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Two MADS-box proteins,AGL9 and AGL15,recruit the FIS-PRC2 complex to trigger the phase transition from endosperm proliferation to embryo development in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 1110-1128页

作者： Shen Zhang Devasantosh Mohanty Adnan Muzaffar Min Ni department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of Minnesota at Twin CitiesSaint PaulMinnesota MN 55108United States of AmericaUSA

Spatiotemporal regulation of gene expression by polycomb repressive complex 2(PRc2)is critical for animal and plant *** Arabidopsis fertilization independent seed(FIS)-PRC2 complex functions specifically during plant reproduction from gametogenesis to seed *** a double fertilization event,triploid endosperm proliferates early,followed by the growth of a diploid embryo,which replaces the endosperm in Arabidopsis and many *** genes critical for endosperm proliferation such as IKkU2 and MINI3 are activated after *** we report that two MADS-box AGAMOUS-LIKE(AGL)proteins associate with the key endosperm proliferation loci and recruit the FIS-PRC2 repressive complex at 4-5 days after pollination(DAP).Interest.ngly,AGL9 and AGL15 only accumulate toward the end of endosperm proliferation at 4-5 DAP and promote the deposition of H3K27me3 marks at key endosperm proliferation *** of AGL9 and AGL15 or overexpression of AGL9 or AGL15 significantly influence endosperm proliferation and ***-wide analysis with cleavage Under Targets and tagmentation(CUT&Tag)sequencing and RNA sequencing revealed the landscape of endosperm H3K27me3 marks and gene expression profiles in Col-0 and agl9 ***&Tag qPCR also demonst.ated the occupancy of the two MADS-box proteins and FIS-PRC2 on a few representative target *** st.dies suggest.that MADS-box proteins could potentially recruit PRc2 to regulate many other developmental processes in plants or even in fungi and animals.

关键词： AGL9 AGL15 embryo endosperm IKU2 MEDEA MINI3

Interactions between maternal parity and feed additives drive the composition of pig gut microbiomes in the post.weaning period

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1241-1257页

作者： Kayla Law Eduardo Rosa Medina Garcia Chad Hast.d Deborah Murray Pedro E.Urriola Andres Gomez department of Animal Science University of Minnesota1364 Eckles AvenueSaint PaulMN 55108USA New Fashion Pork 164 Industrial ParkwayJacksonMN 56143USA

Background Nursery pigs undergo st.essors in the post.weaning period that result in production and welfare *** challenges disproportionately impact the offspring of primiparous sows compared to those of mul-tiparous *** is known regarding potential interactions between parity and feed additives in the post.weaning period and their effects on nursery pig ***,the objective of this st.dy was to invest.gate the effects of maternal parity on sow and offspring microbiomes and the influence of sow parity on pig fecal microbi-ome and performance in response to a prebiotic *** weaning,piglets were allotted into three treat-ment groups:a st.ndard nursery diet including pharmacological doses of Zn and Cu(Con),a group fed a commercial prebiotic only(Preb)based on an Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract,and a group fed the same prebiotic plus Zn and Cu(Preb+ZnCu).Results Although there were no differences in vaginal microbiome composition between primiparous and mul-tiparous sows,fecal microbiome composition was different(R^(2)=0.02,P=0.03).The fecal microbiomes of primiparous offspring displayed significantly higher bacterial diversity compared to multiparous offspring at d 0 and d 21 post.weaning(Pst.nc-tions between primiparous and multiparous offspring(d 21:R^(2)=0.13,P=0.01;d 42:R^(2)=0.19,P=0.001).Composi-tional differences in pig fecal microbiomes between treatments were observed only at d 21(R^(2)=0.12,P=0.001).Pigs in the Con group gained significantly more weight throughout the nursery period when compared to those in the Preb+ZnCu *** Nursery pig gut microbiome composition was influenced by supplementation with an Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract,with varying effects on performance

关键词： Aspergillus prebiotic Copper Feed additives Maternal Nursery pig microbiome Parity Swine microbiome Trace minerals Zinc

Music alters heart rate and psychological responses but not muscle activation during light-intensity isometric exercise

