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Height-diameter models for King Boris fir(Abies borisii regis Mattf.) and Scots pine(Pinus sylvestris L.) in Olympus and Pieria Mountains, Greece

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第5期21卷 1475-1490页

作者： Dimitrios I.RAPTIS Dimitra PAPADOPOULOU Angeliki PSARRA Athanasios A.FALLIAS Aristides G.TSITSANIS Vassiliki KAZANA Renewable natural resource Management and Bioeconomy Laboratory Department of Forest and Natural Environment SciencesInternational Hellenic University66100 DramaGreece

In forest science and practice, the total tree height is one of the basic morphometric attributes at the tree level and it has been closely linked with important stand attributes. In the current research, sixteen nonlinear functions for height prediction were tested in terms of their fitting ability against samples of Abies borisii regis and Pinus sylvestris trees from mountainous forests in central Greece. The fitting procedure was based on generalized nonlinear weighted regression. At the final stage, a five-quantile nonlinear height-diameter model was developed for both species through a quantile regression approach, to estimate the entire conditional distribution of tree height, enabling the evaluation of the diameter impact at various quantiles and providing a comprehensive understanding of the proposed relationship across the distribution. The results clearly showed that employing the diameter as the sole independent variable, the 3-parameter Hossfeld function and the 2-parameter N?slund function managed to explain approximately 84.0% and 81.7% of the total height variance in the case of King Boris fir and Scots pine species, respectively. Furthermore, the models exhibited low levels of error in both cases(2.310m for the fir and 3.004m for the pine), yielding unbiased predictions for both fir(-0.002m) and pine(-0.004m). Notably, all the required assumptions for homogeneity and normality of the associated residuals were achieved through the weighting procedure, while the quantile regression approach provided additional insights into the height-diameter allometry of the specific species. The proposed models can turn into valuable tools for operational forest management planning, particularly for wood production and conservation of mountainous forest ecosystems.

关键词： Generalized nonlinear weighted regression Monte Carlo cross-validation Mountainous ecosystems Quantile regression Central Greece

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Matrix metalloproteinase 2 contributes to adult eclosion and immune response in the small hive beetle,Aethina tumida

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 733-747页

作者： Lixian Wu Yajing Xu Liangbin Li Dainan Cao Fang Liu Hongxia Zhao Guangdong Key Laboratssory of Animal conservation and resource Utilization Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and UtilizationInstitute of ZoologyGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina

During the pupal-adult eclosion process of holometabolous insects,the old cuticle is shed and replaced by a completely different new cuticle that requires tanning and expansion,along with extensive extracellular matrix(ECM)*** vertebrates,matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs),a class of zinc-dependent endopeptidases,play key roles in regulating the ECM that surrounds ***,little is known about these extracellular proteinases available in *** small hive beetle(SHB),Aethina tumida,is a widespread invasive parasite of honey *** this study,6 MMP homologs were identified in the SHB *** interference experiments showed that all 6 AtMmps are not required for the larval-pupal transition,only AtMmp2 was essential for pupal-adult eclosion in *** of AtMmp2 resulted in eclosion defects and wing expansion failure,as well as mortality within 3 d of adult *** analysis revealed that knockdown of AtMmp2 significantly increased expression of the Toll and Imd pathways,chitin metabolism,and cross-linking(such as the pro-phenoloxidase activating cascade pathway and the tyrosine-mediated cuticle sclerotization and pigmentation pathway).These data revealed evolutionarily conserved functions of Mmp2 in controlling adult eclosion and wing expansion,also provided a preliminary exploration of the novel function of regulating Toll and Imd pathways,as well as new insights into how MMPs regulate insect development and defense barriers.

