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World Journal of otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery 2020年第S1期6卷 S2-S5页

作者： Kai Xu Xiaoquan Lai Zheng Liu department of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China department of Nosocomial Infection Management Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China

The epidemic of the Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19)has presented as a grim and complex situation recently.More than 77,000 cases of COVID-19 has been confirmed in China until February 25th,2020,which are causing great impact on economy and society,as well as seriously interfering with ordinary medical practice in the department of otorhinolar-yngology head and neck surgery.This article discussed medical precautions required in the clinic,inpatient ward and operation room of otorhinolaryngology head and neck department,which aims to protect health care workers from COVID-19.

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019 SARS-CoV-2 Viral pneumonia Precautions Suggestion

Incidence and prognosis of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain infection in China:A national multicenter survey of 35,566 individuals

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World Journal of otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery 2024年第2期10卷 113-120页

作者： Meng-Fan Liu Rui-Xia Ma Xian-Bao Cao Hua Zhang Shui-Hong Zhou Wei-Hong Jiang Yan Jiang Jing-Wu Sun Qin-Tai Yang Xue-Zhong Li Ya-Nan Sun Li Shi Min Wang Xi-Cheng Song Fu-Quan Chen Xiao-Shu Zhang Hong-Quan Wei Shao-Qing Yu Dong-Dong Zhu Luo Ba Zhi-Wei Cao Xu-Ping Xiao Xin Wei Zhi-Hong Lin Feng-Hong Chen Chun-Guang Shan Guang-Ke Wang Jing Ye Shen-Hong Qu Chang-Qing Zhao Zhen-Lin Wang Hua-Bin Li Feng Liu Xiao-Bo Cui Sheng-Nan Ye Zheng Liu Yu Xu Xiao Cai Wei Huang Ru-Xin Zhang Yu-Lin Zhao Guo-Dong Yu Guang-Gang Shi Mei-Ping Lu Yang Shen Yu-Tong Zhao Jia-Hong Pei Shao-Bing Xie Long-Gang Yu Ye-Hai Liu Shao-Wei Gu Yu-Cheng Yang Lei Cheng Jian-Feng liu Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine BeijingChina department of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina department of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery The First People's Hospital of YinchuanYinchuanChina department of otorhinolaryngology The First People's Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunmingChina department of otorhinolaryngology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina department of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina department of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery Xiangya Hospital Central South UniversityChangshaChina department of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina department of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCHefeiChina department of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina department of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina department of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina department of Otolaryngology The Second Hospital of Shandong UniversityShandong UniversityJinanChina department of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery Peking University People's HospitalBeijingChina department of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery Yantai Yuhuangding HospitalQingdao UniversityYantaiChina department of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery Xijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention LanzhouChina department of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina department of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery Tongji Hospit

Objective:This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the epidemiology of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to COVID-19 in China.Methods:This study was conducted by 45 tertiary Grade-A hospitals in China.Online and offline questionnaire data were obtained from patients infected with COVID-19 between December 28,2022,and February 21,2023.The collected information included basic demographics,medical history,smoking and drinking history,vaccination history,changes in olfactory and gustatory functions before and after infection,and other postinfection symptoms,as well as the duration and improvement status of olfactory and gustatory disorders.Results:Complete questionnaires were obtained from 35,566 subjects.The overall incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunction was 67.75%.Being female or being a cigarette smoker increased the likelihood of developing olfactory and taste dysfunction.Having received four doses of the vaccine or having good oral health or being a alcohol drinker decreased the risk of such dysfunction.Before infection,the average olfactory and taste VAS scores were 8.41 and 8.51,respectively;after infection,they decreased to 3.69 and 4.29 and recovered to 5.83 and 6.55 by the time of the survey.The median duration of dysosmia and dysgeusia was 15 and 12 days,respectively,with 0.5%of patients having symptoms lasting for more than 28 days.The overall self-reported improvement rate was 59.16%.Recovery was higher in males,never smokers,those who received two or three vaccine doses,and those that had never experienced dental health issues,or chronic accompanying symptoms.Conclusions:The incidence of dysosmia and dysgeusia following infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus is high in China.Incidence and prognosis are influenced by several factors,including sex,SARS-CoV-2 vaccination,history of head-facial trauma,nasal and oral health status,smoking and drinking history,and the persistence of accompanying symptoms.

