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Potential role of tubulin glutamylation in neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1191-1192页

作者： Abdullah Md.Sheikh Shatera Tabassum department of Laboratory medicine Shimane University Faculty of Medicine

The differentiation of neuronal stem cells into mature neurons is a complex process that involves both structural and functional changes. As cells undergo differentiation, there are notable functional changes, including the expression of various transcription factors, cytokines, and neurotransmitiers. Additionally, structural changes occur as the cells develop various processes from the cell body and establish synaptic contacts with other cells.

关键词： POLARITY

tRNA^(Glu)-derived fragments from embryonic extracellular vesicles modulate bovine embryo hatching

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1559-1566页

作者： Yuan Fan Krishna Chaitanya Pavani Katrien Smits Ann Van Soom Luc Peelman department of Veterinary and Biosciences Faculty of Veterinary MedicineGhent UniversityHeidestraat 199820 MerelbekeBelgium department of internal medicine Reproduction and Population MedicineFaculty of Veterinary MedicineGhent UniversitySalisburylaan 1339820 MerelbekeBelgium department for Reproductive medicine Ghent University HospitalCorneel Heymanslaan 109000 GhentBelgium

Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs(tsRNAs)have been shown to be involved in early embryo development and repression of endogenous retroelements in embryos and stem ***,it is unknown whether tsRNAs also regulate embryo *** this study,we mined the sequencing data of a previous experiment in which we demonstrated that the microRNA(miRNA)cargo of preimplantation embryonic extracellular vesicles(EVs)influences embryo *** thus profiled the tsRNA cargo of EVs secreted by blastocysts and *** majority of tsRNAs was identified as tRNA halves originating from the 5'ends of *** the 148 differentially expressed tsRNAs,the 19 nt tRNA fragment(tRF)tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 was found to be significantly up-regulated in EVs derived from ***-qPCR assays confirmed its significant up-regulation in non-blastocyst embryos and their conditioned medium compared to the blastocyst group(P<0.05).Inhibition of tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 by supplementing antagomirs to the conditioned medium improved embryo hatching(P<0.05).Transcriptomic analysis of embryos treated with tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 antagomirs further showed differential expression of genes that are associated with embryo hatching and *** summary,tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 is up-regulated in non-blastocyst embryos and their secretions,and inhibition of tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 promotes embryo hatching,while influencing embryo implantation-related genes and *** results indicate that embryonic EVs containing specific tRFs may regulate preimplantation embryo development.

关键词： Embryo Extracellular vesicles Hatching tRNA fragments ts RNAs

A retrospective analysis of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections in critically ill patients:Experience at a tertiary-care teaching hospital ICU

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Journal of Intensive medicine 2024年第2期4卷 181-186页

作者： Leyla Ferlicolak Neriman Defne Altintas Fugen Yoruk department of internal medicine Division of Intensive Care Unit Ankara University Faculty of MedicineAnkaraTurkey department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Ankara University Faculty of MedicineAnkaraTurkey

Background Acinetobacter baumannii is a clinically significant pathogen with a high incidence of multidrug resistance that is associated with life-threatening nosocomial ***,we aimed to provide an insight into the clinical characteristics and outcomes of a unique group of *** infections in which the isolates were resistant to carbapenems and most other antibiotic groups in a tertiary-care intensive care unit(ICU).Methods We performed a retrospective observational study in which records of patients hospitalized in the ICU between June 1,2021 and June 1,2023 were *** checked the clinical,laboratory,and microbiological records of all adult patients who had carbapenem-resistant ***(CRAB)*** antibiotic treatments and definitive antibiotic treatments after culture positivity and susceptibility test results were recorded.C-reactive protein(CRP)and procalcitonin levels and leukocyte counts were *** of ICU stay and 30-day mortality were defined as the outcome *** During the study period,57 patients were diagnosed with CRAB *** respiratory tract was the leading infection site(80.7%).In non-survivors,bloodstream infections(21.9%vs.4.0%P=0.05)and colistin-resistant(col-R)CRAB infections(43.8%vs.24.0%,P=0.12)were more common than in survivors,but these parameters were not statistically *** length of ICU stay was not different between survivors and ***,the rate of col-R among CRAB clinical isolates was 35.1%.The 30-day mortality in all patients with CRAB infection was 56.1%.Mortality in col-R CRAB and colistin-susceptible(col-S)CRAB infections was 70.0%and 48.6%,respectively(P=0.12).Prior carbapenem use was 56.1%.Prior colistin use before col-R and col-S CRAB infections was not significant(35.0%vs.27.0%,P=0.53).Conclusions Our study provides real-world data on highly resistant *** infections and shares the characteristics of infections with such resistant stra

