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Diet and monensin influence the temporal dynamics of the rumen microbiome in stocker and finishing cattle

Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 733-748页

作者： Jianmin Chai Caleb P.Weiss Paul A.Beck Wei Zhao Ying Li Jiangchao Zhao Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding College of Life Science and EngineeringFoshan UniversityFoshanChina Division of Agriculture Department of Animal ScienceUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleARUSA department of Animal and food sciences Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural sciences Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100193China

Background Stocker cattle diet and management influence beef cattle performance during the finishing stage,but knowledge of the dynamics of the rumen microbiome associated with the host are lacking.A longitudinal study was conducted to determine how the feeding strategy from the stocker to the finishing stages of production affects the temporal dynamics of rumen microbiota.During the stocker phase,either dry hay or wheat pasture were provided,and three levels of monensin were administrated.All calves were then transported to a feedlot and received similar finishing diets with or without monensin.Rumen microbial samples were collected on d 0,28,85 during the stocker stage(S0,S28 and S85)and d 0,14,28,56,30 d before slaughter and the end of the trial during the finishing stage(F0,F14,F28,F56,Pre-Ba,and Final).The V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene of 263 rumen samples was sequenced.Results Higher alpha diversity,including the number of observed bacterial features and the Shannon index,was observed in the stocker phase compared to the finishing phase.The bacterial amplicon sequence variants(ASVs)differentiating different sampling time points were identified.Dietary treatments during the stocker stage temporally impact the dynamics of rumen microbiota.For example,shared bacteria,including Bacteroidales(ASV19)and Streptococcus infantarius(ASV94),were significantly higher in hay rumen on S28,S85,and F0,while Bacteroidaceae(ASV11)and Limivicinus(ASV15)were more abundant in wheat.Monensin affected rumen microbial composition at a specific time.Transportation to feedlot significantly influenced microbiome structure and diversity in hay-fed calves.Bacterial taxa associated with body weight were classified,and core microbiotas interacted with each other during the trial.Conclusions In summary,the temporal dynamics of the rumen microbiome in cattle at the stocker and finishing stage are influenced by multiple factors of the feeding strategy.Diet at the stocker phase may temporarily affect the microbial composition duri

关键词： Beef cattle Diet Feedlot phase Monensin Next-generation sequencing Rumen microbiota Stocker

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A study of the effect of local scour on the flow field near the spur dike

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2024年第2期14卷 98-105页

作者： Yu-Tian Li Jie-Min Zhan Wing-Hong Onyx Wai department of Industrial Design School of Industrial Design and Ceramic ArtFoshan UniversityFoshan 528000China department of Applied Mechanics and Engineering Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107China department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China

The flow field near a spur dike such as down flow and horseshoe vortex system(HVS)are susceptible to the topographic changes in the local scouring process,resulting in variation of the sediment transport with time.In this study,large eddy simulations with fixed-bed at different scouring stages were conducted to investigate the changes in flow field.The results imply that the bed deformation leads to an increase in flow rate per unit area,which represent the capability of sediment transportation by water,in the scour hole.Moreover,the intensity of turbulent kinetic energy and bimodal motion near the sand bed induced by the HVS were also varied.However,the peak moments between the two sediment transport mechanisms were different.Hence,understanding the complex feedback mechanism between topography and flow field is essential for the local scour problem.

关键词： Spur dike Local scour Large eddy simulation Down flow Horseshoe vortex system

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Functionalized selenium nanoparticles ameliorated acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity through synergistically triggering PKCδ/Nrf2 signaling pathway and inhibiting CYP 2E1

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food science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 932-945页

作者： Si Zou Yetao Gong Xiujie Li Yanbin Wu Jinzhong Wu Jianguo Wu Ka-Hing Wong College of Pharmacy Fujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhou 350122China Research Institute for Future food The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China department of food science and Nutrition The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China

