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Comparative Effects of Organic Cocoa Shell-Based and Inorganic NPK Fertilization on the Growth and Yield of Four Cassava Varieties

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2020年第6期10卷 217-232页

作者： Konan Kouakou Marius Kouamé N’guessan Kouassi Kouadio Ignace Koffi Kouamé Kévin Kouamé Kouassi Zoro Bi Irié Arsène Dogbo Dénézon Odette Plant Production Research Unit Department of Natural Sciences University Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Plant Production Research Unit Department of Natural SciencesUniversity Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Improvement of Crop Production Department of Agroforestry University Jean Lorougnon Guédé Daloa C&#244 te d’Ivoire Improvement of Crop Production Department of AgroforestryUniversity Jean Lorougnon Guédé Daloa C&#244 te d’Ivoire ecology and Biodiversity Research Unit Department of Natural SciencesUniversity Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire

Looking of finding an alternative to the use of chemical fertilizers to increase yields of cassava (Manihot esculenta), trials were carried out in the Lamto zone in central Côte d’Ivoire. Thus, the effects of compost and ash from cocoa shell and NPK were tested on the agronomic parameters of cassava. The trial was conducted for two years with four varieties of cassava: Yacé, Alleda agba, Six mois and Bonoua, grown on elementary plots treated with one of these fertilizers. The experimental design was complete randomized blocks with three replicates. Analysis of the results showed that the Six mois variety gave the longest stems (131, 67 cm) with the cocoa shell compost. The Bonoua variety, on the other hand, gave the largest diameter of the stem base (21.56 mm), a higher number of leaves (77.30) and a large wingspan (136.

Microbial diversity and community structure of natural Ophiocordyceps sinensis and its microhabitats

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Microbial diversity and community structure of natural Ophio...

Potential Ecological Benefits of the Middle Route for the South-North Water Diversion Project

中国菌物学会2015年学术年会

作者： Fei Xia Yan Liu Meng-Yuan Guo Guang-Rong Shen Lian-Xian Guo Juan Lin Xuan-Wei Zhou Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(South) Ministry of Agriculture Plant Biotechnology Research CenterSchool of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiaotong University department of ecology and Evolutionary Biology School of Life SciencesFudan University School of Public Health Guangdong Medical College

Background:Ophiocordyceps sinensis（DongC hong Xia Cao（DCXC） in Chinese）, a fungal parasite of caterpillars, is a traditional Chinese medicine. Bioactive components isolated from DCXC possess a wide range of pharmacological actions. Many efforts have been directed towards isolating the fungi based on culture-dependent methods for investigation of fungal diversity in order to confirm the anamorph of DCXC and find new medicinal fungi resources, and the results have been varied. Results: A total of 44,588 bacterial and 51,584 fungal sequences corresponding to 11694 and 9297 putative operational taxonomic units（OTU） were respectively identified by a Roche/454-based, high throughput sequence analysis of 16 S r RNA genes and ITS regions. The main bacterial groups were Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes, while the Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Zygomycota were the main fungal phyla. Proteobacteria presented 68.4%, 49.5%, 38.9% and 35.6% of all bacteria in the sclerotia, stromata, external mycelial cortices and soil, respectively. As the main fungi phyla, Ascomycota presented 21.0%, 45.6%, 26.4% and 59.3% in the sclerotia, stromata, external mycelial cortices and soil, respectively. Bacterial and fungal communities were more diverse in the environmental sample than in the DCXC sample. The microbial communities were obviously distinct in each sample. Several novel unclassifiable bacterial（10.41%） and fungal（37.92%） species were also detected. Conclusions: This study identified numerous microorganisms associated with DCXC and its microhabitats, some of fungi have been previously identified while bacteria represent new candidates. Our analyses suggested that the diversity of bacteria and fungi makes DCXC an "integrated microecosystem". Thus, DCXC represents multiple microorganisms, not a single fungus.

关键词： Ophiocordyceps sinensis microbial community bioresource diversity

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2008年第5期13卷 715-719页

作者：杜鹏飞 department of Environmental Science and Engineering Tsinghua University

This paper presents a study of the middle route of the South-North Water Diversion Project. The middle route runs through the Northern China plain, where the water shortages are the most severe. There is not only a shortage of water for human usage, but also a shortage of ecological water. Although the current plan for the middle route is strictly focused on supplying water for residential and industrial use, the water can also potentially be used for ecological purposes. This paper evaluates the potential ecological benefits that can be brought to the fragile ecology in northern China by the middle route, in addition to the water supplied to residences and industry. The study describes ecological benefits of the middle route project, such as mitigation of groundwater extraction in the region and positive influences on the climate, the ecological uses of the middle route project itself, such as creating artificial niches along the channel and directly using the channel for ecological purposes, and the ecological uses of the water along the middle route such as diversion of the water into dyer channels that have suffered from drought conditions for decades.

