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Rare earth fluorescent nanoprobes with minimal side effects enable tumor microenvironment activation for chemotherapy

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第2期42卷 256-262,I0001页

作者： Tianqi Cao Yuxin Liu Qi Jia Xiaolu Wang Shouqiang Zhang Jing Zhou department of Chemistry Capital Normal UniversityBeijing100048China

Chemotherapy,the use of antitumor drugs to kill cancer cells,is currently one of the most effective treatments for ***,serious toxic side effects caused by long-term drug accumulation can cause significant damage to the body,which limits the clinical application of antitumor *** this study,a novel RENPs@DOX-Fe nanoprobe(NP) was constructed by coating the surface of rare earth nanomaterials(NaLuF_(4):Yb,Er) with a complex formed by doxorubicin(DOX) and iron ion(Ⅲ).Due to the low toxicity of anthracycline-metal complexes,the damage to normal cells is *** unique acidic microenvironment in tumor cells facilitates the decomposition and gradual release of DOX from the DOX-Fe *** addition,the DOX-Fe complex can convert near-infrared(NIR) light into heat energy,which promotes the decomposition of the complex,further enhancing the release of DOX in the tumor *** change of ratio fluorescence of rare earth nanomaterials at 660 and 1550 nm after DOX release enables visual monitoring of drug release,which can potentially improve the chemotherapeutic *** vitro experiments established that RENPs@DOX-Fe NPs with NIR illumination had good therapeutic efficacy in *** work provides new insights into designing tumor microenvironment-responsive nanoprobes for chemotherapy with minimal side effects.

关键词： Rare earth nanoprobes Fluorescence Ratiometric imaging DOX Chemotherapy

A bounding surface visco-plasticity model considering generalized spacing ratio of soils

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1832-1846页

作者： Xiaosen Kang Hongjian Liao Qiangbing Huang Jianbing Peng department of Geological Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China department of Civil Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China

The non-unique critical state of soils with time-dependent behaviors is a significant issue in geotechnical engineering ***,previous bounding surface plasticity models cannot predict accurately the non-unique critical state of soils,because the distance between the compression line and critical state line charged by strain-rate effect is basically *** fill this gap,a generalized spacing ratio of soils is defined in the elasto-viscoplastic framework,and a bounding surface visco-plasticity model is formulated and verified,which can consider the generalized spacing ***,the generalized spacing ratio of soils reflects the distance between the compression line and the critical state line of soils with time-dependent ***,the generalized spacing ratio is introduced into an improved anisotropic bounding surface.A new expression of the visco-plastic multiplier is derived by solving the consistency equation of an anisotropic bounding *** the expression,a strain rate index is proposed to account for the strain-rate effect on visco-plastic strain increment,and a visco-plastic hardening modulus is derived to predict the visco-plastic response of soils in overconsolidation *** model is then verified through constant strain rate tests and creep ***,it can capture the non-unique critical states of soils with time-dependent behaviors due to the generalized spacing ratio and the creep rupture of soils due to the visco-plastic multiplier that considers the stress ratio and visco-plastic strain rate.

关键词： Soil Constitutive model Visco-plastic behavior Strain rate Creep Anisotropic

Monolithic integrated optoelectronic chip for vector force detection

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 245-257页

作者： Jiansong Feng Zhongqi Wang Mengyuan Zhanghu Xu Zhang Yong Shen Jing Yang Zhibin Li Bin Chen Taihong Wang Xiaolong Chen Zhaojun Liu department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Sensors with a small footprint and real-time detection capabilities are crucial in robotic surgery and smart wearable *** device footprint while maintaining its high performance is a major challenge and a significant limitation to their ***,we proposed a monolithic integrated micro-scale sensor,which can be used for vector force *** sensor combines an optical source,four photodetectors,and a hemispherical silicone elastomer component on the same sapphire-based AlGaInP *** chip-scale optical coupling is achieved by employing the laser lift-off techniques and the flip-chip bonding to a processed sapphire *** hemispherical structure device can detect normal and shear forces as low as 1mN within a measurement range of 0–220 mN for normal force and 0–15 mN for shear *** packaging,the sensor is capable of detecting forces over a broader range,with measurement capabilities extending up to 10 N for normal forces and 0.2 N for shear *** has an accuracy of detecting a minimum normal force of 25 mN and a minimum shear force of 20 ***,this sensor has been validated to have a compact footprint of approximately 1.5 mm^(2),while maintaining high real-time *** also demonstrate its promising potential by combining this sensor with fine surface texture perception in the fields of compact medical robot interaction and wearable devices.

