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Comparison of the effects of intravitreal bevacizumab and dexamethasone in experimental posterior penetrating eye injury

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第4期11卷 575-579页

作者： Ayse Oner Nisa Kahraman Saim Ozdamar Esra Balcioglu department of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine Erciyes University department of Histology and embryology Faculty of Medicine Erciyes University

AIM： To compare the effects of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF） and dexamethasone in an experimental rabbit model of posterior penetrating ocular injury.METHODS： Thirty white New Zealand rabbits were included in the study. A posterior penetrating ocular injury was performed at the superotemporal quadrant. They were randomly divided into three groups. The rabbits in group 1 received intravitreal dexamethasone, in group 2 they received intravitreal bevacizumab and those in group 3 received intravitreal physiological saline solution in both eyes. All eyes were examined ophthalmologically on the 1^st, 3^rd, 7^th, 14^th and 28^th days following the injury and the clinical findings were scored. On the day 28, the eyes were enucleated, evaluated and scored macroscopically, histopathologically and scanning electron microscopically.RESULTS： The median clinical score on the 14 th and 28 th days and the median macroscopic score of the dexamethasone group was significantly better than that of control（P=0.004, 0.018）. Dexamethasone group was also better than that of bevacizumab group but the differences did not reach statistical significance. Retinal detachment rate was 8.3%, 16.6% and 12.5% in the dexamethasone group, bevacizumab group and control group, respectively（P=0.476）. More extensive fibrocelluler proliferations were observed in controls compared with dexamethasone and bevacizumab groups. But these differences did not reach the statistical significance（P=0.538）. In scanning electron microscopy all groups showed fibreous stalk and dense collagen fibrils in vitreous. CONCLUSION： This study shows that intravitreal injection of both dexamethasone and bevacizumab may reduce the intraocular fibrous proliferation after an experimental posterior penetrating ocular injury in rabbits.

关键词： posterior penetrating ocular injury experimental dexamethasone bevacizumab proliferative vitreoretinopathy

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Antagonizing amyloid-β/calcium-sensing receptor signaling in human astrocytes and neurons: a key to halt Alzheimer's disease progression?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第2期10卷 213-218页

作者： Ilaria Dal Prà Anna Chiarini Ubaldo Armato Histology & embryology Section Department of Life & Reproduction Sciences University of Verona Medical School

Astrocytes＇ roles in late-onset Alzheimer＇s disease （LOAD） promotion are important, since they survive soluble or fibrillar amyloid-β peptides （Aβs） neurotoxic effects, undergo alterations of intracellular and intercellular Ca2＋ signaling and gliotransmitters release via the Aβ/a7-nAChR （αT-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor） signaling, and overproduce/oversecrete newly synthesized Aβ42 oligomers, NO, and VEGF-A via the Aβ/CaSR （calcium-sensing receptor） signaling. Recently, it was suggested that the NMDAR （N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor） inhibitor nitromemantine would block the synapse-destroying effects of Aβ/α7-nAChR signaling. Yet, this and the progressive extracellular accrual and spreading of Aβ42 oligomers would be stopped well upstream by NPS 2143, an allosteric CaSR antagonist （calcilytic）.

关键词： Alzheimer＇s disease amyloid-β astrocytes Ca2＋ calcilytic calcium-sensing receptor nitromemantine NPS 2143 aT-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

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Differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells into neuron-like cells by Radix Angelicae Sinensis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第35期8卷 3353-3358页

作者： Qiaozhi Wang Lile Zhou Yong Guo Guangyi Liu Jiyan Cheng Hong Yu department of Histology and embryology Luzhou Medical College department of Electronic Microscopy Luzhou Medical College

