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The effects of aqueous extracts of Tetracarpidium conophorum seeds on the hormonal parameters of male guinea pigs

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第1期3卷 21-24页

作者： Obianime AW Uche FI department of Pharmacology University of Port Harcourt department of pharmacognosy and ethno therapy University of Port Harcourt

Objective:To investigate the effects of the aqueous extracts of the seeds of Tetracarpidium conophorum and the effect of Proviron(12.5 mg/kg)(as standard) on the hormonal parameters of male guinea pigs,compare the effects of the seeds of Tetracarpidium conophorum and Proviron,and screen the phytochemical constituents of the seeds of Tetracarpidium ***:The hormonal effects of the Tetracarpidium conophorum and Proviron were tested by hormonal assay,using enzyme immuno assay *** was done by reaction of antibody with serum testosterone and testosterone label,magnetic solid phase separation and colour development *** screening was done using standard procedures. Results:The aqueous extract of the Tetracarpidium conophorum seeds(100-400 mg/kg) caused a statistically significant increase(P<0.05,ANOVA) in the level of testosterone of male guinea pigs,from(2.60±0.06) ng/mL to(3.40±0.05) ng/mL,(3.00±0.60) ng/mL and(3.30±0.45) ng/mL on the 7th,14th and 21st day of the administration of the extracts,*** highest increase was obtained after the 7th day of treatment[(3.40±0.05) ng/mL].These effects were very comparable to the effects of Proviron on the testosterone of male guinea pigs,which were obtained to be(2.80±0.01) ng/mL,(2.90±0.16) ng/mL and(3.10±0.30) ng/mL on the 7th, 14th and 21st day,*** effects were dose-and *** optimum effect on testosterone level under dose-dependent study f(4.70±0.45) ng/mL]was obtained at 300 mg/kg of Tetracarpidium conophorum after 7 days ***,the phytochemical screening of the seeds of Tetracarpidium conophorum revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannin,alkaloids,carbohydrate,volatile oils,terpenoids,saponins and cardiac glycosides. Conclusion:This study supports the claims on the use of the seeds of this plant by traditional medicine practitioners as a fertility ***,further studies need to be done to isolate and characterize the active pri

关键词： Tetracarpidium conophorum Hormonal parameters Male guinea pigs

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The comparative effects of aqueous extract of Tetracarpidium conophorum seeds and Proviron on the sperm parameters of male guinea pigs

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第6期2卷 11-15页

作者： Obianime AW Uche FI department of Pharmacology University of Port HarcourtNigeria department of pharmacognosy and ethno therapy University of Port Harcourt Nigeria

Objective:To investigation the comparative effects of the aqueous extracts of the seeds of Tetracarpidium conophorum (***) and Proviron on the sperm parameters of male guinea pigs,and screen phytochemical constituents of the seeds of ***:The sperm count,motility and morphology of the male guinea pigs were done using Neubauer chamber(Haemocytometer),light microscope and dilute carbol Fuchsin(1:20) method,*** screening was done by standard ***: The aqueous extract of the *** seeds(100 -400 mg/kg) caused statistically significant increase (P < 0.05,ANOVA) in the sperm count and motility,from 67.7±2.10 and 56.5±2.40 to 78.0±3.5 and 75.0±2.8,*** highest effect was obtained at 300 mg/kg of *** this dose, the sperm count and motility of the male guinea pigs administered with *** were the same with the group administered 12.5 mg/kg *** values were 78.0±3.50 and 75.0±2.80,respectively for sperm count and motility(P <0.001,ANOVA).At 400 mg/kg,*** caused a slight decline in sperm count and *** effects were dose-dependent and comparable to the observed effects of Proviron (12.5 mg/kg) on sperm parameters of male guinea *** time-dependent study,the observed effect of T. conophorum(300 mg/kg) and Proviron on the values of sperm count and motility at 14th day were almost the *** values are 58.0±1.80 and 70.0±2.60,respectively for sperm motility and ***, on the 7th day of treatment,*** exhibited highest effect which was higher than that of Proviron. These effects decreased progressively from the 14th to the 28th *** Proviron showed the highest effect on the 28th *** effects were all time-dependent and statistically significant at P < 0.05(ANOVA).Finally, the phytochemical screening of the seeds of *** revealed the presence of flavonoids,tannins, alkaloids,terpenoids,carbohydrates,volatile oil

