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Maintaining moderate levels of hypochlorous acid promotes neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation in the recovery phase of stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 845-857页

作者： Lin-Yan Huang Yi-De Zhang Jie Chen Hai-Di Fan Wan Wang Bin Wang Ju-Yun Ma Peng-Peng Li Hai-Wei Pu Xin-Yian Guo Jian-Gang Shen Su-Hua Qi School of Medical Technology Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory DiagnosticsXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina School of Pharmacy Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina department of Laboratory Medicine Branch Hospital of Huai’an First People’s HospitalHuai’anJiangsu ProvinceChina department of Laboratory Medicine the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina School of Chinese Medicine The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

It has been shown clinically that continuous removal of ischemia/reperfusion-induced reactive oxygen species is not conducive to the recovery of late ***,previous studies have shown that excessive increases in hypochlorous acid after stroke can cause severe damage to brain *** previous studies have found that a small amount of hypochlorous acid still exists in the later stage of stroke,but its specific role and mechanism are currently *** simulate stroke in vivo,a middle cerebral artery occlusion rat model was established,with an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation model established in vitro to mimic *** found that in the early stage(within 24 hours)of ischemic stroke,neutrophils produced a large amount of hypochlorous acid,while in the recovery phase(10 days after stroke),microglia were activated and produced a small amount of hypochlorous ***,in acute stroke in rats,hypochlorous acid production was prevented using a hypochlorous acid scavenger,taurine,or myeloperoxidase inhibitor,4-aminobenzoic acid *** results showed that high levels of hypochlorous acid(200μM)induced neuronal apoptosis after oxygen/glucose deprivation/***,in the recovery phase of the middle cerebral artery occlusion model,a moderate level of hypochlorous acid promoted the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons and *** suggests that hypochlorous acid plays different roles at different phases of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion *** levels of hypochlorous acid(5 and 100μM)promoted nuclear translocation ofβ-*** transfection of single-site mutation plasmids,we found that hypochlorous acid induced chlorination of theβ-catenin tyrosine 30 residue,which promoted nuclear ***,our study indicates that maintaining low levels of hypochlorous acid plays a key role in the recovery of neurological function.

关键词： cell differentiation cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury chlorination hypochlorous acid microglia neural stem cell neurogenesis nuclear translocation stroke β-catenin

Hydrogen sulfide prodrugs—a review

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2015年第5期5卷 367-377页

作者： Yueqin Zheng Xingyue Ji Kaili Ji Binghe Wang department of Chemistry and Center for diagnostics and Therapeutics Georgia State University

Hydrogen sul fi de(H_2S) is recognized as one of three gasotransmitters together with nitric oxide(NO) and carbon monoxide(CO). As a signaling molecule, H_2S plays an important role in physiology and shows great potential in pharmaceutical applications. Along this line, there is a need for the development of H_2S prodrugs for various reasons. In this review, we summarize different H_2S prodrugs, their chemical properties, and some of their potential therapeutic applications.

关键词： Hydrogen sulfide(H2S) Gasotransmitters H2S prodrugs H2S-hybrid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Controllable H2S prodrugs Hydrolysis-based H2S prodrugs

Association between moderately oxidized low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein particle subclass distribution in hemodialyzed and post-renal transplant patients

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2011年第5期12卷 365-371页

作者： Elzbieta KIMAK Magdalena HALABI Iwona BARANOWICZ-GASZCZYK Janusz SOLSKI Andrzej KSIAZEK department of Laboratory diagnostics Medical University of Lublin department of Nephrology Medical University of Lublin

Disturbances in the metabolism of lipoprotein profiles and oxidative stress in hemodialyzed （HD） and post-renal transplant （Tx） patients are proatherogenic, but elevated concentrations of plasma high-density lipoprotein （HDL） reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. We investigated the concentrations of lipid, lipoprotein, HDL particle, oxidized low-density lipoprotein （ox-LDL） and anti-ox-LDL, and paraoxonase-1 （PON-1） activity in HD （n=33） and Tx （n=71） patients who were non-smokers without active inflammatory disease, liver disease, diabetes, or malignancy. HD patients had moderate hypertriglyceridemia, normocholesterolemia, low HDL-C, apolipoprotein A-I （apoA-I） and HDL particle concentrations as well as PON-1 activity, and increased ox-LDL and anti-ox-LDL levels. Tx patients had hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, moderately decreased HDL-C and HDL particle concentrations and PON-1 activity, and moderately increased ox-LDL and anti-ox-LDL levels as compared to the reference, but ox-LDL and anti-ox-LDL levels and PON-1 activity were more disturbed in HD patients. However, in both patient groups, lipid and lipoprotein ratios （total cholesterol （TC）/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, triglyceride （TG）/HDL-C, HDL-C/non-HDL-C, apoA-I/apoB, HDL-C/apoA-I, TG/HDL） were atherogenic. The Spearman＇s rank coefficient test showed that the concentration of ox-LDL correlated positively with HDL particle level （R=0.363, P=0.004）, and negatively with TC （R=-0.306, P=0.012）, LDL-C （R=-0.283, P=0.020）, and non-HDL-C （R=-0.263, P=0.030） levels in Tx patients. Multiple stepwise forward regression analysis in Tx patients demonstrated that ox-LDL concentration, as an independent variable, was associated significantly positively with HDL particle level. The results indicated that ox-LDL and de- creased PON-1 activity in Tx patients may give rise to more mildly-oxidized HDLs, which are less stable, easily undergo metabolic remodeling, generate a greater number of smaller pre-13-HDL particle

