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Transforming growth factor-beta 1 enhances discharge activity of cortical neurons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 548-556页

作者： Zhihui Ren Tian Li Xueer Liu Zelin Zhang Xiaoxuan Chen Weiqiang Chen Kangsheng Li Jiangtao Sheng department of microbiology and immunology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular ImmunopathologyShantou University Medical CollegeShantouGuangdong ProvinceChina department of Neurosurgery First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-β1)has been extensively studied for its pleiotropic effects on central nervous system *** neuroprotective or neurotoxic effects of TGF-β1 in specific brain areas may depend on the pathological process and cell types ***-gated sodium channels(VGSCs)are essential ion channels for the generation of action potentials in neurons,and are involved in various neuroexcitation-related ***,the effects of TGF-β1 on the functional properties of VGSCs and firing properties in cortical neurons remain *** this study,we investigated the effects of TGF-β1 on VGSC function and firing properties in primary cortical neurons from *** found that TGF-β1 increased VGSC current density in a dose-and time-dependent manner,which was attributable to the upregulation of Nav1.3 *** VGSC current density and Nav1.3 expression were significantly abolished by preincubation with inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase(PD98059),p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(SB203580),and Jun NH2-terminal kinase 1/2 inhibitor(SP600125).Interestingly,TGF-β1 significantly increased the firing threshold of action potentials but did not change their firing rate in cortical *** findings suggest that TGF-β1 can increase Nav1.3 expression through activation of the ERK1/2-JNK-MAPK pathway,which leads to a decrease in the firing threshold of action potentials in cortical neurons under pathological ***,this contributes to the occurrence and progression of neuroexcitatory-related diseases of the central nervous system.

关键词： central nervous system cortical neurons ERK firing properties JNK Nav1.3 p38 transforming growth factor-beta 1 traumatic brain injury voltage-gated sodium currents

Gut virome:New key players in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第2期15卷 27-43页

作者： Helal F Hetta Rehab Ahmed Yasmin N Ramadan Hayam Fathy Mohammed Khorshid Mohamed M Mabrouk Mai Hashem department of Medical microbiology and immunology Faculty of MedicineAssiut UniversityAssiut 71515Egypt Division of microbiology Immunology and BiotechnologyFaculty of pharmacyUniversity of TabukTabuk 71491Saudi Arabia Division of microbiology Immunology and BiotechnologyDepartment of Natural Products and Alternative MedicineFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of TabukTabuk 71491Saudi Arabia department of Internal Medicine Division HepatogastroenterologyAssiut UniversityAssiut 71515Egypt department of Clinical Research Egyptian Developers of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy FoundationCairo 11936Egypt department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine.Tanta UniversityTanta 31527Egypt department of Tropical Medicine Gastroenterology and HepatologyAssiut University HospitalAssiut 71515Egypt

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a chronic inflammatory illness of the *** the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of IBD is not fully under-stood,it is believed that a complex combination of host immunological response,environmental exposure,particularly the gut microbiota,and genetic suscept-ibility represents the major *** gut virome is a group of viruses found in great frequency in the gastrointestinal tract of *** gut virome varies greatly among individuals and is influenced by factors including lifestyle,diet,health and disease conditions,geography,and *** majority of research has focused on the significance of gut bacteria in the progression of IBD,although viral populations represent an important component of the *** conducted this review to highlight the viral communities in the gut and their expected roles in the etiopathogenesis of IBD regarding published research to date.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Pathogenesis Gut virome Bacteriophage Eukaryotic viruses

Effect of dietary fibre on the gastrointestinal microbiota during critical illness:A scoping review

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2025年第1期14卷 49-59页

作者： Angajendra N Ghosh Calum J Walsh Matthew J Maiden Tim P Stinear Adam M Deane department of Intensive Care The Northern HospitalEpping 3076VictoriaAustralia department of microbiology and immunology The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourne 3052VictoriaAustralia department of Intensive Care The Royal Melbourne HospitalThe University of MelbourneParkville 3050VictoriaAustralia department of Intensive Care Medicine The Royal Melbourne HospitalParkville 3050VictoriaAustralia

