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Repetitive traumatic brain injury–induced complement C1–related inflammation impairs long-term hippocampal neurogenesis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 821-835页

作者： Jing Wang Bing Zhang Lanfang Li Xiaomei Tang Jinyu Zeng Yige Song Chao Xu Kai Zhao Guoqiang Liu Youming Lu Xinyan Li Kai Shu department of Neurosurgery Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina department of Neurosurgery Shanxi Bethune HospitalShanxi Academy of Medical SciencesTongji Shanxi HospitalThird Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanShanxi ProvinceChina department of Pathophysiology School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina Institute for Brain Research Wuhan Center of Brain ScienceHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina department of Graduate Student Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina department of Basic Medicine School of Medical ScienceHubei University for NationalitiesEnshiHubei ProvinceChina department of anatomy School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

Repetitive traumatic brain injury impacts adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus,leading to long-term cognitive ***,the mechanism underlying this neurogenesis impairment remains *** this study,we established a male mouse model of repetitive traumatic brain injury and performed long-term evaluation of neurogenesis of the hippocampal dentate gyrus after repetitive traumatic brain *** results showed that repetitive traumatic brain injury inhibited neural stem cell proliferation and development,delayed neuronal maturation,and reduced the complexity of neuronal dendrites and *** with repetitive traumatic brain injuryalso showed deficits in spatial memory ***,following repetitive traumatic brain injury,neuroinflammation was enhanced in the neurogenesis microenvironment where C1q levels were increased,C1q binding protein levels were decreased,and canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling was *** inhibitor of C1 reversed the long-term impairment of neurogenesis induced by repetitive traumatic brain injury and improved neurological *** findings suggest that repetitive traumatic brain injury–induced C1-related inflammation impairs long-term neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus and contributes to spatial memory retrieval dysfunction.

关键词： complement C1 dendrite dentate gyrus hippocampus neural stem cell neurogenesis neuroinflammation neurological function neuron traumatic brain injury

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Potential role of tanycyte-derived neurogenesis in Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1599-1612页

作者： Guibo Qi Han Tang Jianian Hu Siying Kang Song Qin department of anatomy Histologyand EmbryologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory of medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Tanycytes, specialized ependymal cells located in the hypothalamus, play a crucial role in the generation of new neurons that contribute to the neural circuits responsible for regulating the systemic energy balance. The precise coordination of the gene networks controlling neurogenesis in naive and mature tanycytes is essential for maintaining homeostasis in adulthood. However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that govern the proliferation and differentiation of tanycytes into neurons remains limited. This article aims to review the recent advancements in research into the mechanisms and functions of tanycyte-derived neurogenesis. Studies employing lineage-tracing techniques have revealed that the neurogenesis specifically originating from tanycytes in the hypothalamus has a compensatory role in neuronal loss and helps maintain energy homeostasis during metabolic diseases. Intriguingly,metabolic disorders are considered early biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore,the neurogenic potential of tanycytes and the state of newborn neurons derived from tanycytes heavily depend on the maintenance of mild microenvironments, which may be disrupted in Alzheimer's disease due to the impaired blood–brain barrier ***, the specific alterations and regulatory mechanisms governing tanycyte-derived neurogenesis in Alzheimer's disease remain unclear. Accumulating evidence suggests that tanycyte-derived neurogenesis might be impaired in Alzheimer's disease, exacerbating neurodegeneration. Confirming this hypothesis, however, poses a challenge because of the lack of long-term tracing and nucleus-specific analyses of newborn neurons in the hypothalamus of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Further research into the molecular mechanisms underlying tanycyte-derived neurogenesis holds promise for identifying small molecules capable of restoring tanycyte proliferation in neurodegenerative diseases. This line of investigation could pro

关键词： Alzheimer's disease blood–brain barrier ependymoglial cells hypothalamus metabolic diseases neural stem cells neurogenesis neuroinflammatory diseases neurons tanycyte

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Effect of sericin on diabetic hippocampal growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1 axis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第19期8卷 1756-1764页

作者： Zhihong Chen Songhe Yang Yaqiang He Chengjun Song Yongping Liu department of human anatomy Chengde Medical College department of Biochemistry Chengde Medical College