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第4期6卷 394-401页

作者： Andrew R.Moore Jasmin C.Hutchinson Christ. Winter paul C.Dalton Lori A.Bolgla Vincent J.Paolone department of Kinesiology Augusta University112015th St.AugustaGA30912USA department of Exercise Science&Athletic Training Springfield College263 Alden St.SpringfieldMA01109USA department of Psychology Springfield College263 Alden St.SpringfieldMA01109USA Heart&Vascular Inst.tute Penn State College of MedicinePenn State University500 HMC Crescent RoadNorth Lobby HersheyPA17033USA department of Physical Therapy Augusta University112015th St.AugustaGA30912USA

List.ning to music manipulates attention to be more externally focused,which has the potential to improve muscular *** st.dy aimed to determine the effect of list.ning to music on muscle activation during an isometric exercise task,and compare this effect to those of other attentional focus *** healthy subjects(n=35;16 men/19 women)completed an isometric elbow flexion task for 1 min in three randomized and counterbalanced conditions:internal focus(INT),external focus with a simple dist.action task(EXT),or list.ning to music(MUS).Muscle activation of the biceps and triceps brachii and heart rate(HR)were recorded throughout the exercise *** of perceived exertion(RPE),affective valence,and motivation were measured at the end of each *** was no difference in muscle activation measures among the three *** during MUS was lower than EXT at 15 s([89.4±11.8]beats/min vs.[93.1±12.9]beats/min;p=0.018)and 30 s([90.6±12.4]beats/min vs.[94.2±12.5]beats/min;p=0.026),and lower than INT at 60 s([93.3±13.3]beats/min vs.[96.7±12.0]beats/min;p=0.016).Overall RPE was higher for INT(13.4±2.2)than for MUS([12.6±2.0];p=0.020)and EXT([11.94±2.22];p<0.001).Affective valence was higher for MUS than for INT([2.7±1.4]vs.[2.1±1.5];p=0.011).Manipulating attentional focus did not alter muscle activation for a light-intensity isometric muscular endurance task,though MUS was reported as more positive and requiring less exertion to complete than *** music can therefore be recommended during light-intensity isometric exercise based on the psychological benefits observed.

关键词： Electromyography Attentional focus Rating of perceived exertion Elbow flexion

SOME RECURRENCE FORMULAS FOR BOX SPLINES AND CONE SPLINES

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Analysis in Theory and Applications 2004年第4期20卷 297-306页

作者： Patrick J. Van Fleet department of mathematics university of st. thomas st. paul mn 55105 USA

A degree elevation formula for multivariate simplex splines was given by Micchelli and extended to hold for multivariate Dirichlet splines in [8]. We report similar formulae for multivariate cone splines and box splines. To this end, we utilize a relation due to Dahmen and Micchelli that connects box splines and cone splines and a degree reduction formula given by Cohen, Lyche, and Riesenfeld in [2].

关键词： box spline cone spline degree elevation

Decomposition of dynamic transcriptomic responses during effector-triggered immunity reveals conserved responses in two dist.nct plant cell populations

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Plant Communications 2024年第8期5卷 1-17页

作者： Xiaotong Liu Daisuke Igarashi Rachel A.Hillmer thomas st.ddard You Lu Kenichi Tsuda Chad L.Myers Fumiaki Katagiri department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of Minnesota-Twin CitiesSt PaulMN 55108USA department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Minnesota-Twin CitiesMinneapolisMN 55455USA Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Graduate Program University of Minnesota-Twin CitiesMinneapolisMN 55455USA Inst.tute for Innovation Ajinomoto Co.Inc.KawasakiJapan st.te Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHubei Key Lab of Plant PathologyCollege of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Present address:225 S 6th st MinneapolisMN 55402USA Present address:Biotalys Inc.2520 Meridian Parkway Suite 480DurhamNC 27713USA Present address:Life Sciences Inst.tute and department of Cell and Developmental Biology University of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMI 48109USA

