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Research progress in hepatic encephalopathy in recent 10 years A Web of Science-based literature analysis

Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第34期7卷 2727-2733页

作者： Nan Li department of digestion the 309 Hospital of Chinese PLA

OBJECTIVE： To analyze international research trends in hepatic encephalopathy and examine the role of neuroelectrophysiology and neuroimaging in diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy. DATA RETRIEVAL： We performed a bibliometric analysis of studies on hepatic encephalopathy published during 2002-2011 retrieved from Web of Science. SELECTION CRITERIA： Inclusion criteria：（1） peer-reviewed published articles on hepatic encephalopathy; （2） original article, review, meeting abstract, proceedings paper, book chapter, editorial material, news items, and （3） published during 2002-2011. Exclusion criteria：（1） articles that required manual searching or telephone access; （2） documents that were not published in the public domain; and （3） corrected papers from the total number of articles. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES：（1）Annual publication output; （2） type of publication; （3） publication by research field; （4） publication by journal; （5） publication by author; （6） publication by institution; （7） publication by country; （8） publication by institution in China; （9） most-cited papers. RESULTS： A total of 3 233 papers regarding hepatic encephalopathy were retrieved during 2002-2011. The number of papers gradually increased over the 10-year study period and was highest in 2010. Most papers appeared in journals with a focus on gastroenterology and hepatology. Among the included journals, Hepatology published the greatest number of papers regarding hepatic encephalopathy, and the published studies were highly cited. Thus, Hepatology appears to represent a key journal publishing papers on hepatic encephalopathy. Regarding distribution by country for publications on hepatic encephalopathy indexed in Web of Science during 2002-2011, the United States published highest number of papers, with China ranked ninth As per distribution by institute for publications, the University of Montreal in Canada published the highest number of papers （n = 111 ）. Among the Chinese institutes, Zhejiang University

关键词： hepatic encephalopathy neuroelectrophysiology neuroimaging diagnosis ammonia manganese astrocyte amino acids unbalance bibliometrics neural regeneration

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THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SOMATOSTATIN ON THE FUNCTION OF PANCREATIC ISLET B CELLS IN RATS

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1989年第10期34卷 869-872页

作者：朱文玉屠亚红王志均 Research Laboratory in Physiology of digestion and reproduction Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Beijing Mecical University

Recent evidence indicated that several gut hormones possess the capacities to protect against experimental gastric lesion elicited by variety substances. This suggested that protective effect might be one of the impor... 详细信息

关键词： diabetes, pancreatic B-cell, streptozotocin somatostatin.

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Targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in epithelial ovarian cancer,therapeutic treatment options for platinum-resistant ovarian cancer

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2021年第3期4卷 573-595页

作者： Natasha Rinne Elizabeth LChristie Anastasia Ardasheva Chun Hei Kwok Nikita Demchenko Caroline Low Catherine Tralau-Stewart Christina Fotopoulou Paula Cunnea department of Surgery&Cancer Imperial College LondonHammersmith campusLondon W120NNUK Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre East MelbourneVictoria 3002Australia department of metabolism digestion&reproduction Imperial College LondonLondon W120NNUK Takeda Academic Innovation Center for External InnovationTakeda CaliforniaSan DiegoCA 92121USA

The survival rates for women with ovarian cancer have shown scant improvement in recent years,with a 5-year survival rate of less than 40%for women diagnosed with advanced ovarian ***-grade serous ovarian cancer(HGSOC)is the most lethal subtype where the majority of women develop recurrent disease and chemotherapy resistance,despite over 70%-80%of patients initially responding to platinum-based *** phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)signaling pathway regulates many vital processes such as cell growth,survival and ***,this pathway is frequently dysregulated in cancers including different subtypes of ovarian cancer,through amplification or somatic mutations of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha(PIK3CA),amplification of AKT isoforms,or deletion or inactivation of *** evidence indicates a role for the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in the development of chemotherapy resistance in ovarian ***,targeting key nodes of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is a potential therapeutic *** this review,we outline dysregulation of PI3K signaling in ovarian cancer,with a particular emphasis on HGSOC and platinum-resistant *** review pre-clinical evidence for inhibitors of the main components of the PI3K pathway and highlight past,current and upcoming trials in ovarian cancers for different inhibitors of the *** no inhibitors of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway have thus far advanced to the clinic for the treatment of ovarian cancer,several promising compounds which have the potential to restore platinum sensitivity and improve clinical outcomes for patients are under evaluation and in various phases of clinical trials.