关键词： epidemiologic studies incidence olfactory disorders prognosis SARS-CoV-2 taste disorders

Injury and protection of spiral ganglion neurons

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第6期137卷 651-656页

作者： Beilei Duan Kevin A.Peng Line Wang department of otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryBeijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050China department of Neurotology House ClinicLos AngelesCA 90017USA

Cochlear spiral ganglion neurons(SGNs)are bipolar ganglion cells and are the first neurons in the auditory transduction pathway.They transmit complex acoustic information from hair cells to second-order sensory neurons in the cochlear nucleus for sound processing.Injury to SGNs causes largely irreversible hearing impairment because these neurons are highly differentiated cells and cannot regenerate,making treatment of sensorineural hearing loss(SNHL)arising from SGN injury difficult.When exposed to ototoxic drugs or damaging levels of noise or when there is loss of neurotrophic factors(NTFs),aging,and presence of other factors,SGNs can be irreversibly damaged,resulting in SNHL.It has been found that NTFs and stem cells can induce regeneration among dead spiral ganglion cells.In this paper,we summarized the present knowledge regarding injury,protection,and regeneration of SGNs.

关键词： Spiral ganglion Injury Protection Auditory hair cell Ototoxic drugs Aminoglycosides Presbycusis

Assessment of laryngologists'ratings on physician review websites

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World Journal of otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery 2024年第1期10卷 1-6页

作者： Meleeka Akbarpour Karen Tawk Madelyn Frank Alizah S.Gomez Navid Mostaghni Mehdi Abouzari department of Otolaryngology-head and neck surgery University of CaliforniaIrvineUSA

Objective:To assess and characterize online ratings and comments on laryngologists and determine factors that correlate with higher ratings.Methods:All the American Laryngological Association(ALA)members were queried across several online platforms.Ratings were normalized for comparison on a five-point Likert scale.Ratings were categorized based on context and for positive/negative aspects.Results:Of the 331 ALA members,256(77%)were rated on at least one online platform.Across all platforms,the average overall rating was 4.39±0.61(range:1.00-5.00).Specific positive ratings including“bedside manners,”“diagnostic accuracy,”“adequate time spent with patient,”“appropriate follow-up,”and“physician timeliness”had significant positive correlations to overall ratings,by Pearson's correlation(P<0.001).Long wait times had significant negative correlations to overall ratings(P<0.001).Conclusion:Online ratings and comments for laryngologists are significantly influenced by patient perceptions of bedside manner,physician competence,and time spent with the patient.

关键词： laryngologist online rating patient rating physician review website

Effect of drug therapies on self-reported chemosensory outcomes after COVID-19

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World Journal of otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery 2024年第2期10卷 88-96页

作者： Marco A.Fornazieri Bruno M.Cunha Samuel P.Nicácio Lucas K.Anzolin JoséL.B.da Silva Aristides Fernandes Neto Deusdedit Brandão Neto Richard L.Voegels Fábio D.R.Pinna department of surgery Londrina State UniversityLondrinaBrazil department of Medicine Pontifical Catholic University of ParanáLondrinaBrazil department of otorhinolaryngology University of São PauloSao PauloBrazil department of otorhinolaryngology:head and neck surgery Perelman School of MedicineSmell and Taste CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA

Objective:The aim of this study was to assess the relative efficacy of medications used following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)infection on self-reported alterations in taste and/or smell function.Methods:Seven hundred and fourteen persons with self-reported postcoronavirus disease 2019(post-COVID-19)chemosensory disorders were personally interviewed regarding specific medications they were administered following the acute phase of the disease.The dependent measure—self-reported total recovery of chemosensory symptoms—was subjected to stepwise logistic regression.Independent predictors included demographic and clinical variables,in addition to specific medications used to mitigate disease symptoms(i.e.,systemic corticosteroids,oseltamivir,vitamin C,ibuprofen,hydroxychloroquine,azithromycin,ivermectin,nitazoxanide,anticoagulants,and zinc).Results:The median time between COVID-19 symptom onset and the interviews was 81 days(interquartile range:60-104).Of the 714 subjects,249(34.9%)reported total recovery of their chemosensory function;437(61.2%)had at least one treatment since the beginning of the disease.Women and those with more comorbidities had undergone more treatments.The recovery rates of the treated and nontreated groups did not differ significantly.Nonetheless,respondents who had used nitazoxanide tended to have a higher rate of self-reported taste or smell recovery.Those who took oral zinc were less likely to improve.Conclusions:No medication employed during the first months after SARS-CoV-2 infection had a clear positive effect on returning self-reported smell or taste function to normal,although nitrazoxide trended in a positive direction.Oral zinc had a negative effect on the reported recovery of these senses.

