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A balancing act between IFITM3 and IRF3

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第10期15卷 873-874页

作者： Temet M McMichael Mahesh Chemudupati Jacob S Yount department of Microbial infection and Immunity Center for Microbial Interface BiologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

Interferon(IFN)-induced transmembrane protein 3(IFITM3)is a potent antiviral factor capable of restricting numerous virus infections.1 Viruses inhibited by IFITM3 generally enter cells via endocytosis,and are trafficked to IFITM3-positive intracellular membrane compartments.1,2 IFITM3-positive compartments are acidic and stain positive for a variety of endosomal,lysosomal and autophagosomal markers.2,3 Although the membrane fusion of many endocytic viruses,such as influenza virus,is triggered by acidic pH,fusion is blocked in the presence of IFITM3,and virions are degraded2,4,5(Figure 1).It has been proposed that IFITM3 alters membrane properties,including rigidity and curvature,to inhibit virus membrane fusion.5 The molecular mechanism underlying these IFITM3-induced membrane alterations is not well characterized,and whether IFITM3 has other cellular functions is also not known.

关键词： IFITM3 inhibited alterations

Current and future uses of skeletal stem cells for bone regeneration

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2020年第5期12卷 339-350页

作者： Guo-Ping Xu Xiang-Feng Zhang Lu Sun Er-Man Chen department of Orthopedics The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310000Zhejiang ProvinceChina department of Oral Medicine Infection and ImmunityHarvard School of Dental MedicineHarvard UniversityBostonMA 02115United States

The postnatal skeleton undergoes growth,modeling,and remodeling.The human skeleton is a composite of diverse tissue types,including bone,cartilage,fat,fibroblasts,nerves,blood vessels,and hematopoietic cells.Fracture nonunion and bone defects are among the most challenging clinical problems in orthopedic trauma.The incidence of nonunion or bone defects following fractures is increasing.Stem and progenitor cells mediate homeostasis and regeneration in postnatal tissue,including bone tissue.As multipotent stem cells,skeletal stem cells(SSCs)have a strong effect on the growth,differentiation,and repair of bone regeneration.In recent years,a number of important studies have characterized the hierarchy,differential potential,and bone formation of SSCs.Here,we describe studies on and applications of SSCs and/or mesenchymal stem cells for bone regeneration.

关键词： Skeletal stem cell Mesenchymal stem cell Bone regeneration Periosteum Bone marrow Skeleton

A case of cutaneous nocardiosis caused by Nocardia cyriacigeorgica in a diabetic patient

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国际感染病学（电子版） 2015年第1期4卷 1-5页

作者： Yuchi Jia Shiduo Song Xiaomei Wu Wei Qi Department of Infection Research Institute The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University

We present a case of cutaneous abscess with Nocardia cyriacigeorgica in a diabetic patient, and review the published work. This patient had infectious abscess on his left lower thigh and the right lower abdomen. The isolated organism was identified by DNA amplification and sequence analyses of the 16S rRNA. After incision and drainage, the clinical application empirically used linezolid and SMZCo took effect.

关键词： Nocardia cyriacigeorgica Cutaneous nocardiosis Diabetic patient

Brucellosis presenting with pancytopenia and hearing loss:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第21期11卷 5187-5192页

作者： Xing Chen Feng-Bo Yang Jian-Ying Liang Department of Infection Nanchong Central HospitalNanchong 637000Sichuan ProvinceChina department of Otolaryngology Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchong 637000Sichuan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Brucellosis is one of the most common zoonotic infectious diseases in the world,with approximately 500000 new cases of human brucellosis diagnosed each year.Brucellosis can simulate various multi-system diseases,presenting atypical symptoms.Very few brucellosis cases with pancytopenia accompanied by a severe hearing loss have been reported.In the literature review,we could find only one similar case reported in the past.Moreover,this disease is easily misdiagnosed as a blood system disease leading to delayed treatment.Thus,it is important to improve clinicians'awareness of this disease.CASE SUMMARY A 64-year-old woman presented with dizziness and fatigue,accompanied by pancytopenia and severe hearing loss.Brucella melitensis was identified on blood culture.Anti-infective therapy with rifampicin(900 mg/d)and doxycycline(100 mg twice a day)was prescribed for 4 mo along with ceftriaxone 2 g/d for 1 mo.The patient showed a good response to antibiotic therapy.Her blood counts returned to normal followed by significant improvement in hearing.CONCLUSION Brucellosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with pancytopenia and hearing loss.

关键词： Brucellosis Pancytopenia Hearing loss Neurobrucellosis Case report

Efficient antibody evasion but reduced ACE2 binding by the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.640.2

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第9期19卷 1067-1069页

作者： Prerna Arora Amy Kempf Inga Nehlmeier Luise Graichen Sebastian Schulz Anne Cossmann Alexandra Dopfer-Jablonka Martin S.Winkler Hans-Martin Jäck Georg M.N.Behrens Stefan Pöhlmann Markus Hoffmann infection Biology Unit German Primate CenterKellnerweg 437077GöttingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology Georg-August-University GöttingenWilhelmsplatz 137073GöttingenGermany Division of Molecular Immunology Department of Internal Medicine 3Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-NürnbergGlückstraße 691054ErlangenGermany department for Rheumatology and Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolCarl-Neuberg-Straße 130625HannoverGermany German Centre for infection Research(DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-BraunschweigHannoverGermany Centre for Individualised infection Medicine(CiiM) HannoverGermany department of Anesthesiology University of Göttingen Medical CenterGöttingenGeorg-August University of GöttingenRobert-Koch-Straße 4037075GöttingenGermany

The SARS-CoV-2 spike(S)protein engages ACE2 for cell entry,and the S protein/ACE2 interface is an important target for neutralizing antibodies.In the course of the COVID-19 pandemic,SARS-CoV-2 variants have emerged that harbor mutations in the S protein,which confer neutralization resistance and allow viral spread in immunologically nonnaive populations.The most prominent example is the highly mutated Omicron variant,which infects convalescent or vaccinated individuals with unprecedented efficiency[1,2].