Selenium nanoparticles(SeNPs)have been demonstrated potential for use in diseases associated with oxidative stress.Functionalized SeNPs with lower toxicity and higher biocompatibility could bring better therapeutic activity and clinical application value.Herein,this work was conducted to investigate the protective effect of Pleurotus tuber-regium polysaccharide-protein complex funtionnalized SeNPs(PTR-SeNPs)against acetaminophen(APAP)-induced oxidative injure in HepG2 cells and C57BL/6J mouse liver.Further elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanism,in particular their modulation of Nrf2 signaling pathway was also performed.The results showed that PTR-SeNPs could significantly ameliorate APAP-induced oxidative injury as evidenced by a range of biochemical analysis,histopathological examination and immunoblotting study.PTR-SeNPs could hosphorylate and activate PKCδ,depress Keap1,and increase nuclear accumulation of Nrf2,resulting in upregulation of GCLC,GCLM,HO-1 and NQO-1 expression.Besides,PTR-SeNPs suppressed the biotransformation of APAP to generate intracellular ROS through CYP 2E1 inhibition,restoring the mitochondrial morphology.Furthermore,the protective effect of PTR-SeNPs against APAP induced hepatotoxicity was weakened as Nrf2 was depleted in vivo,indicating the pivotal role of Nrf2 signaling pathway in PTR-SeNPs mediated hepatoprotective efficacy.Being a potential hepatic protectant,PTR-SeNPs could serve as a new source of selenium supplement for health-promoting and biomedical applications.

关键词： PTR-SeNPs(polysaccharide-proteincomplex functionalized selenium nanoparticles) Acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 Cytochrome P450 enzyme 2E1 Mitochondria

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Tremella polysaccharide mitigates high fat diet-induced anxiety-like behavior through the microbiota-gut-brain axis

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food science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Haicui Wu Shuyu Chen Wenxiu Zhang Yuqing Lu Jiayi Zheng Jinhui Chang Jiachi Chiou Research Institute for Future food The Hong Kong polytechnic University Shenzhen Key Lab for food Biological Safety Control The Hong Kong polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute Bo InnoHealth Biotechnology Company Limited Hong Kong science Park department of food science and Nutrition The Hong Kong polytechnic University department of Neurology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine

High-fat diet (HFD) consumption induces gut microbiota dysbiosis and neuropsychiatric disorders， including anxiety. Previous research found that Tremella polysaccharide (TP) exhibited neuroprotective effects in vitro and in vivo. This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of TP on HFD-induced anxiety-like behaviors and elucidate the underlying mechanisms from the point view of the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Two groups of HFD-induced obese mice were orally gavaged with low dose (TPL， 40 mg/kg) and high dose (TPH， 400 mg/kg) of TP. A 12-week administration of TPH could significantly improve anxiety-like behaviors in HFD mice. In the hippocampus， microglia activation， the expression of blood-brain barrier (BBB) markers， and the levels of two neurotransmitters (serotonin and norepinephrine) were countered by TPH in mice consuming HFD. Furthermore， TPH improved the intestinal permeability and immune response of the enterocytes in HFD-fed mice. The gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by HFD was also rebalanced by TP treatments， especially in Proteobacteria and its lower taxa. The correlational analysis also suggested that shifts of some microbial genera were closely associated with body weight and the parameters of behavioral tests. Interestingly， fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) results indicated that fecal microbiota from TPH-treated obese mice could prevent HFD-induced anxiety-like behaviors， suppressing microglia activation and intestinal permeability. In conclusion， the present study indicated that TP intake is a promising dietary intervention strategy to prevent HFD-induced anxiety via the microbiota-gut-brain axis.

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Three novel umami peptides derived from the alcohol extract of the Pacific oyster(Crassostrea gigas):identification,characterizations and interactions with T1R1/T1R3 taste receptors

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food science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 146-153页

作者： Baifeng Fu Di Wu Shuzhen Cheng Xianbing Xu Ling Zhang Lishu Wang Heshanm REl-Seedi Hanxiong Liu Ming Du School of food science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic UniversityDalian 116034China Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing Dalian Polytechnic UniversityDalian 116034China National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian Polytechnic UniversityDalian 116034China Division of Hematology and Oncology Department of MedicineMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukee 53226USA Division of Pharmacognosy Department of Medicinal ChemistryBiomedical CentreUppsala UniversityUppsala SE-75123Sweden

