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Blastomas of the digestive system in adults:A review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第4期16卷 1030-1042页

作者： Yu Liu Tony El Jabbour Jonathan Somma Yukihiro Nakanishi Saverio Ligato Hwajeong Lee Zhi-Yan Fu department of pathology LSU Health Sciences Center School of MedicineNew OrleansLA 70112United States department of pathology Hartford HealthCareHartfordCT 06102United States department of pathology Moffitt Cancer CenterTampaFL 33612United States department of pathology and Laboratory Medicine Albany Medical CenterAlbanyNY 12208United States

Blastomas,characterized by a mixture of mesenchymal,epithelial,and undifferentiated blastematous components,are rare malignant neoplasms originating from precursor blast *** review focuses on digestive system blastomas in adult patients,including gastroblastoma,hepatoblastoma,and *** is a biphasic,epitheliomesenchymal tumor,with only sixteen cases reported to *** addition to the characteristic histology,metastasisassociated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1-glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 gene fusion is typical,although recently novel ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1-c-terminal binding protein 1 and patched 1-glioma-associated oncogene homolog 2 fusions have been *** is exceptionally rare in adults and can show a variety of histologic patterns which may cause diagnostic ***,primarily a pediatric tumor,displays acinar differentiation and squamoid nests with other lines of differentiation also present,especially *** approaches for these blastomas include a combination of imaging modalities,histopathological examination,and molecular *** treatment generally involves surgical resection,which may be supplemented by chemotherapy or radiotherapy in some *** vary with gastroblastoma generally showing favorable outcomes post-surgery whereas hepatoblastoma and pancreatoblastoma often have poorer outcomes,particularly in the setting of *** review highlights the complexity of diagnosing and managing these rare adult blastomas as well as the need for ongoing research to better understand their pathogenesis and improve treatment strategies.

关键词： Adult blastomas Gastroblastoma Hepatoblastoma Pancreatoblastoma Digestive system

UBE2T mediates the stemness properties of breast cancer cells through the mTOR signaling pathway

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BIOCELL 2024年第6期48卷 959-970页

作者： JIAWEI YIN YONGSHENG WANG GUANGWEI WEI MINGXIN WEN department of Traumatology The Second Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan250033China department of pathology Weifang People’s HospitalWeifang261000China department of human Anatomy Shandong University School of MedicineJinan250012China department of Cell Biology and Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology Shandong University School of MedicineJinan250012China

Objectives:This study aimed to reveal the role and possible mechanism of the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2T(UBE2T)in the biological activities of breast cancer stem cells(BCSCs).Methods:The specific protein and gene expression were quantified by Western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,the proportion of BCSCs was examined by flow cytometry,and the self-renewal and proliferation of BCSCs were verified by serial sphere formation and soft ***:Increasing expression of UBE2T was drastically found in breast cancer than that in adjacent ***,UBE2T overexpression significantly increased the proportion of BCSCs in breast cancer cells and promoted their self-renewal and *** UBE2T exhibited the opposite ***2T increased the levels of the mammalian target of rapamycin and the phosphorylated mammalian target of *** target of rapamycin(mTOR)inhibitor rapamycin inhibited the function of UBE2T in ***:UBE2T plays a role in BCSCs through mTOR pathway and may suggest a novel therapeutic strategy for breast cancer.

关键词： UBE2T Breast cancer Breast cancer stem cell mTOR

Upregulation of α-ENaC induces pancreatic β-cell dysfunction,ER stress,and SIRT2 degradation

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Journal of Biomedical Research 2024年第3期38卷 241-255页

作者： Xue Zhang Dan Zhang Lei Huo Xin Zhou Jia Zhang Min Li Dongming Su Peng Sun Fang Chen Xiubin Liang department of Pathophysiology Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China department of pathology Nanjing Drum Tower Hospitalthe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsu 210009China Key Laboratory of human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China department of pathology Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China