关键词： Tetracarpidium conophorum Sperm parameters Proviron Male guinea pigs Phytochemical screening

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New Myrsinol Diterpenes from Euphorbia prolifera

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2004年第1期22卷 103-108页

作者：张万金陈道峰侯爱君 department of pharmacognosy School of PharmacyFudan University

Four new myrsinol diterpenes, euphorprolitherins AD (13, 5), were isolated from the ethanolic extract of the root of Euphorbia prolifera, along with a knownone, SPr5 (4). The structures were elucidated on the basis of their spectroscopic evidences. The structure and relative stereochemistry of 1 were confirmed by X-ray crystallog-raphy.

关键词： Euphorbia prolifera Euphorbiaceae myrsinol diterpene euphorprolitherins A—D

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Flavonoids rather than alkaloids as the diagnostic constituents to distinguish Sophorae Flavescentis Radix from Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma: an HPLC fingerprint study

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2018年第12期16卷 951-960页

作者： DING Pei-Lan HE Chang-Ming CHENG Zhi-Hong CHEN Dao-Feng department of pharmacognosy School of Pharmacy Fudan University

Sophorae Flavescentis Radix(Sophora flavescens Ait., SFR) and Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma(S. tonkinensis Gapnep., STR) are two commonly used traditional Chinese medicines from Sophora(Leguminosae) plants, which are believed to possess similar bioactive components with entirely different clinical applications. In order to find out the characteristic chemical constituents potentially leading to the unique medicinal properties claimed for each of the two closely related TCMs, an HPLC fingerprint method was developed for analyses of the alkaloid and flavonoid constituents of SFR and STR, respectively, which were further evaluated and compared through similarity calculation and hierarchical clustering analysis(HCA). The results from the present study showed that the alkaloid fingerprints of the two herbs were similar, with many components co-existing in both drugs and various batches of samples from different species being mixed together in the HCA dendrogram. However, their flavonoid constituents were totally different with specific fingerprints being yielded for each herb, and further HCA analysis showed that the tested samples could almost be clearly divided into two groups based on their origins of species. The results from the present study indicated that the flavonoid constituents could serve as the differentially diagnostic constituents of SFR and STR and might potentially attributed to their distinct therapeutic effects.

关键词： Sophoraflavescens Sophora tonkinensis Alkaloids Flavonoids HPLC fingerprint Hierarchical clustering analysis

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Antiprotozoal assessment and phenolic acid profiling of five Fumaria(fumitory) species

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2015年第4期8卷 283-286页

作者： Ilkay Erdogan Orhan Nilgun Ozturk Bilge Sener department of pharmacognosy Faculty of PharmacyGazi University department of pharmacognosy Faculty of PharmacyAnadolu University

Objective:To explore some Fumaria species which were recorded to be traditionally used against malaria and other protozoal ***:Consequently,in the current study,antiprotozoal effect of the ethanol extracts obtained from five Fumaria species(Fumaria densiflora,Fumaria cilicica,Fumaria rostellata,Fumaria kralikii,and Fumaria parviflora)was investigated against the parasites;Plasmodium falciparum(malaria)and Trypanosoma bruceirhodesiense(human African trypanosomiasis)at 0.81 and 4.85μg/mL ***:Among them,Fumaria densiflora extract exerted the highest antiplasmodial(93.80%)and antitrypanasomal effect(55.40%),while the ethanol extracts of Fumaria kralikii(43.45%)and Fumaria rostellata(41.65%)showed moderate activity against Plasmodium ***,phenolic acid contents of the extracts were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and trans-cinnamic(4.32 mg/g)and caffeic(3.71 mg/g)acids were found to be the dominant phenolic acids in Fumaria ***:According to our results,Fumaria densiflora deserve further study for its promising antiprotozoal activity.

