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Synthetic fungal melanin UV absorbers

Science China Chemistry 2024年第9期67卷 3098-3110页

作者： Chao Wang Rong Zhang Jianhua Zhang Xueqian Zhang Hengjie Zhang Huan Cao Zhen Yang Yiwen Li College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University department of radiology Huaxi MR Research Center Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics West China Hospital Sichuan University

Agents with robust ultraviolet(UV) absorption capabilities play a vital role in safeguarding organisms and inorganic materials from UV damage. Nonetheless, the synthetic procedures towards these UV absorbers are usually lengthy and complicated,accompanied by undesirable side reactions and the generation of toxic substances. In nature, allomelanin, a class of melanins variant found in melanized fungi near the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, plays crucial roles in the cell wall of melanized fungi,offering resistance to harsh external environments and promising UV resistance capabilities. Notably, allomelanin can be rapidly biosynthesized via the polymerization of 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene in presence of enzymes in fungi. Inspired by this, we report here a green enzymatic polymerization strategy to efficiently and eco-friendly synthesize polydihydroxynaphthalene(PDHN)-based artificial allomelanin nanoparticles(NPs) with interesting features. Theoretical calculations and experimental results demonstrated that the PDHN NPs exhibited excellent UVabsorption capacity, surpassing another widely used artificial melanin,polydopamine(PDA). Moreover, the light absorption mechanism of PDHN NPs was systematically elucidated for the first ***, the PDHN NPs were incorporated with polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) to create an anti-aging composite film with significantly enhanced UV shielding ability. The potential of these composite films in safeguarding plants from UV damage was meticulously verified. Remarkably, these PDHN NPs were first found to produce hydroxyl radicals(·OH) under UV irradiation, offering antibacterial properties that expand their potential applications.

关键词： melanin artificial allomelanin nanoparticles green synthesis UV absorption antibacterial

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Preoperative prediction of lymphovascular and perineural invasion in gastric cancer using spectral computed tomography imaging and machine learning

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第6期30卷 542-555页

作者： Hui-Ting Ge Jian-Wu Chen Li-Li Wang Tian-Xiu Zou Bin Zheng Yuan-Fen Liu Yun-Jing Xue Wei-Wen Lin department of radiology Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhou 350001Fujian ProvinceChina Fujian Key Laboratory of Intelligent imaging and Precision Radiotherapy for Tumors Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350001Fujian ProvinceChina Digestive Hematological and Breast MalignanciesClinical Research Center for Radiology and Radiotherapy of Fujian ProvinceFuzhou 350001Fujian ProvinceChina department of Radiation Oncology Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhou 350001Fujian ProvinceChina department of Diagnostic radiology Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhou 350001Fujian ProvinceChina School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of OklahomaOklahomaOK 73019United States

BACKGROUND Lymphovascular invasion(LVI)and perineural invasion(PNI)are important prognostic factors for gastric cancer(GC)that indicate an increased risk of metastasis and poor *** preoperative prediction of LVI/PNI status could help clinicians identify high-risk patients and guide treatment ***,prior models using conventional computed tomography(CT)images to predict LVI or PNI separately have had limited *** CT provides quantitative enhancement parameters that may better capture tumor *** hypothesized that a predictive model combining clinical and spectral CT parameters would accurately preoperatively predict LVI/PNI status in GC *** To develop and test a machine learning model that fuses spectral CT parameters and clinical indicators to predict LVI/PNI status *** This study used a retrospective dataset involving 257 GC patients(training cohort,n=172;validation cohort,n=85).First,several clinical indicators,including serum tumor markers,CT-TN stages and CT-detected extramural vein invasion(CT-EMVI),were extracted,as were quantitative spectral CT parameters from the delineated tumor ***,a two-step feature selection approach using correlation-based methods and information gain ranking inside a 10-fold cross-validation loop was utilized to select informative clinical and spectral CT parameters.A logistic regression(LR)-based nomogram model was subsequently constructed to predict LVI/PNI status,and its performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC).RESULTS In both the training and validation cohorts,CT T3-4 stage,CT-N positive status,and CT-EMVI positive status are more prevalent in the LVI/PNI-positive group and these differences are statistically significant(P<0.05).LR analysis of the training group showed preoperative CT-T stage,CT-EMVI,single-energy CT values of 70 keV of venous phase(VP-70 keV),and the ratio of standardized iodine co

关键词： Spectral computed tomography Gastric cancer Lymphovascular invasion Perineural invasion

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Generative pretrained transformer 4:an innovative approach to facilitate value-based healthcare

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Intelligent Medicine 2024年第1期4卷 10-15页