Previous studies have shown that sericin extracted from silk cocoon significantly reduces blood glucose levels and protects the nervous system against diabetes mellitus. In this study, a rat type 2 diabetes mellitus model was established by intraperitoneal injection of 25 mg/kg streptozotocin for 3 successive days, following which the rats were treated with sericin for 35 days. After treatment, the blood glucose levels of the diabetic rats decreased significantly, the growth hormone level in serum and its expression in the hippocampus decreased significantly, while the insulin-like growth factor-1 level in serum and insulin-like growth factor-1 and growth hormone receptor expression in the hippocampus increased significantly. The experimental findings indicate that sericin improves disorders of the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1 axis to alleviate hippocampal damage in diabetic rats.

关键词： neural regeneration traditional Chinese medicine sericin type 2 diabetes mellitus hippocampus growth hormone insulin-like growth factor 1 growth hormone receptor growth hormone/insulin-likegrowth factor 1 axis streptozotocin blood glucose western blot assay reverse transcription-PCR grants-supported paper neuroregeneration

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Brain injury in combination with tacrolimus promotes the regeneration of injured peripheral nerves

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第6期12卷 987-994页

作者： Xin-ze He Jian-jun Ma Hao-qi Wang Tie-min Hu Bo Sun Yun-feng Gao Shi-bo Liu Wei Wang Pei Wang department of Hand and Foot Surgery Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College Binzhou Central Hospital Postgraduate School Chengde Medical College department of Neurosurgery Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College department of Hand and Foot Surgery the First Hospital of Qinhuangdao

Both brain injury and tacrolimus have been reported to promote the regeneration of injured peripheral nerves. In this study, before transection of rat sciatic nerve, moderate brain contusion was（or was not） induced. After sciatic nerve injury, tacrolimus, an immunosuppressant, was（or was not） intraperitoneally administered. At 4, 8 and 12 weeks after surgery, Masson＇s trichrome, hematoxylin-eosin, and toluidine blue staining results revealed that brain injury or tacrolimus alone or their combination alleviated gastrocnemius muscle atrophy and sciatic nerve fiber impairment on the experimental side, simultaneously improved sciatic nerve function, and increased gastrocnemius muscle wet weight on the experimental side. At 8 and 12 weeks after surgery, brain injury induction and/or tacrolimus treatment increased action potential amplitude in the sciatic nerve trunk. Horseradish peroxidase retrograde tracing revealed that the number of horseradish peroxidase-positive neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord was greatly increased. Brain injury in combination with tacrolimus exhibited better effects on repair of injured peripheral nerves than brain injury or tacrolimus alone. This result suggests that brain injury in combination with tacrolimus promotes repair of peripheral nerve injury.

关键词： tacrolimus injured nerves regeneration alone axonal hematoxylin peroxidase tracing Schwann

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Sericin protects against diabetes-induced injuries in sciatic nerve and related nerve cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第6期8卷 506-513页

作者： Chengjun Song Zhenjun Yang Meirong Zhong Zhihong Chen department of human anatomy Chengde Medical University

Sericin from discarded silkworm cocoons of silk reeling has been used in different fields, such as cosmetology, skin care, nutrition, and oncology. The present study established a rat model of type 2 diabetes by consecutive intraperitoneal injections of low-dose （25 mg/kg） streptozotocin. After intragastrical perfusion of sericin for 35 days, blood glucose levels significantly declined, and the expression of neurofilament protein in the sciatic nerve and nerve growth factor in L4-6 spinal ganglion and anterior horn cells significantly increased. However, the expression of neuropeptide Y in spinal ganglion and anterior horn cells significantly decreased in model rats. These findings indicate that sericin protected the sciatic nerve and related nerve cells against injury in a rat type 2 diabetic model by upregulating the expression of neurofilament protein in the sciatic nerve and nerve growth factor in spinal ganglion and anterior horn cells, and downregulating the expression of neuropeptide Y in spinal ganglion and anterior horn cells.