关键词： Lipids Lipoproteins Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) High-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles Post-renal transplant Hemodialysis

AHT Bézier Curves and NUAHT B-Spline Curves

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2007年第4期22卷 597-607页

作者：徐岗汪国昭 Institute of Computer Graphics and image Processing Zhejiang University department of Mathematics Zhejiang University

In this paper, we present two new unified mathematics models of conics and polynomial curves, called algebraic hyperbolic trigonometric （ AHT） Bezier curves and non-uniform algebraic hyperbolic trigonometric （ NUAHT） B-spline curves of order n, which are generated over the space span{sin t, cos t, sinh t, cosh t, 1, t,..., t^n-5}, n 7〉 5. The two kinds of curves share most of the properties as those of the Bezier curves and B-spline curves in polynomial space. In particular, they can represent exactly some remarkable transcendental curves such as the helix, the cycloid and the catenary. The subdivision formulae of these new kinds of curves are also given. The generations of the tensor product surfaces are straightforward. Using the new mathematics models, we present the control mesh representations of two classes of minimal surfaces.

关键词： CAD/CAM AHT Bezier curve NUAHT B-spline curves transcendental curves

Steel Surface Defect Detection Using Learnable Memory Vision Transformer

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 499-520页

作者： Syed Tasnimul Karim Ayon Farhan Md.Siraj Jia Uddin department of Computer Science and Engineering BRAC UniversityDhaka1212Bangladesh department of AI and Big Data Endicott CollegeWoosong UniversityDaejeon34606Republic of Korea

This study investigates the application of Learnable Memory Vision Transformers(LMViT)for detecting metal surface flaws,comparing their performance with traditional CNNs,specifically ResNet18 and ResNet50,as well as other transformer-based models including Token to Token ViT,ViT withoutmemory,and Parallel *** awidely-used steel surface defect dataset,the research applies data augmentation and t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding(t-SNE)to enhance feature extraction and *** techniques mitigated overfitting,stabilized training,and improved generalization *** LMViT model achieved a test accuracy of 97.22%,significantly outperforming ResNet18(88.89%)and ResNet50(88.90%),aswell as the Token to TokenViT(88.46%),ViT without memory(87.18),and Parallel ViT(91.03%).Furthermore,LMViT exhibited superior training and validation performance,attaining a validation accuracy of 98.2%compared to 91.0%for ResNet 18,96.0%for ResNet50,and 89.12%,87.51%,and 91.21%for Token to Token ViT,ViT without memory,and Parallel ViT,*** findings highlight the LMViT’s ability to capture long-range dependencies in images,an areawhere CNNs struggle due to their reliance on local receptive fields and hierarchical feature *** additional transformer-based models also demonstrate improved performance in capturing complex features over CNNs,with LMViT excelling particularly at detecting subtle and complex defects,which is critical for maintaining product quality and operational efficiency in industrial *** instance,the LMViT model successfully identified fine scratches and minor surface irregularities that CNNs often *** study not only demonstrates LMViT’s potential for real-world defect detection but also underscores the promise of other transformer-based architectures like Token to Token ViT,ViT without memory,and Parallel ViT in industrial scenarios where complex spatial relationships are *** research m

关键词： Learnable Memory Vision Transformer(LMViT) Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN) metal surface defect detection deep learning,computer vision image classification learnable memory gradient clipping label smoothing t-SNE visualization

Relation among C-curve characterization diagrams

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2007年第10期8卷 1663-1670页

作者： CAO Juan WANG Guo-zhao Institute of Computer Graphics and image Processing Department of Mathematics Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

As three control points are fixed and the fourth control point varies, the planar cubic C-curve may take on a loop, a cusp, or zero to two inflection points, depending on the position of the moving point. The plane can, therefore, be partitioned into regions labelled according to the characterization of the curve when the fourth point is in each region. This partitioned plane is called a "characterization diagram". By moving one of the control points but fixing the rest, one can induce different characterization diagrams. In this paper, we investigate the relation among all different characterization diagrams of cubic C-curves based on the singularity conditions proposed by Yang and Wang (2004). We conclude that, no matter what the C-curve type is or which control point varies, the characterization diagrams can be obtained by cutting a common 3D characterization space with a corresponding plane.

