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Acute phase reactants, challenge in the near future of animal production and veterinary medicine

Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2005年第10期6卷 941-947页

作者： GRUYS E. TOUSSAINT M.J.M. UPRAGARIN N. VAN EDEREN A.M. ADEWUYI A.A. CANDIANI D. NGUYEN T.K.A. SABECKIENE (BALCIUTE) J. Lithuania) Italy Thailand University of Torino Vietnam Kasetsart University the National Institute of animal Husbandry Kaunas department of veterinary Morphophysiology the Netherlands department of Farm Resources and production medicine department of Infectious Diseases Faculty of veterinary medicine department of Embryo Transfer and Reproduction Hanoi Utrecht University Lithuanian veterinary Academy the Netherlands department of Pathobiology Nakhon Pathom

The future of acute phase proteins (APPs) in science is discussed in this paper. Many functions and associated pathological processes of APPs are unknown. Extrahepatic formation in local tissues needs attention. Local serum amyloid A (SAA) formation may be involved in deposition of AA-amyloid induced by conformational change of SAA resulting in amyloid formation, having tremendous food safety implications. Amyloidogenesis is enhanced in mouse fed beta pleated sheet-rich pro- teins. The local amyloid in joints of chicken and mammary corpora amylacea is discussed. Differences in glycosylation of glycoproteins among the APPs, as has been shown for α1-acid glycoprotein, have to be considered. More knowledge on the reactivity patterns may lead to implication of APPs in the diagnostics and staging of a disease. Calculation of an index from values of several acute phase variables increases the power of APPs in monitoring unhealthy individuals in animal populations. Vaccinations, just as infections in eliciting acute phase response seem to limit the profitability of vaccines because acute phase reactions are contraproductive in view of muscle anabolism. Interest is focused on amino acid patterns and vitamins in view of dietary nutrition effect on sick and convalescing animals. When inexpensive methodology such as liquid phase methods (nephelometry, turbidimetry) or protein array technology for rapid APPs measurement is available, APPs have a future in routine diagnostics. Specific groups of patients may be screened or populations monitored by using APPs.

关键词： Acute phase protein Amino acid Joint Mammary gland Mastitis Serum amyloid A (SAA) Vitamin A

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Endometritis associated with Enterococcus casseliflavus in a mare:A case report

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第8期7卷 760-762页

作者： Francesca Paola Nocera Chiara Papulino Chiara Del Prete Veronica Palumbo Maria Pia Pasolini Luisa De Martino Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production University of Naples'FedericoⅡ'NaplesItaly

Infectious endometritis is one of the main causes of subfertility/infertility in the mare. In this report, we present the first case of endometritis in mare associated with a strain of Enterococcus casseliflavus, an unusual gram-positive bacterium which can also be a zoonotic agent. Furthermore, the isolated strain showed a worrying multidrug-resistant profile. The accurate finding of a successful antimicrobial treatment and consequently,the pregnancy diagnosis indicate the importance to isolate, identify and define the antibiotic resistance profile of bacteria associated with endometritis.

关键词：子宫内膜炎肠球菌 casseliflavus 牝马 Subfertility

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A study of scientific publications on the greater cane rat (Thryonomys swinderianus, Temminck 1827)

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animal Models and Experimental medicine 2020年第1期3卷 40-46页

作者： Oluwaseun Ahmed Mustapha Ebunoluwa Elizabeth Teriba Oluwaseun Samuel Ezekiel Ayokunle Matthew Olude Adebayo Koyuum Akinloye James Olukayode Olopade department of veterinary Anatomy College of Veterinary MedicineFederal University of AgricultureAbeokutaNigeria department of veterinary Anatomy Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadanNigeria department of animal production and Health Federal University of Technology AkureAkureNigeria

Background:The greater cane rat(GCR),reputed to be African's second largest rodent,is a precocial hystricomorph with an uncommon phenotype and life history.Scientific and socio-economic interests in the GCR have led to heightened research efforts targeted towards a better understanding of its biology and exploration of its economic and translational usefulness.Methods:Records of all online scientific publications on the GCR from Google,Google Scholar,PubMed,science.gov,Ebscohost and Worldwide science,with the exception of research theses,proceedings,unpublished projects and abstracts,were collated and analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results:A total of 146 published scholarly articles spanning about six decades were retrieved,with 98%of the GCR publications originating from African countries.Nigeria boasts the highest number of publications(58.22%)followed by Ghana(21.23%)and South Africa(5.48%)while Senegal contributed the least(0.69%).Publications were sorted into ten field categories.The field with the highest number of articles(41.78%)was animal breeding and management recording,closely followed by anatomy(37.67%).Lesser contributions were made by parasitology(5.48%),biochemistry/hematology(4.8%),pharmacology/toxicology(4.11%),pathology(2.06%),and surgery/anesthesia and physiology(1.37%apiece).The fields with fewest contributions were microbiology and developmental biology(0.69%each).Conclusion:This study chronicles the spectrum of knowledge available on the GCR,highlighting the knowledge gap that still exists in various fields in order to provide advocacy for new frontiers in research efforts on this rodent.We suggest the need for a clearly defined and well integrated national/regional policy aimed at establishing Africa's foremost micro-livestock rodent,the greater cane rat,on the world's scientific radar.