关键词： Mortality Colistin-resi stant Gram-negative bacteria MDR Intensive care unit

Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in pediatrics and adolescents:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第6期20卷 569-580页

作者： Eun Joo Lee Miyoung Choi Sang Bong Ahn Jeong-Ju Yoo Seong Hee Kang Yuri Cho Do Seon Song Hong Koh Dae Won Jeon Hye Won Lee department of Pediatrics Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea Clinical Evidence Research National Evidence-Based Healthcare Collaborating Agency(NECA)SeoulKorea department of internal medicine Nowon Eulji Medical CenterEulji University College of MedicineSeoulKorea department of internal medicine Soonchunhyang University Bucheon HospitalBucheonKorea department of internal medicine Sangkye Paek HospitalInje University College of MedicineSeoulKorea Center for Liver and Pancreatobiliary Cancer National Cancer CenterGoyangKorea department of internal medicine College of MedicineSt.Vincent's HospitalThe Catholic University of KoreaSuwonKorea department of internal medicine Hanyang University College of MedicineSeoulKorea department of internal medicine Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea

Background As childhood obesity escalates worldwide,the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in pediatric and adolescent populations is also ***,systematic studies and meta-analyses evaluating the prevalence of pediatric NAFLD remain *** The MEDLINE,Korean Medical Database(KMBASE),Embase,Global Health,and Cochrane Library databases were searched from January 1997 to April *** terms included NAFLD or steatosis;nonalcoholic or steatohepatitis;child(ren),adolescent,or teenager;and prevalence,incidence,or epidemiology.A random-effects meta-analysis model was used to estimate the prevalence of pediatric *** A total of 2116 publications were found,of which 62 were included in the *** them,27 reported the prevalence in the general population and 39 in the obese *** worldwide pooled prevalence of pediatric NAFLD was 13%[95%confidence interval(CI)9-18%]in the general population and 47%(95%CI 41%–53%)in the obese *** 16 studies in the general population and 18 in the obese population,NAFLD prevalence varied by *** the general population,the prevalence of NAFLD was 15%(95%CI 8%–23%)in males and 10%(95%CI 6%–15%)in *** the obese population,it was 54%(95%CI 46%–61%)in males and 39%(95%CI 30%–49%)in *** The global prevalence of pediatric NAFLD is rising in both the general and obese *** the increasing rates of childhood obesity,epidemiological studies on the prevalence and incidence of NAFLD are needed.

关键词： Meta-analysis Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Pediatric Prevalence

Importance of timely and adequate source control in sepsis and septic shock

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Journal of Intensive medicine 2024年第3期4卷 281-286页

作者： Jan J.De Waele department of Intensive Care medicine Ghent University HospitalGhentBelgium department of internal medicine and Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesGhent UniversityGhentBelgium

Source control is defined as the physical measures undertaken to eliminate the source of infection and control ongoing contamination, as well as restore anatomy and function at the site of infection. It is a key component of the management of patients with sepsis and septic shock and one of the main determinants of the outcome of infections that require source control. While not all infections may require source control, it should be considered in every patient presenting with sepsis;it is applicable and necessary in numerous infections, not only those occurring in the abdominal cavity. Although the biological rationale is clear, several aspects of source control remain under debate. The timing of source control may impact outcome;early source control is particularly relevant for patients with abdominal infections or necrotizing skin and soft tissue infections, as well as for those with more severe disease. Percutaneous procedures are increasingly used for source control;nevertheless, surgery—tailored to the patient and infection—remains a valid option for source control. For outcome optimization, adequate source control is more important than the strategy used. It should be acknowledged that source control interventions may often fail, posing a challenge in this setting. Thus, an individualized, multidisciplinary approach tailored to the infection and patient is preferable.

