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Synergistic effect of adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of oilfield-produced water by electrospun photocatalytic fibers of Polystyrene/Nanorod-Graphitic carbon nitride

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期141卷 287-303页

作者： Parisa Azmoon Mehrdad Farhadian Alireza Pendashteh Amir H.Navarchian department of Chemical engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of IsfahanIsfahanIran department of Chemical engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of GuilanRashtIran department of Water and Environmental engineering Caspian Sea Basin Research CenterUniversity of GuilanRashtIran

Graphitic carbon nitride with nanorod structure(Nr-GCN)was synthesized using melamine as a precursor without any other reagents by hydrothermal pretreatment method.XRD,FTIR,SEM,N_(2)adsorption-desorption from BET,UV-Vis DRS spectroscopy,and photoluminescence were used to characterize the prepared samples.Also,the photoelectrochemical behavior of nanoparticles was studied by photocurrent transient response and cyclic voltammetry analysis.Polystyrene(PS)fibrous mat was fabricated by electrospinning technique and used as a support for the stabilization of the nanoparticles.The performance of the synthesized nanoparticles and photocatalytic fibers(PS/Nr-GCN)was evaluated in oilfield-produced water treatment under visible light irradiation.During this process,oil contaminants were adsorbed by hydrophobic polystyrene fibers and simultaneously degraded by Nr-GCN.The removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand(COD)has been obtained 96.6%and 98.4%by Nr-GCN and PS/Nr-GCN,respectively,at the optimum conditions of pH4,photocatalyst dosage 0.5 g/L,COD initial concentration 550 mg/L,and illumination time 150 min.The gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis results showed 99.3%removal of total petroleum hydrocarbons using photocatalytic fibers of PS/Nr-GCN.The results demonstrated that the GCN has outstanding features like controllable morphology,visible-light-driven,and showing high potential in oily wastewater remediation.Moreover,the synergistic effect of adsorption and photocatalytic degradation is an effective technique in oilfield-produced water treatment.

关键词： Graphitic carbon nitride(GCN) Nanorod structure Polystyrene fibrous mat Photocatalytic fibers Oilfield-produced water(OPW)

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A Comprehensive Review on Charging Topologies and Power Electronic Converter Solutions for Electric Vehicles

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 675-694页

作者： Abdelfatah Ali Hossam H.H.Mousa Mostafa F.Shaaban Maher A.Azzouz Ahmed S.A.Awad the department of Electrical engineering American University of Sharjah the department of Electrical engineering South Valley University the department of Electrical and Computer engineering University of Windsor Electrical engineering department Qatar University the department of Electrical and Computer engineering Sultan Qaboos University

Electric vehicles(EVs) are becoming more popular worldwide due to environmental concerns, fuel security, and price volatility. The performance of EVs relies on the energy stored in their batteries, which can be charged using either AC(slow) or DC(fast) chargers. Additionally, EVs can also be used as mobile power storage devices using vehicle-to-grid(V2G) technology. Power electronic converters(PECs) have a constructive role in EV applications, both in charging EVs and in V2G. Hence, this paper comprehensively investigates the state of the art of EV charging topologies and PEC solutions for EV applications. It examines PECs from the point of view of their classifications, configurations, control approaches, and future research prospects and their impacts on power quality. These can be classified into various topologies: DC-DC converters, AC-DC converters, DC-AC converters, and AC-AC converters. To address the limitations of traditional DC-DC converters such as switching losses, size, and high-electromagnetic interference(EMI), resonant converters and multiport converters are being used in high-voltage EV applications. Additionally, power-train converters have been modified for high-efficiency and reliability in EV applications. This paper offers an overview of charging topologies, PECs, challenges with solutions, and future trends in the field of the EV charging station applications.

