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Antioxidant compounds and capacities of Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng) fruits

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2019年第4期9卷 158-167页

作者： Ali Abdulqader Faisal Ali Amin Ismail Norhaizan Mohd Esa department of Nutrition and Dietetics Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia Biochemistry & molecular Biology department University Hospital Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Sana'a University Research Center of Excellent Non-Communicable Diseases (NNCD) Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia Laboratory of molecular Biomedicine Institute of Bioscience Universiti Putra Malaysia

Objective: To identify and determine the composition of antioxidant compounds, and to evaluate the antioxidant abilities of Gac fruit parts(peel, pulp, seed and aril) grown in Malaysia. Methods: LC-MS/MS was used for identification of antioxidant compounds and UV-Vis for estimation of the contents of phenolics, flavonoids, and carotenoids. Lycopene and β-carotene were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography. DPPH(2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays were employed to evaluate antioxidant capacities. Results: Phytochemicals were found amongst all the fruit parts. Notably, significant amounts of carotenoids [(107.4 ± 4.5),(85.7 ± 4.4),(110.6 ± 2.1) mg/100 g dry weight(DW)], and relatively high levels of both phenolics [(27.3 ± 1.7),(28.9 ± 2.4),(30.8 ± 2.7) mg/100 g DW] and flavonoids [(38.1 ± 2.2),(8.8 ± 1.3),(24.5 ± 3.3) mg/100 g DW] were found in the fruit's peel, pulp and aril, respectively. Seed part also showed a relatively high level of flavonoids [(18.1 ± 2.3) mg/100 g DW]. Lycopene and β-carotene were found to be significantly high(P < 0.05) in aril [(579.3 ± 22.7) and(621.0 ± 35.0) μg/g DW], followed by peel [(51.0 ± 7.5) and(210.0 ± 12.5) μg/g DW] and pulp [(37.6 ± 10.9) and(205.6 ± 22.1) μg/g DW)]. Antioxidant assays revealed that aril possessed the highest scavenging activity(IC_(50) = 865 μg/mL), while the peel possessed the highest ferric reducing power of 140 μmol FeSO4/μg. Conclusions: The current results demonstrate that Gac fruit grown in Malaysia is a rich source of phytochemicals, especially carotenoids, and possesses antioxidant activities. Thus, such findings suggest Gac fruit as a source of an antioxidant plant.

关键词： Momordica cochinchinensis Phytochemicals Carotenoids Antioxidants Polyphenols High-performance liquid chromatography

Monolayer organic field-effect transistors

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Science China Chemistry 2019年第3期62卷 313-330页

作者： Jie Liu Lang Jiang Wenping Hu Yunqi Liu Daoben Zhu Beijing National Laboratory for molecular sciences Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin Key Laboratory of molecular Optoelectronic sciences Department of Chemistry School of Science

Monolayer organic field-effect transistors(OFETs) are attracting worldwide interest in device physics and novel applications due to their ultrathin active layer for two-dimensional charge transport. The monolayer films are generally prepared by thermal evaporation, the Langmuir technique or self-assembly process, etc., but their electrical performance is relatively lower than corresponding thick films. From 2011, the performance of monolayer OFETs has been boosted by using the monolayer molecular crystals(MMCs) as active channels, which opened up a new era for monolayer OFETs. In this review, recent progress of monolayer OFETs, including the preparation of monolayer films, their OFET performance and applications are ***, perspectives of monolayer OFETs in the near future are also discussed.

关键词： monolayer films organic field-effect transistors monolayer molecular crystals(MMCs) mobility

Newly synthesized M^(pro) inhibitors as potential oral anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第4期6卷 1090-1091页

作者： Lin Li Shile Huang department of Biochemistry and molecular Biology Louisiana State University Health Sciences CenterShreveportLAUSA department of Hematology and Oncology Louisiana State University Health Sciences CenterShreveportLAUSA Feist-Weiller Cancer Center Louisiana State University Health Sciences CenterShreveportLAUSA

In a recent paper published in Science,Qiao et al.1 described the design,synthesis,and characterization of 32 new SARS-CoV-2 M^(pro) ***-CoV-2 M^(pro) inhibitors have been reported,2 but there is no infection data in any animal *** the first time,Qiao et al.1 demonstrated that oral or intraperitoneal treatment with two compounds(MI-09 and MI-30)exhibits effective antiviral activity in a SARS-CoV-2 infection transgenic mouse model.