关键词： Ovarian cancer high-grade serous PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway chemotherapy resistance inhibitors therapeutics

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Non-invasive splenic parameters of portal hypertension:Assessment and utility

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第11期12卷 1055-1066页

作者： Ayesha Karim Ahmad Sebastiana Atzori James Maurice Simon D Taylor-Robinson Adrian KP Lim Liver Unit Department of DigestionMetabolism&ReproductionFaculty of MedicineImperial College LondonLondon W21NYUnited Kingdom Liver Unit Department of DigestionMetabolism&ReproductionImperial College LondonLondon W21NYUnited Kingdom Liver Unit and Imaging Department of DigestionMetabolism&ReproductionImperial College LondonLondon W21NYUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Portal hypertension is a major complication of cirrhosis that is associated with significant morbidity and *** present gold-standard method to risk stratify and observe cirrhosis patients with portal hypertension is hepatic venous pressure gradient measurement or ***,these methods are invasive,carry a risk of complications and are associated with significant patient ***,non-invasive splenic parameters are of clinical interest as potential useful markers in determining the presence of portal ***,diagnostic accuracy and reproducibility remains *** To assess the diagnostic accuracy of spleen stiffness,area and diameter in predicting the presence of portal *** Of 50 patients with varying liver disease pathologies were prospectively recruited from the ***’s Hospital Liver Unit in London;25 with evidence of portal hypertension and 25 with no evidence of portal *** stiffness,spleen stiffness,spleen diameter and spleen area were measured using the Philips Affiniti 70 elastography point quantification point shear wave elastography *** aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet-ratio-index(APRI)score was also *** measures,univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to evaluate demographic,clinical and elastography *** correlation coefficient was used to determine the reproducibility of splenic area and *** On univariate and individual performance,platelet count[area under the receiver operating characteristic(AUROC)0.846,P value<0.001],spleen area(AUROC 0.828,P value=0.002)and APRI score(AUROC 0.827,P value<0.001)were the most accurate variables in identifying the presence of portal *** multivariate logistic regression models constructed,the combination of spleen area greater than 57.90 cm2 and platelet count less than 126×10^9 had 63.2%sensitivity and 100%specificity

关键词： Portal hypertension Esophageal varices Point shear wave elastography Spleen stiffness Spleen area Non-invasive

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Liver function tests and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease:Changes in upper normal limits,does it really matter?

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第12期13卷 2104-2112页

作者： Roberta Forlano Benjamin H Mullish Ameet Dhar Robert D Goldin Mark Thursz Pinelopi Manousou Liver Unit/department of metabolism Digestion and ReproductionFaculty of MedicineImperial College LondonLondon W21NYUnited Kingdom Centre for Pathology Department of MedicineImperial College LondonLondon W21NYUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is the commonest cause of abnormal liver function tests(LFTs).Current upper normal of limit(UNL)of LFTs was derived from a“healthy”population,where undiagnosed MAFLD and viral hepatitis might be *** To evaluated potential implications of changes in UNL of alanine aminotransferase(ALT)in *** We retrospectively assessed consecutive first referrals with a diagnosis of MAFLD from 2010 to *** conventional UNL of ALT was 45 IU/L for men and 34 IU/L for women,while a low UNL of ALT was 30 IU/L for men and 19 IU/L for *** UNL of aspartate aminotransferase(AST)was 40 IU/*** Total 436 patients were enrolled;of these,288 underwent liver *** a lower UNL reduced the percentage of those with significant disease despite normal ALT;specifically,patients with advanced fibrosis(F≥F3)or definite“metabolic-associated steato-hepatitis(MASH)”(NAS≥5)within normal ALT decreased from 10%to 1%and from 28%to 4%***,the proportion of those with elevated ALT and no evidence of advanced fibrosis or“definite MASH”increased from 39%to 47%and from 3%to 19%.Overall,LFTs performed poorly in distinguishing“definite MASH”from simple steatosis(receiver operating characteristic areas under the curves 0.59 for ALT and 0.55 for AST).CONCLUSION Liver function tests might both under-and overestimate MASH-related liver *** the UNL might not be beneficial and imply an increase in healthcare *** stratification in MAFLD should rely on a combination of risk factors,not on LFTs alone.