Oyster(Crassostrea gigas),the main ingredient of oyster sauce,has a strong umami taste.In this study,three potential umami peptides,FLNQDEEAR(FR-9),FNKEE(FE-5),and EEFLK(EK-5),were identified and screened from the alcoholic extracts of the oyster using nano-HPLC-MS/MS analysis,i Umami-Scoring Card Method(i Umami-SCM)database and molecular docking(MD).Sensory evaluation and electronic tongue analysis were further used to confirm their tastes.The threshold of the three peptides ranged from 0.38 to 0.55 mg/m L.MD with umami receptors T1R1/T1R3 indicated that the electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bond interaction were the main forces involved.Besides,the Phe592 and Gln853 of T1R3 were the primary docking site for MD and played an important role in umami intensity.Peptides with two Glu residues at the terminus had stronger umami,especially at the C-terminus.These results contribute to the understanding of umami peptides in oysters and the interaction mechanism between umami peptides and umami receptors.

关键词： Oyster umami peptides iUmami-SCM Taste characterization Molecular docking

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Bioactive compounds in Hericium erinaceus and their biological properties:a review

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food science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 1825-1844页

作者： Yue Qiu Genglan Lin Weiming Liu Fuming Zhang Robert J.Linhardt Xingli Wang Anqiang Zhang College of food science and Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China Zhejiang Biosan Biotech Co. Ltd.Hangzhou 310052China department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary StudiesRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY 12180USA departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Biomedical Engineering Biological ScienceCenter for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary StudiesRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY 12180USA

Hericium erinaceus is a nutritious edible and medicinal fungi,rich in a variety of functional active ingredients,with various physiological functions such as antioxidation,anticancer,and enhancing immunity.It is also effective in protecting the digestive system and preventing neurodegenerative diseases.In this review paper,we summarize the sources,structures and efficacies of the main active components in H.erinaceus fruiting body,mycelium,and culture media,and update the latest research progress on their biological activities and the related molecular mechanisms.Based on this information,we provide detailed challenges in current research,industrialization and information on the active ingredients of H.erinaceus.Perspectives for future studies and new applications of H.erinaceus are proposed.

关键词： Hericium erinaceus Bioactive compounds Biological activities Antioxidation Neuroprotection Immunoregulation

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Recent Advances of Sensitive Electrochemical Sensing Platforms for Rapid Detection of Phthalate Acid Esters

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Instrumentation 2024年第2期 1-15页

作者： Xiuxiu Dong Lili Zhang Meicai Ge Minfu Wu Qijian Niu Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology (Jiangsu University) Ministry of EducationSchool of Agricultural EngineeringJiangsu University Nantong Huaxin Central Air-Conditioning CO. LTD department of food science Foshan Polytechnic

As a kind of plasticizer, phthalic acid esters(PAEs) are often added to plastics to enhance elasticity, transparency, durability and prolong service life. However, it does not chemically bind to plastics and is easy to migrate to the environment. It is difficult to degrade in the environment, and it is also enriched in the human body through the food chain and respiration, which will lead to obvious adverse reactions such as decreased learning and memory function and neurobehavioral disorders. Due to the toxicity, universality and low concentration limitations of PAEs in the environment and food, it is essential to achieve rapid and sensitive detection of PAEs in soil, atmosphere, water and food. Electrochemical(EC) sensors have the advantages of simplicity, fast, low cost, portability, easy operation, high specificity and high sensitivity, so they are applied for the detection of PAEs. Although there are a large number of studies on the detection of PAEs by EC sensors, there is no review on this aspect. In this review, we introduce the detection of PAEs from classical EC sensors, electrochemiluminescence(ECL) sensors and photo-electrochemical(PEC) sensors in the past five years. This review is beneficial to understanding the construction of EC sensors and the detection mechanism of PAEs. We also propose that the development of rapid, accurate and real-time detection methods of PAEs is key to assessing risk and preventing related diseases.