关键词： synthesis potential

Composite magnetic nanoparticles:Synthesis and cancer-related applications

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第11期23卷 27-32页

作者：蔡苹陈洪敏谢晋 department of Chemistry University of Georgia College of Chemistry and molecular sciences Wuhan University

Recent advances in the preparation and applications of composite magnetic nanoparticles are reviewed and summa- rized, with a focus on cancer-related applications.

关键词： magnetic nanoparticles composite nanoparticles bio-applications surface modification

Strategies to improve regenerative potential of mesenchymal stem cells

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2021年第12期13卷 1845-1862页

作者： Mahmood S Choudhery department of Biomedical sciences King Edward Medical UniversityLahore 54000PunjabPakistan department of Genetics and molecular Biology University of Health SciencesLahore 54600PunjabPakistan

In the last few decades,stem cell-based therapies have gained attention worldwide for various diseases and *** stem cells,particularly mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),are preferred due to their significant regenerative potential in cellular therapies and are currently involved in hundreds of clinical *** MSCs have high self-renewal as well as differentiation potential,such abilities are compromised with“advanced age”and“disease status”of the ***,cell-based therapies require high cell number for clinical applications that often require in vitro expansion of *** is pertinent to note that aged individuals are the main segment of population for stem cell-based therapies,however;autologous use of stem cells for such patients(aged and diseased)does not seem to give optimal results due to their compromised *** vitro expansion to obtain large numbers of cells also negatively affects the regenerative potential of *** is therefore essential to improve the regenerative potential of stem cells compromised due to“in vitro expansion”,“donor age”and“donor disease status”for their successful autologous *** current review has been organized to address the age and disease depleted function of resident adult stem cells,and the strategies to improve their *** combat the problem of decline in the regenerative potential of cells,this review focuses on the strategies that manipulate the cell environment such as hypoxia,heat shock,caloric restriction and preconditioning with different factors.

关键词： Hypoxia Stem cell aging Growth factors Heat shock Caloric restriction

Heme oxygenase-1 and gut ischemia/reperfusion injury: A short review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第23期19卷 3555-3561页

作者： Yu-Feng Liao Wei Zhu Dong-Pei Li Xiao Zhu department of Laboratory Medicine Ningbo No.2 Hospital molecular Pathology Platform Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis Guangdong Medical College Institute of molecular Medicine and Genetics Georgia Health Sciences University

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury of the gut is a significant problem in a variety of clinical settings and is associated with a high morbidity and mortality. Although the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of gut I/R injury have not been fully elucidated, it is generally believed that oxidative stress with subsequent inflammatory injury plays an important role. Heme oxygenase (HO) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolism of heme, followed by production of CO, biliverdin, and free iron. The HO system is believed to confer cytoprotection by inhibiting inflammation, oxidation, and apoptosis, and maintaining microcirculation. HO-1, an inducible form of HO, serves a vital metabolic function as the rate-limiting step in the heme degradation pathway, and affords protection in models of intestinal I/R injury. HO-1 system is an important player in intestinal I/R injury condition, and may offer new targets for the management of this condition.

关键词： Heme oxygenase Ischemia/reperfusion injury Oxidative stress Cytoprotection Gut

Serrated pathway in colorectal carcinogenesis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第10期20卷 2634-2640页

作者： Letícia Yamane Cristovam Scapulatempo-Neto Rui Manuel Reis Denise Peixoto Guimares molecular Oncology Research Center Barretos Cancer Hospital department of Pathology Barretos Cancer Hospital Life and health sciences Research Institute (ICVS) School of Health Sciences University of Minho department of Endoscopy Barretos Cancer Hospital