关键词： Aethina tumida adult eclosion immune response matrix metalloproteinase RNAinterference

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Evolution and conservation genetics of pangolins

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 426-441页

作者： Tongtong GU Jingyang HU Li YU State Key Laboratory for conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource in Yunnan School of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunmingChina

Pangolins(Pholidota,Manidae)are classified as an evolutionarily distinct and globally endangered mammal due to their unique morphology(nail-like scales and a myrmecophagous diet)and being the victim of heavy poaching and worldwide *** such,pangolins serve as a textbook example for studying the special phenotypic evolutionary adaptations and conservation genetics of an endangered *** years have demonstrated significant advancements in the fields of molecular genetics and genomics,which have translated to a series of important research achievements and breakthroughs concerning the evolution and conservation genetics of *** review comprehensively presents the hitherto advances in phylogeny,adaptive evolution,conservation genetics,and conservation genomics that are related to pangolins,which will provide an ample understanding of their diversity,molecular adaptation mechanisms,and evolutionary *** addition,we highlight the priority of investigating species/population diversity among pangolins and suggest several avenues of research that are highly relevant for future pangolin conservation.

关键词： adaptive evolution conservation genetics conservation genomics pangolins phylogeny

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Opportunities and challenges in studies of mammalian hybrid speciation

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 614-617页

作者： Hong Wu Yuxing Zhang Li Yu State Key Laboratory for conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource in Yunnan School of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming 650091China

Revealing the mechanisms of speciation remains one of the most attractive and challenging issues in the field of evolutionary biology, and is also key to understanding the biodiversity present in nature.

关键词： biodiversity attractive evolutionary

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Location of Disaster Management Bases Using Spatial Analysis

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2024年第1期33卷 1-29页

作者： Hadi Nayyeri Sahar Zandi Mahmood Souri department of Geomorphology Faculty of Natural ResourceUniversity of KurdistanSanandajKurdistanIran department of Geography Sciences Kharazmi UniversityTehranIran Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic Employee of Iran HamedanIran

Pre-crisis management involves the optimal selection of relief and rescue centers to minimize *** is particularly vulnerable due to its location on the Alpine-Himalaya seismic belt,resulting in an average death rate six times higher than the global average during ***,selecting appropriate relief and rescue centers is crucial to Iran’s disaster *** selecting the placement of rescue centers,accessibility and the appropriateness of the land should be taken into account as well as the distance from high-risk *** location of these centers does not require any particular *** address this issue,a study was conducted utilizing GIS,artificial neural networks,fuzzy logic,and mathematical models to determine the optimal placement based on 12 indicators within two clusters:natural and *** examine the information layers of the initial stage,a spatial data repository concerning the variables impacting the placement of these centers was established using *** functions and algorithms such as Fuzzy Logic in IDRISI,TOPSIS,and VIKOR software,the layers were assessed for weightage before being *** study’s analysis of the models used revealed that the positioning priority limits of the areas differed across all four ***,the areas with high desirability varied to a greater extent:the fuzzy model varied by 9.3%,neural network by 12.4%,VIKOR by 4.5%,and TOPSIS by 16.2%.The variance in results can be attributed to the differing levels of risk acceptance and non-acceptance in each ***,the study yielded other significant findings such as the correlation between study area size and model ***,smaller study areas exhibited higher model *** research also demonstrated that both fuzzy and VIKOR models achieved greater *** a result,employing these models in crisis management planning,particularly in pre-crisis management for identifying rescue center lo

关键词： Crisis management GIS earthquake risk site selection

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Phenylhydrazone anions excitation for the photochemical carbonylation of aryl iodides with aldehydes

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 346-351页

作者： Lei Shen Yang Zhang Linlin Zhang Chuanwang Liu Zhixian Ma Kangjiang Liang Chengfeng Xia Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for natural resource Ministry of EducationYunnan Provincial Center for Research&Development of Natural ProductsSchool of PharmacyYunnan UniversityKunming 650500China

Spectroscopic investigations discovered that the in-situ generated phenylhydrazone anion was significantly bathochromically shifted to visible light region for photoactivation under irradiation. The photoexcited phenylhydrazone anion was potential to reduce aryl iodides via single electron transfer process for the subsequent radical chain reaction. A redox-neutral photochemical carbonylation of aryl iodides was developed on basis of the special spectroscopic features of phenylhydrazone anion. This protocol provided a convenient and efficient synthetic tool for accessing carbonylation products under redox neutral conditions without the need of transition-metals.