Islet beta cells(β-cells)produce insulin in response to high blood glucose levels,which is essential for preserving glucose ***-gated ion channels inβ-cells,including Na+,K+,and Ca2+channels,aid in the release of *** epithelial sodium channel alpha subunit(α-ENaC),a voltage-independent sodium ion channel,is also expressed in human pancreatic endocrine ***,there is no reported study on the function of ENaC in theβ-*** the current study,we found thatα-ENaC was expressed in human pancreatic glandule and pancreatic isletβ-*** the pancreas of db/db mice and high-fat diet-induced mice,and in mouse isletβ-cells(MIN6 cells)treated with palmitate,α-ENaC expression was ***α-ENaC was overexpressed in MIN6 cells,insulin content and glucose-induced insulin secretion were significantly *** the other hand,palmitate injured isletβ-cells and suppressed insulin synthesis and secretion,but increasedα-ENaC expression in MIN6 ***,α-ENaC knockout(Scnn1a−/−)in MIN6 cells attenuatedβ-cell disorder induced by ***,α-ENaC regulated the ubiquitylation and degradation of sirtuin 2 inβ-cells.α-ENaC also modulatedβ-cell function in correlation with the inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha/X-box binding protein 1(IRE1α/XBP1)and protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase/C/EBP homologous protein(PERK/CHOP)endoplasmic reticulum stress *** results suggest thatα-ENaC may play a novel role in insulin synthesis and secretion in theβ-cells,and the upregulation ofα-ENaC promotes isletβ-cell *** conclusion,α-ENaC may be a key regulator involved in isletβ-cell damage and a potential therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

关键词： α-ENaC pancreaticβ-cells type 2 diabetes mellitus endoplasmic reticulum stress sirtuin 2

Success rate of current human-derived gastric cancer organoids establishment and influencing factors:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1626-1646页

作者： Kai-Lin Jiang Xiang-Xiang Wang Xue-Jiao Liu Li-Kun Guo Yong-Qi Chen Qing-Ling Jia Ke-Ming Yang Jiang-Hong Ling department of Gastroenterology Shuguang HospitalShanghai 200021China department of pathology Shuguang HospitalShanghai 200021China

BACKGROUND human-derived gastric cancer organoids(GCOs)are widely used in gastric cancer research;however,the culture success rate is generally *** To explore the potential influencing factors,and the literature on successful culture rates of GCOs was reviewed using *** PubMed,Web of Science,and EMBASE were searched for *** trained researchers selected the studies and extracted *** 17.0 software was used for meta-analysis of the incidence of each outcome *** adjusted Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies scale was used to assess the quality of the included *** plots and Egger’s test were used to detect publication *** analyses were conducted for sex,tissue source,histo-logical classification,and the pathological tumor-node-metastasis(pTNM)cancer staging *** Eight studies with a pooled success rate of 66.6%were *** derived from women and men had success rates of 67%and 46.7%,*** from surgery or biopsy/endoscopic submucosal dissection showed success rates of 70.9%and 53.7%,*** of poorly-differentiated,moderately-differentiated and signet-ring cell cancer showed success rates of 64.6%,31%,and 32.7%,*** with pTNM stages I-II and III-IV showed success rates of 38.3%and 65.2%,respectively.Y-27632 and non-Y-27632 use showed success rates of 58.2%and 70%,*** generated with collagenase were more successful than those constructed with Liberase TH and TrypLE(72.1%vs 71%,respectively).EDTA digestion showed a 50%lower success rate than other methods(P=0.04).CONCLUSION GCO establishment rate is low and varies by sex,tissue source,histological type,and pTNM *** Y-27632,and using Liberase TH,TrypLE,or collagenase yields greater success than EDTA.

