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Negative enthalpy alloys and local chemical ordering:a concept and route leading to synergy of strength and ductility

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National science Review 2024年第4期11卷 172-184页

作者： Zibing An Tao Yang Caijuan Shi Shengcheng Mao Lihua Wang Ang Li Wei Li Xianmeng Xue Ming Sun Yifan Bai Yapeng He Fuzeng Ren Zhouguang Lu Ming Yan Yang Ren Chain-Tsuan Liu Ze Zhang Xiaodong Han Beijing Key Lab of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials College of Materials Science &Engineering Beijing University of Technology department of Materials science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong Key Laboratory of Partial Acceleration Physics& Technology Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences department of Materials science &Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology department of Physics City University of Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials Department of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University

Solid solutions are ubiquitous in metals and alloys. Local chemical ordering(LCO) is a fundamental sub-nano/nanoscale process that occurs in many solid solutions and can be used as a microstructure to optimize strength and ductility. However, the formation of LCO has not been fully elucidated, let alone how to provide efficient routes for designing LCO to achieve synergistic effects on both superb strength and ductility. Herein, we propose the formation and control of LCO in negative enthalpy alloys. With engineering negative enthalpy in solid solutions, genetic LCO components are formed in negative enthalpy refractory high-entropy alloys(RHEAs). In contrast to conventional ‘trial-and-error' approaches, the control of LCO by using engineering negative enthalpy in RHEAs is instructive and results in superior strength(1160 MPa) and uniform ductility(24.5%) under tension at ambient temperature, which are among the best reported so far. LCO can promote dislocation cross-slip, enhancing the interaction between dislocations and their accumulation at large tensile strains; sustainable strain hardening can thereby be attained to ensure high ductility of the alloy. This work paves the way for new research fields on negative enthalpy solid solutions and alloys for the synergy of strength and ductility as well as new functions.

关键词： negative enthalpy alloys local chemical ordering strength ductility dislocation

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Heat Transfer and Flow Structure of a Turbine Blade's Air-cooled Leading Edge Considering Different Hole Shapes and Additional Flow Angles

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Journal of Thermal science 2024年第4期33卷 1421-1442页

作者： QIN Runxuan ZHOU Xun WANG Songtao CAI Le School of energy science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China

A numerical study is conducted to elucidate the impact of hole shapes and additional flow angles on the flow structure of the coolant and temperature field in the leading edge area of the gas turbine *** typical hole shapes are considered for the GE-E3 *** impact of the additional flow angle(E)within each hole shape on the temperature field is *** results indicate that for the leading edge area and suction surface,the fan-shaped hole case performs best in decreasing temperatures,with a decrease of about 43 *** is mainly due to the fact that the fan-shaped hole has the maximum expansion in hole spanwise *** the pressure surface,the console hole case performs best in decreasing temperatures,with a maximum reduction of about 47.2 *** influence of E on the surface temperature at leading edge area varied between the different hole *** the cylinder hole and console hole,the E=-20°case has the lowest area-averaged *** both the fan-shaped hole and the 7-7-7 shaped hole are expansion holes,the pattern of variation of the leading edge area temperature with increasing E is similar for the fan-shaped hole case and 7-7-7 shaped hole *** E=20°case shows the lowest spanwise-averaged temperature near the hole outlet,and the E=-20°case shows the lowest spanwise-averaged temperature further downstream.

关键词： film cooling GE-E3 turbine rotor blade conjugate heat transfer leading edge

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Simple preparation of C(CS)/g-C_(3)N_(4)/Co carbon aerogel and its catalytic performance for ammonium perchlorate

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 186-196页

作者： Yujie Yan Bo Jin Rufang Peng State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly energy Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang621010China

Biomass chitosan(CS)was used as a template,graphitic phase carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))with high nitrogen content and certain catalytic activity was used as a dopant,and nano-transition metal cobalt(Co)was used as a catalytic center *** carbon aerogel(C(CS)/g-C_(3)N_(4)/Co)with a three-dimensional network-like structure was prepared by assembling the three materials through experimental operations such as freeze-drying and high-temperature *** was demonstrated by scanning and transmission characterization that the CS in the carbon aerogel could provide more active sites for the cobalt nanoparticles,and the doping of graphite-phase carbon nitride as a template dispersed the cobalt nanoparticles and changed the conductivity of the *** investigate the catalytic effect of carbon aerogel on ammonium perchlorate(AP),it was investigated by differential thermal analyzer and TG thermal *** carbon aerogel was very effective in catalyzing AP,and the 10 wt% content of the catalyst reduced the AP pyrolysis peak from 703.9 to 595.5 *** to further investigate the synergistic effect of the three materials,further carbon aerogels such as C(CS)/Co,g-C_(3)N_(4)/Co were prepared and applied to catalyze AP,and the same ratio reduced the AP pyrolysis peak by 98.1℃ and 97.7℃.This result indicates a synergistic effect of the assembly of the three materials.