关键词： robot force smart

Characterization and Analysis of Inconel 718 Alloy Ground at Different Speeds

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第2期37卷 137-149页

作者： Hao Liu Huili Han Qinghong Jiang Minglin He Bi Zhang department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China department of Mechanical Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

Inconel 718(IN718)alloy is widely applied to fabricate high temperature resistant or corrosion resistant parts due to its excellent mechanical ***,the machining of IN718 alloy is difficult as it may cause serious tool wear and poor surface quality(SQ)of the *** this work,grinding experiments on IN718 alloy at different speeds were conducted by using a CBN grinding *** relationship between grinding speed,SQ and subsurface damage(SSD)was well *** increasing grinding speed,surface roughness decreased,and SQ was greatly ***,the microhardness of the grinding surface declined as the grinding speed *** SSD depth was almost unchanged when the grinding speed was lower than 15 m/s,then it decreased with higher grinding *** was attributed to the mechanical-thermal synergistic effect in the grinding *** results indicated that increasing grinding speed can effectively improve the SQ and reduce the SSD of IN718 *** conclusion in the work may also provide insight into processing other hard-to-machining materials.

关键词： surface integrity Grinding speed IN718 alloy Precision machining CBN grinding wheel

金红石氧化物薄膜中洛伦兹力诱导的反对称面内霍尔效应（英文）

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Science Bulletin 2024年第15期 2362-2369页

作者：崔永伟李兆晴陈浩然吴蕴卓陈越裴科吴同谢念车仁超丘学鹏刘翌袁喆吴义政 department of Physics State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics Fudan University Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing Fudan University Interdisciplinary Center for Theoretical Physics and Information Sciences Fudan University Center for Advanced Quantum Studies and department of Physics Beijing Normal University Laboratory of Advanced Materials Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Academy for Engineering & Technology Fudan University Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology School of Physics Science and Engineering Tongji University Zhejiang Laboratory Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metasurfaces for Light Manipulation Fudan University

The conventional Hall effect is linearly proportional to the field component or magnetization component perpendicular to a film. Despite the increasing theoretical proposals on the Hall effect to the in-plane field or magnetization in various special systems induced by the Berry curvature, such an unconventional Hall effect has only been experimentally reported in Weyl semimetals and in a heterodimensional superlattice. Here, we report an unambiguous experimental observation of the antisymmetric planar Hall effect（APHE） with respect to the in-plane magnetic field in centrosymmetric rutile RuO2and IrO2single-crystal films. The measured Hall resistivity is found to be linearly proportional to the component of the applied in-plane magnetic field along a particular crystal axis and to be independent of the current direction or temperature. Both the experimental observations and theoretical calculations confirm that the APHE in rutile oxide films is induced by the Lorentz force. Our findings can be generalized to ferromagnetic materials for the discovery of anomalous Hall effects and quantum anomalous Hall effects induced by in-plane magnetization. In addition to significantly expanding knowledge of the Hall effect, this work opens the door to explore new members in the Hall effect family.

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Global multifaceted biodiversity patterns,centers,and conservation needs in angiosperms

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 817-828页

作者： Ao Luo Yaoqi Li Nawal Shrestha Xiaoting Xu Xiangyan Su Yichao Li Tong Lyu Kilara Waris Zhiyao Tang Xiaojuan Liu Luxiang Lin Yongsheng Chen Kuiling Zu Wenqi Song Shijia Peng Niklaus E.Zimmermann Loïc Pellissier Zhiheng Wang Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth surface Processes of the Ministry of Education College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China department of Health and Environmental Sciences Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems College of EcologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education College of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100035China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL Birmensdorf 8903Switzerland department of Environmental Systems Science ETH ZürichZürich 8092Switzerland

The Convention on Biological Diversity seeks to conserve at least 30%of global land and water areas by 2030,which is a challenge but also an opportunity to better preserve biodiversity,including flowering plants(angiosperms).Herein,we compiled a large database on distributions of over 300,000 angiosperm species and the key functional traits of 67,024 *** this database,we constructed biodiversity-environment models to predict global patterns of taxonomic,phylogenetic,and functional diversity in terrestrial angiosperms and provide a comprehensive mapping of the three diversity *** further evaluated the current protection status of the biodiversity centers of these diversity *** results showed that geographical patterns of the three facets of plant diversity exhibited substantial spatial mismatches and nonoverlapping conservation *** centers of functional diversity,particularly of herbaceous species,were primarily distributed in temperate regions and under weaker protection compared with other biodiversity centers of taxonomic and phylogenetic *** global assessment of multifaceted biodiversity patterns and centers highlights the insufficiency and unbalanced conservation among the three diversity facets and the two growth forms(woody ***),thus providing directions for guiding the future conservation of global plant diversity.