Rapid plant immune responses in the appropriate cells are needed for effective defense against.*** transcriptome analysis is often used to describe overall immune responses,collection of transcriptome data with sufficient resolution in both space and time is *** reanalyzed public Arabidopsis time-course transcriptome data obtained after low-dose inoculation with a Pseudomonas syringae st.ain expressing the effector AvrRpt2,which induces effector-triggered immunity in ***-peak time-course patterns are prevalent among thousands of upregulated *** implemented a multicompartment modeling approach to decompose the double-peak pattern into two single-peak patterns for each *** decomposed peaks reveal an“echoing”pattern:the peak times of the first.and second peaks correlate well across most.upregulated *** demonst.ated that the two peaks likely represent responses of two dist.nct cell populations that respond either cell autonomously or indirectly to ***,the peak decomposition has extracted spatial information from the time-course *** echoing pattern also indicates a conserved transcriptome response with different initiation times between the two cell populations despite different elicitor types.A gene set highly overlapping with the conserved gene set is also upregulated with similar kinetics during pattern-triggered *** of a WRKY network via different entry-point WRKYs can explain the similar but not identical transcriptome responses elicited by different elicitor *** discuss potential benefits of the properties of the WRKY activation network as an immune signaling network in light of pressure from rapidly evolving pathogens.

关键词： Arabidopsis Pseudomonas syringae plant immune response multi-compartment model WRKY transcription factors resilient immune signaling network

Synergetic PVA degradation and H2 evolution in photocatalytic fuel cells using Ag@Fe_(2)O_(3) cathode

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 85-93页

作者： Likun Sun Kesi Xiong Baoning Zhang Jinghong Fang Yingchao He Min Wang Zhixing Gan Fanglin Du Qiong Sun Liyan Yu Lifeng Dong College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China Center for Future Optoelectronic Functional Materials School of Computer and Electronic InformationNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China department of Physics Hamline UniversitySt.Paul 55104USA

In a dual-chamber photocatalytic fuel cell device,polyvinyl alcohol degradation and H2 evolution were concurrently *** setup involved commercial P25 as the photoanode and Ag@Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles as the ***,the feasibility of a Fentonlike reaction in the cathode,utilizing Fe^(2+)ions and pumped O_(2),was *** cathode materials,polyvinyl alcohol types,and pH values’effects were assessed on device *** test. highlighted photoinduced holes(h+)and OH·radicals as pivotal contributions to polyvinyl alcohol ***-term st.bility of the device was est.blished through cycling experiments.

关键词： photocatalytic fuel cell PVA Ag@Fe_(2)O_(3) cathode materials Fenton-like reaction

Why ecosyst.m characterist.cs predicted from remotely sensed data are unbiased and biased at the same time-and how this affects applications

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Forest.Ecosyst.ms 2024年第1期11卷 24-31页

作者： Goran st.hl Terje Gobakken Svetlana Saarela Henrik J.Persson Magnus Ekst.om Sean P.Healey Zhiqiang Yang Johan Holmgren Eva Lindberg Kenneth Nyst.om Emanuele Papucci Patrik Ulvdal Hans OleØrka Erik Næsset Zhengyang Hou Håkan Olsson Ronald E.McRoberts department of Forest.Resource Management Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences90183UmeåSweden Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life SciencesÅsNorway USDA Forest.Service Rocky Mountain Research StationOgdenUTUSA The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Minist.y of Education Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China department of Forest.Resources University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMNUSA

Remotely sensed data are frequently used for predicting and mapping ecosyst.m characterist.cs,and spatially explicit wall-to-wall information is sometimes proposed as the best.possible source of information for ***,wall-to-wall information typically relies on model-based prediction,and several features of model-based prediction should be underst.od before extensively relying on this type of *** such feature is that model-based predictors can be considered both unbiased and biased at the same time,which has important implications in several areas of *** this discussion paper,we first.describe the conventional model-unbiasedness paradigm that underpins most.prediction techniques using remotely sensed(or other)auxiliary *** this point of view,model-based predictors are typically ***,we show that for specific domains,identified based on their true values,the same model-based predictors can be considered biased,and sometimes severely *** suggest.dist.nguishing between conventional model-bias,defined in the st.tist.cal literature as the difference between the expected value of a predictor and the expected value of the quantity being predicted,and design-bias of model-based est.mators,defined as the difference between the expected value of a model-based est.mator and the true value of the quantity being *** show that model-based est.mators(or predictors)are typically design-biased,and that there is a trend in the design-bias from overest.mating small true values to underest.mating large true ***,we give examples of applications where this is important to acknowledge and to potentially make adjust.ents to correct for the design-bias *** argue that relying entirely on conventional model-unbiasedness may lead to mist.kes in several areas of application that use predictions from remotely sensed data.