Human adipose tissues are an ideal source of stem cells. It is important to find inducers that can safely and effectively differentiate stem cells into functional neurons for clinical use. In this study, we investigate the use of Radix Angelicae Sinensis as an inducer of neuronal differentiation. Primary human adipose-derived stem cells were obtained from adult subcutaneous fatty tissue, then pre-induced with 10% Radix Angelicae Sinensis injection for 24 hours, and incubated in serum-free Dulbecco＇s modified Eagle＇s medium/Nutrient Mixture F-12 containing 40% Radix Angelicae Sinensis to induce its differentiation into neuron-like cells. Butylated hydroxyanisole, a common in- ducer for neuronal differentiation, was used as the control. After human adipose-derived stem cells differentiated into neuron-like cells under the induction of Radix Angelicae Sinensis for 24 hours, the positive expression of neuron-specific enolase was lower than that of the butylated hydroxyani- sole-induced group, and the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein was negative. Alter they were induced for 48 hours, the positive expression of neuron specific enolase in human adipose-derived stem cells was significantly higher than that of the butylated hydroxyanisole-induced group. Our experimental findings indicate that Radix Angelicae Sinensis can induce human adipose-derived stem cell differentiation into neuron-like cells and produce less cytotoxicity.

关键词： neural regeneration stem cells human adipose-derived stem cells Radix Angelicae Sinensis neuron-like cells differentiation adipocytes cytotoxicity grants-supported paper neuroregeneration

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Hemodynamic changes in hepatic sinusoids of hepatic steatosis mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第11期25卷 1355-1365页

作者： Jing Fan Chong-Jiu Chen Yu-Chen Wang Wei Quan Jian-Wei Wang Wei-Guang Zhang department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science Center

BACKGROUND Fatty liver(FL) is now a worldwide disease. For decades, researchers have been kept trying to elucidate the mechanism of FL at the molecular level, but rarely involve the study of morphology and medical physics. Traditionally, it was believed that hemodynamic changes occur only when fibrosis occurs, but it has been proved that these changes already show in steatosis stage, which may help to reveal the pathogenesis and its progress. Because the pseudolobules are not formed during the steatosis stage, this phenomenon may be caused by the compression of the liver microcirculation and changes in the hemodynamics.AIM To understand the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis and to study the hemodynamic changes associated with hepatic steatosis.METHODS Eight-week-old male C57 BL/6 mice were divided into three groups randomly(control group, 2-wk group, and 4-wk group), with 16 mice per group. A hepatic steatosis model was established by subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride in mice. After establishing the model, liver tissue from mice was stained with hematoxylin and eosin(HE), and oil red O stains. Blood was collected from the angular vein, and hemorheological parameters were estimated. A two-photon fluorescence microscope was used to examine the flow properties of red blood cells in the hepatic sinusoids.RESULTS Oil red O staining indicated lipid accumulation in the liver after CCl_4 treatment.HE staining indicated narrowing of the hepatic sinusoidal vessels. No significant difference was observed between the 2-wk and 4-wk groups of mice onmorphological examination. Hemorheological tests included whole blood viscosity(mPas, γ = 10 s-1/γ = 100 s-1)(8.83 ± 2.22/4.69 ± 1.16, 7.73 ± 2.46/4.22 ±1.32, and 8.06 ± 2.88/4.22 ± 1.50), red blood cell volume(%)(51.00 ± 4.00, 42.00 ±5.00, and 40.00 ± 3.00), the content of plasma fibrinase(g/L)(3.80 ± 0.50, 2.90 ±0.80, and 2.30 ± 0.70), erythrocyte deformation index(%)(44.49 ± 5.81, 48.00 ±15.29, and 44.36 ± 15.01), erythrocyte electrophoresis rate(mm/s per V/m)(0.55

关键词： Hepatic steatosis Hemodynamics Hepatic sinusoids Two-photon fluorescence microscopy Carbon tetrachloride

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Qian-Zheng-San promotes regeneration after sciatic nerve crush injury in rats

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第4期14卷 683-691页

作者： Zhi-Yong Wang Li-Hua Qin Wei-Guang Zhang Pei-Xun Zhang Bao-Guo Jiang department of Anatomy and Histo-embryology School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University department of Trauma and Orthopedics Peking University People's Hospital