关键词： angiosperms species richness phylogenetic diversity functional diversity plant traits woody species herbaceous species

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Unique genes carried by abundant species enhance CH_(4) emissions during the growing season at the Tibetan Plateau

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第2期6卷 83-95页

作者： Yue Liang Liyuan He Jieying Wang Yanfang Liu Wenying Wang Chengjie Ren Jun Wang Yaoxin Guo Ninglian Wang Fazhu Zhao Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity Northwest UniversityXi’an710127China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Northwest UniversityXi’an710127China department of Biology San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA92182USA Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Formation Mechanism and Comprehensive Utilization in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau School of Life SciencesQinghai Normal UniversityXining810008China College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling712100China The College of Life Sciences Northwest UniversityXi’an710072China Carbon Neutrality College (Yulin) Northwest UniversityXi’an710127China

CH_(4) emission rates followed an increased pattern during the growing season at Tibetan Plateau.•Unique genes carried by abundant species were positively correlated with CH_(4) emission rates.•Climate factors influenced CH_(4) emission rates by regulating microbial community and their *** play pivotal roles in soil methane(CH_(4))emissions and their functional genes are origins of a key mechanism for soil ***,understanding of the roles of specific genes(e.g.,unique or shared genes carried by species)underlying CH_(4)-cycling remains ***,we measured CH_(4) emission rates and investigated variations in microbial community and the abundance of genes carried by species during the growing season in alpine meadow on the Tibetan *** discovered that CH_(4) emission rates increased from 394.4,745.9,and 1092.7µg CH4 m−2 h−1,in April,June,and August,respectively,and had a positive correlation with unique genes carried by abundant species during the growing ***,we found that unique genes carried by abundant species involved in methanogenesis processes have a higher abundance than methanotrophic *** analysis indicated that climate factors(i.e.,mean monthly temperature(MMT)and mean monthly precipitation(MMP))influenced microbial community and their functional genes,and therefore affected the CH_(4) emission ***,the present study provides a novel insight into the variation of soil CH4 emissions from a functional gene perspective,highlighting the important roles of unique genes carried by abundant species in CH4 emissions in the Tibetan Plateau under seasonal variation.

关键词： soil CH_(4) emissions unique genes abundant species CH_(4)-cycling growing season

Doping engineering of iron oxide nanoparticles towards high performance and biocompatible T_(1)-weighted MRI contrast agents

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 298-308页

作者： Xue Xu Ping-Li Dong Yu-Yun Chai Run Yang Zhen-Hui Ma Chi-Chong Lu department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringBeijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China department of Physics Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China

Extremely small-sized iron oxide nanoparticles(IONPs) are of great interest in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) due to their biosafety as an alternative to clinical gadolinium(Ⅲ) complexes-based contrast *** when the particle size is less than 10 nm,it has strong diffusion ability and deep penetration distance in tumor *** doping can significantly enhance the T_(1)contrast effect of nanoparticles by regulating the surface exposed ***,the nucleation and growth processes of multi-component synthesis systems are complex and difficult to be accurately controlled,leading to great challenges in the synthesis of ultra-small-sized nanoparticles with different components and ***,extremely smallsized superparamagnetic gadolinium-doped iron oxide nanoparticles(GdIONPs,Gd_(x)Fe_(3-x)O_(4) NPs) with adjustable doping amount and controllable size in the range of 3.5-7.5 nm were synthesized by thermal ***,as-synthesized GdIONPs were surface modified with a highly water-soluble and biocompatible carboxyl-polyethylene glycol-phosphoric acid ligand with high binding ***_(0.65)Fe_(2.35)O_(4) NPs exhibited very high r_(1) relaxivity of 10.6 mmol^(-1)·L·s^(-1) in terms of all metal concentrations and 49.0 mmol^(-1)·L·s^(-1) in terms of gadolinium alone,respectively,3 and 14 times higher than clinical T_(1) contrast agents(Gd-DTPA).GdIONPs can continuously obtain high resolution images of blood vessels,and can be used as an efficient and multifunctional contrast agent for MR T_(1)*** stable and efficient doping strategy provides an easy and effective method to individually optimize the magnetic properties of complex oxides and their relaxation effects for a variety of biomedical applications.

关键词： Iron oxide nanoparticles Small size Magnetic resonance imaging Substitutional doping Gd dopant

Effects of surface energy and substrate on modulus determination of biological films by conical indentation

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1757-1764页

作者： DING Yue LI Cheng-Ya NIU XinRui WANG Gang-Feng department of Engineering Mechanics SVLXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR999077China

Micro-/nano-indentation has become prevalent in evaluating the mechanical characteristics of biological samples,such as cells and ***,the existing contact models describing conical indentation ignore the joint effects of surface energy and substrate,and consequently cannot accurately extract the Young's modulus of biological samples deposited on *** finite element methods,we examine the conical indentation of biological films on substrates while taking surface energy into *** on the dimensional analysis,the explicit relationship between load and indentation depth is achieved for films with their moduli varying from 0.001 to 100 times that of the *** the classical Sneddon's model was employed to analyze the load-depth data,the measured modulus could reach 18 times the real modulus for films on harder substrates,but only 4%of the real modulus for films on softer ***,in micro-/nano-indentations,neglecting the contribution of surface energy would result in an overestimation of the Young's modulus of films depending on the contact *** analytical expression provided here can be utilized to precisely deduce the mechanical characteristics of biological films deposited on substrate from the load and indentation depth data of a conical indentation.

关键词： biological film surface effect substrate effect indentation