关键词： African rodent grasscutter greater cane rat micro-livestock review wildlife

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Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids:Effects on reproductive and productive performance and meat quality in rabbit breeding

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animal Nutrition 2023年第3期14卷 70-78页

作者： Stella Agradi Majlind Sulce Laura Menchetti Daniele Vigo Marta Castrica Olimpia Barbato Egon Andoni Alda Quattrone Albana Munga Maria Laura Marongiu Giulio Curone Gabriele Brecchia department of veterinary medicine and animal Sciences University of MilanLodiItaly Faculty of veterinary medicine Agricultural University of TiranaTiranaAlbania School of Bioscience and veterinary medicine University of CamerinoCamerinoItaly department of veterinary medicine University of PerugiaPerugiaItaly department of veterinary medicine University of SassariSassariItaly

Rabbit breeding has many critical aspects related to reproduction,production,and animal welfare,which reduce its profitability as well as consumer attractiveness.Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA)seems to be a good nutritional strategy to improve several aspects of rabbit breeding,enhance animal welfare and produce a new functional food considered healthy for human consumption.For this reason,the main available scientific research regarding the physiological effects of n-3 PUFA rich products supplemented to the rabbit diet will be reviewed.In particular,consequences on the reproductive performances of both doe and buck,the productive parameters,and the meat quality will be analysed.

关键词： Omega 3 Nutraceutical Linseed Fish oil Algae

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Determining the IgG concentrations in bovine colostrum and calf sera with a novel enzymatic assay

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第1期10卷 239-247页

作者： M.Drikic C.Windeyer S.Olsen Y.Fu L.Doepel J.De Buck department production animal Health Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Calgary

Background: Immune protection in newborn calves relies on a combination of the timing,volume and quality of colostrum consumed by the calf after birth.Poor quality colostrum with inadequate immunoglobulin concentration contributes to failed transfer of passive immunity in calves,leading to higher calf morbidity and mortality.Therefore,estimating colostrum quality and ensuring the transfer of passive immunity on farm is of critical importance.Currently,there are no on-farm tools that directly measure immunoglobulin content in colostrum or serum.The aim of this study was to apply a novel molecular assay,split trehalase immunoglobulin G assay(STIGA),to directly estimate immunoglobulin content in dairy and beef colostrum and calf sera,and to examine its potential to be developed as on-farm test.The STIGA is based on a split version of trehalase TreA,an enzyme that converts trehalose into glucose,enabling the use of a common glucometer for signal detection.In a first study,60 dairy and64 beef colostrum and 83 dairy and 84 beef calf sera samples were tested with STIGA,and the resulting glucose production was measured and compared with radial immunodiffusion,the standard method for measuring immunoglobulin concentrations.Results: Pearson correlation coefficients between the methods were determined and the sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of the test were calculated for different colostrum quality and failed transfer of passive immunity cut-off points.The correlations of the STIGA measured by colorimetric enzymatic reaction compared to radial immunodiffusion for dairy and beef colostrum were 0.72 and 0.73,respectively,whereas the correlations for dairy and beef sera were 0.9 and 0.85,respectively.Next,STIGA was tested in a blinded study with fresh colostrum and serum samples where the correlation coefficient was 0.93 and 0.94,respectively.Furthermore,the performance of STIGA followed by glucometer readings resulted in correlations with radial immunodiffusion of 0.7 and 0.85 for dairy and beef colostrum and 0.94 and 0

关键词： Cattle Colostrum Immunoglobulins Passive immunity Radial immunodiffusion Split trehalase

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Conjunctival cytological examination,bacteriological culture,and antimicrobial resistance profiles of healthy Mediterranean buffaloes(Bubalus bubalis) from Southern Italy

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第11期5卷 889-895页

作者： Barbara Lamagna Maria Pia Pasolini Sandra Nizza Karina Mallardo Maurizio Formicola Alessandro Costagliola Gerardo Fatone Filomena Fiorito Orlando Paciello Luisa De Martino Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production University of Naples Federico II