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Oyster-derived Anticoagulant Peptide Mitigates Thrombin-induced Barrier Dysfunction and Prothrombotic Phenotype in Human Pulmonary Microvascular Endothelial Cells

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food science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Shuzhen Cheng Siyi Wang Ximing Yang Minghao Xie Qi Yang Lushun Yuan Ming Du National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing Dalian polytechnic University department of Vascular Surgery Shanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University SKL of Marine food Processing & Safety Control School of food science and Technology Dalian polytechnic University

Thrombin blockers have been shown to be effective for various pathological conditions， but their use is limited due to the potential for serious bleeding adverse effects. This study introduced a novel bioactive peptide (P-2-CG) from oyster， that mitigated thrombin-mediated barrier dysfunction and prothrombotic phenotypes in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs). P-2-CG significantly attenuated the increase in endothelial monolayer permeability induced by thrombin through the possible attenuation of RhoA activation and it promoted barrier recovery by enhancing endothelial cell adhesion. Additionally， P-2-CG was found to decrease the pro-thrombotic phenotype induced by thrombin in HPMEC by reducing the extrinsic trigger TF mRNA expression， which resulted in prolonged plasma clotting time， decreased FXa activation， and reduced thrombin generation. Moreover， P-2-CG inhibited thrombosis efficiently by blocking ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression via tyrosine phosphorylation of RelA/p65. P-2-CG inhibits thrombin mediated inflammation and provides a potential therapeutic option for treating endothelial dysfunction and thrombosis.

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Effects of prebiotics on the fermentation of traditional suancai of Northeast China

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food science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1358-1367页

作者： Mingwei Zhao Xinying Cao Yuzheng Wu Sibo Zou Zhigao Li Xinping Lin Chaofan Ji Liang Dong Sufang Zhang Chenxu Yu Huipeng Liang National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Collaborative Innovation Center of Provincial and Ministerial Co-construction for Deep ProcessingCollaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep ProcessingSchool of Food Science and TechnologyDalian Polytechnic UniversityDalian 116034China department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Iowa State UniversityIA 50011USA

Suancai is a traditional fermented vegetable widely consumed in Northeast China.In this study,different prebiotics were used to improve the quality of suancai.Four prebiotics(inulin(INU),xylooligosaccharide(XO S),galactooligosaccharide(GOS),and stachyose(STA))were shown to reduce the pH value and increase the content of total titratable acidity(TTA)in suancai,while the contents of most organic acids were also increased.The addition of prebiotics had significant effects on the bacterial microbiota during the suancai fermentation process.All prebiotics were shown to contribute to the growth of Lactobacillus.The suancai sample with fructooligosaccharides(FOS)had the highest relative abundance of Lactobacillus.Besides,INU and XOS could increase the abundance of Weissella.To evaluate the quality of suancai fermented with prebiotics,profiles of volatile flavor compounds(VOCs)and free amino acids(FAA)were analyzed.The prebiotics affected the VOCs and FAA profiles via transforming the bacterial microbiota.In addition,the addition of prebiotics also changed the taste profiles of the suancai samples.This study is among the first attempts to reveal the effects of different prebiotics on suancai fermentation,and the findings provide a foundation to develop new ways for improving the quality of suancai.

关键词： Bacterial microbiota Lactic acid bacteria Flavor Amino acid Taste

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New food Sources and Production Systems: A Comparison of International Regulations and China’s Advancements in Novel foods with Synthetic Biology

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food science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Xin Liu Di Wu Yi Shao Yongning Wu Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (The Chinese Ministry of Education) College of food science and Engineering Wuhan polytechnic University Institute for Global food Security School of Biological sciences Queen's University Belfast department of Nutrition and food Safety Peking Union Medical College Research Unit of food Safety Chinese Academy of Medical sciences NHC Key Laboratory of food Safety Risk Assessment China National Center for food Safety Risk Assessment

The global shift towards sustainable food systems has sparked innovations in food sources and production systems， including cell-based meat， plant-based food products， precision fermentation， and 3D food printing. These advancements pose regulatory challenges and opportunities， with China emerging as a critical player in adopting and regulating new food technologies. This review explores the international landscape of new food sources and production systems， focusing on China’s role and regulatory approaches compared to global practices. Through this comparative analysis， we aim to contribute to the ongoing dialogue on food safety regulation， offering insights and recommendations for policymakers， industry stakeholders， and researchers engaged in the global food system’s evolution. This comprehensive overview underscores the dynamic nature of regulatory frameworks governing NFPS， highlighting the international efforts to ensure food safety， consumer protection， and the sustainable evolution of the food industry.

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