关键词： South-North Water Diversion middle route ecological benefits

Comparative multi-locus assessment of modern Asian newts(Cynops, Paramesotriton, and Pachytriton:Salamandridae) in southern China suggests a shared biogeographic history

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Zoological Research 2022年第5期43卷 706-718页

作者： Zhi-Yong Yuan Yun-Ke Wu Fang Yan Robert W.Murphy Theodore J.Papenfuss David B.Wake Ya-Ping Zhang Jing Che State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution&Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Security of Gaoligong Mountain Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development(Ministry of Education) School of Life SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China department of ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell UniversityIthaca 14850USA College of Life Science Yunnan UniversityKunmingYunnan 650091China Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Royal Ontario MuseumTorontoOntario M5S 2C6Canada Museum of Vertebrate Zoology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Evolutionary biologists are always interested in deciphering the geographic context of diversification,therefore they introduced the concept of comparative phylogeography, which helps to identify common mechanisms that contribute to shared genetic structures among organisms from the same ***, we used multi-locus genetic data along with environmental data to investigate shared phylogeographic patterns among three Asianendemic newt genera, Cynops, Paramesotriton and Pachytriton, which occurred in montane/submontane streams or ponds in southern China. Our 222samples from 78 localities covered the entire range of the three genera and represented the largest dataset of this group to date. We reconstructed matrilineal genealogies from two protein-coding,mitochondrial genes, and gene network from two nuclear genes. We also estimated divergence times of major cladogenetic events and used occurrence data to evaluate niche difference and similarity between lineages. Our results revealed a common basal split in all three genera that corresponds to the separation of two geographic terrains of southern *** ancient divergence occurred during middle to late Miocene and likely correlate with paleoclimatic fluctuations caused by the uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau (QTP).Particularly,the strengthening and weakening of Asian summer monsoons during the Miocene may have profoundly impacted southern China and led to repeatedly vicariance in those ***,despite differences in realized niches between lineages,there is no evidence for divergence of fundamental *** of old newt matriline lineages in mountains of southern China suggests that the region acts as both museums and cradles of *** on those results,we advocate a multi-pronged protection strategy for newts in the three genera.

关键词： Amphibian Comparative phylogeography Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet)Plateau East Asian monsoons Ecological niche modeling Species museums and cradles

Behaviour and therapeutic itinerary of epileptic patients in Marrakech city and surrounding regions in South Morocco

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Acta Epileptologica 2021年第1期3卷 189-194页

作者： Abdelaati El Khiat Najib Kissani Abdellatif Abbaoui Mohamed Chraa Mohamed Loukid Halima Gamrani Mohamed Kamal Hilali Neuroscience Pharmacology and Environment Unit(ENPE)Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Neurosciences and Environmentfaculty of Medicine and PharmacyCadi Ayyad University4000 MarrakechMorocco Higher Instituate of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques Ministry of HealthB.P.45000 OuarzazateMorocco Neurology department University Hospital Mohammed VIPrincipal،Avenue Ibn SinaB.P.2360 MarrakechMorocco Laboratory of Human ecology Faculty of Sciences SemlaliaCadi Ayyad UniversityAvenue My AbdellahB.P2390 MarrakechMorocco

Background:Epilepsy is a chronic,universal disorder with various etiologies and *** is still laden with myths in the majority of the Moroccan *** the existence of well-established medicinal treatments and increasingly comprehensive care,access to antiepileptic care is still limited,especially for rural *** aim herein to identify the therapeutic itinerary of patients with epilepsy(or epileptic disorders)as well as the behaviour of patients and their families towards this disease in Marrakech and the surrounding region of ***:We carried out a retrospective study Questionnaire filled by 110 patients data was analysed with SPSS version ***:Our results showed that 69.96%of the patients believed in a supernatural origin of the disease and 76.4%attended for professional medical care after their first *** addition,more than half of our patients(51.8%)consulted a religious leader for the initial consultation,51.0%of whom were women and 49.0%were *** low socioeconomic status of patients with epilepsy,74.5%of whom were unemployed,impeded the effective management of this ***:These results suggest that the management of patients with epilepsy(or epileptic disorders)in Africa,and particularly in Morocco requires,in addition to the reinforcement of human and material resources,an effort to educate and positively influence the family and the social environment as a whole.

关键词： Beliefs Epilepsy Marrakech and south of Morocco Seizures Therapeutic itinerary

Degradation mechanism of tin phosphide as Na-ion battery negative electrode

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Green Energy & Environment 2019年第2期4卷 121-126页

作者： Hiroyuki Usui Yasuhiro Domi Ryota Yamagami Hiroki Sakaguchi department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering Tottori University Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry Tottori University Course of Chemistry and Biotechnology Department of Engineering Graduate School of Sustainability Science Tottori University

The degradation mechanism of an Sn_4P_3 electrode as Na-ion battery anode was investigated by using a transmission electron microscopic observation. At the first desodiation, we confirmed that Sn nanoparticles with 6 nm in size were dispersed in an amorphous-like P *** to this, we observed aggregated Sn particles with sizes exceeding 50 nm after the drastic capacity fading. The capacity fading mechanism was for the first time confirmed to be Sn aggregation. To improve the capacity decay, we carried out the two kinds of chargeàdischarge cycling tests under the reduced volume changes of Sn particles and P matrix by limiting desodiation reactions of Nae Sn and Na3P, respectively. The Sn_4P_3 electrode exhibited an excellent cyclability with the discharge capacity of 500 mA hg^(-1) for 420 cycles under the limited desodiation, whereas the capacity decay was accelerated under the limited sodiation. The results suggest that the Sn aggregation can be improved by the reduced volume change of the P matrix, and that it is very effective for improving anode performance of Sn_4P_3 electrode.