作者： Han Lyu Zhixiang Wang Jia Li Jing Sun Xinghao Wang Pengling Ren Linkun Cai Zhenchang Wang Max Wintermark department of radiology Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Friendship HospitalBeijing 100050China department of Medical imaging Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Friendship HospitalBeijing 100050China School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China department of Neuroradiology University of Texas MD Anderson CenterHoustonTX 77030USA

Objective Appropriate medical imaging is important for value-based *** aim to evaluate the performance of generative pretrained transformer 4(GPT-4),an innovative natural language processing model,providing appropriate medical imaging automatically in different clinical *** Institutional Review Boards(IRB)approval was not required due to the use of nonidentifiable ***,we used 112 questions from the American College of radiology(ACR)radiology-TEACHES Program as prompts,which is an open-sourced question and answer program to guide appropriate medical *** included 69 free-text case vignettes and 43 simplified *** the performance evaluation of GPT-4 and GPT-3.5,we considered the recommendations of ACR guidelines as the gold standard,and then three radiologists analyzed the consistency of the responses from the GPT models with those of the *** set a five-score criterion for the evaluation of the consistency.A paired t-test was applied to assess the statistical significance of the *** For the performance of the GPT models in free-text case vignettes,the accuracy of GPT-4 was 92.9%,whereas the accuracy of GPT-3.5 was just 78.3%.GPT-4 can provide more appropriate suggestions to reduce the overutilization of medical imaging than GPT-3.5(t=3.429,P=0.001).For the performance of the GPT models in simplified scenarios,the accuracy of GPT-4 and GPT-3.5 was 66.5%and 60.0%,*** differences were not statistically significant(t=1.858,P=0.070).GPT-4 was characterized by longer reaction times(27.1 s in average)and extensive responses(137.1 words on average)than *** As an advanced tool for improving value-based healthcare in clinics,GPT-4 may guide appropriate medical imaging accurately and efficiently。

关键词： Generative pretrained transformer 4 model Natural language processing Medical imaging Appropriateness

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Hypomethylation of glycine dehydrogenase promoter in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is a new diagnostic marker of hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 35-42页

作者： Li-Li Miao Jing-Wen Wang Hui-Hui Liu Shuai Gao Yu-Chen Fan Kai Wang department of Hepatology Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012China experimental center Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan 250355China Institute of Hepatology Shandong UniversityJinan 250012China

Background: Glycine dehydrogenase(GLDC) plays an important role in the initiation and proliferation of several human cancers. In this study, we aimed to detect the methylation status of GLDC promoter and its diagnostic value for hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma(HBV-HCC). Methods: We enrolled 197 patients, 111 with HBV-HCC, 51 with chronic hepatitis B(CHB), and 35 healthy controls(HCs). The methylation status of GLDC promoter in peripheral mononuclear cells(PBMCs) was identified by methylation specific polymerase chain reaction(MSP). The mRNA expression was examined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(q PCR). Results: The methylation frequency of the GLDC promoter was significantly lower in HBV-HCC patients(27.0%) compared to that in CHB patients(68.6%) and HCs(74.3%)( P < 0.001). The methylated group had lower alanine aminotransferase level( P = 0.035) and lower rates of tumor node metastasis(TNM) Ⅲ/Ⅳ( P = 0.043) and T3/T4( P = 0.026). TNM stage was identified to be an independent factor for GLDC promoter methylation. GLDC mRNA levels in CHB patients and HCs were significantly lower than those in HBV-HCC patients( P = 0.022 and P < 0.001, respectively). GLDC mRNA levels were significantly higher in HBV-HCC patients with unmethylated GLDC promoters than those with methylated GLDC promoters( P = 0.003). The diagnostic accuracy of alpha-fetoprotein(AFP) combined with GLDC promoter methylation for HBV-HCC was improved compared with that of AFP alone(AUC: 0.782 vs. 0.630, P < 0.001). In addition, GLDC promoter methylation was an independent predictor for overall survival of HBV-HCC patients( P = 0.038). Conclusions: The methylation frequency of GLDC promoter was lower in PBMCs from HBV-HCC patients than that from patients with CHB and HCs. The combination of AFP and GLDC promoter hypomethylation significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy of HBV-HCC.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Glycine dehydrogenase DNA methylation Peripheral blood mononuclear cells

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Conformity Assessment of Lead Aprons Used in Conventional radiology: A Multi-Centre Survey in Togo

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Open Journal of radiology 2024年第2期14卷 55-63页