Qian-Zheng-San, a traditional Chinese prescription consisting of Typhonii Rhizoma, Bombyx Batryticatus, Scorpio, has been found to play an active therapeutic role in central nervous system diseases. However, it is unclear whether Qian-Zheng-San has therapeutic value for peripheral nerve injury. Therefore, we used Sprague-Dawley rats to investigate this. A sciatic nerve crush injury model was induced by clamping the right sciatic nerve. Subsequently, rats in the treatment group were administered 2 mL Qian-Zheng-San(1.75 g/mL) daily as systemic therapy for 1, 2, 4, or 8 weeks. Rats in the control group were not administered Qian-Zheng-San. Rats in sham group did not undergo surgery and systemic therapy. Footprint analysis was used to assess nerve motor function. Electrophysiological experiments were used to detect nerve conduction function. Immunofluorescence staining was used to assess axon counts and morphological analysis. Immunohistochemical staining was used to observe myelin regeneration of the sciatic nerve and the number of motoneurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord. At 2 and 4 weeks postoperatively, the sciatic nerve function index, nerve conduction velocity, the number of distant regenerated axons and the axon diameter of the sciatic nerve increased in the Qian-Zheng-San treatment group compared with the control group. At 2 weeks postoperatively, nerve fiber diameter, myelin thickness, and the number of motor neurons in the lumbar spinal cord anterior horn increased in the Qian-Zheng-San treatment group compared with the control group. These results indicate that QianZheng-San has a positive effect on peripheral nerve regeneration.

关键词： nerve regeneration traditional Chinese medicine crush injury peripheral nerve regeneration nerve conduction velocity sciatic function index nerve injury nerve repair formula scorpion neural regeneration

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Protective effect of low dose of melatonin against cholestatic oxidative stress after common bile duct ligation in rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第13期11卷 1951-1956页

作者： Mukaddes Esrefoglu Mehmet Gül Memet Hanifi Emre Alaattin Polat Mukadder Ayse Selimoglu department of Histology and embryology department of Physiology department of Pediatric Gastroenterology

AIM: To investigate the role of oxidative injury and the effect of exogenous melatonin administration on liver damage induced by bile duct ligation (BDL), and second,to evaluate the role of nitric oxide (NO), a free oxygen radical, in oxidative injury.METHODS: Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to four groups: sham operation (SO), BDL, BDL+melatonin,and BDL+vehicle. Cholestasis was achieved by double ligature of the common bile duct. Melatonin was injected intraperitoneally 500 μg/(kg.d) for 8 d. Hepatic oxidative stress markers were evaluated by changes in the amount of lipid peroxides, measured as malondialdehyde (MDA),and reduced GSH. Total nitrite (NOx) concentrations were determined in hepatic homogenates. Histopathological examination was performed using a histological scoring system.RESULTS: The histopathological changes including portal inflammation, necrosis, apoptosis, focal inflammation and fibrosis were severe in the BDL and BDL+vehicle groups. There were numerous large areas of coagulation necrosis. Histological Activity Index scores of these groups were significantly higher than that of the SO group. Treatment with melatonin reduced these alterations significantly. The degree of necro-infiammation and fibrosis showed significant difference between the BDL and BDL+melatonin groups. BDL was accompanied by a significant increase in MDA and NOx, and a significant decrease in GSH levels. Mean±SE values of MDA, GSH and NOx levels of SO group were 147.47±6.69, 0.88±0.33 μmol/g and 180.70±6.58 nm/g, respectively. The values of BDL group were 200.14±21.30, 0.65±0.02 μmol/g, and 400.46±48.89 nm/g, respectively, whereas the values of BDL+melatonin group were 115.93±6.8, 0.74±0.02 μmol/g,and 290.38±32.32 nm/g, respectively. Melatonin treatment was associated with a significant recovery of MDA, GSH and NOx levels.CONCLUSION: We have concluded that oxidative stress is associated with the pathogenesis of cholestatic liver damage and NO contributes to oxidative damage. Melatonin,even at low dose, is an ef

关键词：保护机制用药剂量褪黑激素 N-乙酰-5-甲氧基色胺胆管结扎胆汁淤积小鼠

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α-ketoglutarate promotes the specialization of primordial germ cell-like cells through regulating epigenetic reprogramming

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2021年第1期35卷 36-46,I0014-I0016页

作者： Ming Xing Na Wang Hanyi Zeng Jun Zhang State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine Department of Histology and EmbryologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China