关键词： neural regeneration traditional Chinese medicine peripheral nerve injury diabetes mellitus sericin sciatic nerve spinal ganglion ceils anterior horn ceils nerve cells neurofilament proteinnerve growth factor neuropeptide Y streptozotocin photographs-containing paper neuroregeneration

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Astragalus injection inhibits c-Jun N terminal kinase mRNA expression following oxygen-glucose deprivation and reintroduction in rat hippocampal neurons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2009年第11期4卷 879-884页

作者： Dongqing Ye Weijuan Gao Fengxia Yan Tao Qian Yali Zhang Research Room of Pathophysiology Chengde Medical College Chengde 067000 Hebei Province China Affiliated Hospital of chengde medical college Chengde 067000 Hebei Province China

BACKGROUND： In studies concerning cell injury induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, current experiments have primarily focused on altered protein levels. In addition, the apoptotic proteins Bax and Bcl-2 have been thoroughly studied with regard to initiating neuronal apoptosis. OBJECTIVE： To establish an in vitro model of oxygen-glucose deprivation and reintroduction in the rat hippocampus to simulate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury; to observe c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 （JNK3） mRNA expression in hippocampal neurons following Astragalus injection; and thus to determine changes in the signaling and downstream pathways of neuronal apoptosis at the cellular and molecular level. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled, cellular and molecular experiment was performed at the department of Central Laboratory, chengde medical college from February to June 2008. MATERIALS： Astragalus injection, the main ingredient of astragaloside, was purchased from Chengdu Di＇ao Jiuhong Pharmaceutical Manufactory, China. JNK3 mRNA probe and in situ hybridization kit were purchased from Tianjin Haoyang Biological Technology, China, and JNK3 RT-PCR primers were designed by Shanghai Bio-engineering, China. METHODS： Primary cultures of hippocampal neurons derived from Sprague Dawley rats, aged 1 2 days, were established. After 8 days, the hippocampal neurons were assigned to the following interventions： model group, Astragalus group, and vehicle control group, cells were subjected to oxygen-glucose reintroduction after oxygen-glucose deprivation for 30 minutes in sugar-free Earle＇s solution and a hypoxia device, which contained high-purity nitrogen. The normal control group was subjected to primary culture techniques and was not treated using above-mentioned interventions. In addition, the Astragalus and vehicle control groups were treated with Astragalus injection （0.5 g/L raw drug） or sterile, deionized water at 2 hours prior to oxygen-glucose deprivation, respectively. MA

关键词： oxygen-glucose deprivation and reintroduction Astragalus injection c-jun N-terminalkinase 3 mRNA hippocampal neuron

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Craniocerebral injury promotes the repair of peripheral nerve injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第18期9卷 1703-1708页

作者： Wei Wang Jun Gao Lei Na Hongtao Jiang Jingfeng Xue Zhenjun Yang Pei Wang department of Hand and Foot Surgery Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College department of Postgraduate Chengde Medical College department of anatomy Chengde Medical College

The increase in neurotrophic factors after craniocerebral injury has been shown to promote fracture healing. Moreover, neurotrophic factors play a key role in the regeneration and repair of peripheral nerve. However, whether craniocerebral injury alters the repair of peripheral nerve injuries remains poorly understood. Rat injury models were established by transecting the left sciatic nerve and using a free-fall device to induce craniocerebral injury. Compared with sciat- ic nerve injury alone after 6-12 weeks, rats with combined sciatic and craniocerebral injuries showed decreased sciatic functional index, increased recovery of gastrocnemius muscle wet weight, recovery of sciatic nerve ganglia and corresponding spinal cord segment neuron mor- phologies, and increased numbers of horseradish peroxidase-labeled cells. These results indicate that craniocerebral injury promotes the repair of peripheral nerve injury.

关键词： nerve regeneration craniocerebral injury peripheral nerve sciatic nerve sciatic nerveinjury nerve repair horseradish peroxidase tracer technique neural regeneration

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Spermatocytic tumor:A rare case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第35期9卷 11115-11121页

作者： Mei-Ling Hao Chun-Hui Li department of Pathology Chengde Medical College Affiliated HospitalChengde 067000Hebei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Spermatocytic tumor is a rare,malignant neoplasm of the *** the prognosis for this tumor type is favorable,accurate diagnosis and differentiation from other malignant testicular neoplasms(classic seminoma and lymphoma)are *** add to the existing literature on the diagnosis of spermatocytic tumor,herein we report the detailed clinical and histopathologic findings for a case that we *** SUMMARY A 60-year-old Chinese man presented with a solid mass in the right *** mass was surgically removed and spermatocytic tumor was *** microscopy,the tumor cells displayed an unusual arrangement in lobules,presenting a pseudo-glandular *** summarize and compare the diagnostic features of this tumor and those of the differential diagnoses,we report our case findings and those mentioned in the literature for various testicular *** imaging methods can detect masses early in development,their diagnostic capabilities are ***,histopathology,and immunohistochemistry are necessary for confirmatory *** It is important to identify and review the key diagnostic features of spermatocytic tumor.

