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Direct microwave leaching conditions of rare earth elements in fluorescent wastes

Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1165-1174,I0007页

作者： A.Bilen B.Birol M.N.Saridede S.S.Kaplan M.S.Sonmez department of metallurgical and materials engineering Yildiz Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey department of Chemical engineering and materials Science Stevens Institute of TechnologyNew JereyUSA department of metallurgical and materials engineering Istanbul Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey

The luminescent phosphor powder in the fluorescent lamp constitutes 2%of the lamp’s *** can be mentioned that fluorescent wastes are a crucial raw material to produce rare earth *** the present study,microwave leaching process was conducted to dissolve rare earth elements yttrium(Y),europium(Eu),and remaining rare earth elements(REEs)present in the phosphor powder of the fluorescent *** the yields were *** the microwave leaching process,the effects of the temperature(80-160℃),acid type(hydrochloric acid(HCl),nitric acid(HNO_(3)),sulphuric acid(H_(2)SO_(4))),acid concentration(0.5-6 mol/L),solid to liquid ratio(0.1:10-0.5:10)and reaction time(5-90 min)parameters on leaching efficiencies of varying rare earth elements and calcium were *** highest yield was obtained in the direct microwave leaching of fluorescent waste with the experimental conditions of 6 mol/L HCl,160℃,0.1:10 solid-to-liquid ratio(S:L),and 90 *** energy calculations were made,and kinetic models of the reactions were obtained,and it is observed that Y and Eu dissolution is diffusion-controlled,on the other hand,lanthanum(La),cerium(Ce),and terbium(Tb)were examined to be chemical reaction ***,calcium(Ca)and gadolinium(Gd)seem coherent with the mixed ***,mathematical models of all experimental studies are created with the response surface Box-Behnken method and the correlation coefficients of all the models are over 90%.

关键词： Rare earth elements(REEs) Direct microwave leaching Fluorescent waste Kinetic models Response surface method

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Enhanced in-vitro degradation resistance and cytocompatibility of a thermomechanically processed novel Mg alloy:Insights into the role of microstructural attributes

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 700-725页

作者： Darothi Bairagi Santanu Mandal Mangal Roy Manas Paliwal Sumantra Mandal department of metallurgical and materials engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur 721302India

The role of microstructural features on in-vitro degradation and surface film development of a thermomechanically processed Mg-4Zn-0.5Ca-0.8Mn alloy has been investigated employing electrochemical studies,scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron *** specimen forged at 523 K temperature developed a coarse unimodal microstructure consisting of basal oriented grains,whereas the specimens forged at 623 K and 723 K temperatures exhibited bimodal microstructures containing randomly oriented fine grains and basal oriented coarse *** bimodal microstructures exerted higher resistance to corrosion compared to the unimodal microstructure in presence of a protective surface *** optimum size distribution of fine and coarse grains as well as the prevalence of basal oriented grains led to the lowest anodic current density in the specimen forged at 623 *** morphology of Ca_(2)Mg_(6)Zn_(3)precipitates governed the cathodic kinetics by controlling the anode to cathode surface area *** the specimen forged at 723 K comprised comparatively lower fraction of precipitates than at 623 K,the mesh-like precipitate morphology increased the effective cathodic surface area,leading to enhanced localised corrosion in the former *** microstructural features developed at 623 K forging temperature formed a well-protective surface film with lower Mg(OH)_(2)to MgO ratio,exhibiting distinctly high polarization resistance and superior cytocompatibility in terms of cell-proliferation and cell-differentiation.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Microstructure Corrosion Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Cytotoxicity

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MgO-attached graphene nanosheet(MgO@GNS)reinforced magnesium matrix nanocomposite with superior mechanical,corrosion and biological performance

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and materials 2024年第9期31卷 2062-2076页

作者： S.Abazari A.Shamsipur H.R.Bakhsheshi-Rad M.S.Soheilirad F.Khorashadizade S.S.Mirhosseini department of materials and metallurgical engineering Amirkabir University of TechnologyTehran ***Iran Iranian National Standards Organization of Hormozgan HormozganIran Advanced materials Research Center Department of Materials EngineeringNajafabad BranchIslamic Azad UniversityNajafabadIran department of materials and metallurgical engineering Iran University of Science and TechnologyTehranIran