There is growing evidence that cellular metabolism can directly participate in epigenetic dynamics and consequently modulate gene expression.However,the role of metabolites in activating the key gene regulatory network for specialization of germ cell lineage remains largely unknown.Here,we identified some cellular metabolites with significant changes by untargeted metabolomics between mouse epiblast-like cells(EpiLCs)and primordial germ cell-like cells(PGCLCs).More importantly,we found that inhibition of glutaminolysis by bis-2-(5-phenylacetamido-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)ethyl sulfide(BPTES)impeded PGCLC specialization,but the impediment could be rescued by addition ofα-ketoglutarate(αKG),the intermediate metabolite of oxidative phosphorylation and glutaminolysis.Moreover,adding aKG alone to the PGCLC medium accelerated the PGCLC specialization through promoting H3 K27 me3 demethylation.Thus,our study reveals the importance of metabolite aKG in the germ cell fate determination and highlights the essential role of cellular metabolism in shaping the cell identities through epigenetic events.

关键词： cellular metabolism α-ketoglutarate primordial germ cells epigenome

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Expression of cytochrome P450 2A13 in human non-small cell lung cancer and its clinical significance

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2013年第3期27卷 202-207页

作者： Li Sun Xiaoli Fan department of Histology and embryology College of Basic Medicine of Guilin Medicial University

Lung cancer is one of the most important causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Human cytochrome P450 2A13 enzyme （CYP2A13） is predominantly expressed in the respiratory tract and could catalyze various carcinogens. In this study, we quantified CYP2A13 expression in non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） tissues and examined the relation between CYP2A13 and clinicopathologic factors. Thirty-five paired lung cancer and normal tissues were studied for the expression of the CYP2A13 gene by using real-time PCR and Western blot- ting assays. We also investigated the relationship between CYP2A13 expression and clinicopathologic factors such as age, gender, histology and lymph node status in tumor tissues. SPSS （17.0） statistical software was applied for data analysis. The real-time PCR results showed that there was no significant difference in the CYP2A13 mRNA transcript levels between tumor and paired normal tissues in the 35 samples and in 12 paired squamous cell car- cinomas. In adenocarcinoma, the expression of CYP2A13 mRNA in tumor tissues was 12.5% of that in adjacent tissues （P 〈 0.05） and it was not associated with age, gender, histology and lymph node status of the patients. The amounts of CYP2A13 proteins detected by Western blotting assays correlated well with those of the correspond- ing mRNAs. In conclusion, the expression of CYP2A13 was downregulated in lung adenocarcinoma. CYP2A13 may be involved in the development and progression of lung adenocarcinoma.

关键词： cytochrome P450 2A13 （CYP2A13） non-small lung cancer real-time PCR

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CMV immunology

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2015年第2期12卷 125-127页

作者： Stipan Jonjic Faculty of Medicine University of Rijeka Department of Histology and Embryology and Center for Proteomics Rijeka Croatia

Human cytomegalovirus （HCMV） is a ubiquitous pathogen linked to a high risk of morbidity in immunologically sup- pressed and immunodeficient patients, and it is one of the leading viral causes of congenital infections. In addition, HCMV infections have been implicated ill several chronic diseases. So far, strat- egies for coping with the consequences of HCMV infection are limited because of an incomplete understanding of viral pathogenesis. After primary infection, the immune response terminates the rep- lication of the virus, but the virus persists in infected hosts for a lifetime and is able to reactivate despite the presence of sig- nificant preexisting immunity. The major obstacle to HCMV research is the virus＇s strict species specificity, which limits the use of experimental animals in HCMV research. Thus, research on ani- mal cytomegaloviruses （CMVs） is essen- tial for gaining insight into HCMV pathogenesis and immune surveillance. Anlong the animal CMVs, murine CMV （MCMV） is the most widely used model because it shares many biological, genetic and pathological properties with HCMV.

关键词：变态反应和免疫学感染巨细胞病毒理解力年患病率鼠巨细胞病毒属胰岛素种特异性动物人类

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Transforming growth factor β1-mediated anti-inflammation slows progression of midbrain dopaminergic neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第10期10卷 1578-1580页

作者： Björn Spittau Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology Department of Molecular EmbryologyAlbert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg

Parkinson’s disease（PD）is characterized by the progressive loss of midbrain dopaminergic（m DA）neurons and a subsequent decrease in striatal dopamine levels,which cause the typical clinical motor symptoms such as ... 详细信息

关键词： Transforming growth factor mediated anti-inflammation slows progression of midbrain dopaminergic neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease TGF

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