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Antibiotic Resistance of Probiotic Strains of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Marketed Foods and Drugs

Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2009年第5期22卷 401-412页

作者： CHANG LIU, ZHUO-YANG ZHANG, KE DONG, JIAN-PING YUAN, AND XIAO-KUI GUO P1 P department of medical microbiology and parasitology, Institutes of medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China department of medical microbiology and parasitology Institutes of Medical Sciences Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200025 China

Objective To identify the antimicrobial resistance of commercial lactic acid bacteria present in microbial foods and drug additives by analyzing their isolated strains used for fermentation and probiotics. Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility of 41 screened isolates was tested with disc diffusion and E-test methods after species-level identification. Resistant strains were selected and examined for the presence of resistance genes by PCR. Results Distribution of resistance was found in different species. All isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol, tetracycline, ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cephalothin, and imipenem. In addition, isolates resistant to vancomycin, rifampicin, streptomycin, bacitracin, and erythromycin were detected, although the incidence of resistance to these antibiotics was relatively low. In contrast, most strains were resistant to ciprofloxacin, amikacin, trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole, and gentamycin. The genes msrC, vanX, and dfrA were detected in strains of Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus plantarum, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Lactococcus lactis. Conclusion Antibiotic resistance is present in different species of probiotic strains, which poses a threat to food safety. Evaluation of the safety of lactic acid bacteria for human consumption should be guided by established criteria, guidelines and regulations.

关键词： Disc diffusion E-test MICs vanX msrC dfrA

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Single-cell RNA sequencing to understand host-virus interactions

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第1期39卷 1-8页

作者： Jia-Tong Chang Li-Bo Liu Pei-Gang Wang Jing An department of microbiology School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China

Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)has allowed for the profiling of host and virus transcripts and host-virus interactions at single-cell resolution.This review summarizes the existing scRNA-seq technologies together with their strengths and weaknesses.The applications of scRNA-seq in various virological studies are discussed in depth,which broaden the understanding of the immune atlas,host-virus interactions,and immune repertoire.scRNA-seq can be widely used for virology in the near future to better understand the pathogenic mechanisms and discover more effective therapeutic strategies.

关键词： Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq) Host-virus interaction COVID-19 Flavivirus

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Effect of organic mineral supplementation in reducing oxidative stress in Holstein calves during short‑term heat stress and recovery conditions

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 812-825页

作者： A-Rang Son Seon-Ho Kim Mahfuzul Islam Michelle Miguel Ye Pyae Naing Sang-Suk Lee Ruminant Nutrition and Anaerobe Laboratory Department of Animal Science and TechnologySunchon National UniversitySuncheon 57922Korea department of microbiology and parasitology Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural UniversityDhaka 1207Bangladesh

Background This study investigated the effects of inorganic and organic minerals on physiological responses,oxidative stress reduction,and rumen microbiota in Holstein bull calves(123.81±9.76 kg;5 months old)during short-term heat stress(HS)and recovery periods.Eight Holstein calves were randomly assigned to four treatment groups:no mineral supplementation(Con),inorganic minerals(IM),organic minerals(OM),and high-concentration organic minerals(HOM)and two thermal environments(HS and recovery)using 4×2 factorial arrangement in a crossover design of four periods of 35 d.Calves were maintained in a temperature-controlled barn.The experimental period consisted of 14 d of HS,14 d of recovery condititon,and a 7-d washing period.Results Body temperature and respiration rate were higher in HS than in the recovery conditions(P0.05).The principal coordinate analysis represented that the overall rumen microbiota was not influenced by mineral supplementation;however,temperature-induced microbial structure shifts were indicated(PERMANOVA:P<0.05).At the phylum level,Firmicutes and Actinobacteria decreased,whereas Fibrobacteres,Spirochaetes,and Tenericutes increased(P<0.05),under HS conditions.The genus Treponema increased under HS conditions,while Christensenella was higher in recovery conditions(P<0.05).Conclusion HOM supplementation during HS reduced cor

关键词： Antioxidant status Heat stress Holstein bull calves Organic mineral supplementation Oxidative stress

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A Sensitive and Specific IgM-ELISA for the Serological Diagnosis of Human Leptospirosis Using a rLipL32/1-LipL21-OmpL1/2 Fusion Protein

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2011年第3期24卷 291-299页

作者： SUN AiHua WANG Yuan DU Peng WU ShengLing YAN Jie Zhejiang medical College Hangzhou 310053 Zhejiang China department of medical microbiology and parasitology College of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 Zhejiang China The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese medical University Hangzhou 310006 Zhejiang China

