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Psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy:population co-occurrence,genetic correlations and causal effects

General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 103-111页

作者： Viktor H Ahlqvist Christina Dardani Paul Madley-Dowd Harriet Forbes Jessica Rast Caichen Zhong Renee M Gardner Christina Dalman Kristen Lyal cRAIG Newschaffer Torbjorn Tomson Michael Lundberg Daniel Berglind Neil M Davies Brian K Lee Cecilia Magnusson Dheeraj Rai department of Global Public Health Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK Centre for Academic Mental Health Population Health SciencesBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK A.J.Drexel Autism Institute Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA College of Health and Human Development Pennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePAUSA department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine Region StockholmStockholmSweden K.G Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology Department of Public Health and NursingNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway Division of Psychiatry University Collge LondonLondonUK department of Statistical Sciences University Cllge LondonLondonK NIHR Biomedical Research Centre University of BristoBristolUK Avon and Wiltshire Partnership NHS Mental Health TrustBristolUK

Background Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with *** for the co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions and epilepsy remain poorly *** We aimed to triangulate the relationship between epilepsy and psychiatric conditions to determine the extent and possible origins of these *** Using nationwide Swedish health registries,we quantified the lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with *** then used summarydata from genome-wide association studies to investigate whether the identified observational associations could be attributed to a shared underlying genetic aetiology using cross-trait linkage disequilibrium score ***,we assessed the potential bidirectional relationships using two-sample Mendelian *** In a cohort of 7628495 individuals,we found that almost half of the 94435 individuals diagnosed with epilepsy were also diagnosed with a psychiatric condition in their lifetime(adjusted lifetime prevalence,44.09%;95%confidence interval(Cl)43.78%to 44.39%).We found evidence for a genetic correlation between epilepsy and some neurodevelopmental and psychiatric *** example,we observed a genetic correlation between epilepsy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(r,=0.18,95%Cl 0.09 to 0.27,p<0.001)—a correlation that was more pronounced in focal epilepsy(r=0.23,95%CI 0.09 to 0.36,p<0.001).Findings from Mendelian randomisation using common genetic variants did not support bidirectional effects between epilepsy and neurodevelopmental or psychiatric *** Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with *** correlations may partially explain some comorbidities;however,there is little evidence of a bidirectional relationship between the genetic liability of epilepsy and psychiatric *** findings highlight the need to understand the role of environmental factors or rare genetic variations in the origins of psy

关键词： epilepsy Psychiat lifetime

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SHARE-ENV:A Data Set to Advance Our Knowledge of the Environment−Wellbeing Relationship

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Environment & Health 2024年第2期2卷 95-104页

作者： Catarina Midões Enrica De Cian Giacomo Pasini Sara Pesenti Malcolm N.Mistry department of Economics Ca’Foscari University of Venice30121 VeneziaItaly Institute of Environmental Science and technology of Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona 08193 Cerdanyola del VallèsBarcelonaSpain European Central Bank 60314 Frankfurt am MainGermany Environment and Health Modelling(EHM)Lab Department of Public HealthEnvironments and SocietyLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine(LSHTM)London WC1E 7HTUnited Kingdom

Climate change interacts with other environmental stressors and vulnerability *** places and,owing to socioeconomic conditions,some people,are far more at *** data behind current assessments of the environment−wellbeing nexus is coarse and regionally aggregated,when considering multiple regions/groups;or,when granular,comes from ad hoc samples with few *** assess the impacts of climate change,we require data that are granular and comprehensive,both in the variables and population *** build a publicly accessible data set,the SHARE-ENV data set,which fulfills these *** expand on EU representative,individual-level,longitudinal data(the SHARE survey),with environmental exposure information about temperature,radiation,precipitation,pollution,and flood *** illustrate through four simplified multilevel linear regressions,cross-sectional and longitudinal,how full-fledged studies can use SHARE-ENV to contribute to the *** studies would help assess climate impacts and estimate the effectiveness and fairness of several climate adaptation *** surveys can be expanded with environmental information to unlock different research avenues.

