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Tracheal intubation in patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19):a cross-sectional survey in China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2021年第17期134卷 2110-2112页

作者： Zhen Liu Hong-Yu Zhao Ming-Zhang Zuo department of Anesthesiology Beijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyInstitute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical ScienceBeijing 100730China

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has caused a dramatic loss of human life *** rate of tracheal intubation is estimated to be 2.3%in hospitalized patients.[1]As an aerosol-generating procedure,intubation may increase the risk of COVID-19 infection in healthcare *** the generation of aerosol and improving the oxygenation during intubation is sometimes conflicting,which makes the intubation in patients with COVID-19 different from that in other patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).We conducted a survey to collect information on preoxygenation,induction,and intubation procedures in COVID-19 *** study aims to compare the difference in intubation performance between doctors who have ever done tracheal intubation in COVID-19 patients versus those who have never done tracheal intubation in COVID-19 patients.

关键词： patients intubation distress

Delirium,insulin-like growth factor I,growth hormone in older inpatients

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World Journal of psychiatry 2020年第9期10卷 212-222页

作者： Dimitrios Adamis Iulian Coada Piet Eikelenboom Che-Sheng Chu Karen Finn Vincent Melvin John Williams David James Meagher Geraldine McCarthy department of psychiatry Sligo/Leitrim Mental Health ServicesSligo F91 CD34Ireland department of psychiatry Research and Academic Institute of AthensAthens 11742Greece department of psychiatry University Hospital LimerickLimerick V94 F858Ireland department of psychiatry GGZinGeest and VuMCAmsterdam 1081 HVthe Netherlands department of psychiatry and center for geriatric and gerontology Kaohsiung Veterans General HospitalKaohsiung 81362Taiwan department of Biopharmaceutical and Medical Science School of Science and ComputingGalway-Mayo Institute of TechnologyGalway H91 T8NWIreland department of Pathology Sligo University HospitalSligo F91 H684Ireland

BACKGROUND Delirium is a common disorder in elderly medical inpatients with serious adverse outcomes and is characterized by sudden onset,disturbance in attention,awareness,consciousness and cognition,and often with behavioural *** to understanding delirium,is understanding mechanisms by which body and brain wellbeing are linked and in particular how brain responses to bodily homeostatic stress is mediated.A number of studies have investigated the relationship between insulin-like growth factor I(IGF-I)and delirium in medically ill hospitalised patients with conflicting ***,none have investigated growth hormone(GH)which is related to IGF-I via negative *** To investigate the relationship between serum levels of IGF-I and GH,and the occurrence of *** Prospective,longitudinal,observational *** elderly inpatients(aged 70+),were assessed twice weekly with Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA),Confusion assessment method(CAM),Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation *** was defined using *** history of dementia was evaluated with the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the ***-I and GH levels were estimated with the ELISA *** estimating equations(GEE)model was applied for the first five assessments to analyze those longitudinal *** The sample consisted of 198 participants(mean age 80.63±6.81;range 70-97).Of these 92(46.5%)were *** six(43.4%)were identified with a history of *** or prevalent delirium during hospitalisation was identified with CAM in 40 participants(20.2%).Evaluation of missing values with Little's MCAR test indicated that they were missing completely at random(MCARχ2=12.24,u:9,P=0.20).Using GEE for the analysis we found that low MoCA scores,low levels of IGF-I and high levels of GH were significantly associated with any delirium(prevalence,incident,or fluctuating,during the study period(Waldχ2=12.231;u:

关键词： Delirium Pathophysiology Insulin-like growth factor-I Growth hormone Older people Physical illness Cognition Old age psychiatry

Proximity-enabled covalent binding of IL-2 to IL-2Rα selectively activates regulatory T cells and suppresses autoimmunity

