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Calculus bovis in hepatocellular carcinoma:Tumor molecular basis,Wnt/β-catenin pathway role,and protective mechanism

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第35期30卷 3959-3964页

作者： Khaled Mohamed Mohamed Koriem department of medical physiology Medical Research and Clinical Studies InstituteNational Research CentreGiza 12622Egypt

In this editorial,we comment on the recent article by Huang et *** editorial focuses specifically on the molecular mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),mechanism of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in HCC,and protective mechanism of Calculus bovis(CB)in *** cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths *** most prevalent kind of primary liver cancer,HCC,is typically brought on by long-term viral infections(hepatitis B and C),non-alcoholic steatohepatitis,excessive alcohol consumption,and other conditions that can cause the liver to become chronically inflamed and *** is a wellknown traditional remedy in China and Japan and has been used extensively to treat a variety of diseases,such as high fever,convulsions,and *** in lipid metabolism,cholesterol metabolism,bile acid metabolism,alcohol metabolism,and xenobiotic detoxification lead to fatty liver disease and liver ***,which is a tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediate,is vital to energy production and mitochondrial *** is also thought to be a signaling molecule in metabolism and in the development and spread of liver *** Wnt/β-catenin pathway is made up of a group of proteins that are essential for both adult tissue homeostasis and embryonic *** is frequently caused by the dysregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling *** HCC liver carcinogenesis,Wnt/β-catenin signaling is activated by the expression of downstream target *** between the liver and the gut exists via the portal vein,biliary tract,and systemic ***"gutliver axis"controls intestinal *** of the main factors contributing to the development,progression,and treatment resistance of HCC is the abnormal activation of the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling ***,understanding this pathway is essential to treating *** ingredients of CB,particularly oleanolic acid,ergosterol,and ursolic acid,have anti-p

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma MicroRNAs Wnt/β-catenin pathway Calculus bovis Apoptosis

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Targeting the RAS/RAF/MAPK pathway for cancer therapy: from mechanism to clinical studies

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 173-210页

作者： Md Entaz Bahar Hyun Joon Kim Deok Ryong Kim department of Biochemistry and Convergence medical sciences and institute of medical science Gyeongsang National UniversityCollege of MedicineJinjuSouth Korea department of Anatomy and Convergence medical sciences and institute of medical science Gyeongsang National UniversityCollege of MedicineJinjuSouth Korea

Metastatic dissemination of solid tumors,a leading cause of cancer-related mortality,underscores the urgent need for enhanced insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying metastasis,chemoresistance,and the mechanistic backgrounds of individuals whose cancers are prone to *** most prevalent signaling cascade governed by multi-kinase inhibitors is the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)pathway,encompassing the RAS–RAF–MAPK kinase(MEK)–extracellular signal-related kinase(ERK)*** kinase is a primary mediator of the MAPK pathway,responsible for the sequential activation of downstream targets,such as MEK and the transcription factor ERK,which control numerous cellular and physiological processes,including organism development,cell cycle control,cell proliferation and differentiation,cell survival,and *** in this signaling cascade are associated with diseases such as *** inhibitors(RAFi)combined with MEK blockers represent an FDAapproved therapeutic strategy for numerous RAF-mutant cancers,including melanoma,non-small cell lung carcinoma,and thyroid ***,the development of therapy resistance by cancer cells remains an important ***,an intracellular lysosome-dependent catabolic recycling process,plays a critical role in the development of RAFi resistance in ***,targeting RAF and autophagy could be novel treatment strategies for RAF-mutant *** this review,we delve deeper into the mechanistic insights surrounding RAF kinase signaling in tumorigenesis and ***,we explore and discuss the ongoing development of next-generation RAF inhibitors with enhanced therapeutic ***,this review sheds light on the functional interplay between RAF-targeted therapies and autophagy in cancer.