关键词： Fumaria Fumitory Antiprotozoal Malaria Trypanosomiasis Phenolic acid

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Flavonoid chemical composition and antidiabetic potential of Brachychiton acerifolius leaves extract

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第5期7卷 389-396页

作者： Aisha Hussein Abou Zeid Mohamed Ali Farag Manal Abdel Aziz Hamed Zeinab Abdel Aziz Kandil Radwa Hassan El-Akad Hanaa Mohamed El-Rafie pharmacognosy department National Research Centre pharmacognosy department College of PharmacyCairo University Therapeutic Chemistry department National Research Centre

Objective:To evaluate Brachychiton acerifolius leaf extracts as antidiabetic potential agent and to identify the main active constituents using bioactivity guided ***:In vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated for *** different extracts using DPPH assay and vitamin C as *** activity was then determined using STZ-induced rats treated daily with ethyl acetate and 70% ethanol leaf extracts for4 weeks at a dose of 200 g/kg body weight against gliclazide reference *** glucose,a-amylase,lipid profile,liver function enzymes and oxidative stress markers were assessed along with histopathological study for liver and pancreatic *** and structural elucidation of active compounds were made using Diaion and Sephadex followed by spectral ***:The results indicated that ethyl acetate and ethanol leaf extracts exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity compared to that of vitamin C(IC500.05,0.03 and 12 mg/m L,respectively).Both extracts showed potent anti-hyperglycemic activity evidenced by a significant decrease in serum glucose levels by 82.5% and 80.9% and a-amylase by45.2% and 53.6%,as compared with gliclazide 68% and 59.4%,*** of ethanol extract resulted in the isolation of 9 flavonoids including apigenin-7-O-arhamnosyl(1/2)-b-D-glucuronide,apigenin-7-O-b-D-glucuronide,apigenin-7-O-b-Dglucoside and ***:This study highlights the potential use of *** leaf extract enriched in flavones for the treatment of diabetes that would warrant further clinical trials investigation.

关键词： STZ-induced diabetes Diaion fractionation Flavonoid glucuronides Brachychiton acerifolius

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Effect of Yajieshaba,a preparation of Dai indigenous medicine,on enhanced liver detoxification

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2015年第2期35卷 197-205页

作者： Duan Xiaohua Zheng Jin Wang Hui Cheng Haifeng Zhang Chao Yu Zepu the Key Modern Research Laboratory for ethno-pharmacognosy of Yunnan Higher School Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

OBJECTIVE:To explore the mechanistic effects of Yajieshaba(YJSB) on enhanced liver ***:The effects of YJSB on alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) were assayed in five acute chemical liver injury models[carbon tetrachloride(CCU),D-galactosamine(D-Glan),4-acetamidophenol(AAP),thioacetamide(TAA) and 1-naphthyl isothiocyanate(ANIT)].Sleep latency and sleep time of pentobarbital sodium were tested in control mice and CCL model miceafter oral YJSB *** effects of YJSB on drug metabolism enzymes of liver microsomes were tested in control rats and CCI_4model *** levels of cytochrome P450(CYP450) and Cyt b5 in liver microsomes were assayed using the method by Omura and Sato,and activities of erythromycin N-demethylase(ERD)and aminopyrine N-demethyl(ADM) were evaluated by Nash *** substrate-based high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)methods were established for CYP3A4 and ***:The level of serum ALT was reduced by YJSB at 3.51 g/kg in the five models as follows:CCl_4 > D-Glan,AAP,ANIT > *** treatment did not reduce the level of serum *** at 3.51 g/kg prolonged the sleep latency in control mice and shortened the sleep time of control mice and CCl_4 model *** control rats,YJSB at 2.43 g/kg increased the levels of CYP450 and Cyt b5 and induced the activities of ERD and ADM;for liver injuries induced by CCI_4 in rats,YJSB at 2.43 g/kg increasedthe levels of CYP450 and Cyt *** results suggest that YJSB at 2.43 g/kg induces CYP3A4 and ***:These results suggest that YJSB enhanced liver detoxification and the mechanisms may be partially related to CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 induction.