关键词： Spline C-curve Characterization diagram Singularity

Clinical impact of plasma TGF-β1 and circulating TGF-β1 mRNA in diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2008年第3期7卷 288-295页

作者： Zhi-Zhen Dong,Deng-Fu Yao,Min Yao,Li-Wei Qiu,Lei Zong,Wei Wu, Xin-Hua Wu,Deng-Bing Yao and Xian-Yong Meng department of diagnostics,Research Center of Clinical Molecular Biology,department of Laboratory Science,and department of GastroenterologyAffiliated Hospital and Institute of Neurosciences,Nantong University,Nantong 226001,China department of diagnostics Affiliated Hospital Nantong University Nantong 226001 China.

BACKGROUND:Transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) plays an important role in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation,angiogenesis,extracellular matrix formation,immunosuppression and cancer development. In this study,we investigated the levels of TGF-β1 and TGF-β1 mRNA expression,their relationship with HBV replication,and their diagnostic value for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). METHODS:Total RNAs were extracted from HCC samples and matched non-tumor tissues,and from peripheral blood mononuclear cells in HCC ***-β1 mRNA was amplified by RT-PCR and confirmed by DNA sequencing. The distribution of TGF-β1 expression was assessed by *** clinical characteristics were analyzed between TGF-β1 and HBV *** diagnostic value of circulating TGF-β1 and TGF-β1 mRNA levels were investigated in HCC patients. RESULTS:The incidence of hepatic TGF-β1 expression was 83.3%in HCC samples,43.3%in the surrounding tissues, 94.7%in the HBV DNA-positive group,and 63.6%in the HBV DNA-negative *** TGF-β1 expression was associated with the degree of HCC differentiation and the status of HBV replication,but not with the size or number of *** TGF-β1 level and incidence of TGF-β1 mRNA were significantly higher in the HCC groupthan in any group of patients with benign liver disease, with a higher sensitivity of 89.5%and a specificity of 94.0% for HCC diagnosis when circulating TGF-β1 levels were >1.2μg/*** significant correlation was found between TGF-β1 expression and AFP level or tumor *** TGF-β1 level and serum AFP raised the detection rate to 97.4%. CONCLUSIONS:Abnormal expression of hepatic TGF-β1 is associated with the degree of HCC differentiation and HBV *** circulating TGF-β1 and TGF-β1 mRNA can be used as sensitive biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of HBV-induced HCC.

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma transforming growth factor beta immunohistochemistry diagnosis

Click chemistry and drug delivery:A bird's-eye view

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第5期13卷 1990-2016页

作者： Shameer M.Kondengadan Shubham Bansal Ce Yang Dongning Liu Zach Fultz Binghe Wang department of Chemistry and Center for diagnostics and Therapeutics Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGA 30303USA

Click chemistry has been proven to be very useful in drug *** to the availability of a large number of click reactions with a various characteristics,selection of appropriate chemistry for a given application is often not a trivial *** review is written for pharmaceutical researchers who are interested in click chemistry applications and yet may not be click chemistry *** this,the review gives an overview of available click reactions organized by application ***,the general understanding of click reactions being fast and high yielding sometimes overshadows the need to analyze reaction kinetics in assessing suitability of a given reaction for certain *** this,we highlight the need to analyze the relationship among reaction kinetics,concentration effects,and reaction time scales,knowing that lack of such analysis could easily lead to ***,possible issues such as chemical stability with various click reagents are also discussed to aid experimental *** examples and extensive references are also provided to aid in-depth understanding of technical *** hope this review will help those interested in using click chemistry in drug delivery to select the appropriate reactions/reagents and minimize the number of pitfalls.

关键词： Bioorthogonal chemistry Bond-breaking reaction PROTAC Antibody—drug conjugates Gasotransmitters

Prodrugs of hydrogen sulfide and related sulfur species: recent development

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2020年第4期18卷 296-307页

作者： YUAN Zheng-Nan ZHENG Yue-Qin WANG Bing-He department of Chemistry and Center for diagnostics and Therapeutics Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGeorgia 30303USA

Hydrogen sulfide(H2S) is commonly referred to as the third gasotransmitter with firmly established physiological roles. Prodrug approaches have been broadly applied to deliver H2S for various applications and mechanistic studies. Since S-persulfidation and glutathionylation are known to be important in cellular signaling by sulfur species, there have been interests in developing donors of persulfide and glutathione persulfide as well. In this review, we discuss the recent development in area of prodrugs for various sulfur species.

关键词： H2S S-persulfidation Light-sensitive H2S prodrugs