Magnesium(Mg)alloys are gaining great consideration as body implant materials due to their high biodegradability and ***,they suffer from low corrosion resistance and antibacterial *** this research,semi-powder metallurgy followed by hot extrusion was utilized to produce the magnesium oxide@graphene nanosheets/magnesium(MgO@GNS/Mg)composite to improve mechanical,corrosion and cytocompatibility *** have revealed that the incorporation of MgO@GNS nanohybrids into Mg-based composite enhanced microhardness and compressive *** vitro,osteoblast cell culture tests show that using MgO@GNS nanohybrid fillers enhances osteoblast adhesion and apatite *** presence of MgO@GNS nanoparticles in the composites decreased the opening defects,micro-cracks and micro-pores of the composites thus preventing the penetration of the corrosive solution into the *** demonstrated that the MgO@GNS/Mg composite possesses excellent antibacterial properties because of the combination of the release of MgO and physical damage to bacterium membranes caused by the sharp edges of graphene nanosheets that can effectively damage the cell wall thereby facilitating penetration into the bacterial lipid ***,the MgO@GNS/Mg composite with high mechanical strength,antibacterial activity and corrosion resistance is considered to be a promising material for load-bearing implant applications.

关键词： metal matrix composites MgO@GNS nanohybrid strengthening mechanisms antibacterial activity biocompatibility

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Dielectric size optimization for high power density in large-scale triboelectric nanogenerators

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8455-8464页

作者： Abdulkerim Karabiber Ömer Dirik Feyyaz Koc Faruk Ozel department of Electrical and Electronics engineering Bingol UniversityBingol 12000Turkey department of metallurgical and materials engineering Karamanoglu Mehmetbey UniversityKaraman 70200Turkey

Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)have emerged as a promising technology to harvest electrical energy from natural motions such as human movement,wind,and water *** TENGs show significant potential in small-scale applications,developing large-scale TENGs capable of generating high power remains a significant *** factors that can affect the performance of large-scale TENGs are being investigated to overcome this challenge,including the size and configuration of dielectric *** study optimizes dielectrics regarding surface area,thickness,and multicell configuration to improve harvested electrical power density in large-scale *** the studies,glass fiber was used as the positive dielectric,and multipurpose white silicone was used as the negative dielectric because of their high tribo-potential,durability,and easy *** the size optimization phase,dielectric thicknesses and surface areas that provide the maximum power density were ***,horizontal and vertical multicell configurations were examined to efficiently integrate size-optimized *** results reveal that large-scale TENGs with vertical multicell configurations can achieve high and usable energy density for *** findings provide valuable insight into the development of large-scale TENGs with advanced power generation capabilities.

关键词： triboelectric nanogenerator dielectric layer size optimization multi-cell structure high power density

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Synergistic enhancement of photocatalytic and antimicrobial efficacy of nitrogen and erbium co-doped ZnO nanoparticles

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第5期42卷 859-868,I0002页

作者： Sudipta Mondal Moniruzzaman Jamal Sikder Ashikuzzaman Ayon Md Jannatul Ferdous Anik Md Muktadir Billah department of materials and metallurgical engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and TechnologyDhaka1000Bangladesh School of materials engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA department of materials Science and engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA department of materials Science and engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonI28USA

Using the chemical co-precipitation approach,a series of nitrogen(N) and erbium(Er) co-doped ZnO nanoparticles(NPs) was effectively synthesized to enhance the photocatalytic and antibacterial *** characterization techniques,including X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectro scopy(XPS),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),UV-vis,and photoluminescence(PL) spectroscopy,were carried out to validate the evaluated photocatalytic and antibacterial *** analysis confirms the pure wurtzite ZnO phase without the presence of any secondary *** analysis confirms the succe ssful incorporation of nitrogen and erbium into the ZnO *** optical bandgap of ZnO calculated from UV-vis spectroscopy shows a redshift after Er-N co-doping,with the lowest bandgap of 3.215 eV calculated for Zn_(0.97)Er_(0.03)N_(0.01)O_(0.99) *** images demonstrate the formation of nanorods after N-Er co-doping,followed by gradually increase d rod diameter and length after N-Er ***,the photocatalytic activities of ZnO samples we re measured by their ability to facilitate the photodegradation of Rhodamine B under UV *** with 1 mol% N doping exhibits 88% photodegradation of RhB under UV light within 360 min,and the photodegradation and antibacterial activity are greatly improved with Er *** fact,3 mol% Er-1 mol% N doped ZnO NPs demonstrate the highest photocatalytic activity,with approximately 96% degradation after 360 min,as well as superior antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus(Gram-positive bacteria) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(Gram-negative bacteria) with the highest zone of inhibition(ZOI) of 16 nm,due to nanorod formation,increased reactive oxygen species(ROS),and decreased electron-hole recombination,as validated by SEM,XPS,and PL spectroscopy.