关键词： Cytochrome P-450 enzyme system Chromatography high pressure liquid Liver detoxification Yajieshaba

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A New Bibenzyl Derivative from Dendrobium moniliforme

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2002年第6期13卷 535-536页

作者： Zhi Ming BI Li YANG Zheng Tao WANG Luo Shan XU Guo Jun XU department of pharmacognosy China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210038

A new bibenzyl derivative, 3,4-dihydroxy-4,5-dimethoxy bibenzyl, was isolated from a orchid Dendrobium moniliforme. The structure elucidation and 1H,13C NMR assignments were achieved by spectroscopic method.

关键词： Orchidaceae Dendrobium moniliforme 3,4-dihydroxy-4,5-dimethoxy bibenzyl.

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Cysteine proteases as therapeutic targets:does selectivity matter? A systematic review of calpain and cathepsin inhibitors

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2015年第6期5卷 506-519页

作者： Marton Siklos Manel Ben Aissa Gregory R.J.Thatcher department of Medicinal Chemistry and pharmacognosy University of Illinois College of Pharmacy

Cysteine proteases continue to provide validated targets for treatment of human *** neurodegenerative disorders,multiple cysteine proteases provide targets for enzyme inhibitors,notably caspases,calpains,and *** reactive,active-site cysteine provides specificity for many inhibitor designs over other families of proteases,such as aspartate and serine;however,a)inhibitor strategies often use covalent enzyme modification,and b)obtaining selectivity within families of cysteine proteases and their isozymes is *** review provides a general update on strategies for cysteine protease inhibitor design and a focus on cathepsin B and calpain 1 as drug targets for neurodegenerative disorders;the latter focus providing an interesting query for the contemporary assumptions that irreversible,covalent protein modification and low selectivity are anathema to therapeutic safety and efficacy.

关键词： Cysteine protease Calpain Cathepsin Enzyme inhibitors Neurodegeneration Alzheimer’s disease

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In vitro cholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant effect of selected coniferous tree species

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2015年第4期8卷 269-275页

作者： Fatma Sezer Senol Ilkay Erdogan Orhan Osman Ustun department of pharmacognosy Faculty of PharmacyGazi University

Objective:To explore cholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant effect of six coniferous trees(Abies bornmulleriana,Picea pungens,Juniperus communis,Cedrus libani,Taxus baccata,and Cupressus sempervirens ***).Methods:Acetone(Ace),ethyl acetate(EtOAc),and ethanol(EtOH)extracts prepared from the needles and shoots of the six coniferous trees were screened for their acetylcholinesterase(AChE)and butyrylcholinesterasc(BChE)inhibitory activity at 100μg/*** activity of the extracts was tested using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)and N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylendiamine(DMPD)radical scavenging,nietal-chelation capacity,ferric-(FRAP)and phosphomolibdenum-reducing antioxidant power(PRAP)*** of the assays were performed in ELISA microplate *** phenol and flavonoid amounts in the extracts were determined ***:Among thirty-six extracts in total,the shoot-Ace extract of Cupressus sempervirens *** exerted the highest inhibition against AChE[(54.84±2.51)%],while the needle-Ace extract of Cedrus libani was the most effective in inhibiting BChE[(67.54±0.30)%].The highest DPPH radical scavenging effect,FRAP and PRAP was observed in the shoot-Ace and EtOAc extracts from Taxus *** all the extracts showed a variable degree of scavenging effect against DPMD *** shoot-EtOAc extract of Cedrus libani had the highest metalchelation capacity[(58.04±0.70)%].The shoot extracts of Taxus baccata were determined to have the richest total phenol content,which may contribute to its marked antioxidant ***:The conifer species screened in this study may contain cholinesterase-inhibiting and antioxidant properties,which might be useful against Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Conifer Cholinesterase inhibition Antioxidant activity Alzheimer’s disease Total phenol and flavonoid

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