关键词： g-C_(3)N_(4) Chitosan Co Ammonium perchlorate Pyrolysis kinetics

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Performance analysis of a photovoltaic/thermal system with lunar regolith-based thermal storage for the lunar base

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science China(Technological sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 1113-1123页

作者： SUN WenGan ZHAO Bin PEI Yu SHI LingFeng HU MaoBin LI MuJun REN Xiao PEI Gang Deep Space Exploration Laboratory Hefei 230026China department of Thermal science and energy Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China College of New energy China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266000China

Powering a moon base,especially keeping it warm during the long lunar night,is a big *** paper introduces a photovoltaic/thermal(PV/T)system incorporating regolith thermal storage to solve the challenge of power and heat provision for the lunar base *** vacuum of space around the moon helps this system by reducing heat *** the moon's daytime,the system not only generates electricity but also captures *** stored heat in the regolith is then used at night,reducing the amount of equipment we need to send from *** spectrally selective PV/T panels are designed to absorb a wide range of sunlight(0.3–2.5μm)while minimizing heat loss in the infrared range(3–30μm).Simulation results of the hybrid solar energy system indicate the average value of the overall efficiency is 45.9%,which relatively elevates 56.1%compared to the PV *** launch mass of the proposed PV/T system is only 8.4%of a traditional photovoltaic-lithium battery system with the same amount of energy *** the total specific energy of the proposed system is 7.3 kWh kg^(-1),while that of the photovoltaic-lithium battery system is about 0.3 kWh kg^(-1).In summary,this study proposes an alternative combined heat and electricity supply system for the lunar base,which can greatly reduce the launch mass and free up load for other scientific research equipment.

关键词： in-situ resource utilization(IRSU) regolith thermal storage photovoltaic/thermal(PV/T) spectral selectivity

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Failure characteristics and fracture mechanism of overburden rock induced by mining:A case study in China

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International Journal of Coal science & Technology 2024年第3期11卷 241-255页

作者： Jiawei Li Meng Zhang Changxiang Wang Changlong Liao Baoliang Zhang department of energy and Power Engineering College of Mechanical and Transportation EngineeringChina University of Petroleum(Beijing)BeijingChina department of energy and Power Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina College of Safety science and Engineering Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan232000China School of Architecture and Civil Engineering Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng252000China

This study employs similar simulation testing and discrete element simulation coupling to analyze the failure and deformation processes of a model coal seam's *** caving area of the overburden rock is divided into three zones:the delamination fracture zone,broken fracture zone,and compaction *** caving and fracture zones'heights are approximately 110 m above the coal seam,with a maximum subsidence of 11 *** delamination fracture zone's porosity range is between 0.2 and 0.3,while the remainder of the roof predominantly exhibits a porosity of less than *** addition,the numerical model's stress analysis revealed that the overburden rock's displacement zone forms an'arch-beam'structure starting from 160 m,with the maximum and minimum stress values decreasing as the distance of advancement *** the stress beam interval of the overburden rock,the maximum value changes periodically as the advancement distance *** on a comparative analysis between observable data from on-site work and numerical simulation results,the stress data from the numerical simulation are essentially consistent with the actual results detected on-site,indicating the validity of the numerical simulation results.