关键词： Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease Liver function tests Alanine aminotransferase Fibrosis Stiffness

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Clinical effects and complications of TIPS for portal hypertension due to cirrhosis:A single center

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第44期19卷 8085-8092页

作者： Jian-Ping Qin Ming-De Jiang Wen Tang Xiao-Ling Wu Xin Yao Wei-Zheng Zeng Hui Xu Qian-Wen He Ming Gu department of digestion Chengdu Military General Hospital department of Radiology Chengdu Military General Hospital

AIM:To determine the clinical effects and complications of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)for portal hypertension due to ***:Two hundred and eighty patients with portal hypertension due to cirrhosis who underwent TIPS were retrospectively *** trunk pressure was measured before and after *** changes in hemodynamics and the condition of the stent were assessed by ultrasound and the esophageal and fundic veins observed ***:The success rate of TIPS was 99.3%.The portal trunk pressure was 26.8±3.6 cmH2O after surgery and 46.5±3.4 cmH2O before surgery(P<0.01).The velocity of blood flow in the portal vein *** internal diameters of the portal and splenic veins were *** short-term hemostasis rate was100%.Esophageal varices disappeared completely in68%of patients and were obviously reduced in 32%.Varices of the stomach fundus disappeared completely in 80%and were obviously reduced in 20%of *** disappeared in 62%,were markedly reduced in 24%,but were still apparent in 14%of *** total effective rate of ascites reduction was 86%.Hydrothorax completely disappeared in 100%of *** incidence of post-operative stent stenosis was 24%at 12 mo and 34%at 24 *** incidence of post-operative hepatic encephalopathy was 12%at3 mo,17%at 6 mo and 19%at 12 *** incidence of post-operative recurrent hemorrhage was 9%at 12mo,19%at 24 mo and 35%at 36 *** cumulative survival rate was 86%at 12 mo,81%at 24 mo,75%at 36 mo,57%at 48 mo and 45%at 60 ***:TIPS can effectively lower portal hypertension due to *** is significantly effective for hemorrhage of the digestive tract due to rupture of esophageal and fundic veins and for ascites and hydrothorax caused by portal hypertension.

关键词： Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt Cirrhosis Portal hypertension Therapeutic effect Complication

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Effect of Oxymatrine on the TGFbeta-Smad signaling pathway in rats with CCl_4-induced hepatic fibrosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第13期14卷 2100-2105页

作者： Xiao-Ling Wu Wei-Zheng Zeng Ming-De Jiang Jian-Ping Qin Hui Xu department of digestion General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command Chengdu 610083 Sichuan Province China

AIM： To explore the anti-fibrotic effect of Oxymatrine on CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in rats and its modulation on the TGFbeta-Smad signaling pathway. METHODS： One hundred healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups： normal group （n = 20）, treatment group of Oxymatrine （n = 40） and CCh-induced fibrosis group （n = 40）. Experimental hepatic fibrosis was induced by subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride （CCh soluted in liquid paraffin with the concentration of 300 g/L, the dosage of injection was 3 mL/kg, twice per week for 8 wk）. The treated rats received Oxymatrine via celiac injection at a dosage of 10 mg/kg twice a week at the same time. The deposition of collagen was observed with H＆E and Masson staining. The concentration of serum TGF-β1 was assayed with ELISA. The gene expression of Smads and CBP （CREB binding protein） was detected with in situ hybridization （ISH） and immunohistochemistry （IH）, respectively. All the experimental figures were scanned and analyzed with special figure-analysis software. RESULTS： A significant reduction of collagen deposition and rearrangement of the parenchyma was noted in the liver tissue of Oxymatrine-treated rats. The semi- quantitative histological scores （2.43 ± 0.47 μm^2 vs 3.76 ±0.68, P 〈 0.05） and average area of collagen/in those rats were significantly decreased when compared with hepatic cirrhosis model rats （94.41 ± 37.26 μm^2 vs 290.86 ± 89.37 μm^2, P 〈 0.05）. The gene expression of Smad 3 mRNA was considerably decreased in the treated animals. The A value of Smad 3 mRNA was lower in the treated rats than the model rats （0.034 ± 0.090 vs 0.167 ± 0.092, P 〈 0.05）. Contrarily, the A value of Smad 7 mRNA was increased considerably in the treated animals （0.175 ± 0.065 vs 0.074 vs 0.012, P 〈 0.05）. There was an obvious decrease in the expression of CBP mRNA in treated rats as illuminated by a reduction of its A value when compared with model rats （0.065±0.049 vs 0.235 ± 0.025, P 〈 0.001）. CONCLUSI

关键词： Oxymatrine Hepatic Fibrosis TGF-Smad signaling

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Analysis of the treatment outcomes of esophageal variceal bleeding patients from multiple centers in China

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Frontiers of Medicine 2008年第2期2卷 171-173页

作者： Hepatobiliary Disease Group,Chinese Gastroenterology Association,China Zhiqiang WANG 不详 department of digestion PLA General HospitalChina

