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Survival benefit of concurrent chemoradiotherapy for advanced ampulla of Vater cancer

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第2期12卷 267-275页

作者： Chae Hwa Kwon Hyung Il Seo Dong Uk Kim Sung Yong Han Suk Kim Nam Kyung Lee Seung Baek Hong Ji Hyun Ahn Young Mok Park Byeong Gwan Noh biomedical research institute Pusan National University HospitalBusan 49241South Korea department of Surgery Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research InstitutePusan National University HospitalBusan 49241South Korea department of Internal medicine Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research InstitutePusan National University HospitalBusan 49241South Korea department of Radiology Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research InstitutePusan National University HospitalBusan 49241South Korea department of Pathology and biomedical research institute Pusan National University HospitalBusan 49241South Korea

BACKGROUND Currently,there is no standard adjuvant therapy for patients with resected ampulla of Vater(AoV)*** To evaluate the effectiveness of adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT)in patients with advanced AoV cancer who underwent curative *** This single-centered,retrospective study included 29 patients with advanced AoV cancer who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy between 2006 and *** impact of CCRT on advanced AoV cancer was *** The 1-,3-,and 5-yr recurrence-free survival(RFS)rates for patients with advanced AoV cancer were 82.8%,48.3%,and 40.8%,respectively,and the overall survival(OS)rates were 89.7%,62.1%,and 51.7%,***-cular invasion was found to be a significant risk factor for RFS and OS in patients with advanced AoV cancer in the univariate analysis,whereas T stage and lymph node metastasis were significantly associated with OS in the multivariate *** to the patients who did not receive adjuvant CCRT,those who received adjuvant CCRT did not show statistically significant improvements in the RFS and OS,although they had a significantly lower average age and significantly higher platelet-to-lymphocyte *** Adjuvant CCRT did not improve survival outcomes in patients with advanced AoV *** findings contribute to existing knowledge on the effectiveness of CCRT in this patient population and provide important insights for clinical decision-making.

关键词： Advanced ampulla of Vater cancer Adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy Recurrence Survival Vater cancer

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Endoplasmic reticulum stress,autophagy,neuroinflammation,and sigma 1 receptors as contributors to depression and its treatment

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第10期19卷 2202-2211页

作者： Chika Fujii Charles F.Zorumski Yukitoshi Izumi department of Psychiatry Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Taylor family institute for Innovative Psychiatric research Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

The etiological factors contributing to depression and other neuropsychiatric disorders are largely undefined. Endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways and autophagy are well-defined mechanisms that play critical functions in recognizing and resolving cellular stress and are possible targets for the pathophysiology and treatment of psychiatric and neurologic illnesses. An increasing number of studies indicate the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in the control of neuroinflammation, a contributing factor to multiple neuropsychiatric illnesses. Initial inflammatory triggers induce endoplasmic reticulum stress, leading to neuroinflammatory responses. Subsequently, induction of autophagy by neurosteroids and other signaling pathways that converge on autophagy induction are thought to participate in resolving neuroinflammation. The aim of this review is to summarize our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and neuroinflammation in the central nervous system. Studies focused on innate immune factors, including neurosteroids with anti-inflammatory roles will be reviewed. In the context of depression, animal models that led to our current understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying depression will be highlighted, including the roles of sigma 1 receptors and pharmacological agents that dampen endoplasmic reticulum stress and associated neuroinflammation.

关键词： allopregnanolone fluvoxamine ketamine neurosteroids postpartum depression quercetin

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Glyphosate as a direct or indirect activator of pro-inflammatory signaling and cognitive impairment

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第10期19卷 2212-2218页

作者： Yukitoshi Izumi Kazuko A.O'Dell Charles F.Zorumski department of Psychiatry Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Taylor family institute for Innovative Psychiatric research Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

Glyphosate-based herbicides are widely used around the world, making it likely that most humans have significant exposure. Because of habitual exposure, there are concerns about toxicity including neurotoxicity that could result in neurological, psychiatric, or cognitive impairment. We recently found that a single injection of glyphosate inhibits long-term potentiation, a cellular model of learning and memory, in rat hippocampal slices dissected 1 day after injection, indicating that glyphosate-based herbicides can alter cognitive function. Glyphosate-based herbicides could adversely affect cognitive function either indirectly and/or directly. Indirectly, glyphosate could affect gut microbiota, and if dysbiosis results in endotoxemia(leaky gut), infiltrated bacterial by-products such as lipopolysaccharides could activate pro-inflammatory cascades. Glyphosate can also directly trigger pro-inflammatory cascades. Indeed, we observed that acute glyphosate exposure inhibits long-term potentiation in rat hippocampal slices. Interestingly, direct inhibition of long-term potentiation by glyphosate appears to be similar to that of lipopolysaccharides. There are several possible measures to control dysbiosis and neuroinflammation caused by glyphosate. Dietary intake of polyphenols, such as quercetin, which overcome the inhibitory effect of glyphosate on long-term potentiation, could be one effective strategy. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss possible mechanisms underlying neurotoxicity following glyphosate exposure as a means to identify potential treatments.

