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Prediction of pathological complete response and prognosis in locally advanced rectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal oncology 2024年第6期16卷 2520-2530页

作者： Yi-Jun Xu Dan Tao Song-Bing Qin Xiao-Yan Xu Kai-Wen Yang Zhong-Xu Xing Ju-Ying Zhou Yang Jiao Li-Li Wang department of Radiation oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006Jiangsu ProvinceChina department of Radiation oncology The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006Jiangsu ProvinceChina School of Radiation Medicine and Protection Medical College of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is currently the third most common malignant tumor and the second leading cause of cancer-related death *** chemoradiotherapy(nCRT)is standard for locally advanced rectal cancer(LARC).Except for pathological examination after resection,it is not known exactly whether LARC patients have achieved pathological complete response(pCR)before *** date,there are no clear clinical indicators that can predict the efficacy of nCRT and patient *** To investigate the indicators that can predict pCR and long-term outcomes following nCRT in patients with *** Clinical data of 128 LARC patients admitted to our hospital between September 2013 and November 2022 were retrospectively *** were categorized into pCR and non-pCR *** analysis(using the χ^(2) test or Fisher’s exact test)and logistic multivariate regression analysis were used to study clinical predictors affecting *** 5-year disease-free survival(DFS)and overall survival(OS)rates were calculated using Kaplan-Meier analysis,and differences in survival curves were assessed with the log-rank *** Univariate analysis showed that pretreatment carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)level,lymphocyte-monocyte ratio(LMR),time interval between neoadjuvant therapy completion and total mesorectal excision,and tumor size were correlated with *** results showed that CEA≤5 ng/mL(P=0.039),LMR>2.73(P=0.023),and time interval>10 wk(P=0.039)were independent predictors for *** analysis demonstrated that patients in the pCR group had significantly higher 5-year DFS rates(94.7%vs 59.7%,P=0.002)and 5-year OS rates(95.8%vs 80.1%,P=0.019)compared to the non-pCR *** deposits(TDs)were significantly correlated with shorter DFS(P=0.002)and OS(P<0.001).CONCLUSION Pretreatment CEA,LMR,and time interval contribute to predicting nCRT efficacy in LARC *** pCR demonstrates longer DFS and *** correlate with poor pr

关键词： Locally advanced rectal cancer Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy Pathological complete response Carcinoembryonic antigen Inflammation-related markers Tumor deposit Prognosis

Navigating the complex terrain of hepatitis B virus reactivation in the era of Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第21期30卷 2748-2750页

作者： Wei-Nung Liu Ming-Shen Dai Felicia Lin Gen-Min Lin department of Medicine Tri-Service General HospitalTaipei 114Taiwan Division of Hematology/oncology Department of Internal MedicineNational Defense Medical CenterTaipei 114Taiwan Community Care Minnesota OncologyMinneapolisMN 55404United States department of Medicine Hualien Armed Forces General HospitalHualien City 970Taiwan

In this editorial,we offer a summary of the risk associated with hepatitis B reactivation(HBVr)in the setting of both solid and hematologic malignancies treated with Bruton tyrosine kinase(BTK)inhibitors,with insights derived from current ***,we emphasize the critical need for a framework regarding robust risk evaluation in patients undergoing such *** framework is essential for identifying those at increased risk of HBVr,enabling healthcare providers to implement proactive measures to prevent reactivation and ensure the safe administration of BTK inhibitor therapy.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus reactivation Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors Hematologic malignancies Solid tumors Prophylaxis guidelines

Study on psychological resilience and associated influencing factors in lung cancer patients with bone metastases

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第9期14卷 1326-1334页

作者： Chao-Fan Guo Li-Li Wu Zhong-Zhong Peng Hua-Long Lin Jie-Ni Feng department of Orthopedics The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325200Zhejiang ProvinceChina department of Medical oncology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325200Zhejiang ProvinceChina department of Medical oncology Ningbo Hangzhou Bay HospitalNingbo 315336Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Evaluating the psychological resilience of lung cancer(LC)patients helps understand their mental state and guides future ***,there is limited research on the psychological resilience of LC patients with bone *** To explore the psychological resilience of LC patients with bone metastases and identify factors that may influence psychological *** LC patients with bone metastases who met the inclusion criteria were screened from those admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical *** psychological scores of the enrolled patients were *** were then grouped based on the mean psychological score:Those with scores lower than the mean value were placed in the low-score group and those with scores equal to or greater than the mean value was placed in the high-score *** baseline data(age,gender,education level,marital status,residence,monthly income,and religious beliefs),along with self-efficacy and medical coping mode scores,were *** This study included 142 LC patients with bone metastases admitted to our hospital from June 2022 to December 2023,with an average psychological resilience score of 63.24±9.96 *** grouping,the low-score group consisted of 69 patients,including 42 males and 27 females,with an average age of 67.38±9.55 *** high-score group consisted of 73 patients,including 49 males and 24 females,with a mean age of 61.97±5.00 years.χ2 analysis revealed significant differences between the two groups in education level(χ2=6.604,P=0.037),residence(χ2=12.950,P=0.002),monthly income(χ2=9.375,P=0.009),and medical coping modes(χ2=19.150,P=0.000).Independent sample t-test showed that the high-score group had significantly higher self-efficacy scores(t=3.383,P=0.001)and lower age than the low-score group(t=4.256,P<0.001).Furthermore,multivariate logistic regression hazard analysis confirmed that self-efficacy is an independent protective factor for psy