Objective: To assess normal conjunctival cytological and bacteriological/fungal flora features in the Mediterranean buffalo(Bubalus bubalis).Methods: Swabs were taken from the inferior conjunctival sac of both eyes of 57 healthy female buffaloes aged 24–36 months, with no evidence of ocular disease, farmed in Campania region(Southern Italy), for microbiological analysis. Conjunctival eye specimens of both eyes were subsequently obtained by a cyto-brush, for cytological analysis.The antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates was also determined using the diskdiffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar plates.Results: Cytological examination of conjunctival swab specimens(114 eyes) revealed epithelial cells(basal, intermediate, columnar and super ficial) in all samples, whereas neutrophils, lymphocytes and plasma cells were present in 70%, 10% and 2% of samples,respectively. Microorganisms, for a total of 261 aerobic bacteria and 6 fungi, were isolated from 112/114 conjunctival samples [98.25%; 95% con fidence interval(CI): 93.18–99.70]. Only two conjunctival swabs did not yield bacteria and/or fungi(2/114, 1.75%;95% CI: 0.30–6.82). Gram-positive aerobes were most commonly cultured(181/261,69.35%; 95% CI: 63.31–74.81), with Enterococcus faecium and Staphylococcus lentus predominating. Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated as Gram-negative bacteria(80/261, 30.65%; 95% CI: 25.19–36.69). The antimicrobial resistance patterns of the isolated bacteria showed amoxycillin/clavulanic acid and cephalothin as the least sensitive antibiotics for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.Conclusions: These results provided first information on normal conjunctival ocular micro flora and cytological features in Mediterranean buffalo.

关键词： Mediterranean buffalo Conjunctival cytological exa

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An update on microbiological causes of canine otitis externa in Campania Region,Italy

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第5期6卷 384-389页

作者： Luisa De Martino Francesca Paola Nocera Karina Mallardo Sandra Nizza Eleonora Masturzo Filomena Fiorito Giuseppe Iovane Piergiorgio Catalanotti Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production University of Naples "Federico II" department of Experimental medicine Second University of Naples

Objective: To update the recent knowledge of the microbiological causes of canine otitis externa in Campania Region(Italy) and the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the isolated strains.Methods: A total of 122 dogs were examined by otoscopy, and auricular swab samples were collected from both ears in 74 dogs presenting clinical bilateral otitis and from single ears in 48 dogs displaying clinical unilateral otitis. Cytological examination,bacteriological analysis and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed.Results: Thirty-one out of 122 dogs were positive for yeast species(25.4%, 95% confidence interval(CI): 18.2%–34.2%) with a higher prevalence of Malassezia pachydermatis(21/31 isolates, 67.7%, CI: 48.5%–82.7%), and a total of 91 out of 122 dogs were positive for bacterial species(74.6%; CI: 65.8%–81.8%) with a higher prevalence of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius(45/143 isolates, 31.5%, CI: 24.1%–39.8%). These results are the first description of Streptococcus agalactiae-associated otitis. The yeasts isolated showed high levels of susceptibility to all antifungal agents tested; on the contrary all the isolated bacterial strains were highly resistant to at least four out of ten antimicrobial classes. Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria showed high resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanate and kanamycin hence they are not recommended as initial empirical therapy for the otitis treatment.Conclusions: This update illustrates an increase in antibiotic resistances providing an insight into the current knowledge of the therapeutic procedures followed on canine otitis externa in Italy. It also emphasizes the importance of considering the results of the microbiological and sensitivity tests to decide on an appropriate antibiotic therapy.

关键词： Canine otitis externa Malassezia pachydermatis Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Antimicrobial resistance

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Role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids,citrus pectin,and milk-derived exosomes on intestinal barrier integrity and immunity in animals

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第5期13卷 1240-1261页

作者： Tamil Selvi Sundaram Carlotta Giromini Raffaella Rebucci Juraj Pistl Mangesh Bhide Antonella Baldi department of veterinary Science for Health Animal Production and Food SafetyUniversity of MilanVia Trentacoste 220134 MilanItaly University of veterinary medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice Komenskeho 68/7304181 KosiceSlovakia

The gastrointestinal tract of livestock and poultry is prone to challenge by feedborne antigens,pathogens,and other stress factors in the farm environment.Excessive physiological inflammation and oxidative stress that arises firstly disrupts the intestinal epithelial barrier followed by other components of the gastrointestinal tract.In the present review,the interrelationship between intestinal barrier inflammation and oxidative stress that contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease was described.Further,the role of naturally existing immunomodulatory nutrients such as the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids,citrus pectin,and milk-derived exosomes in preventing intestinal barrier inflammation was discussed.Based on the existing evidence,the possible molecular mechanism of these bioactive nutrients in the intestinal barrier was outlined for application in animal diets.

