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Safety and outcomes of cochlear implantation in the elderly:A review of recent literature

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Journal of Otology 2016年第1期11卷 1-6页

作者： Zao Yang Maura Cosetti department of Otolaryngology-head and neck surgery Louisiana State University Health

Global demographic changes related to longevity are leading to increasing numbers of the elderly, for whom hearing loss is a significant cause of morbidity and disability. Once met with reticence, severely hearing impaired older adults are increasingly being considered for cochlear implantation (CI). Significant data indicate that CI in the elderly population is safe, well-tolerated, and effective. Risks from CI surgery and anesthesia are low and generally comparable to rates in other age groups. Outcomes studies regarding CI in older adults have shown excellent improvements to speech perception, quality of life, and even cognition. Overall, currently available data suggests that advanced age should not, in itself, be considered a barrier to implantation. This review paper will highlight selected articles from recent medical literature regarding the safety and efficacy of CI in the elderly population. Copyright ? 2016, PLA General Hospital department of Otolaryngology head and neck surgery. Production and hosting by Elsevier (Singapore) Pte Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Cochlear implants Elderly Hearing loss Safety Efficacy

Subperiosteal orbital hematoma concomitant with abscess in a patient with sinusitis:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第28期10卷 10326-10331页

作者： Xi-Hao Hu Chi Zhang Yu-Ke Dong Tie-Chuan Cong department of Otolaryngology-head&neck surgery Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China department of Otolaryngology-head&neck surgery Zhengzhou Central HospitalZhengzhou 450007Henan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Sinusitis-derived subperiosteal orbital collection is uncommon and is usually diagnosed as subperiosteal orbital abscess or,rarely,as *** report a unique and even rarer case of subperiosteal orbital collection,which is actually a complication of hematoma and *** SUMMARY A 26-year-old female presented with left eyeball pain and ipsilateral *** had no history of head trauma or upper respiratory *** blood cell count showed an increase in *** rhinolaryngoscopy revealed only mucosal edema of the left olfactory crest without apparent *** computed tomography scan results showed an opaque left posterior ethmoid cell with a thickened bony shell and fusiform changes in the periosteal elevation of the medial wall of the left *** surgery revealed an ethmoid mucocele complicated with subperiosteal orbital hematoma and *** pathology of the lamina papyracea between the mucocele and subperiosteal collection was necrotic,and the overlying mucosa was *** Subperiosteal orbital hematoma with abscess in a patient with sinusitis adds to the current knowledge of orbital complications of sinusitis.

关键词： Subperiosteal orbital hematoma Abscess Sinusitis Mucocele surgery Case report

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss-A contemporary review of management issues

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Journal of Otology 2020年第2期15卷 67-73页

作者： Anup Singh David Victor Kumar Irugu department of Otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery Medanta-the MedicityGurugramHaryanaIndia department of Otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL)is an enigmatic entity,with obscure pathophysiology and debatable efficacy of the treatment agents *** underlying cause is identified in only 10-15%of *** management of the remaining patients,classified as‘idiopathic’,is empirical,and is conventionally with systemic steroids,vasodilator therapy,rheological agents,and antioxidants,to list a few amongst the host of the agents employed for the *** availability of conflicting outcomes and lack of conclusive evidence has resulted in the propagation of consensus-based treatment *** the present review,we discuss the various controversial issues and newer developments in the management of idiopathic *** current review aims to present a narrative outlook of the updated evidence base available from PUBMED,augmented with relevant designated publications.

关键词： Hearing loss Sudden Sensorineural Instillation Drug Dexamethasone Prognosis

Ginsenoside Rg1 changes brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in the facial nucleus of rats after ovariectomy: A semiquantitative analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2009年第5期4卷 383-389页

作者： Cuiying Zhou Wenlong Luo Dong Wang department of Otolaryngology-head and neck surgery Second Affiliated Hospital Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400010 China

BACKGROUND： Estrogen is neuroprotective effects such as breast carcinoma, endometria but long-term estrogen treatment can induce side cancer, and stroke. However, phytoestrogen is neuroprotective without these side effects. OBJECTIVE： To study the effects of Ginsenoside Rgl on facial neurons and brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） expression in the facial nucleus in ovariectomized rats. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： The randomized, controlled animal experiments were performed at the Ultrasonic Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, China, from September 2007 to September 2008. MATERIALS： Ginsenoside Rgl （Sigma, USA）, rabbit anti-rat BDNF, Bcl-2, Bax antibodies, biotin-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG （Boster, China）, and a TUNEL kit （Roche, Germany） were used in this study. METHODS： A total of 48 adult Sprague Dawley rats undergoing ovariectomy were randomly assigned into sham operation （n = 8）, model （n = 20）, and Ginsenoside Rgl （n = 20） groups. Facial nerve damage was induced by bilateral clamping of the facial nerve trunk. The bilateral facial nerve trunk was exposed in the sham operation group, with no clamping. Rats in the Ginsenoside Rgl group were intraperitoneally injected with 10 mg/kg per day Ginsenoside Rgl; other groups received 2 mL saline, once a day, for 14 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Morphologic changes in neurons of the facial nucleus were observed following hematoxylin-eosin staining. Neuronal apoptosis was detected by TUNEL. Changes in ultrastructure of the facial nerve fibers were observed with a transmission electron microscope. Expression of BDNF, Bcl-2, and Bax protein was quantified by semiquantitative immunohistochemistry. RESULTS： At 3-14 days following facial nerve damage, Ginsenoside Rgl increased BDNF expression and the number of regenerated nerve fibers, and produced thicker myelin sheaths （P 〈 0.05）. Ginsenoside Rgl also gradually increased Bcl-2 protein expression and decreased Bax protein expression （P 〈