关键词： Sepsis Septic shock Source control Drainage Debridement

Inflammatory bowel disease(ulcerative colitis type)severity shows inverse correlation with semen parameters and testosterone levels

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第2期26卷 155-159页

作者： Darmadi Darmadi Cennikon Pakpahan Rajender Singh Ankur Saharan Wanly Syahrizal Pasaribu Hermansyah Hermansyah Andri Rezano department of internal medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversitas Sumatera UtaraMedan 20155Indonesia Andrology Study Program Faculty of MedicineUniversitas AirlanggaSurabaya 60132Indonesia department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversitas AirlanggaSurabaya 60132Indonesia Division of Endocrinology Central Drug Research InstituteLucknowUtar Pradesh 226031India Amity University LucknowUttar Pradesh 226010India department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversitas PadjadjaranSumedang 45363Indonesia

Individuals with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)have been reported to be at an increased risk of infertility and sexual *** the relationship between them remains unclear,IBD severity is suspected to affect hormone levels and *** analyze the impact of IBD severity on semen parameters and sex hormone levels in ulcerative colitis-type IBD(UC-IBD),we conducted a cross-sectional study involving 120 patients with UC-IBD in Adam Malik General Hospital,Medan,*** patients were classified into three groups based on the Mayo score for Uc,followed by a comparison of various semen and hormone parameters among these *** addition to the cross-sectional analysis,a simple correlation test was conducted irrespective of the patient *** concentration,motility,and morphology were found to decline significantly with an increase in IBD *** classifying patients with IBD into subgroups,the Mayo score showed negative correlations with sperm concentration(r=-0.375,P<0.0001),rapid progressive motility(r=-0.660,P<0.0001),free testosterone(r=-0.732,P<0.0001),and total testosterone(r=-0.721,P<0.0001),and positivecorrelations with immotile sperm(r=0.660,P<0.0001),abnormal morphology(r=0.657,P<0.0001),and sex hormone-binding globulin(SHBG;r=0.278,P=0.002).Sperm concentration,motility,and morphology declined significantly with the severity of *** study suggests a significant negative impact of IBD severityonsemenqualityand sexhormones.

关键词： inflammatory bowel disease reproductive health sexual health sperm parameter testosterone

Non-pancreatic hyperlipasemia:A puzzling clinical entity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第19期30卷 2538-2552页

作者： Krisztina Eszter Feher David Tornai Zsuzsanna Vitalis Laszlo Davida Nora Sipeki Maria Papp Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecen H-4032Hajdu-BiharHungary Kalman Laki Doctoral School of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecen H-4032Hungary

BACKGROUND Increased lipase level is a serological hallmark of the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis(AP)but can be detected in various other diseases associated with lipase leakage due to inflammation of organs surrounding the pancreas or reduced renal clearance and/or hepatic *** non-pancreatic hyperlipasemia(NPHL)is puzzling for attending physicians during the diagnostic procedure for *** would be clinically beneficial to identify the clinical and laboratory variables that hinder the accuracy of lipase diagnosis with the aim of improve it.A more precise description of the NPHL condition could potentially provide prognostic factors for adverse outcomes which is currently *** To perform a detailed clinical and laboratory characterization of NPHL in a large prospective patient cohort with an assessment of parameters determining disease *** A Hungarian patient cohort with serum lipase levels at least three times higher than the upper limit of normal(ULN)was prospectively evaluated over 31 *** were identified using daily electronic laboratory reports developed to support an ongoing observational,multicenter,prospective cohort study called the EASY trial(ISRCTN10525246)to establish a simple,easy,and accurate clinical scoring system for early prognostication of *** of NPHL was established based on≥3×ULN serum lipase level in the absence of abdominal pain or abdominal imaging results characteristic of *** A total of 808 patients[male,n=420(52%);median age(IQR):65(51-75)years]were diagnosed with≥3×ULN serum lipase levels.A total of 392 patients had AP,whereas 401 had NPHL with more than 20 different *** and acute kidney injury(AKI)were the most prevalent etiologies of NPHL(27.7%and 33.2%,respectively).The best discriminative cut-off value for lipase was≥666 U/L(sensitivity,71.4%;specificity,88.8%).The presence of AKI or sepsis negatively affected the diagnostic performance of *** w