关键词： cognitive impairment glyphosate microglia neuroinflammation roundup toll-like receptor 4 zinc chelation

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A comprehensive review on surface modifications of black phosphorus using biological macromolecules

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2024年第2期18卷 37-59页

作者： Chaiqiong Guo Xuhong He Xuanyu Liu Yuhui Wang Yan Wei Ziwei Liang Di Huang department of biomedical Engineering Research Center for Nano-biomaterials&Regenerative MedicineCollege of Biomedical EngineeringTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Shanxi-Zheda institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan 030032China

Black phosphorus(BP),a novel two dimensional material,exhibits remarkable photoelectric characteristics,ultrahigh photothermal conversion efficiency,substantial specific surface area,high carrier mobility,and tunable band gap *** attributes have positioned it as a promising candidate in domains such as energy,medicine,and the ***,its vulnerability to light,oxygen,and water can lead to rapid degradation and loss of crystallinity,thereby limiting its synthesis,preservation,and ***,BP has demonstrated cytotoxic tendencies,substantially constraining its viability in the realm of ***,the imperative for surface modification arises to bolster its stability and biocompatibility,while concurrently expanding its utility *** macromolecules,integral components of living organisms,proffer innate advantages over chemical agents and polymers for the purpose of the BP *** review comprehensively surveys the advancements in utilizing biological macromolecules for the modifications of *** doing so,it aims to pave the way for enhanced stability,biocompatibility,and diversified applications of this material.

关键词： blackphosphorus tumor therapy biocompatibility surface modification biomacromolecule

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Cannabinoids and endocannabinoids as therapeutics for nervous system disorders:preclinical models and clinical studies

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第4期19卷 788-799页

作者： R.Scott Duncan Sean M.Riordan Matthew C.Gernon Peter Koulen department of Ophthalmology School of MedicineUniversity of Missouri department of biomedical Sciences School of MedicineUniversity of Missouri

Cannabinoids are lipophilic substances derived from Cannabis sativa that can exert a variety of effects in the human *** have been studied in cellular and animal models as well as in human clinical trials for their therapeutic benefits in several human *** of these include central nervous system(CNS)diseases and dysfunctions such as forms of epilepsy,multiple sclerosis,Parkinson’s disease,pain and neuropsychiatric *** addition,the endogenously produced cannabinoid lipids,endocannabinoids,are critical for normal CNS function,and if controlled or modified,may represent an additional therapeutic avenue for CNS *** review discusses in vitro cellular,ex vivo tissue and in vivo animal model studies on cannabinoids and their utility as therapeutics in multiple CNS *** addition,the review provides an overview on the use of cannabinoids in human clinical trials for a variety of CNS *** and endocannabinoids hold promise for use as disease modifiers and therapeutic agents for the prevention or treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and neurological disorders.

关键词： anandamide cannabidiol cannabinoid endocannabinoid epilepsy multiple sclerosis neurodegeneration neuroprotection tetrahydrocannabinol

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Congestive ischemic colitis successfully treated with antiinflammatory therapy: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第1期12卷 142-147页

作者： Geon Woo Lee Su Bum Park department of Internal medicine Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and TechnologyPusan National University Yangsan HospitalYangsan 50612South Korea

BACKGROUND Congestive ischemic colitis is a rare subtype of ischemic colitis with an unknown *** conservative management,such as fasting,no established treatment exists;therefore,surgical intervention should be considered in some cases if symptoms *** literature suggests that anti-inflam-matory agents may effectively treat congestive ischemic *** SUMMARY We present the case of a 68-year-old female patient who underwent laparoscopic left hemicolectomy for transverse colon cancer 3 years ***,follow-up included an annual colonoscopy and abdominal computed tomography(CT)at a local ***,progressive erythema and edema of the sigmoid colon were observed 1 year *** admission to our hospital,she complained of abdominal pain and *** CT showed thickening of the sigmoid colon walls,and colonoscopy revealed erythema,edema,and multiple ulcers with exudate in the sigmoid *** angiography showed engorgement of the sigmoid vasa recta without any vascular *** diagnosis was congestive ischemic colitis,and we treated the patient with anti-inflammatory *** 2 mo of glucocorticoid therapy(20 mg once daily)and 7 mo of 5-aminosalicylate therapy(1 g twice daily),the ulcers completely *** has not experienced any recurrence for 2 *** Anti-inflammatory therapy,specifically glucocorticoids and 5-aminosalicylate,has demonstrated promising efficacy and introduces potential novel treatment options for congestive ischemic colitis.