关键词： Chemical co-precipitation Co-doping Bandgap Photocatalysis Rare earths Antimicrobial

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Synthesis,phase transformation and applications of CeCO_(3)OH:A review

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1403-1420,I0001页

作者： Zhou Zou Weihao Tian Xisong Mao Junqi Li Yuanpei Lan Chaoyi Chen Hong Yong Sohn Junshan Zhang Fengyuan Liu department of metallurgical engineering College of Materials and MetallurgyGuizhou UniversityGuiyang55025China Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of metallurgical engineering and Process Energy Saving Guiyang550025China Guizhou Provincial University Key Laboratory of High-Performance Battery materials Guiyang550025China department of materials Science and engineering University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT84112USA

CeCO_(3)OH has a unique crystal structure and excellent optical,electronic and catalytic properties,which has been widely investigated for many ***,ceria obtained from CeCO_(3)OH has a morphology that is similar to that of the precursor,and the CeO_(2)-based products obtained from CeCO_(3)OH exhibit outstanding properties,such as catalytic performances,owing to their designed morphology and oxygen vacancies(OVs).To introduce CeCO_(3)OH into a wider range of potential researchers,we first systematically review the physico-chemical properties,synthesis,reaction and morphology tuning mechanism of CeCO_(3)OH,and summarize the conversion behavior from CeCO_(3)OH to ***,we thoroughly survey the applications of CeCO_(3)OH and its conversion *** for further investigations of CeCO_(3)OH are also made in this *** is hoped that the exhaustive co mpilation of the valuable properties and considerable potential investigations of CeCO_(3)OH will promote further applications of CeCO_(3)OH and CeO_(2)-based functional materials.

关键词： CeCO_(3)OH Morphology tuning CeO_(2) Catalyst Lanthanide compounds Rare earths

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Magnetic properties of gadolinium and/or dysprosium substituted Sm-Co nanocomposite ribbons

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1093-1100,I0004页

作者： Akila Raja Shampa Aich department of metallurgical A materials engineeringIndian Institute of Technology(IIT) Kharagpur721302India

The present study reported the influence of heavy rare-earth elements(Gd and/or Dy)on Sm-Co-based melt-spun *** and magnetic properties of Sm-Co-based(Sm_(1-x)RE_(x)Co_(5))ternary and quaternary systems were *** X-ray diffraction,Auger spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)analyses reveal the presence of the 1:5H and 2:17R phases in the as-spun ribbons.A high-temperature magnetic measurement reports a Curie temperature(Tc)at~825 and~869 K in Sm0.6Gd0.4Co5(ribbon A)and Sm_(0.6)Gd_(0.3)Dy_(0.1)Co_(5)(ribbon B),respectively.A low-temperature magnetic measurement on Sm0.6Gd0.3Dy0.1Co5 ribbons exhibits a type-2 SR(spin reorientation)behaviour at~72 K,which arises due to the presence of the DyCo5 *** temperature magnetic measurements reveal that overall magnetic measurement(OMP)is about 24 and 29.9 for ribbons A and B,***,the comparative investigations profess that ribbon B shows better magnetic performance due to Dy addition with reduced grain *** observation indicates that the Gd and Dy substituted Sm-Co magnet can be a potential magnet for high-temperature applications.

关键词： Permanent magnets Melt-spinning Heavy rare-earth Curie temperature Rare earths

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Improvement strategy on thermophysical properties of A_(2)B_(2)O_(7)-type rare earth zirconates for thermal barrier coatings applications:A review

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and materials 2024年第5期31卷 1147-1165页

作者： Zijian Peng Yuhao Wang Shuqi Wang Junteng Yao Qingyuan Zhao Enyu Xie Guoliang Chen Zhigang Wang Zhanguo Liu Yaming Wang Jiahu Ouyang School of materials Science and engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of materials and metallurgical engineering Inner Mongolia University of Science&TechnologyBaotou 014010China