Objective To construct a lipL32//1-1ipL21-OmpL1//2 fusion gene and its prokaryotic expression system, and to establish an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） using the rLipL32/1-LipL21-OmpL1/2 fusion antigen of Leptospira interrogans for sensitive and specific detection of IgM in the serum of patients with leptospirosis. Methods lipL32/1-1ipL21-OmpL1/2 fusion genes were constructed using a primer-linking PCFI. The target recombinant protein antigens, rLipL32/1, rLipL21, rOmpL1/2 and rLipL32/1-LipL21-OmpL1/2, were expressed and the purified antigens were then immobilized to the surface of microplate wells for ELISA-based detection of IgM in the sera of leptospirosis patients; Results Of 493 acute leptospirosis patients, 95.7% and 97.8% were positive by rLipL32/1-LipL21- OmpL1/2-1gM-ELISA using different serum dilutions, which was higher than the rLipL32/1-1gM-ELISA （93.1% and 90.3%）, rLipL21-1gM-ELISA （90.3% and 87.0%）, and rOmpLI-lgM-ELISA （85.6% and 81.1%）（P〈0.01）. All IgM-ELISAs tested negative against 56 non-leptospirosis patients with typhoid fever, hemorrhagic fever or dengue fever. Conclusion Trigeminal fusion antigen increases ELISA sensitivity and the rLipL32/1-LipL21-OmpL1/2- IgM-ELISA is a sensitive and specific serological diagnostic method for clinical leptospirosis.

关键词： Leptospira Outer membrane protein Fusion antigen, Recombinant expression IgM-ELISA

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Rapid Detection of rpoB Gene Mutations in Rif-resistant M.tuberculosis Isolates by Oligonucleotide Microarray

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2009年第3期22卷 253-258页

作者： AI-HUA SUN XING-LI FAN LI-WEI LI LI-FANG WANG WEN-YING AN JIE YAN department of Basic Medicine Zhejiang Medical College Hangzhou 310053 Zhejiang China department of medical microbiology and parasitology Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 Zhejiang China School of lnternational Stud3 Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 Zhejiang China

Objective To detect the specific mutations in rpoB gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by oligonucleotide microarray. Methods Four wild-type and 8 mutant probes were used to detect rifampin resistant strains. Target DNA of M. tuberculosis was amplified by PCR, hybridized and scanned. Direct sequencing was performed to verify the results of oligonucleotide microarray Results Of the 102 rifampin-resistant strains 98 （96.1%） had mutations in the rpoB genes. Conclusion Oligonucleotide microarray with mutation-specific probes is a reliable and useful tool for the rapid and accurate diagnosis of rifampin resistance in M. tuberculosis isolates.

关键词： Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rifampin resistance rpoB gene / site mutation Oligonucleotide microarray/detection

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Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor DNA prime-protein boost strategy to enhance efficacy of a recombinant pertussis DNA vac-cine

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2006年第11期27卷 1487-1494页

作者： Qing-tian LI~(2,3,5)Yong-zhang ZHU~(2,3,5)Jia-you CHU~(2,6)Ke DONG~3 Ping HE~3 Chun-yan FENG~3 Bao-yu HU~3 Shu-min ZHANG~4 Xiao-kui GUO~(3,6)2 Institute of medical Biology,Peking Union medical College and Chinese Academy of medical Sciences,Kunming 650118,China 3 department of medical microbiology and parasitology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025,China 4 Chinese National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products,Beijing 100050,China Institute of medical Biology Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Kunming China department of medical microbiology and parasitology Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China Chinese National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products Beijing China

Aim:To investigate a new strategy to enhance the efficacy of a recombinantpertussis DNA vaccine.The strategy is co-injection with cytokine plasmids asprime,and boosted with purified homologous proteins.Method:A recombinantpertussis DNA vaccine containing the pertussis toxin subunit 1(PTS 1),fragmentsof the filamentous hemagglutinin(FHA)gene and pertactin(PRN)gene encodingfilamentous hemagglutinin and pertactin were constructed.Balb/c mice were im-munized with several DNA vaccines and antigen-specific antibodies anti-PTS1,anti-PRN,anti-FHA,cytokines interleukin(IL)-10,IL-4,IFN-γ,TNF-α,and spleno-cyte-proliferation assay were used to describe immune responses.Results:Therecombinant DNA vaccine could elicit similar immune responses in mice as that ofseparate plasmids encoding the 3 fragments,respectively.Mice immunized withDNA and boosted with the corresponding protein elicited more antibodies thanthose that received DNA as boost.In particular,when the mice were co-immu-nized with murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor plasmidsand boosted with proteins,all 4 cytokines and the 3 antigen-specific antibodieswere significantly increased compared to the pVAX1 group.Anti-PTS1,anti-FHA,IL-4 and TNF-α elicited in the colony stimulating factor(CSF)prime-proteinboost group showed significant increase compared to all the other groups.Conclusion:This prime and boost strategy has proven to be very useful in im-proving the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines against pertussis.