关键词： Ginsenoside Rgl facial nerve damage facial nucleus brain-derived neurotrophic factor apoptosis

A novel PIK3CD C896T mutation detected in bilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss using next generation sequencing:An indication of primary immunodeficiency

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Journal of Otology 2016年第2期11卷 78-83页

作者： Jing Zou Xiangqiang Duan Guiliang Zheng Zhen Zhao Shiyue Chen Pu Dai Hongliang Zheng department of Otolaryngology-head and neck surgery Center for Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery of Chinese PLA Changhai Hospital Second Military Medical University department of Radiology National Key Discipline Changhai Hospital Second Military Medical University department of Otolaryngology-head and neck surgery Chinese PLA General Hospital

Objective:To investigate immune-related genetic background in bilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). Case report and methods: The case is a 45-year-old man presenting with a 7-year history of bilateral profound SSNHL. Blood biochemical testing demonstrated increased levels of total cholesterol (5.88 mmol/L). Tests for hepatitis B showed a positive antibody against the hepatitis B core antigen. Complement C3 was below the normal value, and complement C4 and IgG were in the lower range of normal values. CT images showed a normal inner ear and vestibular aqueduct but round window membranous ossification on both sides. A total number of 232 immune-associated genes were sequenced using the next generation sequencing technique. Results: Mutations were detected in 5 genes, including the phosphoinositide 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta (PIK3CD), caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 (CARD9), complement factor H-related (CFHR2), immunoglobulin lambda-like polypeptide 1 Protein (IGLL1), and transmembrane channel-like gene family 8 (TMC8). In the PIK3CD gene, a C896T substitute in exon 7 was detected. This mutation causes primary immunodeficiency and is an autosomal dominant disease. Conclusion: The PIK3CD C896T mutation responsible for primary immunodeficiency may contribute to the onset of bilateral SSNHL with subsequent rapid progression.

关键词： Sudden sensorineural hearing loss Immunology Genetics Next generation sequencing

Nasal septal foreign body as a complication of dental root canal therapy: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第3期9卷 690-696页

作者： Xiao-Wan Du Jun-Bo Zhang Shui-Fang Xiao department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryPeking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China

BACKGROUND Currently,there have been no reports on foreign bodies found in the nasal septum after dental root canal ***,we present an unusual case of a foreign body found in the nasal septum,which occurred after dental root canal therapy and two unsuccessful *** SUMMARY A 55-year-old man was referred to our department due to slight nasal discomfort that persisted for about 1 *** consulting our department,the patient visited three different hospitals/clinics and underwent two surgeries that were not successful in removing a foreign body completely.A computed tomography scan was performed to detect the shift of the foreign body from dental root to the nasal septum,which resulted in the healing of oral inflammation and nasal septum *** endoscopic foreign body extraction surgery(3rd removal surgery)was then successfully performed,using a needle as the *** nasal reconstruction was required after the *** healing was *** Medical healthcare professionals should consider past medical history when dealing with foreign body *** septal foreign body extraction surgery,a needle could be used as a helpful reference.

关键词： Foreign body Nasal septum Endodontic complications Fractured instruments Case report

Olfactory ensheathing cells promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery after facial nerve defects

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第1期14卷 124-131页

作者： Jian Gu He Xu Ya-Ping Xu Huan-Hai Liu Jun-Tian Lang Xiao-Ping Chen Wei-Hua Xu Yue Deng Jing-Ping Fan department of Otolaryngology Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine department of Otolaryngology head and neck surgery Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University department of Otolaryngology head and neck surgery Gongli Hospital Second Military Medical University