关键词： Non-pancreatic hyperlipasemia Acute pancreatitis Glycoprotein 2 Acute kidney injury Sepsis Mortality

Role of doxycycline in the treatment of dengue infection: An open-label, randomized, controlled, pilot trial

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2024年第4期17卷 160-165页

作者： Banothu Vinod Kumar Kajal Kamboj Ashok Kumar Pannu Ashok Kumar Yadav Mandip Bhatia Atul Saroch department of internal medicine PGIMER ChandigarhIndia department of Experimental medicine&Biotechnology PGIMER ChandigarhIndia

Objective:To measure the effect of doxycycline on inflammatory marker[IL-6,TNF-α,ferritin and C reactive protein(CRP)]levels in patients with dengue ***:A single-centre,open-label,parallel-group randomized controlled trial was done in PGIMER Chandigarh from June 2021 to October *** were randomized using a simple randomization process into two groups:the doxycycline treatment group(n=35)and the control group(n=34).Patients in the treatment group were given oral doxycycline 100 mg twice daily for five days along with standard treatment,whereas patients in the control group received only standard *** objective was to measure the effect of doxycycline on inflammatory markers in dengue ***:On comparative analysis at day 5,there was a statistically significant reduction in the median values of ferritin and CRP in cases compared to the control group(ferritin:P=0.006 and CRP:P=0.006).No significant reduction was noted in the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α.Conclusions:Doxycycline treatment led to a reduction of inflammatory markers in dengue infection.

关键词： Dengue Cytokine Doxycycline Serum ferritin C reactive protein

Machine learning applications in stroke medicine:advancements,challenges,and future prospectives

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 769-773页

作者： Mario Daidone Sergio Ferrantelli Antonino Tuttolomondo internal medicine and Stroke Care Ward Department of Health PromotionMother and Child CareInternal Medicine and Medical SpecialtiesUniversity of Palermo Molecular and Clinical medicine PhD Program University of Palermo

Stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide,necessitating the development of advanced technologies to improve its diagnosis,treatment,and patient *** recent years,machine learning techniques have emerged as promising tools in stroke medicine,enabling efficient analysis of large-scale datasets and facilitating personalized and precision medicine *** abstract provides a comprehensive overview of machine learning’s applications,challenges,and future directions in stroke *** introduced machine learning algorithms have been extensively employed in all the fields of stroke *** learning models have demonstrated remarkable accuracy in imaging analysis,diagnosing stroke subtypes,risk stratifications,guiding medical treatment,and predicting patient *** the tremendous potential of machine learning in stroke medicine,several challenges must be *** include the need for standardized and interoperable data collection,robust model validation and generalization,and the ethical considerations surrounding privacy and *** addition,integrating machine learning models into clinical workflows and establishing regulatory frameworks are critical for ensuring their widespread adoption and impact in routine stroke *** learning promises to revolutionize stroke medicine by enabling precise diagnosis,tailored treatment selection,and improved *** research and collaboration among clinicians,researchers,and technologists are essential for overcoming challenges and realizing the full potential of machine learning in stroke care,ultimately leading to enhanced patient outcomes and quality of *** review aims to summarize all the current implications of machine learning in stroke diagnosis,treatment,and prognostic *** the same time,another purpose of this paper is to explore all the future perspectives these techniques can provide in combating this disabling dis

关键词： cerebrovascular disease deep learning machine learning reinforcement learning stroke stroke therapy supervised learning unsupervised learning