关键词： Lung cancer Bone metastases Psychological resilience Influencing factors Clinical evaluation

Scorpiones,Scolopendra and Gekko Inhibit Lung Cancer Growth and Metastasis by Ameliorating Hypoxic Tumor Microenvironment via PI3K/AKT/mTOR/HIF-1αSignaling Pathway

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第9期30卷 799-808页

作者： MAO Qi-yuan WANG Xue-qian LIN Fei YU Ming-wei FAN Hui-tin' ZHENG Qi LIU Lan-chun ZHANG Chu-chu LI Dao-rui LIN Hong-sheng department of oncology Guang’anmen HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing100053China department of oncology Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100010China department of Cardiology Guang’anmen HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing100053China Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Information China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing100700China

Objective:To investigate whether Buthus martensii karsch(Scorpiones),Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans ***(Scolopendra)and Gekko gecko Linnaeus(Gekko)could ameliorate the hypoxic tumor microenvironment and inhibit lung cancer growth and metastasis by regulating phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin/hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(PI3K/AKT/mTOR/HIF-1α)signaling ***:Male C57BL/6J mice were inoculated with luciferase labeled LL/2-luc-M38 cell suspension to develop lung cancer models,with rapamycin and cyclophosphamide as positive *** methyl cellulose solutions of Scorpiones,Scolopendra and Gekko were administered intragastrically as 0.33,0.33,and 0.83 g/kg,respectively once daily for 21 *** expression were detected every 7 days after inoculation,and tumor growth curves were *** was performed to determine CD31 and HIF-1αexpressions in tumor tissue and microvessel density(MVD)was *** blot was performed to detect the expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR/HIF-1αsignaling pathway-related ***-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to detect serum basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF),transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in ***:Scorpiones,Scolopendra and Gekko prolonged the survival time and inhibited lung cancer metastasis and expression of HIF-1α(all P<0.01).Moreover,Scorpiones,Scolopendra and Gekko inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT and ribosomal protein S6 kinase(p70S6K)(P<0.05 or P<0.01).In addition,they also decreased the expression of CD31,MVD,bFGF,TGF-β1 and VEGF compared with the model group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion:Scorpiones,Scolopendra and Gekko all showed beneficial effects on lung cancer by ameliorating the hypoxic tumor microenvironment via PI3K/AKT/mTOR/HIF-1αsignaling pathway.

关键词： Scorpiones Scolopendra Gekko dredging collaterals and activating blood Chinese medicine of worms lung cancer hypoxic tumor microenvironment phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin/hypoxia-inducible factor-1α signaling pathway

Clinical efficacy and pathological outcomes of transanal endoscopic intersphincteric resection for low rectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal oncology 2024年第3期16卷 933-944页

作者： Zhi-Wen Xu Jing-Tao Zhu Hao-Yu Bai Xue-Jun Yu Qing-Qi Hong Jun You department of Gastrointestinal oncology Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen UniversitySchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamen 361000Fujian ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Transanal endoscopic intersphincteric resection(ISR)surgery currently lacks sufficient clinical research and *** To investigate the clinical effectiveness of transanal endoscopic ISR,in order to promote the clinical application and development of this *** This study utilized a retrospective case series *** and pathological data of patients with lower rectal cancer who underwent transanal endoscopic ISR at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University between May 2018 and May 2023 were *** patients underwent transanal endoscopic ISR as the surgical *** conducted this study to determine the perioperative recovery status,postoperative complications,and pathological specimen charac-teristics of this group of *** This study included 45 eligible patients,with no perioperative *** overall incidence of early complications was 22.22%,with a rate of 4.44%for Clavien-Dindo grade≥III *** patients(4.4%)developed anastomotic leakage after surgery,including one case of grade A and one case of grade *** pathological examination confirmed negative circumferential resection margins and distal resection margins in all *** mean distance between the tumor lower margin and distal resection margin was found to be 2.30±0.62 *** transanal endoscopic ISR procedure consistently yielded high quality pathological *** Transanal endoscopic ISR is safe,feasible,and provides a clear anatomical *** is associated with a low incidence of postoperative complications and favorable pathological outcomes,making it worth further research and application.