关键词： Topology DC-DC power converters Vehicle-to-grid Electric vehicle charging Batteries Transportation Electromagnetic interference

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Antibiotic ciprofloxacin removal from aqueous solutions by electrochemically activated persulfate process:Optimization,degradation pathways,and toxicology assessment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 85-98页

作者： Elif Yakamercan Ahmet Aygün Halis Simsek Environmental engineering department Bursa Technical UniversityBursaTurkey Agricultural and Biological engineering department Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA

Ciprofloxacin(CIP)is a commonly used antibiotic in the fluoroquinolone group and is widely used in medical and veterinary medicine disciplines to treat bacterial infections.When CIP is discharged into the sewage system,it cannot be removed by a conventional wastewater treatment plant because of its recalcitrant characteristics.In this study,boron-doped diamond anode and persulfate were used to degrade CIP in an aquatic solution by creating an electrochemically activated persulfate(EAP)process.Ironwas added to the system as a coactivator and the process was called EAP+Fe.The effects of independent variables,including pH,Fe^(2+),persulfate concentration,and electrolysis time on the systemwere optimized using the response surface methodology.The results showed that the EAP+Fe process removed 94%of CIP under the following optimum conditions:A pH of 3,persulfate/Fe^(2+)concentration of 0.4 mmol/L,initial CIP concentration 30 mg/L,and electrolysis time of 12.64 min.CIP removal efficiency was increased from 65.10%to 94.35%by adding Fe^(2+)as a transition metal.CIP degradation products,7 pathways,and 78 intermediates of CIP were studied,and three of those intermediates(m/z 298,498,and 505)were reported.The toxicological analysis based on toxicity estimation software results indicated that some degradation products of CIP were toxic to targeted animals,including fathead minnow,Daphnia magna,Tetrahymena pyriformis,and rats.The optimumoperation costswere similar in EAP and EAP+Fe processes,approximately 0.54€/m^(3).

关键词： Ciprofloxacin Response surface methodology Electrochemically activated persulfate Electrooxidation

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Deciphering the controlling factors for phase transitions in zeolitic imidazolate frameworks

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 151-163页

作者： Tao Du Shanwu Li Sudheer Ganisetti Mathieu Bauchy Yuanzheng Yue Morten M.Smedskjaer department of Chemistry and Bioscience Aalborg University department of Mechanical engineering-engineering Mechanics Michigan Technological University Physics of Amo Rphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory(PARISlab) Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos Angeles

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks（ZIFs） feature complex phase transitions, including polymorphism,melting, vitrification, and polyamorphism. Experimentally probing their structural evolution during transitions involving amorphous phases is a significant challenge, especially at the medium-range length scale. To overcome this challenge, here we first train a deep learning-based force field to identify the structural characteristics of both crystalline and non-crystalline ZIF phases. This allows us to reproduce the structural evolution trend during the melting of crystals and formation of ZIF glasses at various length scales with an accuracy comparable to that of ab initio molecular dynamics, yet at a much lower computational cost. Based on this approach, we propose a new structural descriptor, namely, the ring orientation index, to capture the propensity for crystallization of ZIF-4(Zn（Im）2, Im = C3H3N2-) glasses, as well as for the formation of ZIF-zni(Zn（Im）2) out of the high-density amorphous phase. This crystal formation process is a result of the reorientation of imidazole rings by sacrificing the order of the structure around the zinc-centered tetrahedra. The outcomes of this work are useful for studying phase transitions in other metal-organic frameworks（MOFs） and may thus guide the development of MOF glasses.

关键词： metal-organic frameworks phase transitions melting glass formation transferable deep learning force field ring orientation

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An efficient approach for the treatment of radioactive waste perfluoropolyether lubricants via a synergistic effect of thermal catalysis and immobilization

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 512-522页

作者： Xinhang Du Wenhua Tong Xinyu Zhou Jia Luo Yuqiu Liu Yabo Wang Panyu Li Yongkui Zhang department of Pharmaceutical&Biological engineering School of Chemical EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Perfluoropolyether(PFPE)lubricants are a kind of high-molecular polymer with many excellent properties.However,the use of PFPEs in the nuclear industry can lead to partial decomposition and carrying radionuclides,resulting in a large amount of radioactive waste PFPE lubricants annually.Moreover,radioactive waste PFPE lubricants are difficult to be effectively treated due to their high stability,the risk of possible leakage of radionuclides,and hypertoxic fluorine-containing by-products.In this study,without any precedent,a strategy of Mn O_(2)-catalyzed decomposition and Na_(2)CO_(3)-immobilized conversion was proposed for PFPE lubricant decomposition and fluorine immobilization simultaneously based on the Lewis acid-base and oxygen vacancies concept.A high fluorine conversion efficiency of 95.4%was achieved.Meanwhile,the mechanism of decomposition suggested that Mn O_(2)mainly provided Lewis acid sites and attacked the(basic)fluorine or oxygen atoms in PFPE molecules.The decomposition of PFPE chains was proceed down and volatile fluorine-containing gas was released by partial electron transfer,intramolecular disproportionation reaction,and unzipping fashion.Subsequently,gas by-products could be further oxidized and then immobilized into fluoride salts by carbonate solid absorbents.Overall,this study provides a simple,safe,and potentially practical strategy for the harmless conversion of refractory fluorinated organic wastes,especially perfluoropolymers.