关键词： granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor pertussis DNA vaccines

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Development of Quantitative Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Detection of Vibrio vulnificus Based on Hemolysin (vvhA) Coding System

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2008年第4期21卷 296-301页

作者： ZENG-HUI WU YONG-LIANG LOU YI-YU LU JIE YAN department of medical microbiology and parasitology College of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 Zhejiang China Wenzhou medical College Wenzhou 325035 Zhejiang China Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Hangzhou 310009 Zhejiang China

Objective To establish a TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR to detect Vibrio vulnificus based on the hemolysin gene （vvhA） coding cytolysin. Methods Primers and probes in the conserved region of the vvhA gene sequence were designed for the TaqMan real-time PCR to detect 100 bp amplicon from V. vulnificus DNA. Recombinant plasmid pMD19-vvhA100 was constructed and used as a positive control during the detection. Minimal amplification cycles （Ct value） and fluorescence intensity enhancement （ARn value） were used as observing indexes to optimize the reaction conditions of TaqMan real-time PCR. The TaqMan assay for the detection of Vbirio vulnificus was evaluated in pure culture, mice tissue which artificially contaminated Vibrio vulnificus and clinical samples. Results The established TaqMan real-time PCR showed positive results only for Vibrio vulnificus DNA and pMD19-vvhA100. The standard curve was plotted and the minimum level of the vvhA target from the recombinant plasmid DNA was 103 copies with a Ct value of 37.94±0.19, as the equivalent of 0.01 ng purified genomic DNA of Vibrio vulnificus. The results detected by TaqMan PCR were positive for the 16 clinical samples and all the specimens of peripheral blood and subcutaneous tissue of mice which were infected with Vibrio vulnificus. Conclusion TaqMan real-time PCR is a rapid, effective, and quantitative tool to detect Vibro vulnificus, and can be used in clinical laboratory diagnosis of septicemia and wound infection caused by Vibrio vulnificus.

关键词： Vibrio vulnificus vvhA gene TaqMan probe Real-time quantitative PCR Detection

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Er_(2)TiO_(5)@Ag nanocomposites:Enhanced photocatalysis and bacteria inactivation,and cytotoxicity

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第5期42卷 851-858,I0002页

作者： Mehdi Nazeri Hossein Sedaghat Reza Rafiei Mohammad Amin Farzin Seyed Mostafa Hosseinpour Mashkani department of parasitology and Mycology Kashan University of Medical SciencesKashanIran department of microbiology Kashan University of Medical SciencesKashanIran General Medicine Student School of MedicineKashan University of Medical SciencesKashanIran Student Research Committee Kashan University of Medical SciencesKashanIran Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices School of Mathematical and Physical SciencesFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Technology SydneyNSW2007Australia

In this study,we successfully synthesized Er_(2)TiO_(5)@Ag nanocomposites(NCPs) using the ultrasonicmediated sol-gel technique to create a multifunctional material with enhanced photocatalytic and antibacterial properties.The visible light photocatalytic activities of Er_(2)TiO_(5) nanoparticles(NPs) and Er_(2)TiO_(5)@Ag NCPs were systematically evaluated under various conditions,including different concentrations of Basic Blue 41(BB 41) dye and photocatalyst.The results reveal a remarkable improvement in the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of Er_(2)TiO_(5)@Ag NCPs(95%) compared to Er_(2)TiO_(5) NPs(80%).Furthermore,the antibacterial efficacy of Er_(2)TiO_(5) NPs and Er2TiO_5@Ag NCPs were extensively examined against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.Notably,Er_(2)TiO_(5)@Ag NCPs exhibit significantly higher minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC) values compared to Er_(2)TiO_(5) NPs.The antibacterial effect of Er_(2)TiO_(5)@Ag NCPs is particularly pronounced against S.aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa,while demonstrating moderate effects on Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis.To assess the biocompatibility of the synthesized materials,we investigated their internalization by MCF-7 cells.Encouragingly,both Er_(2)TiO_(5) NPs and Er_(2)TiO_(5)@Ag NCPs are found to be effectively internalized by the cells,suggesting their potential application in biomedical fields.Intriguingly,our study unveils the exceptional potential of Er_(2)TiO_(5)@Ag NCPs as a dual-action solution,simultaneously possessing enhanced photocatalytic efficiency and potent antibacterial properties.This multifunctional nanocomposite not only outperforms Er_(2)TiO_(5) and Ag but also paves the way for innovative applications in sustainable environmental remediation and advanced biomedical technologies,promising a brighter and cleaner future.