Serrated adenocarcinoma is a recently described subset of colorectal cancer(CRC),which account for about10%of all CRCs and follows an alternative pathway in which serrated polyps replace the traditional adenoma as the precursor lesion to *** polyps form a heterogeneous group of colorectal lesions that includes hyperplastic polyps(HPs),sessile serrated adenoma(SSA),traditional serrated adenoma(TSA)and mixed *** are the most common serrated polyp followed by SSA and *** distinct histogenesis is believed to have a major influence in prevention strategies,patient prognosis and therapeutic ***,serrated polyps exhibited also a distinct pattern,with KRAS and BRAF having an important contribution to its *** other molecular changes that have been implicated in the serrated pathway include microsatellite instability and the CpG island methylator *** the present review we will address the current knowledge of serrated polyps,clinical pathological features and will update the most recent findings of its molecular *** understanding of their biology and malignancy potential is imperative to implement a surveillance approach in order to prevent colorectal cancer development.

关键词： Serrated pathway Colorectal carcinogenesis Mutation Microsatellite instability CpG island methylator phenotype

BRAF mutation in colorectal carcinomas with signet ring cell component

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2017年第3期14卷 287-292页

作者： Serap Yalcin Onder Onguru department of molecular Biology and Genetic Ahi Evran UniversityKirsehir 40100Turkey department of Pathology Gulhane School of MedicineHealth Sciences UniversityAnkara 06010Turkey

Objective:Signet ring cell carcinoma is a rare subtype of colorectal carcinoma(CRC)with an associated BRAFV600E *** investigated frequencies of BRAF mutation in 28 CRCs containing variable signet ring cell component and their relation with clinicopathologic ***:According to the presence of signet ring cell component,tumors were categorized into groups as follows:0%–9%,10%–24%,25%–49%,and>50%.Genomic DNA was isolated and analyzed for BRAF V600E gene mutation by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length *** of 28 cases(39.3%)showed BRAFV600E mutation,which was also confirmed by Sanger *** elucidate the importance of existence of signet ring cell component at the molecular level,we separated cases into two groups with cut-off levels of 10%and 50%,which pertain to percentages of signet ring ***:Seven of 19 cases(36.8%)under the threshold of 50%and four of nine cases(44.4%)over this threshold value demonstrated BRAF *** of 7 cases(42.8%)featuring10%were BRAF ***:BRAF mutation must be closely associated with the presence of malignant signet ring cells regardless of their percentages.

关键词： BRAF mutations colon cancer signet ring cell

Mechanism involved in the modulation of photoreceptor-specific cyclic nucleotidegated channel by the tyrosine kinase adapter protein Grb14

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Protein & Cell 2011年第11期2卷 906-917页

作者： Vivek K.Gupta Ammaji Rajala Karla K.Rodgers Raju V.S.Rajala department of Ophthalmology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOK 73104USA department of Cell Biology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOK 73104USA department of Biochemistry and molecular Biology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOK 73104USA Dean A.McGee Eye Institute University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOK 73104USA

We recently found that growth factor receptor-bound(Grb)protein 14 is a novel physiological modulator of photoreceptor specific cyclic nucleotide-gated channel alpha subunit(CNGA1).Grb14 promotes the CNG channel closure through its Ras-associating(RA)*** the current study we show that this RA domain-mediated inhibition of rod CNG channel is electrostatic in ***14 competes with cGMP for the CNGA1 binding pocket and electrostatically interacts with Arg^(559) through a negatively chargedβ-turn at its RA ***,the three Glu residues(180–182)in Grb14 are absolutely critical for electrostatic interaction with the cGMP binding pocket and resultant *** study also demonstrates that substitution of Lys^(140) for Ala or in combination with polyglutamte mutants of Grb14 results in a significantly reduced binding with *** results suggest that in addition to Glu^(180–182) and Lys^(140),other residues in Grb14 may be involved in the electrostatic interaction with *** RA domain is highly conserved among the members of Grb7 family of proteins,which includes Grb7,Grb10 and ***,only Grb14 is able to modulate the channel activity,but not Grb7 and *** together,it suggests the existence of a divergence in RA domains among the members of the Grb7 family.

关键词： growth factor receptor-bound protein 14(Grb14) Ras-associating domain cyclic nucleotide gated channel rod outer segments tyrosine kinase signaling