关键词： Spermatocytic tumor Germ cell tumor Immunohistochemistry Pseudoglandular Case report

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Altered acetylcholinesterase levels in the spinal cord anterior horn and dorsal root ganglion following sciatic nerve ischemia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2009年第1期4卷 77-80页

作者： Zhenjun Yang Pei Wang Songhe Yang Jingfeng Xue department of human anatomy Chengde Medical College Chengde 067000 Hebei Province China Affiliated Hospital of chengde medical college Chengde 067000 Hebei Province China

BACKGROUND： Peripheral nerve ischemia has been shown to result in ischemic fiber degenera-tion and axoplasmic transport disturbance. However, the effect on acetylcholinesterase （AChE） ex- pression in relevant cells following sciatic nerve ischemia remains unclear. OBJECTIVE： To observe AChE concentration changes following peripheral nerve ischemia. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： The present comparative observation, neuroanatomical experiment was performed at the Central Laboratory Animal of chengde medical college between 2006 and 2007. MATERIALS： A total of 20 healthy, adult, Wistar rats were randomized into two groups （n = 10）： 8-day ischemia and 14-day ischemia. METHODS： Ischemia injury was induced in the unilateral sciatic nerve （experimental side） through ligation of the common iliac artery. The contralateral side received no intervention, and served as the control side. Rats in the 8-day ischemia and 14-day ischemia groups were allowed to survive for 8 and 14 days, respectively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The L5 lumbar spinal cord and the L5 dorsal root ganglion were removed from both sides and sectioned utilizing a Leica vibrating slicer. AChE cellular expression was detected using Karnovsky-Root, and the number of AChE-positive cells and average gray value were analyzed using a MiVnt image analysis system. RESULTS： In the 8-day ischemia group, AChE-positive cell numbers were significantly less in the dorsal root ganglion and spinal cord anterior horn of the experimental side, but the average gray value was significantly greater, compared with the control side （P 〈 0.05）. These changes were more significant in the 14-day ischemia group than in the 8-day ischemia group （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Peripheral nerve ischemia leads to decreased AChE expression in the associated cells in a time-dependent manner.

关键词： sciatic nerve ischemia acetylcholine esterase neuron

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Batroxobin inhibits astrocyte activation following nigrostriatal pathway injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第4期16卷 721-726页

作者： Zhuo Zhang Xue Bao Dan Li department of human anatomy College of Basic Medical SciencesChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina

Batroxobin is a thrombin-like serine protease from the venom of the Bothrops atrox and Bothrops moojeni snake *** 1(Sirt1)has been shown to play an important role in neuroprotection after traumatic brain ***,its underlying mechanism of action remains poorly *** purpose of this study was to investigate whether the mechanism by which batroxobin participates in the activation of astrocytes is associated with *** models of nigrostriatal pathway injury were *** after modeling,mice were intraperitoneally administered 39 U/kg *** significantly reduced the expression of cleaved caspase-3 in both the substantia nigra and striatum,inhibited neuronal apoptosis,and promoted the recovery of rat locomotor *** changes coincided with a remarkable reduction in astrocyte *** also reduced Sirt1 expression and extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation in brain *** administration of the Sirt1-specific inhibitor EX527(5 mg/kg)30 minutes prior to injury could inhibit the abovementioned *** mouse astrocyte cultures,1 ng/mL batroxobin attenuated interleukin-1β-induced activation of astrocytes and extracellular signal-regulated ***527 could also inhibit the effects of *** findings suggest that batroxobin inhibits astrocyte activation after nigrostriatal pathway injury through the Sirt1 *** study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of China medical University,China(approval ***2020037)on July 19,2015.

关键词： astrocyte brain central nervous system factor injury pathway

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