关键词： Rare earth catalysis Nanocomposite Er_(2)TiO_(5)@Ag Antibacterial activity Photocatalysis Cytotoxicity

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Metabolic syndrome and the urinary microbiome of patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 316-323页

作者： Ryan A.Dornbier Chirag P.Doshi Shalin C.Desai Petar Bajic Michelle Van Kuiken Mark Khemmani Ahmer V.Farooq Larissa Bresler Thomas M.T.Turk Alan J.Wolfe Kristin G.Baldea Loyola University medical Center Department of UrologyMaywoodILUSA Loyola University Chicago Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyMaywoodILUSA

Objective:To identify possible stone-promoting microbes,we compared the profiles of microbes grown from stones of patients with and without metabolic syndrome(MetS).The association between MetS and urinary stone disease is well established,but the exact pathophysiologic relationship remains unknown.Recent evidence suggests urinary tract dysbiosis may lead to increased nephrolithiasis risk.Methods:At the time of percutaneous nephrolithotomy,bladder urine and stone fragments were collected from patients with and without MetS.Both sample types were subjected to expanded quantitative urine culture(EQUC)and 16 S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.Results:Fifty-seven patients included 12 controls(21.1%)and 45 MetS patients(78.9%).Both cohorts were similar with respect to demographics and non-MetS comorbidities.No controls had uric acid stone composition.By EQUC,bacteria were detected more frequently in MetS stones(42.2%)compared to controls(8.3%)(p=0.041).Bacteria also were more abundant in stones of MetS patients compared to controls.To validate our EQUC results,we performed 16 S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.In 12/16(75.0%)sequence-positive stones,EQUC reliably isolated at least one species of the sequenced genera.Bacteria were detected in both“infectious”and“non-infectious”stone compositions.Conclusion:Bacteria are more common and more abundant in MetS stones than control stones.Our findings support a role for bacteria in urinary stone disease for patients with MetS regardless of stone composition.

关键词： Nephrolithiasis Urolithiasis Metabolic syndrome Urinary microbiome Percutaneous nephrolithotomy

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Evaluation of urea breath test as a diagnostic tool for Helicobacter pylori infection in adult dyspeptic patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第17期30卷 2302-2307页

作者： Zeinab Nabil Ahmed Said Asmaa Mohamed El-Nasser department of medical microbiology&Immunology Faculty of Medicine for Girls Al-Azhar UniversityNasr City 11754CairoEgypt

In this editorial,we discuss the article in the World Journal of Gastroenterology.The article conducts a meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of the urea breath test(UBT),a non-invasive method for detecting Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection in humans.It is based on radionuclide-labeled urea.Various methods,both invasive and non-invasive,are available for diagnosing H.pylori infection,inclu-ding endoscopy with biopsy,serology for immunoglobulin titers,stool antigen analysis,and UBT.Several guidelines recommend UBTs as the primary choice for diagnosing H.pylori infection and for reexamining after eradication therapy.It is used to be the first choice non-invasive test due to their high accuracy,specificity,rapid results,and simplicity.Moreover,its performance remains unaffected by the distribution of H.pylori in the stomach,allowing a high flow of patients to be tested.Despite its widespread use,the performance characteristics of UBT have been inconsistently described and remain incompletely defined.There are two UBTs available with Food and Drug Administration approval:The 13C and 14C tests.Both tests are affordable and can provide real-time results.Physicians may prefer the 13C test because it is non-radioactive,compared to 14C which uses a radioactive isotope,especially in young children and pregnant women.Although there was heterogeneity among the studies regarding the diagnostic accuracy of both UBTs,13C-UBT consistently outperforms the 14C-UBT.This makes the 13C-UBT the preferred diagnostic approach.Furthermore,the provided findings of the meta-analysis emphasize the significance of precise considerations when choosing urea dosage,assessment timing,and measurement techniques for both the 13C-UBT and 14C-UBT,to enhance diagnostic precision.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Urea breath test Diagnosis Diagnostic test accuracy Meta-analysis

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