关键词： Citrus pectin Immunomodulatory nutrients Inflammation Intestinal epithelial barrier Milk-derived exosomes Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids Oxidative stress

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Performances of local poultry breed fed black soldier fly larvae reared on horse manure

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animal Nutrition 2018年第1期4卷 73-78页

作者： Nassim Moula Marie-Louise Scippo Caroline Douny Guy Degand Edwin Dawans Jean-Francois Cabaraux Jean-Luc Hornick Rudy C.Medigo Pascal Leroy Frederic Francis Johann Detilleux Fundamental and Applied Research for animal&Health Animal Production DepartmentFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Liege Fundamental and Applied Research for animal&Health Food Science DepartmentFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Liege Functional and Evolutionary Entomology Gembloux Agro-Bio TechUniversity of Liege

In poultry,feed based on maggots,like larvae of black soldier fly(Hermetia illucens) is an attractive option to substitute current ingredients which are expensive and often in direct or indirect competition with human food.Little information is currently available on the utility of these larvae in poultry feed,so goals of this study were to determine whether larvae could be reared on horse manure under traditional farming conditions and to evaluate the growth performances of a local poultry fed these larvae and the fatty acids profiles of their meat.After freezing and thawing,larvae were introduced in the feed of Ardennaise chickens between 30 and 80 days of age.Birds in the control group received a commercial standard feed,while those in the treatment group received the same commercial feed in which 8% was substituted with whole fresh larvae corresponding to 2% on a dry matter basis.Means ± standard errors of larval length and weight were 20.67 ± 2.21 mm and 0.14 ± 0.02 g,respectively.Mean larval percentages of dry matter and of substances extractable in diethyl ether were 24.6% and 23.1%,respectively.Larval fatty acids profiles were predominantly composed of lauric acid(28.1%) and palmitic acid(22.0%).Least squares means of weekly weights of chicken,adjusted for the effects of sex,replication and initial weights,were significantly higher(P < 0.05) by 77.03 ± 53.37 g in larvae-fed than in control chickens.All other measurements were not statistically different between larvae-fed and control chicken,including fatty acid profiles,protein content and w6/w3 ratio.

关键词： Insect farming Chicken Local breed Growth performance Meat quality Fatty acid profile

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不同产蛋阶段蛋鸡卵黄前体物质生成的变化研究（英文）

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2018年第5期19卷 390-399页

作者： Xing-ting LIU Xin LIN Yu-ling MI Wei-dong ZENG Cai-qiao ZHANG department of veterinary medicine College of Animal Sciences Zhejiang University

目的:比较不同日龄蛋鸡血清雌激素的水平、肝脏雌激素受体基因和卵黄前体物生成相关基因表达量、"肝脏-血液-卵巢轴"中甘油三酯和胆固醇的含量和肝脏抗氧化能力的动态变化,揭示蛋鸡卵黄前体物生成随着年龄增长的变化规律。创新点:首次... 详细信息

目的:比较不同日龄蛋鸡血清雌激素的水平、肝脏雌激素受体基因和卵黄前体物生成相关基因表达量、"肝脏-血液-卵巢轴"中甘油三酯和胆固醇的含量和肝脏抗氧化能力的动态变化,揭示蛋鸡卵黄前体物生成随着年龄增长的变化规律。创新点:首次发现在蛋鸡衰老过程中雌激素作用衰退以及肝脏抗氧化能力降低致使肝脏中卵黄前体物合成下降,最终导致蛋鸡的产蛋性能下降。方法:取90、150、280和580日龄蛋鸡各10只,检测血清中雌激素水平、肝脏雌激素受体基因表达水平、肝脏中卵黄前体物质合成和脂质代谢相关基因表达水平、"肝脏-血液-卵巢轴"中甘油三酯和胆固醇的含量及肝脏抗氧化能力,揭示蛋鸡卵黄前体物生成在衰老过程中的变化规律。结论:在蛋鸡衰老过程中,血清雌激素水平、肝脏雌激素受体基因和卵黄前体物质合成相关基因表达量降低,肝脏抗氧化能力降低,引起肝脏合成甘油三酯的能力下降,最终导致卵黄前体物质合成能力降低。

关键词：脂质代谢卵黄前体物质雌激素抗氧化物质蛋鸡

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