The systemic effects of gastrointestinal(GI)microbiota in health and during chronic diseases is increasingly *** strategies to modulate the GI microbiota during chronic diseases have demonstrated *** changes in dietary intake can rapidly change the GI microbiota,the impact of dietary changes during acute critical illness on the microbiota remain *** fibre is metabolised by carbohydrate-active enzymes and,in health,can alter GI *** aim of this scoping review was to describe the effects of dietary fibre supplementation in health and disease states,specifically during critical *** controlled trials and prospective cohort studies that include adults(>18 years age)and reported changes to GI microbiota as one of the study outcomes using non-culture methods,were *** show dietary fibres have an impact on faecal microbiota in health and *** fibre,inulin,has a marked and specific effect on increasing the abundance of faecal *** chain fatty acids produced by Bifidobacteria have been shown to be beneficial in other patient *** few trials have evaluated the effect of dietary fibre on the GI microbiota during critical *** research is necessary to establish optimal fibre type,doses,duration of intervention in critical illness.

关键词： Gastrointestinal microbiota Dietary fibre Health Critical illness Short chain fatty acids

Study of the prevalence and association of ocular chlamydial conjunctivitis in women with genital infection by Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium and Candida albicans attending outpatient clinic

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第8期9卷 1176-1186页

作者： Rania Abdelmonem Khattab Maha Mohssen Abdelfattah microbiology and immunology department Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University microbiology and immunology department Research Institute of Ophthalmology

AIMTo determine the association between chlamydial conjunctivitis and genital infection by Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium and Candida albicans, in addition to the possible relationship between cultured bacterial pathogens and oculogenital chlamydial *** study was performed on 100 (50 symptomatic and 50 asymptomatic) women attending the Gynecological and Obstetric outpatient clinic of Alzahra hospital, Alazhar University. Simultaneously a conjunctival swab was taken from these patients. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was done on DNA extracted from both vaginal and conjunctival swab samples. Culture for both vaginal and conjunctival swabs was also *** albicans was the predominant organism isolated by culture in 20% and 40% of conjunctival and vaginal swabs respectively. By the PCR method, ocular Chlamydia trachomatis was present in 60% of symptomatic women, while genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection was present in 30% of symptomatic women. The results of this method also indicated that 25/50 (50%) vaginal swabs were positive with PCR for Candida albicans versus 15/50 (30%) were PCR positive in conjunctival swab. Mycoplasma genitalium was present in only 10% of vaginal swabs. Concomitant oculogenital PCR positive results for Chlamydia trachomatis and Candida albicans were 30% and 28% *** Chlamydia trachomatis was associated with genital Chlamydia trachomatis in a high percentage of women followed by Candida albicans. Cultured bacterial organisms do not play a role in enhancement of Chlamydia trachomatis infection.

关键词： Chlamydia trachomatis Mycoplasma genitalium Candida albicans vaginal swabs polymerase chain reaction

Immune cell interplay in colorectal cancer prognosis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2015年第10期7卷 221-232页

作者： Samuel E Norton Kirsten A Ward-Hartstonge Edward S Taylor Roslyn A Kemp department of microbiology and immunology University of Otago

The immune response to colorectal cancer has proven to be a reliable measure of patient outcome in several studies. However, the complexity of the immune response in this disease is not well understood, par-ticularly the interactions between tumour-associated cells and cells of the innate and adaptive immune system. This review will discuss the relationship betweencancer associated fibroblasts and macrophages, as well as between macrophages and T cells, and demonstrate how each population may support or prevent tumour growth in a different immune environment.

关键词： Colorectal cancer neoplasms Fibroblasts Immune sys

Multiparametric analysis of colorectal cancer immune responses

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第27期24卷 2995-3005页

作者： Julia KH Leman Sarah K Sandford Janet L Rhodes Roslyn A Kemp department of microbiology and immunology University of Otago