关键词： climate change risk environmental impacts climate adaptation population health longitudinal data

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Traditional Chinese Medicine in the treatment of recurrent respiratory tract infections in children: an overview of systematic reviews and Meta-analyses

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第5期44卷 871-884页

作者： DENG Yasheng HAN Siyin XI Lanhua HUANG Hui LIANG Tianwei ZHENG Yiqing FAN Yanping LIN Jiang School of Basic medical Sciences Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine School of Basic medical Sciences Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineGuangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs department of Pharmacy Hainan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and summarise the evidence from published Meta-analyses/systematic reviews(MAs/SRs) of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) in the treatment of recurrent respiratory tract infections(RRTIs) and to provide a scientific basis for the clinical treatment of RRTIs with TCM. METHODS: Studies were retrieved from Chinese and English databases including the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database, China Science and technology Journal Database, SinoM ed, PubM ed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and EMbase from their establishment date to March 2023. Involved studies were screened, extracted, and evaluated for quality by two researchers independently. The a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews(AMSTAR) 2 scale was used for methodological quality evaluation, as well as the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and Meta-analyses(PRISMA) 2020 statement for report quality evaluation, the risk of bias in systematic reviews(ROBIS) tool for risk of bias, and the grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluation(GRADE) quality assessment tool for evidence quality. RESULTS: Twenty MAs/SRs studies were included, including analyses of 274 original studies involving 38 335 patients with RRTIs. The AMSTAR 2 scale evaluation results showed that 19 studies were of very low quality and one of moderate quality. The ROBIS evaluation results showed that 11 MAs/SRs were at high risk and nine at low risk of bias. The PRISMA 2020 report quality showed the included studies had scores between 23.5 and 35.5, among them one with high quality, 17 with moderate quality and two with low quality. The GRADE system results showed that among 126 outcome indicators, only 17 had moderate quality of evidence, 27 had low quality, 82 had very low quality, and none had high quality. CONCLUSIONS: The MAs/SRs methodological quality of using TCM for treatment RRTIs is generally poor, the quality of reports as well as of evidence is generall

关键词： Meta-analysis child medicine, Chinese traditional randomized controlled trial respiratory tract infections systematic review

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Accurate characterization of bubble mixing uniformity in a circular region using computational geometric theory

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 149-159页

作者： Hui Sun Jianxin Xu Shibo Wang Guangcheng Cai Hua Wang Wuliang Yin State Key Laboratory ofComplex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization Kunming University ofScience and TechnologyKunming650093China bFaulty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming University ofScience and TechnologyKunming650093China Faculty of Science Kunming University ofScience and TechnologyKunming650500China department of Elec.and Electronic Engineering.University of Manchester ManchesterM139PL UK

The present study proposes a novel method based on the geometric theory for measuring the distribution of bubble swarms in the circular region of a direct-contact heat *** was determined that the mixing is uniform when the average distance between the bubble swarms in the unit circular region is approximately 0.9054,which is the standard reference *** effect of sample size(i.e.,the number of bubbles)on mixing uniformity was investigated to determine the optimal sample *** was verified that the metric's accuracy and stability were higher with a sample size of ***,it was proposed to increase the sample size by filling irregular bubbles using a segmentation method,which enabled a further accurate assessment of the mixing *** mixing uniformity of bubble swarms in the circular region and its maximum internal connection with the square region was accurately *** was revealed that the relative average error increased by approximately 3.47% due to information *** proposed method was demonstrated to be rotationally *** present study provided novel insights into evaluating mixing uniformity,which would guide enhanced heat transfer and the effective evaluation of the spatiotemporal characteristics of transient mixing in circular regions or the cross-sections of chemical transport pipelines.