关键词： Gastric cancer organoids human-derived organoids Gastric cancer Cell lines In vitro research models

Targeting stroma and tumor,silencing galectin 1 treats orthotopic mouse hepatocellular carcinoma

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第1期14卷 292-303页

作者： Tahereh Setayesh Ying Hu Farzam Vaziri Xin Chen Jinping Lai Dongguang Wei Yu-Jui Yvonne Wan department of Medical pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of CaliforniaDavisSacramentoCA 95817USA Cancer Biology Program the University of Hawaii Cancer CenterHonoluluHI 96813USA department of pathology and Laboratory Medicine Kaiser Permanente Sacramento Medical CenterSacramentoCA 95825USA

This study examines inhibiting galectin 1(Gal1)as a treatment option for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Gal1 has immunosuppressive and cancer-promoting *** data showed that Gal1 was highly expressed in human and mouse *** levels of Gal1 positively correlated with the stages of human HCC and negatively with *** roles of Gal1 in HCC were studied using overexpression(OE)or silencing using Igals1 siRNA delivered by *** to HCC initiation induced by RAS and AKT mutations,lgals1-OE and silencing had opposite impacts on tumor *** treatment effect of lgals1 siRNAwas further demonstrated by intersecting HCC at different time points when the tumor load had already reached 9%or even 42%of the body *** spatial transcriptomic profiles of Gal1 silenced and OE HCC,inhibiting matrix formation and recognition of foreign antigen in CD45t cell-enriched areas located at tumor-margin likely contributed to the anti-HCC effects of Gal1 *** the tumors,silencing Gal1 inhibited translational initiation,elongation,and ***,Gal1 silencing increased immune cells as well as expanded cytotoxic T cells within the tumor,and the anti-HCC effect of lgals1 siRNAwas ***,Gal1 silencing has a promising potential for HCC treatment.

关键词： Liver Hepatocellular carcinoma Carbohydrate-binding lectin Galectin 1 Extracellular matrix Translation Spatial transcriptomics Tumor-margin

Mechanical sensor PDLIM5 promotes the osteogenesis of human adipose-derived stem cells through microfilament alterations

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 136-139页

作者： Yuchao Yang Shutong Wu Rongmei Qu Congrong Wang Jinyang Wang Asmat Ullah Khan You Pan Wenqing Liu Jinhui Zhu Muhammad Akram Khan Chujiang Xu Jingxing Dai Jun Ouyang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics&National Key Discipline of human Anatomy Schoolof BasicMedical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515China department of Laboratory Medicine Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515China department of pathology Guangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdong 510080China department of Breast Surgery Guangxi Medical University Cancer HospitalNanningGuangxi 530000China department of Veterinary pathology Faculty of Veterinary and Animal SciencesPMAS Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindi 46300Pakistan department of Orthopedics TCM-Integrated HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510000China

Bone regeneration is a multifaceted,abstract,and wellcoordinated physiological progression of bone formation that participates in continuous regeneration and remodeling throughout ***,when it comes to complex clinical situations requiring extensive bone regeneration,such as massive bone defects caused by injuries,infection,or tumor removal,traditional methods do not often yield good treatment strategies or protocols due to their limitations.

关键词： alterations injuries massive

Morphological and biochemical characteristics associated with autophagy in gastrointestinal diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1524-1532页

作者： Yi-Fan Chang Jia-Jing Li Tao Liu Chong-Qing Wei Li-Wei Ma Vladimir N Nikolenko Wei-Long Chang department of Gastrointestinal Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052Henan ProvinceChina department of pathology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052Henan ProvinceChina department of Clinical Laboratory The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052Henan ProvinceChina department of human Anatomy and Histology I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University(Sechenov University)Moscow 119991Russia

Autophagy is a cellular catabolic process characterized by the formation of double-membrane *** electron microscopy is the most rigorous method to clearly visualize autophagic engulfment and degradation.A large number of studies have shown that autophagy is closely related to the digestion,secretion,and regeneration of gastrointestinal(GI)***,the role of autophagy in GI diseases remains *** article focuses on the morphological and biochemical characteristics of autophagy in GI diseases,in order to provide new ideas for their diagnosis and treatment.