关键词： Tin phosphide(Sn4P3) Ionic liquid electrolyte Na-ion battery Negative electrode material Nanostructure

Network biology approach to epithelial–mesenchymal transition in cancer metastasis: three stage theory

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2015年第3期7卷 253-266页

作者： Hiroshi Tanaka Soichi Ogishima department of Bioinformatics Medical Research InstituteTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan department of Bioclinical Informatics Tohoku Medical Megabank OrganizationTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan

Epithelial–mesenchymal transition(EMT)plays a critical role in promoting cancer *** this study,cancer EMT is considered as an overall structural change in the gene regulatory network(GRN),and its essential features are elucidated by the network biology *** first defined the state space of GRN as a set of all possible activation patterns of GRN,and then introduced the quasipotential field into this space to show the relative stability distribution of each *** quasi-potential was determined empirically by collecting gene expression profiles from public *** of GRN states during the EMT process were traced in the state space,by using time-course data of gene expression profiles of a cell line inducingEMTfromthe *** wasfound that cancerEMT occurred in three sequential stable stages,each of which formed a potential basin along the EMT *** confirmation,structural changes of GRN were estimated by applying the ARACNe algorithm to the same time-course data,and then applying master regulator analysis to extract the main *** group of master regulators was found to be alternatively active in the subsequent three stages to cause overall structural changes of GRN during cancer EMT.

关键词： epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) Waddington’s epigenetic landscape gene regulatory network GRN network stage space cancer metastasis

Intrinsic Features of an Ideal Glass

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Chinese Physics Letters 2017年第7期34卷 76-79页

作者： Deyan Sun Cheng Shang Zhipan Liu Xingao Gong department of Physics East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai 200433 Key Laboratory for Computational Physical Sciences （MOE） State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics Department of Physics Fudan University Shanghai 200433 Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing 210093

In order to understand the long-standing problem of the nature of glass states, we perform intensive simulations on the thermodynamic properties and potential energy surface of an ideal glass. It is found that the atoms of an ideal glass manifest cooperative diffusion, and show clearly different behavior from the liquid state. By determining the potential energy surface, we demonstrate that the glass state has a fiat potential landscape, which is the critical intrinsic feature of ideal glasses. When this potential region is accessible through any thermal or kinetic process, the glass state can be formed and a glass transition will occur, regardless of any special structural character. With this picture, the glass transition can be interpreted by the emergence of conlgurational entropies, as a consequence of flat potential landscapes.

关键词： GS AI

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Global, 30-m resolution continuous fields of tree cover: Landsat-based rescaling of MODIS vegetation continuous fields with lidar-based estimates of error

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2013年第5期6卷 427-448页

作者： Joseph O.Sexton Xiao-Peng Song Min Feng Praveen Noojipady Anupam Anand Chengquan Huang Do-Hyung Kim Kathrine M.Collins Saurabh Channan Charlene DiMiceli John R.Townshend Global Land Cover Facility Department of Geographical SciencesUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA department of Geographical Sciences University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA

We developed a global,30-m resolution dataset of percent tree cover by rescaling the 250-m MOderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)Vegetation Continuous Fields(VCF)Tree Cover layer using circa-2000 and 2005 Landsat images,incorporating the MODIS Cropland Layer to improve accuracy in agricultural *** Landsat-based estimates maintained consistency with the MODIS VCF in both epochs(RMSE=8.6%in 2000 and 11.9%in 2005),but showed improved accuracy in agricultural areas and increased discrimination of small forest *** lidar measurements,the Landsat-based estimates exhibited accuracy slightly less than that of the MODIS VCF(RMSE=16.8%for MODIS-based vs.17.4%for Landsat-based estimates),but RMSE of Landsat estimates was 3.3 percentage points lower than that of the MODIS data in an agricultural *** Landsat data retained the saturation artifact of the MODIS VCF at greater than or equal to 80%tree cover but showed greater potential for removal of errors through calibration to lidar,with post-calibration RMSE of 9.4%compared to 13.5%in MODIS *** for free download at the Global Land Cover Facility(GLCF)website(***),the 30-m resolution GLCF tree cover dataset is the highest-resolution multi=temporal depiction of Earth’s tree cover available to the Earth science community.

关键词： tree cover continuous fields Landsat MODIS lidar