关键词： chemosensory disorder coronavirus infections COVID-19 drug therapy SARS-CoV-2 smell loss taste loss

Construction of a novel six-gene signature to predict tumour response to induction chemotherapy and overall survival in locoregionally advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 148-150页

作者： Chen Tan Lingwa Wang Yifan Yang Shizhi He George G.Chen Jason YK.Chan Michael CF.Tong C.A.van Hasselt Wenbin Xu Ling Feng Ru Wang Jugao Fang department of Otolaryngology head and neck surgery Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100730China Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology head and neck surgery(Ministry of Education of China) Beijing Institute of OtolaryngologyBeijing 100730China department of otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHongKong SAR999077China department of Medical Genetics Institute of Basic Medical ScienceChinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollageBeijing 100730China

Locoregionally advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers(LA-LHCs)are traditionally treated with surgery followed by postoperative radiotherapy,which impairs speech and swallowing functions and reduces the quality of life.^(1,2)The use of induction chemotherapy(IC)as a larynxpreserving approach for LA-LHCs has been verified and refined.^(3)However,the short-term tumor response to IC varies,non-responders usually show poor survival and little benefit.

关键词： chemotherapy laryngeal surgery

The use of Montgomery salivary bypass tubes and pharyngocutaneous fistula following salvage laryngectomy

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World Journal of otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery 2024年第1期10卷 43-48页

作者： Courtney B.Shires Mackenzie Latour Merry Sebelik Karuna Dewan West Cancer Center GermantownTennesseeUSA department of Otolaryngology-head and neck surgery Louisiana State University Health ShreveportShreveportLouisianaUSA department of Otolaryngology-head and neck surgery Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA

Objectives:Pharyngocutaneous fistula(PCF)is the most common complication to follow total laryngectomy(TL)and is associated with increases in length of hospital stay and with a need for revision surgery or readmission,as well as with delays in return to oral diet.Patients who require salvageTL(STL)or primary(chemo)radiation therapy are at higher risk for developing PCF.Due to the quality‐of‐life burden of PCF on patients,limiting this occurrence is crucial.Methods:We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing STL with placement of Montgomery salivary bypass tube(MSBT)^(TM)for at least 2 weeks duration between 2013 and 2017 at a single institution.Our patients all underwent free flap reconstruction.Our primary outcome of interest was development of PCF.Secondary outcomes included demographics,previous treatment,base of tongue(BOT)involvement,extent of defect,concurrent neck dissection(ND),and margin status.Univariateχ^(2) analysis was used to evaluate factors associated with PCF.Results:Forty‐four patients underwent STL with Montgomery tube placement and free flap reconstruction.Eight developed PCF(18.2%).The average age was 61.6 years;36 patients were male(81.8%),whereas eight patients were female(18.2%).There was no association between PCF and previous chemoradiation versus radiation(15.8%vs.33.3%,P<0.30),BOT involvement versus not(11.1 vs.22.2%,P<0.38),circumferential versus partial defect(18.8%vs.17.9%,P<0.94),ND versus none(10%vs.25%,P<0.20),or margin status.Conclusion:PCF complicated 18.2%of STL cases at our institution and was not associated with differences in primary treatment modality,presence of concomitant ND,extent of pharyngeal defect,BOT involvement,or positive frozen or permanent surgical margin.