关键词： Perfluoropolyether lubricants Catalyzed decomposition Fluorine-containing gas Immobilized conversion Fluoride

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Mechanical performance of cold mix asphalt containing cup lump rubber as a sustainable bio-modifier

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation engineering(English Edition) 2024年第3期11卷 424-440页

作者： Syed Abdul Ghafar Muhammad Naqiuddin Mohd Warid Norhidayah Abdul Hassan Zulfiqar Ali Jattak Ashraf Abdalla Mohammed Radwan Faculty of Civil engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia department of Civil engineering Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineering & Management Sciences department of Civil engineering Balochistan University of Engineering and Technology department of Civil engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Tripoli

The road construction industry aims to contribute to the protection of already compromised environment. Cold mix asphalt(CMA) is a measure initiated by the road industry to protect the environment and preserve energy. Despite having additional benefits, CMA has attracted little attention due to its inferior performance. CMA's performance is enhanced using a sustainable binder bio-modifier, natural cup lump rubber(CLR) is one of them. This study evaluated the tensile properties, rutting, moisture susceptibility, and adhesion properties of CLR-modified CMA(CMA-CR). The tensile property was enhanced by 26% due to CLR modification. CMA-CR had excellent rutting resistance of less than 2 mm rut depth at 10,000 load cycles, showing 70% improvement compared with conventional CMA.Moisture susceptibility evaluation indicated that CMA-CR had tensile strength ratio(TSR)value of 104%, satisfying the minimum 80% requirement of AASHTO T283. It also retained more than 96% bitumen coating. The moisture damage resistance was improved by 12% and 10% in terms of TSR and stripping, respectively. The durability results revealed that the CMA-CR mixture prevented higher mass loss, representing 14% improvement compared with conventional CMA.

关键词： Cup lump rubber Cup lump modified cold mix asphalt Moisture damage Tensile property Rutting Digital imaging

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Underwater inertial error rectification with limited acoustic observations

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Satellite Navigation 2024年第1期5卷 207-223页

作者： Hongqiong Tang Hongyang He Fangneng Li Jiangning Xu department of Navigation engineering Naval University of EngineeringWuhan430000China

Underwater inertial navigation is particularly difficult for the long-durance operations as many navigation systems such global satellite navigation systems are unavailable.The acoustic signal is a marvelous choice for underwater inertial error rectification due to its underwater penetration capability.However,the traditional Acoustic Positioning Systems(APS)are expensive and incapable of positioning with limited acoustic observations.Two novel underwater inertial error rectification algorithms with limited acoustic observations are proposed.The first one is the single acoustic-beacon Range-only Matching Aided Navigation(RMAN)method,which is inspired by matching navigation without reference maps and presented for the first time.The second is the improved single acoustic-beacon Virtual Long Baseline(VLBL)method,which considers the impact of indicated relative position increments on virtual beacon reconstruction.Both RMAN and improved VLBL are further developed when multi acoustic-beacons are available,named mAB-RMAN and mAB-VLBL.The comprehensive simulations and field investigations were conducted.The results demonstrated that the proposed methods achieved excellent accuracy and stability compared to the baseline,specifically,the mAB-RMAN and mAB-VLBL can reduce the inertial error by more than 90%and 98%when using single and double acoustic-beacons,respectively.These proposed techniques will provide new perspectives for underwater positioning,navigation,and timing.