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第2期8卷 795-812页

作者： Bo Zhang Jiaqi Sun Yeshuang Yuan Dezhong Ji Yeting Sun Yudong Liu Shengjie Li Xingxing Zhu Xunyao Wu Jin Hu Qiu Xie Ling Wu Lulu Liu Boyang Cheng Yuanjie Zhang Lingjuan Jiang Lidan Zhao Fei Yu Wei Song Min Wang Yue Xu Shiliang Ma Yunyun Fei Lihe Zhang Demin Zhou Xuan Zhang State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases Peking Union Medical College HospitalDepartment of RheumatologyBeijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyInstitute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China department of Rheumatology Beijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyInstitute of Geriatric MedicineClinical Immunology CenterGraduate School of Peking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeThe Ministry of Education Key LaboratoryBeijing 100730China

Interleukin-2(IL-2)is a pleiotropic cytokine that orchestrates bidirectional immune responses via regulatory T cells(Tregs)and effector cells,leading to paradoxical ***,we report a strategy that exploited genetic code expansion-guided incorporation of the latent bioreactive artificial amino acid fluorosulfate-L-tyrosine(FSY)into IL-2 for proximity-enabled covalent binding to IL-2Rαto selectively promote Treg *** found that FSY-bearing IL-2 variants,such as L72-FSY,covalently bound to IL-2Rαvia sulfur-fluoride exchange when in proximity,resulting in persistent recycling of IL-2 and selectively promoting the expansion of Tregs but not effector *** assessment of L72-FSY-expanded Tregs demonstrated that L72-FSY maintained Tregs in a central memory phenotype without driving terminal differentiation,as demonstrated by simultaneously attenuated expression of lymphocyte activation gene-3(LAG-3)and enhanced expression of programmed cell death protein-1(PD-1).Subcutaneous administration of L72-FSY in murine models of pristane-induced lupus and graft-versus-host disease(GvHD)resulted in enhanced and sustained therapeutic efficacy compared with wild-type IL-2 *** efficacy of L72-FSY was further improved by N-terminal PEGylation,which increased its circulatory retention for preferential and sustained *** proximity-enabled covalent binding strategy may accelerate the development of pleiotropic cytokines as a new class of immunomodulatory therapies.

关键词： sustained proximity consequences

Biomarkers for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, dementia Lewy body, frontotemporal dementia and vascular dementia

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General psychiatry 2019年第1期32卷 5-13页

作者： Joshua Marvin Anthony Maclin Tao Wang Shifu Xiao department of geriatric psychiatry Shanghai Mental Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine ShanghaiChina Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders center Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina department of Neuroscience Earlham CollegeRichmondIndianaUSA

Background Dementia is a chronic brain disorder classified by four distinct diseases that impact cognition and mental degeneration. Each subgroup exhibits similar brain deficiencies and mutations. This review will focus on four dementia subgroups: Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, frontotemporal dementia and dementia Lewy body. Aim The aim of this systematic review is to create a concise overview of unique similarities within dementia used to locate and identify new biomarker methods in diagnosing dementia. Methods 123 300 articles published after 2010 were identified from PubMed, JSTOR, WorldCat Online Computer Library and PALNI (Private Academic Library Network of Indiana) using the following search items (in title or abstract):'Neurodegenerative Diseases' OR 'Biomarkers' OR 'Alzheimer's Disease' OR 'Frontal Temporal Lobe Dementia' OR 'Vascular Dementia, OR 'Dementia Lewy Body' OR 'Cerebral Spinal Fluid' OR 'Mental Cognitive Impairment'. 47 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. Results Evidence suggested neuroimaging with amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) scanning and newly found PET tracers to be more effective in diagnosing Alzheimer's and amnesiac mental cognitive impairment than carbon-11 Pittsburgh compound-B radioisotope tracer. Newly created methods to make PET scans more accurate and practical in clinical settings signify a major shift in diagnosing dementia and neurodegenerative diseases. Conclusion Vast improvements in neuroimaging techniques have led to newly discovered biomarkers and diagnostics. Neuroimaging with amyloid PET scanning surpasses what had been considered the dominant method of neuroimaging and MRI. Newly created methods to make PET scans more accurate and practical in clinical settings signify a major shift in diagnosing dementia pathology. Continued research and studies must be conducted to improve current findings and streamline methods to further subcategorise neurodegenerative disorders and diagnosis.