关键词： Direct-contact heat exchanger Circular region Bubble swarm Distribution uniformity AD-Circle method

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Efficacy and Safety of Bufei Jiedu Granules in Treating Multidrug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis:A Multi-center,Double-Blinded and Randomized Controlled Trial

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第7期30卷 579-587页

作者： ZHANG Shao-yan QIU Lei ZHANG Shun-xian XIAO He-ping CHU Nai-hui ZHANG Xia ZHANG Hui-qiang ZHENG Pei-yong ZHANG Hui-yong LU Zhen-hui Institute of Respiratory Diseases Longhua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China Clinical Research Center Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China department of Tuberculosis Shanghai Pulmonary HospitalTongji UniversityShanghai200433China department of Tuberculosis Beijing Chest HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing101100China department of Tuberculosis the Second Hospital of NanjingNanjing210003China department of Tuberculosis the First Hospital Affiliated to Xinxiang Medical CollegeXinxiangHenan Province453100China

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of Bufei Jiedu(BFJD) Granules as adjuvant therapy for patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis(MDR-PTB). Methods: A large-scale, multi-center, double-blinded, and randomized controlled trial was conducted in 18 sentinel hospitals in China from December 2012 to December 2016. A total of 312 MDR-PTB patients were randomly assigned to BFJD Granules or placebo groups(1:1) using a stratified randomization method, which both received the long-course chemotherapy regimen for 18 months(6 Am-Lfx-P-Z-Pto, 12 Lfx-P-Z-Pto). Meanwhile, patients in both groups also received BFJD Granules or placebo twice a day for a total of 18 months, respectively. The primary outcome was cure rate. The secondary outcomes included time to sputum-culture conversion, changes in lung cavities and quality of life(QoL) of patients. Adverse reactions were monitored during and after the trial. Results: A total of 216 cases completed the trial, 111 in the BFJD Granules group and 105 in the placebo group. BFJD Granules, as adjuvant treatment, increased the cure rate by 13.6% at the end of treatment, compared with the placebo(58.4% vs. 44.8%, P=0.02), and accelerated the median time to sputum-culture conversion(5 months vs. 11 months). The cavity closure rate of the BFJD Granules group(50.6%, 43/85) was higher than that of the placebo group(32.1%, 26/81;P=0.02) in patients who completed the treatment. At the end of the intensive treatment, according to the 36-item Short Form, the BFJD Granules significantly improved physical functioning, general health, and vitality of patients relative to the placebo group(all Pcourse chemotherapy regimen significantly increased the cure rate and cavity closure rate, and rapidly improved QoL of pati

关键词： alternative medicine Chinese herbal formula Bufei Jiedu Granules multidrug-resistant tuberculosis long-course chemotherapy regimen randomized controlled trial

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Biological factors driving colorectal cancer metastasis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第2期16卷 259-272页

作者： Shuai-Xing An Zhao-Jin Yu Chen Fu Min-Jie Wei Long-Hai Shen department of Pharmacology School of PharmacyChina Medical UniversityShenyang 110122Liaoning ProvinceChina Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Development and Evaluation Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research CenterKey Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors(China Medical University)Ministry of EducationShenyang 110122Liaoning ProvinceChina BD department Greenpine Pharma Group Co.LtdTianjin 300020China Center of Oncology Genertec Liaoyou Gem Flower HospitalPanJin 124010Liaoning ProvinceChina

Approximately 20%of colorectal cancer(CRC)patients present with metastasis at *** Stage I-III CRC patients who undergo surgical resection,18%typically suffer from distal metastasis within the first three years following initial *** median survival duration after the diagnosis of metastatic CRC(mCRC)is only 9 *** is traditionally considered to be an advanced stage malignancy or is thought to be caused by incomplete resection of tumor tissue,allowing cancer cells to spread from primary to distant organs;however,increa-sing evidence suggests that the mCRC process can begin early in tumor *** patients present with high heterogeneity and diverse cancer phenotypes that are classified on the basis of molecular and morphological *** genomic and nongenomic events can induce subclone diversity,which leads to cancer and *** the course of mCRC,metastatic cascades are associated with invasive cancer cell migration through the circulatory system,extravasation,distal seeding,dormancy,and reactivation,with each step requiring specific molecular ***,cancer cells presenting neoantigens can be recognized and eliminated by the immune *** this review,we explain the biological factors that drive CRC metastasis,namely,genomic instability,epigenetic instability,the metastatic cascade,the cancer-immunity cycle,and external lifestyle *** remarkable progress in CRC research,the role of molecular classification in therapeutic intervention remains *** review shows the driving factors of mCRC which may help in identifying potential candidate biomarkers that can improve the diagnosis and early detection of mCRC cases.