关键词： Autophagy Morphological study Biochemical characteristics Subcellular structure Transmission electron microscopy Gastrointestinal diseases

Association between Helicobacter pylori infection,mismatch repair,HER2 and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第6期16卷 2487-2503页

作者： Carlos A Castaneda Miluska Castillo Luis A Bernabe Joselyn Sanchez Matteo Fassan Katherine Tello Ignacio Ivan Wistuba Ivan Chavez Passiuri Eloy Ruiz Juvenal Sanchez Fernando Barreda Daniel Valdivia Yaqueline Bazan Milagros Abad-Licham Claudio Mengoa Hugo Fuentes Paola Montenegro Ebert Poquioma Raul Alatrista Claudio J Flores Luis Taxa Faculty of Health Sciences Universidad Cientifica del SurLima 15038Peru GECO PERU Grupo de Estudios Clinicos Oncologicos del PeruLima 15038Peru department of Research Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades NeoplasicasLima 15038Peru Faculty of human Medicine Universidad Ricardo PalmaLima 15039Peru department of Medicine Surgical Pathology&Cytopathology UnitUniversity of PaduaPadua 35121Italy department of Translational Molecular pathology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030United States department of Abdominal Surgery Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades NeoplasicasLima 15038Peru department of pathology Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades NeoplasicasLima 15038Peru department of Medical Specialties Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades NeoplasicasLima 15038Peru department of pathology Instituto Regional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas del NorteTrujillo 13001Peru Faculty of human Medicine Universidad Privada Antenor OrregoTrujillo 13008Peru department of Surgery Instituto Regional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas del SurArequipa 04002Peru department of Medical Oncology Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades NeoplasicasLima 15038Peru department of Epidemiology Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades NeoplasicasLima 15038Peru Unidad de Investigación Básica y Traslacional Oncosalud-AUNALima 15038Peru Faculty of Medicine Universidad San Martin de PorresLima 15008Peru

BACKGROUND The influence of Helicobacter-pylori(***)infection and the characteristics of gastric cancer(GC)on tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte(TIL)levels has not been extensively *** of infiltrating-immune-cell subtypes as well as survival is necessary to obtain comprehensive *** To determine the rates of deficient mismatch-repair(dMMR),HER2-status and *** infection and their association with TIL levels in *** Samples from 503 resected GC tumors were included and TIL levels were evaluated following the international-TILs-working-group recommendations with assessment of the intratumoral(IT),stromal(ST)and invasive-border(IB)*** density of CD3,CD8 and CD163 immune cells,and dMMR and HER2-status were determined by immunohistochemistry(IHC).*** infection was evaluated by routine histology and quantitative PCR(qPCR)in a subset of *** dMMR was found in 34.4%,HER2+in 5%and ***-positive in 55.7%of *** IT-TIL was associated with grade-3(P=0.038),while ST-TIL with grade-1(P<0.001),intestinal-histology(P<0.001)and no-recurrence(P=0.003).dMMR was associated with high TIL levels in the ST(P=0.019)and IB(P=0.01)compartments,and STCD3(P=0.049)and ST-CD8(P=0.05)***2-was associated with high IT-CD8(P=0.009).*** was associated with high IT-TIL levels(P=0.009)when assessed by routine-histology,and with high TIL levels in the 3 compartments(P=0.002-0.047)and CD8 density in the IT and ST compartments(P=0.001)when assessed by qPCR.A longer overall survival was associated with low IT-CD163(P=0.003)and CD8/CD3(P=0.001 in IT and P=0.002 in ST)and high IT-CD3(P=0.021),ST-CD3(P=0.003)and CD3/CD163(P=0.002).CONCLUSION TIL levels were related to dMMR and *** CD8/CD3 and high CD163/CD3 were associated with lower recurrence and longer survival.

关键词： Lymphocytes Macrophages Gastric cancer Helicobacter pylori HER2 Mismatch repair

Androgens exert multifaceted functions in sex differences analyzed through single-cell transcriptome

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Xinxin Tang Yinkun Fu Zhihui Zou Yue Li Ming He Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Ministry of Education Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases Department of Pathophysiology School o Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University department of pathology The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities

Sex differences are ubiquitous in human development, aging and disease. For example, the overwhelming majority of non-reproductive system cancers are more common in males(Mauvais-Jarvis et al., 2020), while autoimmune...

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