Olfactory ensheathing cells from the olfactory bulb and olfactory mucosa have been tbund to increase axonal sprouting and pathfinding and promote the recovery of vibrissae motor performance in facial nerve transection injured rats. However, it is not yet clear whether olfactory ensheathing cells promote the reparation of facial nerve defects in rats. In this study, a collagen sponge and silicone tube neural conduit was implanted into the 6-mm defect of the buccal branch of the facial nerve in adult rats. Olfactory ensheathing cells isolated from the olfactory bulb of newborn Sprague-Dawley rats were injected into the neural conduits connecting the ends of tile broken nerves, the morphology and function of the regenerated nerves were compared between the rats implanted with olfactory ensheathing cells with the rats injected with saline. Facial paralysis was assessed. Nerve electrography was used to measure facial nerve-induced action potentials. Visual inspection, anatomical microscopy and hematoxylin-eosin staining were used to assess the histomorphology around the trans planted neural conduit and the morphology of the regenerated nerve. Using fluorogold retrograde tracing, toluidine blue staining and lead uranyl acetate staining, we also measured the number of neurons in the anterior exterior lateral f：acial nerve motor nucleus, the number of myelinated nerve fibers, and nerve fiber diameter and myelin sheath thickness, respectively. After surgery, olfactory ensheathing cells de- creased facial paralysis and the latency of the facial nerve-induced action potentials. There were no differences in the general morphology of the regenerating nerves between the rats implanted with olfactory ensheathing cells and the rats injected with saline. Between-group results showed that olfactory ensheathing cell treatment increased the number of regenerated neurons, improved nerve fiber morphology, and increased the number of myelinated nerve fibers, nerve fiber diameter, and myel

关键词： nerve regeneration facial nerve defects olfactory ensheathing cells nerve fibers myelination neurons nerve muscle action potentials facial nerve motor nucleus neural regeneration

Evaluation of ocular and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials in a conductive hearing loss model

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Journal of Otology 2016年第4期11卷 -页

作者： Peng Han Rui Zhang Zichen Chen Ying Gao Ying Cheng Qing Zhang Min Xu department of Otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery Ear InstituteSecond Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine department of Otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery Xi'an Children's Hospital

Objective:To investigate the effects of conductive hearing loss (CHL) on vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) using a simulated CHL model, and to provide the basis for future studies. Methods:Twenty-one healthy subjects were recruited in this study. We measured ocular VEMPs (oVEMPs) and cervical VEMPs (cVEMPs) in these subjects by air-conduction sound (ACS) stimulation. CHL was simulated later by blocking the right external auditory canal with a soundproof earplug to evaluate its impacts on VEMPs. Subjects' responses before simulated CHL served as the control, and were compared to their responses following simulated CHL. Results: oVEMPs following simulated CHL showed decreased response rate, elevated thresholds, attenuated amplitudes and prolonged N1 latencies compared with those before simulated CHL, and the differences were statistically significant. Similarly, cVEMPs following simulated CHL also showed decreased response rate, elevated thresholds and attenuated amplitudes, with prolonged P1 latencies compared with those before simulated CHL, although only differences in response rate, threshold and amplitude were significant. Conclusions:Conductive hearing loss affects the response rate and other response parameters in oVEMPs and cVEMPs.

关键词： Conductive hearing loss Ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (oVEMPs) Cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMPs) Model Vestibular function

Analysis of the successful clinical treatment of 140 patients with parathyroid adenoma:A retrospective study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第28期10卷 10031-10041页

作者： Zhen-Xing Peng Yong Qin Juan Bai Jin-Shu Yin Bo-Jun Wei department of Otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100038China department of Otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China department of Thyroid and neck surgery Beijing Chaoyang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100020China

BACKGROUND Parathyroid adenoma(PA) sometimes recurs after surgery,how to improve the surgical success rate of PA is the key to the treatment of this *** To investigate the clinical features,diagnosis,and surgical treatment of patients with *** Patients who were pathologically confirmed with PA and had undergone surgery for the first time between January 2010 and December 2017 at the Beijing Shijitan Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University were included in the *** clinical features,localization diagnosis,and surgical treatment of these patients were *** Of the 140 patients,32 were male and 108 were female;132 cases had one adenoma,and 8 had two *** addition,114 cases had clinical symptoms,among which 51,28,23,8,and 4 had urinary system,skeletal system,digestive system,neuromuscular system,and neuropsychiatric symptoms,respectively,while 26 cases had no obvious *** median level of preoperative parathyroid hormone(PTH) was 201.0 pg/m *** positive detection rate of technetium-99m sestamibi(Tc-99m MIBI) single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography(SPECT/CT),ultrasound examination,and the combined use of Tc-99m MIBI SPECT/CT and ultrasound examination was 92.9%,85.5%,and 96.4%,*** surgery was performed in all patients,and PTH was monitored during *** success rate of surgery was 98.6%.After surgery,21 cases developed hypocalcemia,1 case developed temporary hoarseness,and 19 cases had transient hypoparathyroidism but there was no permanent hypoparathyroidism,postoperative hemorrhage,or hematoma in the surgical *** For patients with clinically unexplained skeletal system,urinary system,and neuropsychiatric symptoms,the possibility of PA should be *** examinations such as ultrasound and Tc-99m MIBI SPECT/CT could be integrated before surgery to obtain accurate localization *** preoperative localization,intraoperative PTH monitoring,an

关键词： Primary hyperparathyroidism Parathyroid adenoma Technetium-99m sestamibi SPECT/CT Surgical treatment Localization diagnosis Intraoperative parathyroid hormone monitoring