关键词： cancer Metastasis cascade Cancer immunity Genomic variation Epigenetic instability Lifestyle factor

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Emerging role of molecular diagnosis and personalized therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma

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iLIVER 2024年第1期3卷 38-44页

作者： Ming-Da Wang Yong-Kang Diao Lan-Qing Yao Zhong-Qi Fan Ke-Chun Wang Han Wu Li-Hui Gu Jia-Hao Xu Chao Li Guo-Yue Lv Tian Yang department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalSecond Military Medical University(Navy Medical University)Shanghai 200438China department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery General Surgery CenterFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021China

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a prevalent malignancy worldwide,ranking as the sixth most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer-related *** diagnosis,limited management options,and its complex etiology contribute to the poor prognosis and high mortality *** advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of HCC and innovations in high-throughput sequencing technologies have led to the development of molecular diagnostics and personalized therapies for this challenging *** review provides a comprehensive overview of research on the molecular diagnosis and individualized treatment for *** highlight key advances and potential future directions and discuss the application of next-generation sequencing technologies to identify and characterize genetic and epigenetic alterations in HCC *** technologies may aid in the selection of targeted therapies,prediction of treatment response,and monitoring disease ***,we explore the role of liquid biopsy in HCC diagnosis,prognosis prediction,and treatment monitoring,focusing on circulating tumor cells,circulating tumor DNA,and extracellular *** also explore the evolving landscape of personalized therapy for HCC,including targeted therapies against key oncogenic signaling pathways,immune checkpoint inhibitors,tumor-agnostic therapies,and innovative cellbased *** discuss the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead in the quest to improve HCC patient outcomes through the integration of molecular diagnostics and individualized precision *** emphasize the need for multi-interdisciplinary collaboration,refinement of predictive and prognostic biomarkers,and the development of more effective combination strategies for HCC management in the new area of precision medicine.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Liquid biopsy Diagnosis Immune checkpoint inhibitors Targeted therapy

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Incidence,Risk Factors,and Prognosis of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Brain Metastases

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Current medical Science 2024年第1期44卷 180-186页

作者： Jin-cheng FENG Ying HE Georgios Polychronidis Jian XIN Shen YOU Jun XIONG department of Liver Transplantation Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology Laboratory of Liver TransplantationFrontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular NetworkWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China department of General Visceral and Transplant SurgeryUniversity of HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 110Heidelberg 69120Germany department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Fujian Provincial HospitalFuzhou 350001China

Objective Brain metastases significantly impact the clinical course of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).This study aimed to examine the age-related incidence,demographics,and survival of patients with HCC and brain *** Data of HCC patients from 2010 to 2015 in the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)Registry were screened for the presence of brain *** were stratified by age and *** logistic and Cox regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with brain metastases and those with overall survival(OS)and liver cancer-specific survival(CSS),*** A total of 141 HCC patients presenting with brain metastases were identified,accounting for 0.35% of all HCC patients and 2.37% of patients with metastatic *** all HCC patients,the incidence rate was the highest among patients aged 30-49 years old(0.47%).Ethnicity was not associated with the presence of brain metastases at the time of HCC ***,African-American patients presented with a significantly lower disease-specific survival[median time:1 month;interquartile range(IQR):0-3.0 months].Initial lung or bone metastasis was independently associated with an increased risk of the presence of brain metastases[odds ratio(OR):12.62,95% confidence interval(CI):8.40-18.97]but was not associated with a worse OS or CSS among those with brain *** This study identified the age-related incidence and risk factors of brain metastases in HCC *** results may contribute to the consideration of brain screening among patients with initial metastatic HCC with lung or bone metastases,and influence the counseling of this patient population regarding their prognosis.