关键词： Underwater PNT Range-only matching aided navigation Virtual long baseline Inertial error rectification

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ASLP-DL—A Novel Approach Employing Lightweight Deep Learning Framework for Optimizing Accident Severity Level Prediction

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2535-2555页

作者： Saba Awan Zahid Mehmood department of Software engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila47050Pakistan department of Computer engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila47050Pakistan

Highway safety researchers focus on crash injury severity,utilizing deep learning—specifically,deep neural networks(DNN),deep convolutional neural networks(D-CNN),and deep recurrent neural networks(D-RNN)—as the preferred method for modeling accident severity.Deep learning’s strength lies in handling intricate relation-ships within extensive datasets,making it popular for accident severity level(ASL)prediction and classification.Despite prior success,there is a need for an efficient system recognizing ASL in diverse road conditions.To address this,we present an innovative Accident Severity Level Prediction Deep Learning(ASLP-DL)framework,incorporating DNN,D-CNN,and D-RNN models fine-tuned through iterative hyperparameter selection with Stochastic Gradient Descent.The framework optimizes hidden layers and integrates data augmentation,Gaussian noise,and dropout regularization for improved generalization.Sensitivity and factor contribution analyses identify influential predictors.Evaluated on three diverse crash record databases—NCDB 2018–2019,UK 2015–2020,and US 2016–2021—the D-RNN model excels with an ACC score of 89.0281%,a Roc Area of 0.751,an F-estimate of 0.941,and a Kappa score of 0.0629 over the NCDB dataset.The proposed framework consistently outperforms traditional methods,existing machine learning,and deep learning techniques.

关键词： Injury severity prediction deep learning feature

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Effects of surface energy and substrate on modulus determination of biological films by conical indentation

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1757-1764页

作者： DING Yue LI Cheng-Ya NIU XinRui WANG Gang-Feng department of engineering Mechanics SVLXi'an Jiaotong University department of Mechanical engineering City University of Hong Kong

Micro-/nano-indentation has become prevalent in evaluating the mechanical characteristics of biological samples, such as cells and tissues. However, the existing contact models describing conical indentation ignore the joint effects of surface energy and substrate, and consequently cannot accurately extract the Young's modulus of biological samples deposited on substrate.Through finite element methods, we examine the conical indentation of biological films on substrates while taking surface energy into account. Based on the dimensional analysis, the explicit relationship between load and indentation depth is achieved for films with their moduli varying from 0.001 to 100 times that of the substrate. If the classical Sneddon's model was employed to analyze the load-depth data, the measured modulus could reach 18 times the real modulus for films on harder substrates, but only 4% of the real modulus for films on softer substrates. Meanwhile, in micro-/nano-indentations, neglecting the contribution of surface energy would result in an overestimation of the Young's modulus of films depending on the contact size. The analytical expression provided here can be utilized to precisely deduce the mechanical characteristics of biological films deposited on substrate from the load and indentation depth data of a conical indentation.

关键词： biological film surface effect substrate effect indentation

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Statistical analysis and interpretation on lightning impulse breakdown voltages of ester liquids under varying field uniformity

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High Voltage 2024年第1期9卷 22-34页

作者： Haichuan Yu Qiang Liu Zhongdong Wang department of Electrical and Electronic engineering The University of ManchesterManchesterUK department of engineering University of ExeterExeterUK

Ester liquids(ELs),as the alternative transformer liquids to the conventional mineral oils(MOs),have been increasingly used in power transformers with high voltage ratings.Among various properties,the lightning impulse breakdown voltages(LIBDVs)have been studied elaborately in the past two decades under different electric field uniformities.The electric field uniformities do have an effect on the breakdown characteristics,for example,breakdown mechanisms,polarity effects,and differences of LIBDV between ELs and MOs,which is quantitatively investigated based on the LIBDVs collected from the literatures.The breakdown mechanism transition phenomenon between streamer initiation dominated breakdown and streamer propagation dominated breakdown has been reviewed firstly.Then,the transition field factor boundaries to observe the polarity effect on LIBDVs are taken at around 20 for ELs and 10 for MOs.Besides,the transition field factor boundaries to observe the LIBDV distinctions between ELs and MOs are about 109 and 14 under positive and negative lightning impulse,respectively.The systematic analysis and interpretation on the transition field factor boundaries among different phenomena can provide insights on insulation design of ELs filled power transformers.

关键词： field lightning breakdown

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