This study aimed to investigate the treatment outcomes of esophageal variceal bleeding(EVB)in China.A total of 1087 cases were collected from 19 hospitals in 16 large and medium sized cities across China between January 1st,2005 and January 1st,*** were 313 cases(29.0%)of mild(1500 mL)*** hemostasis was achieved in 89.8%of *** hundred and eighty-five cases were treated by medication with a hemostasis rate of 91.8%.Seventy-one cases were treated using a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube with a hemostasis rate of 54.9%.Thirty-seven cases were treated with emergency endoscopic variceal ligation with a hemostasis rate of 83.8%.Seventy-seven cases were treated with endoscopic sclerotherapy with a hemostasis rate of 94.8%.Forty-three cases were treated with emergency surgical operation with a hemostasis rate of 95.3%.Sixty-six cases were treated with combined therapy with a hemostasis rate of 97.0%.There was a significant difference(P<0.01)in the successful hemostasis rate between different *** overall mortality was 10.1%,among which 6.6%was directly caused by *** multivariate logistic regression analysis shows that the severity of bleeding,treatment methods,liver dysfunction and activation of hepatitis were predictive factors for suc-cessful *** cases of EVB were mild and mod-erate in *** first-line treatment for EVB is *** endoscopic intervention has not been widely available *** overall management out-come of EVB has been improved.

关键词： hypertension,portal esophageal and gastric varices gastrointestinal hemorrhage therapeutics

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Effects of sulfhydryl compounds on pancreatic cytoprotection in acute necrotic pancreatitis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2003年第1期116卷 57-61页

作者：崔培林杨昭徐张磊孙异临 department of digestion

Objective To observe sulfhydryl compound variation in the injury of pancreatic cells and the effects of external sulfhydryl compounds on *** Male Wistar mice were divided randomly into three groups: groups A and B served as animal models (retrograde duct infusion with 5% sodium taurocholate), in group A, 45 animals were treated with normal saline therapy, in group B, 45 aminals were treated with Tiopronin therapy; and group C, 15 animals, were designated as normal control. Animals were killed at 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 h, and pancreatic tissue was analyzed for total sulfhydryl (TSH), nonprotein sulfhydryl (NPSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Histopathology, serum amylase (Sam) and C reactive protein (CRP) were assessed as *** Levels of Sam and CRP increased in both group A and group B, with corresponding pathological changes of acute nerotic pancreatitis (ANP). Levels of TSH, NPSH and protein sulfhydryl (PSH) in group A decreased markedly during pancreatitis (P<0.01), but MDA increased significantly (P<0.01). The depletion of NPSH in group B was markedly ameliorated at 4 h or 6 h, when Tiopronin was prophylactically administered (P<0.05), after which the level of MDA showed very little increase when compared to group A (P<0.01). Histopathological damage was attenuated to a certain extent, in regards to serum amylase and *** All sulfhydryl compounds decreased significantly during ANP; external sulfhydryl compound could protect the pancreatic cells most likely as a type of scavengers of oxygen free radicals, which are critically involved in the pathophysiology of ANP. Sulfhydryl plays an important role in the action of pancreatic cytoprotection.

关键词： cytoprotection sulfhydryl compound acute necrotic pancreatitis Tiopronin

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Downregulation of survivin by RNAi inhibits growth of human gastric carcinoma cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第8期13卷 1170-1174页

作者： Guo-Ying Miao Qi-Ming Lu Xiu-Lan Zhang department of digestion The People's Hospital of Gansu Province Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China

AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of a specific small survivin interfering RNA (siRNA) on cell proliferation and the expression of survivin in human gastric carcinoma cell line SGC-7901. METHODS: To knockdown survivin expression, a small interfering RNA targeting against survivin was synthesized and transfected into SGC-7901 cells with lipofectamineTM2000. The downregulation of survivin expression at both mRNA and protein levels were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. Cell proliferation inhibition rates were determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The effect of survivin siRNA on cell cycle distribution and cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry (FCM). RESULTS: RNA interference could efficiently suppress the survivin expression in SGC-7901 cells. At 48 h after transfection, the expression inhibition rate was 44.52% at mRNA level detected by RT-PCR and 40.17% at protein level by Western blot analysis. Downregulation of survivin resulted in significant inhibition of tumor cell growth in vitro. The cell proliferation inhibition rates at 24, 48 and 72 h after survivin siRNA and non-siliencing siRNA transfection, were 34.06%, 47.61% and 40.36%, respectively. The apoptosis rate was 3.56% and the number of cells was increased in G0/G1 phase from 38.2% to 88.6%, and decreased in S and G2/M phase at 48 h after transfection. CONCLUSION: Downregulation of survivin results in significant inhibition of tumor growth in vitro. The inhibition of survivin expression can induce apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells. The use of survivin siRNA deserves further investigation as a novel approach to cancer therapy.

关键词： Gastric carcinoma Survivin RNA interference Apoptosis Gene expression

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