关键词： Biomarkers Alzheimer's disease frontotemporal dementia

Relationship between afternoon napping and cognitive function in the ageing Chinese population

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General psychiatry 2021年第1期34卷 1-6页

作者： Han Cai Ning Su Wei Li Xia Li Shifu Xiao Lin Sun geriatrics The Fourth People's Hospital of WuhuWuhuAnhuiChina Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders center Shanghai Mental Health CenterShanghaiChina department of geriatric psychiatry Shanghai Mental Health CenterShanghaiChina School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Background Several studies have shown that afternoon napping promotes cognitive function in the elderly;on the other hand,some studies have shown opposite *** current study further examined the relationship between afternoon napping and cognitive function in the ageing Chinese *** A total of 2214 elderly were included(napping group:n=1534;non-napping group:n=680).They all received cognitive evaluations by the Beijing version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment,the Mini-Mental State Examination,and the Chinese version of the Neuropsychological Test *** all the subjects,739 elderly volunteered to take blood lipid *** Significant differences in cognitive function and blood lipids were observed between the napping and the non-napping *** napping was associated with better cognitive function including orientation,language,and memory in the present *** with the habit of afternoon napping also showed a higher level of triglyceride than the non-napping *** The results demonstrated that afternoon napping was related to better cognitive function in the Chinese ageing population.

关键词： population function Battery

Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Promote Schwann Cells Pro-Myelination Activities and Neurite Outgrowth of Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2021年第3期26卷 278-288页

作者： JIANG Wenli WANG Yuexiang TANG Jie WU Meng GUO Fajin LI Shan LI Mengpu department of Ultrasound Beijing Hospital/National Center of GerontologyInstitute of Geriatric MedcineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100730China department of Ultrasound Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China department of Ultrasound Zhongnan Hosptial of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071HubeiChina department of Pediatric Tianjin HospitalTianjin UniversityTianjin 300200China

In this study,we investigate how Schwann cells and dorsal root ganglion(DRG)neurons response to direct low-intensity pulsed ultrasound(LIPUS)stimuli in *** Schwann cells and DRG were isolated from rat sciatic nerve and spine,*** with varied dose of intensity(low:250 mW/cm2,medium:500 m W/cm2,high:750 m W/cm2)were applied 5 min per time for every other day,and pro-myelination indicators of Schwann cell as well as neurite outgrowth of dorsal root ganglion neurons were *** results demonstrated that LIPUS promoted Schwann cells activity and proliferation from day 3 at the highest intensity,and day 5 at all *** addition,LIPUS boosted pro-myelination activities of Schwann cells,as evidenced by increased cell population that positive for immunohistochemical staining against S100,nerve growth factor receptor(NGFR)p75,glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP),myelin protein zero(P0),as well as up-regulation of GFAP,Protein 0,nerve growth factor(NGF),and brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)***,LIPUS significantly enhanced the neurite outgrowth of DRG,with the highest intensity exhibiting longest neurite *** together,our results strongly improve the understanding of cellular mechanisms of ultrasonic therapies for peripheral nerve repair.

关键词： low-intensity pulsed ultrasound Schwann cell dorsal root ganglion peripheral nerve repair

Case of early-onset Alzheimer’s disease with atypical manifestation

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General psychiatry 2021年第1期34卷 49-52页

作者： Lin Zhu Limin Sun Lin Sun Shifu Xiao department of Rehabilitation Medicine Shanghai No.3 Rehabilitation HospitalShanghaiChina department of Rehabilitation Medicine Huashan Hospital Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina department of geriatric psychiatry Shanghai Mental Health CenterShanghaiChina Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders center Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Short-term memory decline is the typical clinical manifestation of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).However,early-onset AD usually has atypical symptoms and may get *** the present case study,we reported a patient who experienced symptoms of memory loss with progressive non-fluent aphasia accompanied by gradual social *** did not meet the diagnostic criteria of AD based on the clinical manifestation and brain ***,his cerebrospinal fluid examination showed a decreased level of beta-amyloid 42,and increased total tau and phosphorylated *** amyloid β-protein deposition by 11C-Pittsburgh positron emission tomography confirmed the diagnosis of frontal variant *** case indicated that early-onset AD may have progressive non-fluent aphasia as the core *** combination of individual and precision diagnosis would be beneficial for similar cases.