关键词： RAF insight mechanism

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Methane Emission from Rice Fields:Necessity for Molecular Approach for Mitigation

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Rice science 2024年第2期31卷 159-178页

作者： Sujeevan RAJENDRAN Hyeonseo PARK Jiyoung KIM Soon Ju PARK Dongjin SHIN Jong-Hee LEE Young Hun SONG Nam-Chon PAEK Chul Min KIM department of Horticulture Industry Wonkwang UniversityIksan 54538Korea Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Korea department of Southern Area Crop science National Institute of Crop ScienceMiryang 50424Korea department of Agricultural Biotechnology Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea department of Plant science Plant Genomics and Breeding InstituteResearch Institute of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

Anthropogenic methane emissions are a leading cause of the increase in global averagetemperatures,often referred to as global *** soils play a significant role in methaneproduction,where the anaerobic conditions promote the production of methane by *** fields contribute a considerable portion of agricultural methane emissions,as riceplants provide both factors that enhance and limit methane *** plants harbor both methaneproducingand methane-oxidizing *** from rice roots provide source for methaneproduction,while oxygen delivered from the root aerenchyma enhances methane *** haveshown that the diversity of these microorganisms depends on rice cultivars with some genes characterizedas harboring specific groups of microorganisms related to methane ***,there is still aneed for research to determine the balance between methane production and oxidation,as rice plantspossess the ability to regulate net methane *** agronomical practices,such as fertilizerand water management,have been employed to mitigate methane ***,studiescorrelating agronomic and chemical management of methane with productivity are ***,evidences for breeding low-methane-emitting rice varieties are scattered largely due to the absence ofcoordinated breeding *** has indicated that phenotypic characteristics,such as rootbiomass,shoot architecture,and aerenchyma,are highly correlated with methane *** reviewdiscusses available studies that involve the correlation between plant characteristics and *** emphasizes the necessity and importance of breeding low-methane-emitting rice varieties inaddition to existing agronomic,biological,and chemical *** review also delves into the idealphenotypic and physiological characteristics of low-methane-emitting rice and potential breeding techniques,drawing from studies conducted

关键词： methane emission rice breeding aerenchyma greenhouse gas radial oxygen loss

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The concept of gene therapy for glaucoma:the dream that has not come true yet

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 92-99页

作者： Robert Sulak Xiaonan Liu Adrian Smedowski department of physiology Faculty of Medical Sciences in KatowiceMedical University of Silesia in KatowiceKatowicePoland institute of Biotechnology HiLIFEUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland GlaucoTech Co. KatowicePoland

Gene therapies,despite of being a relatively new therapeutic approach,have a potential to become an important alternative to current treatment strategies in *** glaucoma is not considered a single gene disease,the identified goals of gene therapy would be rather to provide neuroprotection of retinal ganglion cells,especially,in intraocular-pressure-independent *** most commonly reported type of vector for gene delivery in glaucoma studies is adeno-associated virus serotype 2 that has a high tro pism to retinal ganglion cells,res ulting in long-term expression and low immunogenic *** gene thera py studies recruit inducible and genetic animal models of optic neuropathy,like DBA/2J mice model of high-tension glaucoma and the optic nerve *** gene therapy-based neuroprotection of retinal ganglion cells is targeting specific genes translating to growth factors(i.e.,brain derived neurotrophic factor,and its receptor TrkB),regulation of apoptosis and neurodegeneration(i.e.,Bcl-xl,Xiap,FAS system,nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyl transferase 2,Digit3 and Sarm1),immunomodulation(i.e.,Crry,C3 complement),modulation of neuroinflammation(i.e.,e rythropoietin),reduction of excitotoxicity(i.e.,Com KIlα)and transcription regulation(i.e.,Max,Nrf2).On the other hand,some of gene therapy studies focus on lowering intra ocular pressure,by impacting genes involved in both,decreasing aqueous humor production(i.e.,aquaporin 1),and increasing outflow facility(i.e.,COX2,prostaglandin F2a receptor,RhoA/RhoA kinase signaling pathway,MMP1,Myocilin).The goal of this review is to summarize the current stateof-art and the direction of development of gene therapy strategies for glaucomatous neuropathy.