关键词： Ischemic colitis Glucocorticoids 5-aminosalicylate Colon cancer

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Identification of Proteins and Genes Associated with Hedgehog Signaling Pathway Involved in Neoplasm Formation Using Text-Mining Approach

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第1期7卷 107-130页

作者： Nadezhda Yu.Biziukova Sergey M.Ivanov Oga A.Tarasova department of Bioinformatics Institute of Biomedical ChemistryMoscow 119121Russia department of Bioinformatics Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityMoscow 117997Russia

Analysis of molecular mechanisms that lead to the development of various types of tumors is essential for biology and medicine,because it may help to find new therapeutic opportunities for cancer treatment and cure including personalized treatment *** of the pathways known to be important for the development of neoplastic diseases and pathological processes is the Hedgehog signaling pathway that normally controls human embryonic *** accumulation of various types of biological data,including interactions between proteins,regulation of genes transcription,proteomics,and metabolomics experiments results,allows the application of computational analysis of these big data for identification of key molecular mechanisms of certain diseases and pathologies and promising therapeutic *** aim of this study is to develop a computational approach for revealing associations between human proteins and genes interacting with the Hedgehog pathway components,as well as for identifying their roles in the development of various types of *** automatically collect sets of abstract texts from the NCBI PubMed bibliographic *** recognition of the Hedgehog pathway proteins and genes and neoplastic diseases we use a dictionary-based named entity recognition approach,while for all other proteins and genes machine learning method is *** association extraction,we develop a set of semantic *** complete the results of the text analysis with the gene set enrichment *** identified key pathways that may influence the Hedgehog pathway and their roles in tumor development are then verified using the information in the literature.

关键词： text-mining data mining Hedgehog pathway neoplastic processes enrichment analysis pathology molecularmechanisms

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Efficacy of chemotherapy containing bevacizumab in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer according to programmed cell death ligand 1

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第8期16卷 3521-3528页

作者： Shin Woo Kang Sung Hee Lim Min-Ji Kim Jeeyun Lee Young Suk Park Ho Yeong Lim Won Ki Kang Seung Tae Kim Division of Hematology Oncology Department of MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul 06351South Korea Samsung biomedical research institute Samsung Medical CenterSeoul 06351South Korea

BACKGROUND Bevacizumab,an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)monoclonal antibody,inhibits angiogenesis and reduces tumor *** VEGF-C,lactate dehydrogenase,and inflammatory markers have been reported as predictive markers related to bevacizumab *** cell death ligand 1(PD-L1)could act upon VEGF receptor 2 to induce cancer cell angiogenesis and *** To investigate the efficacy of bevacizumab-containing chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer(CRC)according to the expression of *** This analysis included CRC patients who received bevacizumab plus FOLFOX or FOLFIRI as first-line therapy between June 24,2014 and February 28,2022,at Samsung Medical Center(Seoul,South Korea).Analysis of patient data included evaluation of PD-L1 expression by the combined positive score(CPS).We analyzed the efficacy of bevacizumab according to PD-L1 expression status in patients with *** A total of 124 patients was included in this *** all patients were treated with bevacizumab plus FOLFIRI or FOLFOX as the first-line *** 77%of patients received FOLFOX,23%received FOLFIRI as backbone first-line *** numbers of patients with a PD-L1 CPS of 1 or more,5 or more,or 10 or more were 105(85%),64(52%),and 32(26%),*** results showed no significant difference in progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)with bevacizumab treatment between patients with PDL1 CPS less than 1 and those with PD-L1 CPS of 1 or more(PD-L1<1%vs PD-L1≥1%;PFS:P=0.93,OS:P=0.33),between patients with PD-L1 CPS less than 5 and of 5 or more(PD-L1<5%vs PD-L1≥5%;PFS:P=0.409,OS:P=0.746),and between patients with PD-L1 CPS less than 10 and of 10 or more(PD-L1<10%vs PD-L1≥10%;PFS:P=0.529,OS:P=0.568).CONCLUSION Chemotherapy containing bevacizumab can be considered as first-line therapy in metastatic CRC irrespective of PD-L1 expression.