The A_(2)B_(2)O_(7)-type rare earth zirconate compounds have been considered as promising candidates for thermal barrier coating(TBC) materials because of their low sintering rate,improved phase stability,and reduced thermal conductivity in contrast with the currently used yttria-partially stabilized zirconia (YSZ) in high operating temperature *** review summarizes the recent progress on rare earth zirconates for TBCs that insulate high-temperature gas from hot-section components in gas *** on the first principles,molecular dynamics,and new data-driven calculation approaches,doping and high-entropy strategies have now been adopted in advanced TBC materials *** this paper,the solid-state heat transfer mechanism of TBCs is explained from two aspects,including heat conduction over the full operating temperature range and thermal radiation at medium and high *** paper also provides new insights into design considerations of adaptive TBC materials,and the challenges and potential breakthroughs are further highlighted for extreme environmental *** for improving thermophysical performance are proposed in two approaches:defect engineering and material compositing.

关键词： rare earth zirconates thermal barrier coatings defect engineering doping and compositing thermal conductivity thermal expansion

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High-temperature elemental segregation induced structure degradation in high-entropy fluorite oxide

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第3期13卷 310-322页

作者： Yixuan Hu Mariappan Anandkumar Yumeng Zhang Joydip Joardar Atul Suresh Deshpande Xiaodong Wang Kolan Madhav Reddy School of materials Science and engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China department of materials Science and metallurgical engineering Indian Institute of Technology HyderabadSangareddy 502285India International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New materials(ARCI) Hyderabad 500005India

Fluorite-structured oxides constitute an important category of oxides with a wide range of high-temperature *** the concept of high entropy,high-entropy fluorite oxides(HEFOs)have showcased intriguing high-temperature application ***,unlocking this potential necessitates an assessment of their long-term stability under high-temperature *** this study,we conducted a prolonged heat treatment at 1000℃on typical HEFO,specifically(CeHfZrGdLa)O_(x).After 100 h,high-intensity X-ray diffraction(XRD)revealed a transition from a single-phase fluorite to a multi-phase *** investigation by analytical electron microscoy(AEM)demonstrated that this degradation resulted from facilitated element diffusion and consequent escalating chemical fluctuation at high temperatures,leading to spontaneous segregation and separation of Ce and La elements,forming Ce-rich,La-poor,and La-rich ***,the La-rich phase spontaneously transformed from a fluorite structure(space group Fm3m)to a bixbyite structure(space group Ia3)at elevated temperatures,resulting in the appearance of superstructure reflection in XRD profiles and electron diffraction *** the intricate phase decomposition,the energy band gap showed minimal variation,suggesting potential property stability of(CeHfZrGdLa)O_(x)across a broad range of *** findings offer valuable insights into the future applications of HEFOs.

关键词： phase transition high-temperature stability elemental segregation high-entropy fluorite oxides(HEFOs)

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Evolution of inclusions in vacuum induction melting of superalloys containing 70%return material

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第3期31卷 719-728页

作者： Jin-guo Gao Shu-lei Yang Shu-feng Yang Jing-she Li Wei Liu Meng-jing Zhao An-ren Wang School of metallurgical and Ecological engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China metallurgical and Building materials Business department China International Engineering Consulting CorporationBeijing 100048China

The variation law of inclusions type and size in the vacuum induction melting process and ingot of Ni-based superalloy containing 70%return material was studied by industrial test sampling,and the mechanism of inclusions formation was analyzed with thermodynamic *** results show that there are mainly two types of composite inclusions in the vacuum induction melting of Ni-based superalloys,which are nitride-and oxide-based composite inclusions,like Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)-Cr_(2)O_(3),TiN-(Mo,Nb)C,*** type and proportion of inclusions from the center to the edge of the vacuum induction ingot did not change *** number density of inclusions from the center to the edge of the ingot varied less,and the size of inclusions became smaller from the center to the *** addition,thermodynamic calculations show that oxides(M_(2)O_(3))are present in the liquid phase and mainly contain Al,Ti,Cr,Fe and O *** nitride consists mainly of Ti and N and contains small amounts of Cr,C,Nb,and Mo *** is consistent with the results of industrial *** the temperature decreases,the precipitation phases such as M_(2)O_(3),MN,γ,MC,δ,γ'andμphases are gradually precipitated,where oxides and nitrides are present in the liquid *** contents of O and N elements are the main influencing factors for the inclusions content and precipitation temperature;when the nitrogen content is reduced to below 0.0015%,it can make MN precipitate below the liquid-phase line.

关键词： Ni-based superalloy Vacuum induction melting Return material Inclusion Thermodynamic

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