Colorectal cancer(CRC) is a heterogeneous disease, with a diverse and plastic immune cell infiltrate. These immune cells play an important role in regulating tumour growth-progression or elimination. Some populations of cells have a strong correlation with disease-free survival, making them useful prognostic markers. In particular, the infiltrate of CD3^+ and CD8^+ T cells into CRC tumours has been validated worldwide as a valuable indicator of patient prognosis. However, the heterogeneity of the immune response, both between patients with tumours of different molecular subtypes, and within the tumour itself, necessitates the use of multiparametric analysis in the investigation of tumour-specific immune responses. This review will outline the multiparametric analysis techniques that have been developed and applied to studying the role of immune cells in the tumour, with a focus on colorectal cancer. Because much of the data in this disease relates to T cell subsets and heterogeneity, we have used T cell populations as examples throughout. Flow and mass cytometry give a detailed representation of the cells within the tumour in a single-cell suspension on a per-cell basis. Imaging technologies, such as imaging mass cytometry, are used to investigate increasing numbers of markers whilst retaining the spatial and structural information of the tumour section and the infiltrating immune cells. Together, the analyses of multiple immune parameters can provide valuable information to guide clinical decision-making in CRC.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Flow cytometry Immune cells Multiparametric analysis Immunohistochemistry Mass cytometry Microscopy

Convergence of COVID-19 and recurrent stroke:In-hospital mortality risks explored

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World Journal of Virology 2025年第1期14卷 5-8页

作者： Basavraj S Nagoba Shree V Dhotre Ajay M Gavkare Sachin S Mumbre Pradnya S Dhotre department of microbiology Maharashtra Institute of Medical Sciences and Research(Medical College)Latur 413531India department of microbiology Ashwini Rural Medical CollegeSolapur 413001India department of Community Medicine Ashwini Rural Medical CollegeSolapur 413001India department of Biochemistry Ashwini Rural Medical CollegeSolapur 413001India

This editorial comments on the article by Desai et al,which investigates the impact of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)on in-hospital mortality among patients with recurrent stroke using data from the 2020 National Inpatient *** findings reveal significantly higher mortality rates in COVID-19-positive patients compared to non-COVID-19 patients,particularly among middle-aged individuals,males,and ethnic *** editorial explores the underlying mechanisms contributing to these outcomes and discusses the clinical implications for targeted management strategies in high-risk *** results emphasize the need for comprehensive approaches to mitigate the heightened risks faced by recurrent stroke patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

关键词： Recurrent stroke COVID-19 In-hospital mortality Nationwide analysis Stroke admissions Infectious diseases Chronic health conditions Hypercoagulability

Recent Advances in Animal Models of Zika Virus Infection

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Virologica Sinica 2018年第2期33卷 125-130页

作者： Shupeng Dong Qiming Liang Shanghai Institute of immunology Department of Immunology and Microbiology Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

An infection by Zika virus(ZIKV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus, broke out in South American regions in 2015, and recently showed a tendency of spreading to North America and even worldwide. ZIKV was first detected in 1947 and only 14 human infection cases were reported until 2007. This virus was previously observed to cause only mild flu-like ***, recent ZIKV infections might be responsible for the increasing cases of neurological disorders such as GuillainBarre′ syndrome and congenital defects, including newborn microcephaly. Therefore, researchers have established several animal models to study ZIKV transmission and pathogenesis, and test therapeutic candidates. This review mainly summarizes the reported animal models of ZIKV infection, including mice and non-human primates.

关键词： Zika virus Flavivirus Rodent models Non-human primate models

Commentary: Endogenous glucocorticoids control host resistance to viral infection through tissue-specific regulation of PD-1 expression on NK cells

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Cellular & Molecular immunology 2019年第3期16卷 203-204页

作者： Allan Randrup Thomsen department of immunology and microbiology University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark

The key purpose of the immune system is to protect the host from infectious ***,it has long been known that the induced host response in many cases represents a double-edged sword,and proper regulation of the magnitude and the temporal and spatial context of this response is critical to avoid immunemediated bystander tissue damage.A classical model of such damage is intracerebral infection of immunocompetent mice with the noncytolytic arenavirus lymphocytic choriomeningitis *** T-cell-deficient mice suffer little or no disease following infection by any route,immunocompetent mice succumb to Tcell-mediated lethal meningitis.1,2 Peripheral infection of such immunocompetent mice is associated with limited disease,and the same type of effector T cells that cause lethal disease are also central in controlling viral infection in organs.

关键词： infection damage organs