关键词： ACE2 harbor neutral

Sofosbuvir/Ribavirin therapy for patients experiencing failure of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir + ribavirin therapy: Two cases report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第9期7卷 1043-1052页

作者： Ken Sato Yuichi Yamazaki Takeshi Kobayashi Satoshi Takakusagi Norio Horiguchi Satoru Kakizaki Masayasu Andou Yoshihiro Matsuda Toshio Uraoka Hiroshi Ohnishi Hiroaki Okamoto department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine department of Nephrology and Rheumatology Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine Division of Virology Department of Infection and Immunity Jichi Medical University School of Medicine

BACKGROUND The effectiveness of sofosbuvir/ribavirin(SOF/RBV) combination therapy,which is one of the 1 st-choice therapeutic options for patients with hepatitis C virus(HCV) genotype 2(HCV-G2) in Japan according to the most recent version of the Japan Society of Hepatology guideline, for patients who experienced failure of the ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir plus ribavirin(OBV/PTV/r+RBV) combination therapy, which was another option for patients with HCV-G2, is unknown.CASE SUMMARY We evaluated the effects of SOF/RBV combination therapy in two patients with genotype 2 a who could not achieve a sustained virological response(SVR) by OBV/PTV/r+RBV combination therapy. One patient was complicated with VogtKoyanagi-Harada(VKH) disease. Resistance-associated variations before SOF/RBV combination therapy were not detected in two patients. Both patients had an SVR at 12 wk after the treatment(SVR12). Regarding adverse events(AEs), itching, chill, a dull feeling in the throat and cough as well as increase of alanine transaminase level were shown in one patient, while a headache and deterioration of light aversion probably due to the recurrence of VKH disease were shown in the other patients. In addition, the latter patient developed arthralgia and morning stiffness approximately 7 wk after the therapy and turned out to be diagnosed with rheumatoid arthralgia.CONCLUSION SOF/RBV therapy might be effective for patients experiencing failure of OBV/PTV/r+RBV therapy, but caution should be taken regarding the AEs.

关键词： Direct-acting antiviral agent failure Hepatitis C Genotype 2 Ribavirin Sofosbuvir Case report

Liver Function Derangement in Patients with Severe Fever and Thrombocytopenia Syndrome

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第5期10卷 825-834页

作者： Sihong Lu Ling Xu Boyun Liang Hua Wang Tong Wang Tiandan Xiang Sumeng Li Lei Fan Junyuan Li Cheng Peng Xin Zheng department of Infectious Diseases Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeJoint International Laboratory of Infection and ImmunityHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina

Background and Aims:Patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)commonly show liver function impairment.This study aimed to characterize the liver function indices in SFTS patients and investigate their association with mortality.Methods:Clinical information and laboratory results of 459 laboratory-confirmed SFTS patients,including 78 deceased and 381 surviving patients,were retrospectively analyzed.To explore the infectivity of SFTS caused by novel Bunyavirus(SFTSV)in hepatocytes,Huh7 human hepatoma cells were infected with various concentrations of SFTSV in vitro.Results:The proportion of SFTS patients developing liver injury during hospitalization was 73.2%(336/459);the hepatocellular injury was the predominant type.The median time to occurrence of liver injury from disease onset was 8 d.Liver injury in the deceased group occurred earlier than that in the surviving group.Alanine aminotransferase(ALT)level between 2–5 times upper limit of normal(ULN)at 4–6 d and between 5–15 ULN at 7–12 d of disease course were independent predictors of mortality.Alkaline phosphatase(ALP)>2 ULN at 7–9 d and elevated ALP at 10–12 days after disease onset were risk factors for death.ALT and aspartate transaminase(AST)levels were correlated with lymphocyte count and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR).Total bilirubin(TB),ALT,AST levels showed positive correlation with viral load.In the in vitro experiment,SFTSV infected and replicated inside Huh7 cells.Conclusions:Liver injury is common in SFTS patients.ALT and ALP were independent predictors of SFTS-related mortality.Frequent monitoring and evaluation of liver function indices are needed for SFTS patients.

关键词： Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Liver Function Tests Mortality Risk Factors

Tuberculosis infection Control Project Management Experience and Its Application in COVID-19 Response

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China CDC weekly 2020年第34期2卷 666-668页

作者： Qingyun Sun Xiaofeng Yan Cheng Chen Xuemei Jiang Jun Cheng department of Nosocomial infection Control and Prevention Chong Qing Public Health Medical CenterChong QingChina National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

The outbreak of COVID-19 resulted in many infections,including patients in health care settings(1).Although the main mode of transmission of COVID-19 is by droplets,both tuberculosis(TB)and COVID-19 are respiratory infections that can be spread by airborne transmission.Therefore,a set of systematic and comprehensive nosocomial infection control policies is necessary to control infectious sources,block transmission,and protect people at risk in health care settings.

关键词： respiratory tuberculosis infection

Role of B1 cells in autoimmunity

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Role of B1 cells in autoimmunity