关键词： Fracture development characteristics Similar simulation experiment Layer porosity Discrete element numerical simulation

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Microwave-assisted pyrolysis of plastics for aviation oil production:energy and economic analyses

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Frontiers of Chemical science and Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 141-153页

作者： Sichen Fan Yifan Liu Yaning Zhang Wenke Zhao Chunbao Xu School of energy science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of energy and Environment City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina

Microwave-assisted pyrolysis is an effective method for recycling plastic wastes into oils that can be used for aviation fuels. In this study, energy and economic analyses of aviation oil production from microwave-assisted pyrolysis of polystyrene were performed. The total energy efficiency, recovered energy efficiency, unitary cost, unitary energy economic cost, relative cost difference, and energy economic factor were detailed. And the effects of microwave power, pyrolysis temperature, microwave absorbent loading, and microwave absorbent type on these parameters were covered. It was found that pyrolysis temperature has the most significant effect on the unitary cost and unitary energy economic cost of aviation oil, and-microwave absorbent type has a significant influence on energy economic factor during the whole microwave-assisted pyrolysis process. The optimum reaction conditions at the tonnage system for pyrolysis of 1 t polystyrene were microwave power of 650 W, pyrolysis temperature of 460 ℃, and silicon carbide (microwave absorbent) at a loading of 2 t (twice than feedstock loading). At these optimal conditions, the total energy efficiency, recovered energy efficiency, unitary cost, unitary energy economic cost, relative cost difference, and energy economic factor were 62.78%, 96.51%, 3.21 × 10^(4) yuan·t^(-1), 779 yuan·GJ^(-1), 1.49, and 71.02%, respectively.

关键词： energy analysis economic analysis microwave-assisted pyrolysis polystyrene aviation oil

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Highly Active Interfacial Sites in SFT-SnO2 Heterojunction Electrolyte for Enhanced Fuel Cell Performance via Engineered energy Bands:Envisioned Theoretically and Experimentally

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energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第3期7卷 388-401页

作者： Sajid Rauf Muhammad Bilal Hanif Faiz Wali Zuhra Tayyab Bin Zhu Naveed Mushtaq Yatao Yang Kashif Khan Peter D.Lund Martin Motola Wei Xu College of Electronic and Information Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Radio frequency Heterogeneous Integration Shenzhen University department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Natural SciencesComenius University in Bratislava College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University School of energy and Environment Southeast University School of Materials and energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of China New energy Technologies Group Department of Applied PhysicsAalto University School of Science

Extending the ionic conductivity is the pre-requisite of electrolytes in fuel cell technology for high-electrochemical *** this regard,the introduction of semiconductor-oxide materials and the approach of heterostructure formation by modulating energy bands to enhance ionic conduction acting as an electrolyte in fuel ***（n-type; SnO2） plays a key role by introducing into p-type SrFe0.2Ti0.8O3-δ（SFT） semiconductor perovskite materials to construct p-n heterojunction for high ionic ***,two different composites of SFT and SnO2are constructed by gluing p-and n-type SFT-SnO2,where the optimal composition of SFT-SnO2（6:4） heterostructure electrolyte-based fuel cell achieved excellent ionic conductivity 0.24 S cm-1with power-output of1004 mW cm-2and high OCV 1.12 V at a low operational temperature of500℃.The high power-output and significant ionic conductivity with durable operation of 54 h are accredited to SFT-SnO2heterojunction formation including interfacial conduction assisted by a built-in electric field in fuel cell ***,the fuel conversion efficiency and considerable Faradaic efficiency reveal the compatibility of SFT-SnO2heterostructure electrolyte and ruled-out short-circuiting ***,the first principle calculation provides sufficient information on structure optimization and energy-band structure modulation of *** strategy will provide new insight into semiconductor-based fuel cell technology to design novel electrolytes.

关键词： high ionic conductivity interfacial conduction modulated energy band structure p-n heterojunction semiconductors

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Enhanced photothermal dehydration of methanol over W_(18)O_(49)/Au/SAPO-34 catalysts with broadened light absorption

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 1139-1152页

作者： Ya-Qin Tang Meng-Xia Yan Chang-Qian Lu Shao-Yuan Li Kui-Xian Wei Tao Qu Wen-HuiMa Yong-Nian Dai Kong-Zhai Li Da-Jun Luo Xue-Liang Zhang Yi-Ke Liu Faculty of Metallurgical and energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650093China School of Materials and energy Engineering Guizhou Institute of TechnologyGuiyang550003China