关键词： Organic anion Hydrazone Carbonylation Visible light Single electron transfer

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Why ecosystem characteristics predicted from remotely sensed data are unbiased and biased at the same time-and how this affects applications

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 24-31页

作者： Goran Ståhl Terje Gobakken Svetlana Saarela Henrik J.Persson Magnus Ekstrom Sean P.Healey Zhiqiang Yang Johan Holmgren Eva Lindberg Kenneth Nystrom Emanuele Papucci Patrik Ulvdal Hans OleØrka Erik Næsset Zhengyang Hou Håkan Olsson Ronald E.McRoberts department of Forest resource Management Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences90183UmeåSweden Faculty of Environmental Sciences and natural resource Management Norwegian University of Life SciencesÅsNorway USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research StationOgdenUTUSA The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and conservation of Ministry of Education Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China department of Forest resources University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMNUSA

Remotely sensed data are frequently used for predicting and mapping ecosystem characteristics,and spatially explicit wall-to-wall information is sometimes proposed as the best possible source of information for ***,wall-to-wall information typically relies on model-based prediction,and several features of model-based prediction should be understood before extensively relying on this type of *** such feature is that model-based predictors can be considered both unbiased and biased at the same time,which has important implications in several areas of *** this discussion paper,we first describe the conventional model-unbiasedness paradigm that underpins most prediction techniques using remotely sensed(or other)auxiliary *** this point of view,model-based predictors are typically ***,we show that for specific domains,identified based on their true values,the same model-based predictors can be considered biased,and sometimes severely *** suggest distinguishing between conventional model-bias,defined in the statistical literature as the difference between the expected value of a predictor and the expected value of the quantity being predicted,and design-bias of model-based estimators,defined as the difference between the expected value of a model-based estimator and the true value of the quantity being *** show that model-based estimators(or predictors)are typically design-biased,and that there is a trend in the design-bias from overestimating small true values to underestimating large true ***,we give examples of applications where this is important to acknowledge and to potentially make adjustments to correct for the design-bias *** argue that relying entirely on conventional model-unbiasedness may lead to mistakes in several areas of application that use predictions from remotely sensed data.

关键词： Bias Model-based inference Design-based inference

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Community perspectives on the effectiveness of watershed management institutions in the Himalayas

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第4期21卷 1119-1139页

作者： Nisha SILWAL Nabin DHUNGANA Rajan SUBEDI Suraj UPADHAYA Chun-Hung LEE natural resources conservation Nepal(NRCN) ChitwanP.O.Box 44200Nepal department of natural resources and Environmental Studies College of Environmental StudiesNational Dong Hwa UniversityHualien 97401Chinese Taipei Institute of Forestry Tribhuvan UniversityPokharaP.O.Box 43Nepal School of Agriculture and natural resources Kentucky State UniversityFrankfortKY 40601USA Himalayan conservation and Research Institute DolpaP.O.Box 21400Nepal

The sustainability of environmental management initiatives,such as watershed management programs,relies on the presence of effective institutions at the watershed ***,there needs to be more empirical evidence from evaluating the effectiveness of watershed-level ***,this study presents a pioneering effort to evaluate the effectiveness of Nepal’s first watershed conservation committee at the watershed scale,focusing on the case of the Khageri Khola watershed in Central *** study involved conducting a household survey,key informant interviews,focus group discussions,and field observations to collect and analyze the *** analysis,index value calculation,and chi-square statistics were then employed to summarize the results regarding local respondents’perceptions of twelve institutional characteristics,their rationalities,and their association with socio-demographic *** results reveal that the watershed conservation committee was perceived as performing well in managing the ***,good interaction,appropriate scale,technical,environmental,social,organizational,and government rationality were perceived as highly effective,with an average index value of less than *** contrast,clarity of objectives and economic rationality showed moderate effectiveness,with an average index value ranging from 0.36 to ***,the results suggested that adaptiveness,compliance capacity,and financial rationality merit increased attention,intending to improve their ***,the results showed the association of socio-demographics with respondents’perceptions of various indicators of institutional characteristics and their ***,the study provides valuable insights for policymakers,researchers,and development practitioners charged with designing sustainable and effective programs and *** enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of watershed management programs,we recommen

关键词： Watershed Watershed institutions Indicators Institutional characteristics Rationalities Nepal.