作者： Massaga Dagbé Bidamin N’timon Ousmane Aminata Bah Pihou Gbandé Komi Awobanou Koku Adambounou Masamaesso Tchaou Abdoulatif Amadou Lantam Sonhaye Lama Kegdigoma Agoda-koussema Komlanvi Victor Adjénou radiology department Kara University Hospital Kara Togo Armed Forces Reference imaging center (CIRA) Conakry Guinea radiology department Sokod Regional Hospital Sokod Togo radiology department Lom University Hospital Lom Togo Radiation Protection/Telemedicine department Lom University Hospital Lom Togo radiology department Kara Regional Hospital Kara Togo

Aim: Lead aprons are used to protect against scattered radiation from the patient during interventional procedures and certain special conventional radiological examinations. Given the importance of the role lead aprons are supposed to play in radiation protection, we propose to assess their conformity in medical imaging departments in public and religious hospitals in Togo. Materials and method: A multi-centre survey conducted from 26 November to 06 December 2021 in the radiology departments of public and religious health facilities in Togo. All aprons in use were included. The evaluation criteria were physical (visual), quantitative (radiographic) and qualitative (dosimetric). Results: We had registred 43 aprons among wich 27 (62.79%) leaded aprons were labelled non-compliant and 16 (37.21%) were labelled compliant. Of the aprons judged to be non-compliant, 70.37% were more than 10 years old and 96.30% showed defects on the radiographic images. The most common defects were vampire marks (18.64%), multiple folds (16.96%), cracks (16.96%), multiple cracks (15.25%), tears (8.47%), absence of lead (5.08%), holes (3.39%) and lead corrosion (1.69%). Defective aprons (62.96%) had at least two defects. The defects were of thoraco-abdomino-pelvic (74.07%), thoracic (14.82%) and abdomino-pelvic (11.11%) topography. For indirect exposure at 50 and 70 kilovolts, all the aprons had an attenuation factor greater than 90%. After dosimetric measurement, 13.95% of aprons had attenuation factors below 90% for indirect exposure at 100 kilovolts. Conclusion: The compliance of the leaded decks is trifactorial (physical, radiographic and dosimetric). However, there is no significant difference in X-ray attenuation capacity between defective and normal decks.

关键词： Lead Apron Compliance Radiation Protection radiology Togo

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Determination of the resonant parameters ofχ_(c0)(3915)with global fit

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第6期48卷 1-4页

作者：李春花王希俊吴晨 department of Physics and Electronic Technology Liaoning Normal UniversityDalian 116029China center for Theoretical and experimental High Energy Physics Liaoning Normal UniversityDalian 116029China

Particle χ_(c0)(3915) was first observed by the Belle experiment in the ωJ/ψ invariant mass spectrum in the process B→KωJ/ψ and subsequently confirmed by the BaBar *** experiments reported the resonant parameters of this particle in the processes γγ→ωJ/ψ and B→KωJ/ψ assuming χ_(c0)(3915) as an S-wave Breit-Wigner *** performed a global fit to the distributions of invariant mass of ωJ/ψ measured by the Belle and BaBar experiments and additionally incorporated the measurements reported by the LHCb experiment to extract the mass and width of χ_(c0)(3915).We obtained M=3920.9±0.9 MeV/c^(2) and Γ=18.2±2.4 MeV,which are consistent with the values from PDG within one standard deviation but with higher precision.

关键词： charmonimum-like state χ_(c0)(3915) global fit mass width

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Association between abnormal default mode network homogeneity and sleep disturbances in major depressive disorder

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General Psychiatry 2024年第2期37卷 234-241页

作者： Muzhi Huang Yangpan Ou Huabing Li Feng Liu Ping Li Jingping Zhao Bing Lang Wenbin Guo department of Psychiatry The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disordersand National Center for Mental DisordersChangshaHunanChina department of radiology The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina department of radiology Tianjin Medical University General HospitalHepingTianjinChina Qiqihar Medical University QiqihaerHeilongjiangChina

Background Sleep disturbance is a common comorbidity of major depressive disorder(MDD).However,network homogeneity(NH)changes of the default mode network(DMN)in MDD with sleep disturbances are *** The purpose of this study was to probe the abnormal NH in the DMN in MDD with sleep disturbances and to reveal the differences between MDD with or without sleep *** Twenty-four patients with MDD and sleep disturbances(Pa_s),33 patients with MDD without sleep disturbances(Pa_ns)and 32 healthy controls(HCs)were recruited in this ***-state functional imaging data were analysed using *** Compared with Pa_ns and HCs,Pa_s showed decreased NH in the left superior medial prefrontal cortex and increased NH in the right *** was a negative correlation between NH in the left superior medial prefrontal cortex and sleep disturbances(r=−0.42,p=0.001)as well as a positive correlation between NH in the right precuneus and sleep disturbances(r=0.41,p=0.002)in patients with *** MDD with sleep disturbances is associated with abnormal NH in the DMN,which could differentiate pa_s from pa_*** DMN may play a crucial role in the neurobiological mechanisms of MDD with sleep disturbances.