关键词： brain metastases hepatocellular carcinoma age-related incidence cancer-specific survival overall survival

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Unveiling the Nexus the link between water quality index and phthalic acid ester concentrations in Tigris River

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第1期10卷 108-116页

作者： Shaymaa Arif Shukur Fikrat M.Hassan Saad Sabah Fakhry department of Biology College of Science for WomenUniversity of BaghdadIraq Ministry of Science and technology/Food Contamination Research Center Iraq

Monitoring water quality in an aquatic system is a crucial objective in pursuing sustainable development,despite the challenges posed by water scarcity and the impact of climate *** objective of the present study was to examine the water quality of the Tigris River along its course from the point of entry into Baghdad city to its exit,particularly in the presence of Phthalic Acid Esters(PAEs).In both dry and wet seasons and from five sites of the river,nine environmental factors(Turbidity,Total dissolved solids,pH,dissolved oxygen,Chloride,nitrate,phosphate,sulfate,and Biological oxygen demand)and three PAEs(di-n-butyl phthalate(DBP),di-isononyl phthalate(DiNP),and di-2-ethyl hexyl phthalate(DEHP))were *** revealed that the river has high levels of turbidity and Total dissolved solids,slightly alkaline,and well-aerated(dissolved oxygen>7 mg/L).Chloride,nitrate,phosphate,and sulfate values varied between seasons,as high values were recorded in the wet *** oxygen demand levels were higher during the dry *** highest value of total PAEs(2.20μg/L)was observed during the dry season,and the lowest value was in the wet season(1.16μg/L).The HQ results revealed that the river was ranked as a moderate risk *** the water quality index and environmental risk index classified the water quality as a poor category,with a high-risk score in the study sites within Baghdad ***,despite the acceptable limit of PAEs in the river's water(<3μg/L),its presence is an early alarm to withdraw attention to its environmental *** findings highlight the need for appropriate measures to control and remove pollutants to ensure a safe and healthy water supply in the Tigris River.

关键词： Phthalic acid esters di-n-butyl phthalate(DBP) di-isononyl phthalate(DiNP) di-2-ethyl hexyl phthalate(DEHP) Environmental risk index Tigris River Water pollution

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Follicle stimulating hormone controls granulosa cell glutamine synthesis to regulate ovulation

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Protein & Cell 2024年第7期15卷 512-529页

作者： Kai-Hui Zhang Fei-Fei Zhang Zhi-Ling Zhang Ke-Fei Fang Wen-Xing Sun Na Kong Min Wu Hai-Ou Liu Yan Liu Zhi Li Qing-Qing Cai Yang Wang Quan-Wei Wei Peng-Cheng Lin Yan Lin Wei Xu Cong-Jian Xu Yi-Yuan Yuan Shi-Min Zhao The Obstetrics&Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University State Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200090China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Children’s Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China department of Nutrition and Food hygiene School of Public HealthNantong UniversityNantong 226019China Reproductive Medicine Center The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing 210008China Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital of Fudan University Fudan UniversityShanghai 200240China department of Animal Science and technology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210014China Key Laboratory for Tibet Plateau Phytochemistry of Qinghai Province College of PharmacyQinghai University for NationalitiesXining 810007China Pediatric Research Institute Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University(Jinan Children’s Hospital)Jinan 250022China

Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is the leading cause of anovulatory *** understanding of the ovulation drivers hinders PCOS ***,we report that follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)controls follicular fluid(FF)glutamine levels to determine *** ovulation starts from FF-exposing granulosa cell(GC)*** glutamine,which decreases in pre-ovulation porcine FF,elevates in PCOS patients ***-glutamine chow to elevate FF glutamine inhibits mouse GC apoptosis and induces hormonal,metabolic,and morphologic PCOS ***,follicle-development-driving FSH promotes GC glutamine synthesis to elevate FF glutamine,which maintain follicle wall integrity by inhibiting GC apoptosis through inactivating ASK1-JNK apoptotic *** and glutamine inhibit the rapture of cultured murine *** removal or ASK1-JNK pathway activation with metformin or AT-101 reversed PCOS traits in PCOS models that are induced with either glutamine or *** suggest that glutamine,FSH,and ASK1-JNK pathway are targetable to alleviate PCOS.

关键词： ovulation glutamine granulosa cells PCOS FSH

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