTokyoJapan Oral Health Science Center Tokyo Dental College2-9-18Kanda-Misaki-choChiyodakuTokyoJapan department of Osteoimmunology Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of MedicineThe University of Tokyo7-3-1HongoBunkyo-kuTokyoJapan Unit of Prosthodontics Laboratory of Oral-Maxillofacial Biology Faculty of Odonto-StomatologyUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh CityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Sensory and Motor System MedicineGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal MedicineKeio University School of MedicineTokyoJapan department of Laboratory animal medicine Research InstituteNational Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyoJapan

The immune-stromal cell interactions play a key role in health and diseases. In periodontitis, the most prevalent infectious disease in humans, immune cells accumulate in the oral mucosa and promote bone destruction by inducing receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) expression in osteogenic cells such as osteoblasts and periodontal ligament cells. However, the detailed mechanism underlying immune–bone cell interactions in periodontitis is not fully understood. Here, we performed single-cell RNAsequencing analysis on mouse periodontal lesions and showed that neutrophil–osteogenic cell crosstalk is involved in periodontitis-induced bone loss. The periodontal lesions displayed marked infiltration of neutrophils, and in silico analyses suggested that the neutrophils interacted with osteogenic cells through cytokine production. Among the cytokines expressed in the periodontal neutrophils, oncostatin M (OSM) potently induced RANKL expression in the primary osteoblasts, and deletion of the OSM receptor in osteogenic cells significantly ameliorated periodontitis-induced bone loss. Epigenomic data analyses identified the OSM-regulated RANKL enhancer region in osteogenic cells, and mice lacking this enhancer showed decreased periodontal bone loss while maintaining physiological bone metabolism. These findings shed light on the role of neutrophils in bone regulation during bacterial infection, highlighting the novel mechanism underlying osteoimmune crosstalk.

关键词： period neutrophil destruction

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