关键词： adeno-associated virus gene editing gene therapy glaucoma IOP lowering IOP-independent mechanisms neuroprotection optic nerve optic neuropathy retinal ganglion cells

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第8期14卷 319-330页

作者： Priya Bhardwaj Swarnabha Sarkar Ritu Mishra department of Pharmacology All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi-110029India department of physiology All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi-110029India department of Zoology University of AllahabadPrayagrajUttar Pradesh-211002India

The recently re-emerged mpox(monkeypox)virus that causes mpox disease is a member of genus Orthopoxvirus and has unprecedentedly spread *** studies have contributed to our understanding of its evolution,pathophysiology,and clinical *** current outbreak of the mpox virus depicts its novel route of transmission as a new ***,the exact reason for its transition from an epidemic to a pandemic remains ***,other poxviruses such as vaccinia virus,variola virus,and cowpox virus,also belong to the same genus,*** the present review,our objective was to summarize the evidence on evolution,pathophysiology,and clinical manifestations of mpox virus and its related *** present review would aid in a better understanding of the current circulating mpox virus and its differences from other *** addition,the shared genetic factors contributing to virulence in these Orthopoxvirus highlight their evolutionary connections and genetic *** they exhibit differences in virulence,studying these genetic relationships is crucial for understanding their biology,pathogenicity,and the development of effective vaccines and antiviral therapeutics to curb mpox disease.

关键词： Evolution Mpox Orthopoxviruses Pathophysiology Poxviruses Transmission

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Serum tumor markers:Can they clinically implicate in type 2 diabetes mellitus?

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第7期15卷 1648-1650页

作者： Kotha Sugunakar Reddy Ilakkiya Priya Pandiaraj Archana Gaur Sakthivadivel Varatharajan department of General Medicine All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia department of physiology All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia

“Serum tumor markers expression(CA19-9,CA242,and CEA)and its clinical implications in type 2 diabetes mellitus”authored by Meng and Shi presents an observational case-control study investigating the correlation between tumor markers and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).The study explores the diagnostic accuracy of tumor markers,particularly cancer antigen 19-9(CA19-9),CA242,and carcinoembryonic antigen,in poorly controlled T2DM patients with hemoglobin A1c levels exceeding 9%,employing receiver operating characteristic curve *** study offers valuable insights into the potential utility of tumor markers in clinical practice,caution is advised regarding routine tumor marker testing due to challenges such as limited availability and ***,the study overlooks potential confounding factors like smoking and alcohol *** in CA19-9 and CA242 expression underscore the complex interplay between tumor markers and systemic diseases,warranting further investigation into their diagnostic and prognostic *** Meng and Shi represent a significant contribution to the field,more extensive research is needed to fully elucidate the role of tumor markers in diabetes management and beyond.

关键词： Cancer antigen 19-9 Cancer antigen 242 Carcinoembryonic antigen Tumor markers Type 2 diabetes mellitus

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Therapeutic effects of Coriandrum sativum extracts:A review

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第5期14卷 181-186页

作者： Akbar Anaeigoudari department of physiology School of MedicineJiroft University of Medical SciencesJiroftIran

Medicinal plants,as a good therapeutic strategy,can be used to treat a wide spectrum of *** sativum(***)is a plant from Apiaceae *** reports indicate that *** has positive effects on anxiety,seizure,learning and memory ability,as well as *** annual plant can also treat colitis,increase appetite,reduce blood pressure,and attenuate myocardial ***,it improves liver and kidney function and diabetes mellitus and inhibits osteoclast *** beneficial effects of *** mainly are attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory *** present paper reviews the impacts of *** on different body *** was extracted by searching the Web of science,PubMed,Scopus,and Google Scholar from January 2010 until the end of February 2024.

关键词： Coriandrum sativum Inflammation Antioxidant Oxidative stress Nervous system Liver

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Structural insights into AtABCG25,an angiosperm-specific abscisic acid exporter

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Plant Communications 2024年第1期5卷 284-295页

作者： Jian Xin Yeling Zhou Yichun Qiu He Geng Yuzhu Wang Yi Song Jiansheng Liang Kaige Yan department of Chemical Biology School of Life SciencesSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China institute of Plant and Food science Department of BiologySchool of Life SciencesSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Max Planck institute of Molecular Plant physiology Potsdam-GolmGermany institute for Biological Electron Microscopy Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdongChina

Cellular hormone homeostasis is essential for precise spatial and temporal signaling responses and *** acid(ABA)plays pivotal roles in orchestrating various developmental and stress re-sponses and confersfitness benefits over ecological and evolutionary timescales in terrestrial *** ABA level is regulated by complex processes,including biosynthesis,catabolism,and ***25 is thefirst ABA exporter identified through genetic screening and affects diverse ABA *** the structural basis of ABA export by ABCG25 is critical for further manipulations of ABA homeostasis and *** used cryo-electron microscopy to elucidate the structural dynamics of AtABCG25 and successfully characterized different states,including apo AtABCG25,ABA-bound AtABCG25,and ATP-bound AtABCG25(E232Q).Notably,AtABCG25 forms a homodimer that fea-tures a deep,slit-like cavity in the transmembrane domain,and we precisely characterized the critical residues in the cavity where ABA *** binding triggers closure of the nucleotide-binding domains and conformational transitions in the transmembrane *** show that AtABCG25 belongs to a conserved ABCG subfamily that originated during the evolution of *** subfamily neofunctionalized to regulate seed germination via the endosperm,in concert with the evolution of this angio-sperm-specific,embryo-nourishing ***,thesefindings provide valuable insights into the intricate substrate recognition and transport mechanisms of the ABA exporter AtABCG25,paving the way for genetic manipulation of ABA homeostasis and plantfitness.

关键词： AtABCG25 abscisic acid ABC transporters cryo-EM structure

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DDAH1 promotes neurogenesis and neural repair in cerebral ischemia

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第5期14卷 2097-2118页

作者： Qiming Gao Pinfei Ni Yilin Wang Peiyun Huo Xiaojie Zhang Sihan Wang Fuyao Xiao Yixuan Li Wei Feng Juntao Yuan Teng Zhang Qiang Li Boyu Fan Yuhao Kan Zhirui Li Yimiao Qi Junfei Xing Zhenghong Yang Haixiao Cheng Xinran Gao Xiaoyan Feng Ming Xue Yang Liu Yumin Luo Zhongbing Lu Yuming Zhao department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Cerebrovascular Diseases Research institute and department of Neurology Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China College of Life science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China department of Laboratory Animal School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China department of physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China

Choline acetyltransferase(ChAT)-positive neurons in neural stem cell(NSC)niches can evoke adult neurogenesis(AN)and restore impaired brain function after injury,such as acute ischemic stroke(AIS).However,the relevant mechanism by which ChAT+neurons develop in NSC niches is poorly *** RNA-seq analysis revealed that dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1(DDAH1),a hydrolase for asymmetric NG,NG-dimethylarginine(ADMA),regulated genes responsible for the synthesis and transportation of acetylcholine(ACh)(Chat,Slc5a7 and Slc18a3)after stroke *** dual-luciferase reporter assay further suggested that DDAH1 controlled the activity of ChAT,possibly through hypoxia-inducible factor 1α(HIF-1α).KC7F2,an inhibitor of HIF-1α,abolished DDAH1-induced ChAT expression and suppressed *** expected,DDAH1 was clinically elevated in the blood of AIS patients and was positively correlated with AIS *** comparing the results among Ddah1 general knockout(KO)mice,transgenic(TG)mice and wild-type(WT)mice,we discovered that DDAH1 upregulated the proliferation and neural differentiation of NSCs in the subgranular zone(SGZ)under ischemic *** a result,DDAH1 may promote cognitive and motor function recovery against stroke impairment,while these neuroprotective effects are dramatically suppressed by NSC conditional knockout of Ddah1 in mice.

关键词： DDAH1 Neurogenesis Neural repair ChAT HIF-1α ACh Stroke ADMA

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K^(+) channel-mediated retarded maturation of interneurons and its role in neurodevelopmental disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1403-1404页

作者： Kaizhen Li Daria Savitska Olga Garaschuk Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience Department of PhysiologyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland institute of physiology Department of NeurophysiologyEberhard Karls University of TübingenTübingenGermany

De novo mutations in genes encoding K^(+)channels are implicated in many severe neurodevelopmental ***,mutations in KCNA2,encoding the Shaker-type voltage-gated K^(+)channel Kv1.2,and KCNJ2,encoding the inwardly rectifying K^(+)channel Kir2.1,associate with focal and generalized epilepsies,brain atrophy,autism,ataxia and hereditary spastic paraplegia(Syrbe et al.,2015;Masnada et al.,2017;Cheng et al.,2021).

关键词： disorders atrophy

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