关键词： free flap reconstruction Montgomery pharyngocutaneous fistula salivary bypass tube salvage total laryngectomy total laryngectomy

Effect of Quercetin on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma HEN1 Cells

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2008年第3期28卷 369-372页

作者：张峰崔永华曹平平 department of otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology

The effect of quercetin （Que） on proliferation and apoptosis of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma HEN1 cells was investigated. Inhibition rate of quercetin on HEN1 was assayed by MTT method, apoptosis by flow cytometry （FCM）, and the caspase-3 expression of each group by colorimetry set respectively. Quercetin inhibited HEN1 cells in in a dose-（r=0.709, P〈0.01） and time-dependent manner （r=0.703, P〈0.01）. The ratio of apoptotic and necrosis cells was increased in the cells treated with quercetin. Cell cycle was specificly arrested in G2/M phase. Apoptosis cusp was revealed by FCM. The activity of caspase-3 was significantly up-regulated in 5 groups treated with quecetin as compared with control group （P〈0.05）. It was concluded that the growth inhibition of quercetin was highly related to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma HEN 1 cells.

关键词： quercetin HEN1 cells apoptosis cell cycle caspase-3

The application of the strip-shaped cymba conchae orthosis in the nonsurgical correction of complex auricular deformity

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Journal of Otology 2024年第1期19卷 24-29页

作者： Huijuan Xu Shaoguang Ding Fei Zhang Zhifeng Zhang Xiangyu Chen Mingyang Li Haitao Yang Fugen Han Hongjian Liu department of Otolaryngology head and neck surgery People’s Hospital of Henan UniversityHenan Provincial People’s HospitalZhengzhouChina department of Otolaryngology head and neck surgery Henan Provincial People’s HospitalPeople’s Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityPeople’s Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhouChina department of Otolaryngology head and neck surgery Henan Children’s HospitalZhengzhouChina department of Otolaryngology head and neck surgery The Third People’s Hospital of ZhengzhouZhengzhouChina Zheng Dong Mihuan Clinic ZhengzhouChina

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of using a strip-shaped cymba conchae orthosis for the nonsurgical correction of complex auricular deformities. Methods: Clinical data were collected from 2020 to 2021 for 6 patients who underwent correction using a stripshaped cymba conchae orthosis. The indications, corrective effects, and complications associated with use of the orthosis were analyzed. Results: There were four indications for treatment: cryptotia with helix adhesion;cryptotia with grade I microtia;cryptotia with excessive helix thickness;and auricular deformity beyond the treatment time window(≥6 months). Excellent corrective effects were observed in all 6 patients. Complications occurred in one patient, who recovered after symptomatic treatment. Conclusion: The use of a strip-shaped cymba conchae orthosis alone or combined with a U-shaped helix orthosis presents a feasible approach for correcting complex auricular deformities or deformities beyond the treatment time window in pediatric patients.

关键词： Cymba conchae Auricular deformity Cryptotia Nonsurgical correction Orthosis

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World Journal of otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery 2024年第2期10卷 97-104页

作者： Mihai A.Bentan Evan R.Reiter Richard M.Costanzo Daniel H.Coelho department of Otolaryngology-head&neck surgery Virginia Commonwealth University School of MedicineRichmondVirginiaUSA

Objective:The aim of this study was to review findings from a large prospective national database of chemosensory disturbances associated with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)infection.Data Sources:The Virginia Commonwealth University Smell and Taste Center national database of COVID-19 chemosensory disturbances.Methods:A series of online surveys,first opened on April 10,2020,was made accessible nationwide to any adult with sudden chemosensory dysfunction since January 2020.Participants received subsequent follow-up surveys 14 days,1 month,3 months,and 6 months after enrollment.An additional survey was sent to all participants on May 28,2022 to assess long-term outcomes.Information pertaining to demographics,symptoms,comorbidities,treatments,and life impact was collected.Results:Of 363 participants who reported complete smell recovery,51.2%recovered within 1 month,70%within 3 months,and 79%within 6 months,while 8.8%took over 1 year to completely recover.Among all participants,7.5%had no smell recovery.Positive predictors of recovery included agehead injury.Many participants reported a decrease in quality of life and the presence of potential safety hazards associated with decreased smell loss.Conclusions:Most subjects with COVID-19-related chemosensory dysfunction recover,with the majority noting complete recovery within weeks of infection.Those aged over 40 years and female gender were associated with lower rates of recovery.A considerable number of participants reported significant impact on quality of life and safety.

关键词： anosmia COVID-19 smell