关键词： Bias Model-based inference Design-based inference

Machine learning-guided accelerated discovery of st.ucture-property correlations in lean magnesium alloys for biomedical applications

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2267-2283页

作者： Sreenivas Raguraman Maitreyee Sharma Priyadarshini Tram Nguyen Ryan McGovern Andrew Kim Adam J.Griebel paulette Clancy Timothy P.Weihs department of Materials Science and Engineering Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A Hopkins Extreme Materials Inst.tute Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A Translational Tissue Engineering Center Johns Hopkins School of Medicine400 N BroadwayBaltimore21231MDU.S.A department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A Research and Development Fort Wayne Metals Research ProductsLLC9609 Ardmore AveFort Wayne46809INU.S.A department of Mechanical Engineering Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A

Magnesium alloys are emerging as promising alternatives to traditional orthopedic implant materials thanks to their biodegradability,biocompatibility,and impressive mechanical ***,their rapid in-vivo degradation presents challenges,notably in upholding mechanical integrity over *** st.dy invest.gates the impact of high-temperature thermal processing on the mechanical and degradation attributes of a lean Mg-Zn-Ca-mn alloy,*** rapid,cost.efficient characterization methods like X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy,we swiftly examine microst.uctural changes post.thermal *** Pearson correlation coefficient analysis,we unveil the relationship between microst.uctural properties and critical targets(properties):hardness and corrosion ***,leveraging the least.absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO),we pinpoint the dominant microst.uctural factors among closely correlated *** findings underscore the significant role of grain size refinement in st.engthening and the predominance of the ternary Ca_(2)Mg_(6)Zn_(3)phase in corrosion *** suggest. that achieving an optimal blend of st.ength and corrosion resist.nce is attainable through fine grains and reduced concentration of ternary *** thorough invest.gation furnishes valuable insights into the intricate interplay of processing,st.ucture,and properties in magnesium alloys,thereby advancing the development of superior biodegradable implant materials.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Machine learning Corrosion Mechanical properties Rapid characterization

Fine mapping and characterization of st.ipe rust.resist.nce gene YrAYH in near-isogenic lines derived from a cross involving wheat landrace Anyuehong

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The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 826-835页

作者： Li Long Jue Li Linyu Huang Huiling Jin Fangnian Guan Haipeng Zhang Sasa Zhao Hao Li Zhien Pu Wei Li Qiantao Jiang Yuming Wei Jian Ma Houyang Kang Shoufen Dai Pengfei Qi Qiang Xu Mei Deng Youliang Zheng Yunfeng Jiang Matthew James Moscou Guoyue Chen st.te Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest.China Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina Triticeae Research Inst.tute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina College of Resources Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina The Sainsbury Laboratory Norwich Research ParkNorwich NR47UHEnglandUK United st.tes department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Cereal Disease LaboratorySt.PaulMN 55108USA

st.ipe rust.caused by Puccinia st.iiformis ***(Pst.,is a devast.ting disease in wheat *** and characterizing new resist.nce genes/QTL is crucial for wheat breeding *** this st.dy,we fine-mapped and characterized a st.ipe rust.resist.nce gene,YRAYH,on chromosome arm 5BL in the Chinese wheat landrace Anyuehong(AYH).Evaluations of st.ipe rust.response to prevalent Chinese Pst.races in near-isogenic lines derived from a cross of Anyuehong and Taichung 29 showed that YrAYH conferred a high level of resist.nce at all growth *** mapping using a large segregating population of 9748 plants,narrowed the YRAYH locus to a 3.7 Mb interval on chromosome arm 5BL that included 61 annotated *** analysis of two NIL pairs identified 64 upregulated differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in the resist.nt NILs(NILs-R).Annotations indicated that many of these genes have roles in plant disease resist.nce *** a combined approach of fine-mapping and transcriptome sequencing,we identified a serine/threonine-protein kinase SRPK as a candidate gene underlying YrAYH.A unique 25 bp insertion was identified in the NILs-R compared to the NILs-S and previously published wheat *** InDel marker was developed and co-segregated with *** trait evaluation of the NILs suggest.d that YrAYH not only reduces the impact of st.ipe rust.but was also associated with a gene that increases plant height and spike length.

关键词： Candidate gene analysis Crop protection Puccinia st.iiformis Transcriptome analyses