Methanol-to-olefins(MTO)process is one of the most critical pathways to produce low carbon ***,the reaction is driven by thermal catalysis,which inevitably needs to consume large amounts of fossil *** a new technique to substitute for the fuel burning is urgent for MTO process to improve the industry prospects and ***,we report a novel W_(18)O_(49)/Au/SAPO-34(W/Au/S),a multifunctional photothermal catalyst for the MTO reaction.A high methanol conversion was achieved under xenonum(Xe)lamp irradiation,yielding methyl ether(ME)and ethylene as the main *** optimized W/Au/S catalysts showed ethylene yield as high as 250μmol in 60 min,which was 2.5 times higher than that of Au/*** physiochemical characterization revealed that the SAPO-34 molecular sieves were surrounded by Au and W_(18)O_(49)nanoparticles,which exhibited a strong localized surface plasmon resonance excitation around 540 nm and light absorption beyond 500 *** multifunctional catalysts showed a strong photothermal effect,arising from the broadened light absorption of Au and W_(18)O_(49)nanoparticles,leading to a temperature as high as 250℃on the surface of the *** study showed that the superior ethylene selectivity of W/Au/S catalysts was attributed to the moderating acidic sites of W_(18)O_(49)for methanol dehydration to *** research may provide new insight for designing heterostructures to improve photo-to-chemical conversion performance and is expected to accelerate progress toward the excellent multifunctional photothermal catalysts with broad light absorption for methanol activation and C-C bond formation.

关键词： Methanol conversion Ethylene Photothermal catalysis W_(18)O_(49) BrΦnsted-acid

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From longan peel waste to energy storage: Porous activated carbon as a cathode matrix for advanced Li/Na-selenium batteries

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2024年第2期34卷 329-337页

作者： Mustafa Khan Suxia Yan Mujahid Ali Faisal Mahmood Yang Zheng Xiaohui Song Guochun Li Junfeng Liu Yong Wang Institute for energy Research Jiangsu University School of energy and Power Engineering Jiangsu University School of Materials science and Engineering Hefei University of Technology

This paper explores the potential of Longan peel waste（LPw） as a sustainable and cost-effective matrix for selenium-based cathodes in Li-Se and Na-Se *** activation,we created LP2—a designation for the carbon precursor derived from LPw,activated at a 1:2 ratio of carbonized LPw to *** nomenclature,where'LP' stands for 'Longan peel' and '2' reflects the optimization of this ratio,led to a hierarchical porous structure with an average pore size of 3.0307 nm and a significant BET surface area of 111.9386 m2g-1Selenium was incorporated into the LP2matrix using a simple melt diffusion technique,yielding the composite Se@*** Li-Se batteries,Se@LP2exhibited an initial discharge capacity of 1033.75 mAh g-1at *** a 1C rate,the composite demonstrated a capacity retention of 301.14 mAh g-1after 550 cycles and 380.91 mAh g-1after 100 ***,for Na-Se batteries,the composite showcased a capacity retention of 347.18 mAh g-1after 100 cycles *** findings underscore LP2's potential as a viable and efficient matrix for selenium-based cathodes,revealing promising prospects for the advancement of highly efficient Li-Se and Na-Se batteries.

关键词： Hierarchical porous structure Li/Na-Se batteries Longan peel waste Melt diffusion technique Selenium-based cathode

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Atomically Dispersed Zinc Active Sites Efficiently Promote the Electrochemical Conversion of N2 to NH3

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energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第3期7卷 179-185页

作者： Yanjiao Wei Xinyu Wang Mengjie Sun Min Ma Jian Tian Minhua Shao School of Materials science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology energy Institute and Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal PollutionThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

At present,the research on highly active and stable nitrogen reduction reaction catalysts is still challenging work for the electrosynthesis of ammonia （NH3）.Herein,we synthesized atomically dispersed zinc active sites supported on N-doped carbon nanosheets （Zn/NC NSs） as an efficient nitrogen reduction reaction catalyst,which achieves a high ammonia yield of46.62μ***-0.85 V （vs RHE） and Faradaic efficiency of 95.8%at-0.70 V （vs RHE）.In addition,Zn/NC NSs present great stability and selectivity,and there is no significant change in NH3rate and Faradaic efficiencies after multiple *** structural characterization shows that the active center in the nitrogen reduction reaction process is the Zn-N4sites in the *** calculation confirms that Zn/NC with Zn-N4configuration has a lower energy barrier for the formation of*NNH intermediate compared with pure N-doped carbon nanosheets （N-C NSs）,thus promoting the hydrogenation kinetics in the whole nitrogen reduction reaction process.

关键词： electrocatalysis nitrogen reduction single-atom catalyst Zn–N4

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