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Assessment of the Characteristics of Demersal Fish Communities Using Species-and Trait-Based Approaches in the Coastal Habitats Along Rongcheng Bay,Shandong Peninsula,China

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第3期23卷 786-796页

作者： YUAN Shunjie SUN Xin TU Zhong SUN Jie WANG Xianning ZHANG Peidong Key Laboratory of Mariculture(Ocean University of China) Ministry of EducationQingdao 266003China Shandong Fisheries Development and resource conservation Center Yantai 264003China

Biodiversity declines have motivated many studies on the relationship between species diversity and ecosystem *** this study,we described the spatial-temporal characteristics of demersal fish communities along a coastal habitat in Rongcheng Bay,Shandong Peninsula,China with both species-based and biological trait-based *** field survey was carried out monthly using traps from April to October of 2018,and divided into three seasons(spring:April and May;summer:June,July and August;autumn:September,October and November).The study area included five distinct habitats:seagrass bed,natural rocky reef,bare sand,artificial reef together with natural rocky reef,and artificial reef together with bare *** analyzed the fish communities with three taxonomic diversity indices,including Shannon-Wiener,Simpson,and Pielou Evenness,as well as four functional diversity indices,including FRic,FEve,FDiv,and FDis,based on 7 functional groups which are categorized into 27 *** results showed that there were no significant differences in taxonomic diversity indices among different habitats in the three ***,significant differences were found in the functional richness of fish communities among different habitats in three *** bed represented the highest functional richness in spring and *** study demonstrates that seagrass bed is very important in enhancing the functional diversity of fish communities in a complex *** study also indicates that the combination of taxonomic diversity and functional diversity will provide a more detailed description of the characteristics of fish communities.

关键词： complex habitat biological traits biodiversity fish communities

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Identification and functional characterization of female antennae-biased odorant receptor 23 involved in acetophenone detection of the Indian meal moth Plodia interpunctella

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Insect Science 2024年第1期31卷 59-78页

作者： Qi Chen Xiaoyan Zhu Guoqing Kang Qiling Yu Qingxin Liu Lin Du Yi Yang Xinyu He Ying Zhao Junjie Zhang Ying Hu Bingzhong Ren Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal resource conservation and Utilization School of Life SciencesNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology Ministry of EducationNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Avian Ecology and conservation Genetics Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina Engineering Research Center of natural Enemies Institute of Biological ControlJilin Agricultural UniversityChangchunChina

The Indian meal moth,Plodia interpunctella(Lepidoptera:Pyralidae),a globally distributed storage pest,relies on odors that are emitted from stored foods to select a suitable substrate for ***,the molecular mechanism underlying the chemical communication between *** and its host remains *** this study,130 chemosensory genes were identified from the transcriptomes of 7 *** tissues,and the quantitative expression levels of all 56 *** odorant receptor genes(PintORs)were validated using real-time quantitative polymerase chain *** functional characteristics of 5 PintORs with female antennae-biased expression were investigated using 2-electrode voltage clamp recordings in Xenopus laevis ***23 was found to be specifically tuned to *** could elicit a significant electrophysiological response and only attracted mated females when compared with males and virgin *** addition,molecular docking predicted that the hydrogen bonding sites,TRP-335 and ALA-167,might play key roles in the binding of PintOR23 to *** study provides valuable insights into the olfactory mechanism of oviposition substrate detection and localization in *** and points toward the possibility of developing eco-friendly odorant agents to control pests of stored products.

关键词： acetophenone docking EAG odorant receptor Plodia interpunctella TEVC

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