关键词： Intersphincteric resection Transanal Rectal cancer Complications Endoscopic

Mycobacterium smegmatis enhances shikonin-induced immunogenic cell death—an efficient in situ tumor vaccine strategy

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Journal of Biomedical Research 2024年第4期38卷 369-381页

作者： Zhaoye Qian Zhe Zhang Lanqi Cen Yaohua Ke Jie Shao Manman Tian Baorui Liu department of oncology Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210008China department of oncology the Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityHuai'anJiangsu 223000China Center of Clinical oncology the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsu 221000China department of oncology China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalNanjingJiangsu 210008China The Comprehensive Cancer Center Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210008China department of oncology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210008China

Tumor vaccines are a promising avenue in cancer *** the progress in targeting specific immune epitopes,tumor cells lacking these epitopes can evade the ***,we aimed to construct an efficient in situ tumor vaccine called Vac-SM,utilizing shikonin(SKN)to induce immunogenic cell death(ICD)and Mycobacterium smegmatis as an immune adjuvant to enhance in situ tumor vaccine *** showed a dose-dependent and time-dependent cytotoxic effect on the tumor cell line and induced ICD in tumor cells as evidenced by the CCK-8 assay and the detection of the expression of relevant indicators,*** with the control group,the in situ Vac-SM injection in mouse subcutaneous metastatic tumors significantly inhibited tumor growth and distant tumor metastasis,while also improving survival *** smegmatis effectively induced maturation and activation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells(DCs),and in vivo tumor-draining lymph nodes showed an increased maturation of DCs and a higher proportion of effector memory T-cell subsets with the Vac-SM treatment,based on flow cytometry analysis ***,the Vac-SM vaccine effectively induces ICD,improves antigen presentation by DCs,activates a specific systemic antitumor T-cell immune response,exhibits a favorable safety profile,and holds the promise for clinical translation for local tumor immunotherapy.

关键词： Mycobacterium smegmatis shikonin immunogenic cell death tumor vaccines immunogenicity cytotoxicity

Image Application in Single Isocenter Multiple Target SRS

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International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation oncology 2024年第2期13卷 27-40页

作者： Junfang Gao Jeffrey P. Limmer Radiation oncology department Texas Oncology Houston TX USA

Single isocenter multiple target stereotactic radiosurgery (SIMT-SRS) has potentially emerged as a new pillar in radio-immune combination therapy for the management of brain metastasis. Accuracy and efficiency are pushed to a higher level in the era of the linear accelerator-based SIMT-SRS. This short review focuses on patient selection, image preparation, patient simulation, electronic portal imaging device (EPID) QA, and the patient treatment process in the SIMT-SRS treatment only. Image-relevant recommendations and guidelines are presented and contrast application, acquisition efficiency, and alignment accuracy of CT and MRI images are explored. With guidance, the SIMT-SRS can be implemented with high precision and efficiency. 1 mm or 0.5 mm and non-uniform PTV margin expansion for all targets would become possible. It will enhance cancer killing effect in radio-immune combination therapy. General routine daily, monthly, and annual linear accelerator image quality assurances are excluded.

关键词： SIMT-SRS Image Application

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Middle Ear: Case Report and Literature Review

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2024年第9期15卷 303-310页

作者： Mariam Harrak Khouloud Ziani Madiha Chelakhi Othmane Saqri Nabila Sellal Mohamed El Hfid department of radiotherapy University Hospital Mohamed VI of Tangier Tangier Morocco

Malignant tumors originating from the middle ear are rare. The literature identifies chronic inflammation and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection as the most common risk factors. A CT scan to assess bony invasion and an MRI to evaluate soft tissue involvement, depth of invasion, and perineural invasion, followed by a biopsy, are indispensable for diagnosis and treatment. There is no standard treatment for squamous cell carcinoma of the middle ear, however, most reported cases are treated with surgical resection followed by postoperative radiotherapy. Given the challenges of achieving complete surgical excision, radiotherapy plays a crucial role in controlling middle ear cancers, as demonstrated in our case. We present a case of squamous cell carcinoma of the middle ear in a 63-year-old female with a history of chronic suppurative otitis media. The patient underwent a right subtotal petrosectomy without lymph node dissection followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy. At the one-year follow visit, no recurrence or metastasis was detected.

关键词： Chronic Suppurative Otitis The Middle Ear Squamous Cell Carcinoma Surgery radiotherapy

Chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab for small cell lung cancer with brain metastases:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第2期12卷 405-411页

作者： Hong-Yu Yang Yu-Qing Xia Yu-Jia Hou Peng Xue Shi-Jie Zhu Dian-Rong Lu department of oncology Wangjing HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100102China department of oncology Tianjin University of Chinese MedicineTianjin 300000China department of Electrothermal Acupuncture Wangjing HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100102China department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Sihui Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineBeijing 100102China

BACKGROUND Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)is a common and aggressive subtype of lung *** is characterized by rapid growth and a high mortality *** 10%of patients with SCLC present with brain metastases at the time of diagnosis,which is associated with a median survival of 5 *** study aimed to summarize the effect of bevacizumab on the progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival of patients with brain metastasis of *** SUMMARY A 62-year-old man was referred to our hospital in February 2023 because of dizziness and numbness of the right lower extremity without headache or fever for more than four *** patient was diagnosed with limited-stage *** received 8 cycles of chemotherapy combined with maintenance bevacizumab therapy and achieved a PFS of over 7 *** The combination of bevacizumab and irinotecan effectively alleviated brain metastasis in SCLC and prolonged PFS.

关键词： Small cell lung cancer Bevacizumab Brain metastasis Antineoplastic agents Target therapies Immunotherapy radiotherapy Case report