关键词： sleep medial cortex

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Effectively modulating spatial vortex four-wave mixing in a diamond atomic system

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 473-478页

作者：巴诺姜明奇费金友王丹蒋海林王磊王海华 National Demonstration center for experimental Physics Education College of PhysicsJilin Normal UniversitySiping 136000China College of Physics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

Due to the spatial characteristics of orbital angular momentum,vortex fields can be applied in the fields of quantum storage and quantum *** study the realization of spatially modulated vortex fields based on four-wave mixing in a four-level atomic system with a diamond *** intensity and spiral phase of the vortex field are effectively transferred to the generated four-wave mixing *** changing the detuning of the probe field,the phase and intensity of the generated vertex four-wave mixing field can be *** the probe field takes a large detuning value,the spatial distribution of the intensity and phase of the vertex four-wave mixing field can be effectively tuned by adjusting the Rabi frequency or detuning value of the coupled *** the same time,we also provide a detailed explanation based on the dispersion relationship,and the results agree well with our simulation results.

关键词： coherent optical effects four-wave mixing orbital angular momentum

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Comparative study between Embosphere®and Marine gel®as embolic agents for chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第1期16卷 102-109页

作者： Hyo-Cheol Kim Jin Woo Choi department of radiology Seoul National University HospitalSeoul 03080South Korea

BACKGROUND While gelatin sponge particles and calibrated microspheres are commonly used as embolic materials in conventional transarterial chemoembolization(cTACE),direct comparisons between these embolic agents are *** To compare the efficacy and safety of superselective cTACE using Embosphere®or Marine gel®in patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS This retrospective study included 70 patients with small(center between March 2021 and July *** radiologic images and clinical data were retrospectively reviewed,with an emphasis on tumor response,procedure-related complications,and local tumor *** primary index tumor was assessed on a 1-mo follow-up image,and local progression-free survival was obtained using the Kaplan-Meier method and was compared by the log-rank *** The median tumor size of both groups was 1.5 cm,and 69 patients achieved a complete response one month after *** cumulative local recurrence rate at 12 mo was 15.5%in the Embosphere®group and 14.4%in the Marine gel®*** local progression-free survival was not significantly different between the two groups(P=0.83).In the multivariate analysis,high serum alphafetoprotein was the only significant poor prognostic factor for local tumor progression(P=0.01).Postembolization syndrome occurred in 36.4%of the Embosphere®group and 35.1%of the Marine gel®group,and there were no cases of biloma,biliary duct dilation,or liver abscess in either *** Calibrated gelatin sponge particles(Marine gel®)and calibrated microspheres(Embosphere®)have similar outcomes in terms of tumor response for superselective cTACE of small HCC.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Chemoembolization Temporary embolic material Permanent embolic material Tumor response

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Simplified liver imaging reporting and data system for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma on gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第6期16卷 2439-2448页

作者： Rong Lyu Wei-Juan Hu Di Wang Jiao Wang Yu-Bing Ye Ke-Feng Jia department of radiology Tianjin Third Central HospitalTianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical DiseasesArtificial Cell Engineering Technology Research CenterTianjin 300170China

BACKGROUND The liver imaging reporting and data system(LI-RADS)diagnostic table has 15 cells and is too *** diagnostic performance of LI-RADS for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is not satisfactory on gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(EOB-MRI).AIM To evaluate the ability of the simplified LI-RADS(sLI-RADS)to diagnose HCC on *** A total of 331 patients with 356 hepatic observations were retrospectively *** diagnostic performance of sLI-RADS A-D using a single threshold was evaluated and compared with LI-RADS v2018 to determine the optimal *** algorithms of sLI-RADS A-D are as follows:The single threshold for sLI-RADS A and B was 10 mm,that is,classified observations≥10mm using an algorithm of 10-19 mm observations(sLI-RADS A)and≥20 mm observations(sLI-RADS B)in the diagnosis table of LI-RADS v2018,respectively,while the classification algorithm remained unchanged for observations0.999).With HBP hypointensity as an MF,the sensitivity of F-sLI-RADS was greater than that of LI-RADS v2018(93.0%vs 87.0%,P<0.001)and sLI-RADS D(93.0%vs 89.8%,P=0.016),without a lower specificity(86.5%vs 90.1%,P=0.062;86.5%vs 89.4%,P=0.125).Compared with that of LI-RADS v2018,the time to classif

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Magnetic resonance imaging Liver Diagnosis Contrast agent

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