关键词： Bevacizumab Colorectal cancer Programmed cell death ligand 1 expression First-line chemotherapy Metastatic colorectal cancer

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Benefit in physical function and quality of life to nonsurgical treatment of varicose veins: Pilot study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第3期12卷 517-524页

作者： Gwon-Min Kim BoKun Kim Minwoo Jang Jong-Hwan Park Miju Bae Chung Won Lee Jong Won Kim Up Huh Medical research institute Pusan National University School of MedicineYangsan 50612South Korea Future Convergence research institute Changwon National UniversityChangwon 51140South Korea department of Convergence Medical Science School of MedicinePusan National UniversityYangsan 50612South Korea Health Convergence medicine Laboratory Biomedical Research InstitutePusan National University HospitalBusan 49241South Korea department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Pusan National University School of MedicineBiomedical Research InstitutePusan National University HospitalBusan 49241South Korea

BACKGROUND Studies on varicose veins have focused its effects on physical function;however,whether nonsurgical treatments alter muscle oxygenation or physical function remains ***,the differences in such functions between individuals with varicose veins and healthy individuals remain *** To investigate changes in physical function and the quality of life(QOL)following nonsurgical treatment of patients with varicose veins and determine the changes in their muscle oxygenation during *** We enrolled 37 participants(those with varicose veins,n=17;healthy individuals,n=20).We performed the following measurements pre-and post-nonsurgical treatment in the varicose vein patients and healthy individuals:Calf muscle oxygenation during the two-minute step test,open eyes one-leg stance,30 s sit-to-stand test,visual analog scale(VAS)for pain,Pittsburgh sleep quality index,physical activity assessment,and QOL *** Varicose veins patients and healthy individuals differ in most variables(physical function,sleep quality,and QOL).Varicose veins patients showed significant differences between pre-and post-nonsurgical treatment—results in the 30 sit-to-stand test[14.41(2.45)to 16.35(4.11),P=0.018],two-minute step test[162.29(25.98)to 170.65(23.80),P=0.037],VAS for pain[5.35(1.90)to 3.88(1.73),P=0.004],and QOL[39.34(19.98)to 26.69(17.02),P=0.005];however,no significant difference was observed for muscle *** Nonsurgical treatment improved lower extremity function and QOL in varicose veins patients,bringing their condition close to that of healthy *** studies should include patients with severe varicose veins requiring surgery to confirm our findings.

关键词： Varicose vein Nonsurgical treatment Physical function Quality of life Near infrared spectroscopy

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In‑depth proteome characterization of endometrium and extraembryonic membranes during implantation in pig

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1027-1055页

作者： Maria A.Gil Josep M.Cambra Heriberto Rodriguez‑Martinez Cristina Cuello Inmaculada Parrilla Emilio A.Martinez department of medicine and Animal Surgery International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research“Campus Mare Nostrum”University of MurciaMurciaSpain institute for biomedical research of Murcia(IMIB-Pascual Parrilla) MurciaSpain Technical University of Munich MunichGermany department of biomedical&Clinical Sciences(BKV) BKH/Obstetrics&GynaecologyLinkoping UniversityLinkopingSweden

Background Proteome characterization of the porcine endometrium and extraembryonic membranes is important to understand mother-embryo *** this study,the proteome of the endometrium and cho-rioallantoic membrane was characterized in pregnant sows(PS)during early gestation(d 18 and 24 of gestation)and in the endometrium of non-pregnant sows(NPS)during the same days using LC-MS/MS *** UniProtKB database and ClueGO were used to obtain functional Gene Ontology annotations and biological and functional networks,*** Our analysis yielded 3,254 and 3,457 proteins identified in the endometrium of PS and NPS,respectively;of these,1,753 being common while 1,501 and 1,704 were exclusive to PS and NPS,*** addition,we iden-tified 3,968 proteins in the extraembryonic membranes of *** analyses of function revealed some proteins had relevance for the immune system process and biological adhesion in endometrium while the embryonic chorion displayed abundance of proteins related to cell adhesion and cytoskeletal organization,suggesting they dominated the moment of endometrial remodeling,implantation and adhesion of the lining *** are available via Pro-teomeXchange with identifier *** This is the first in-depth proteomic characterization of the endometrium and extraembryonic mem-branes during weeks 3 to 4 of gestation;data that contribute to the molecular understanding of the dynamic environ-ment during this critical period,associated with the majority of pregnancy losses.

关键词： Endometrium Extraembryonic membranes Implantation Pig Proteome

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