关键词： diagnosis Alzheimer tau

Three-dimensional diabetic macular edema thickness maps based on fluid segmentation and fovea detection using deep learning

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第3期15卷 495-501页

作者： Jing-Jing Xu Yang Zhou Qi-Jie Wei Kang Li Zhen-Ping Li Tian Yu Jian-Chun Zhao Da-Yong Ding Xi-Rong Li Guang-Zhi Wang Hong Dai School of Medicine Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Visionary Intelligence Company Limited Beijing 100872China department of Ophthalmology Beijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyInstitute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical ScienciesBeijing 100730China Key Lab of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China

AIM: To explore a more accurate quantifying diagnosis method of diabetic macular edema(DME) by displaying detailed 3D morphometry beyond the gold-standard quantification indicator-central retinal thickness(CRT) and apply it in follow-up of DME ***: Optical coherence tomography(OCT) scans of 229 eyes from 160 patients were *** manually annotated cystoid macular edema(CME), subretinal fluid(SRF) and fovea as ground *** convolution neural networks(DCNNs) were constructed including U-Net, sASPP, HRNetV2-W48, and HRNetV2-W48+Object-Contextual Representation(OCR) for fluid(CME+SRF) segmentation and fovea detection respectively, based on which the thickness maps of CME, SRF and retina were generated and divided by Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study(ETDRS) ***: In fluid segmentation, with the best DCNN constructed and loss function, the dice similarity coefficients(DSC) of segmentation reached 0.78(CME), 0.82(SRF), and 0.95(retina).In fovea detection, the average deviation between the predicted fovea and the ground truth reached 145.7±117.8 μ*** generated macular edema thickness maps are able to discover center-involved DME by intuitive morphometry and fluid volume, which is ignored by the traditional definition of CRT>250 μ*** maps could also help to discover fluid above or below the fovea center ignored or underestimated by a single OCT ***: Compared to the traditional unidimensional indicator-CRT, 3D macular edema thickness maps are able to display more intuitive morphometry and detailed statistics of DME, supporting more accurate diagnoses and follow-up of DME patients.

关键词： diabetic macular edema fluid segmentation fovea detection 3D macular edema thickness maps deep learning

Circular RNAs: Biomarkers of cancer

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Cancer Innovation 2022年第3期1卷 197-206页

作者： Jingyi Cui Meng Chen Lanxin Zhang Sida Huang Fei Xiao Lihui Zou The Key Laboratory of geriatrics Beijing Institute of GeriatricsInstitute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health CommissionBeijingChina Clinical Biobank Beijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyNational Health CommissionInstitute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina Key Laboratory for National Cancer Big Data Analysis and Implement National Cancer Data CenterNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina department of Public Policy Cornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA

Circular RNAs(circRNAs)are a class of single‐stranded closed RNAs that are produced by the back splicing of precursor *** formation of circRNAs mainly involves intron‐pairing‐driven circularization,RNA‐binding protein(RBP)‐driven circularization,and lariat‐driven *** vast majority of circRNAs are found in the cytoplasm,and some intron‐containing circRNAs are localized in the *** have been found to function as microRNA(miRNA)sponges,interact with RBPs and translate proteins,and play an important regulatory role in the development and progression of *** exhibit tissue‐and developmental stage–specific expression and are stable,with longer half‐lives than linear *** have great potential as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis,which is highlighted by their detectability in tissues,especially in fluid biopsy samples such as plasma,saliva,and ***,we review the current studies on the properties and functions of circRNAs and their clinical application value.

关键词： circRNA cancer biomarker