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Use of DNA metabarcoding of bird pellets in understanding raptor diet on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of China

Avian Research 2021年第3期12卷 296-306页

作者： Charlotte E.Hacker Brandon D.Hoenig Liji Wu Wei Cong Jingjing Yu Yunchuan Dai Ye Li Jia Li Yadong Xue Yu Zhang Yunrui Ji Hanning Cao Diqiang Li Yuguang Zhang Jan E.Janecka Research Institute of Forest ecology Environment and ProtectionChinese Academy of Forestryand Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Protection of National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationBeijing 100091China department of Biological Sciences Duquesne UniversityPittsburghPA 15282USA Yanchiwan National nature Reserve of Gansu Province Subei 736300China Institute for ecology and Environmental Resources Chongqing Academy of Social SciencesChongqing 400020China The High School Affiliated to Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China

Background:Diet analysis is essential to understanding the functional role of large bird species in food ***-phological analysis of regurgitated bird pellet contents is time intensive and may underestimate *** metabarcoding has the ability to circumvent these issues,but has yet to be ***:We present a pilot study using DNA metabarcoding of MT-RNR1 and MT-CO1 markers to determine the species of origin and prey of 45 pellets collected in Qinghai and Gansu Provinces,***:We detected four raptor species[Eurasian Eagle Owl(Bubo bubo),Saker Falcon(Falco cherrug),Steppe Eagle(Aquila nipalensis),and Upland Buzzard(Buteo hemilasius)]and 11 unique prey species across 10 families and 4 *** were the greatest detected prey class with Plateau Pika(Ochotona curzoniae)being the most *** Shannon’s and Simpson’s diversity for Upland Buzzard were 1.089 and 0.479,respectively,while expected values were 1.312±0.266 and 0.485±*** Eurasian Eagle Owl,observed values were 1.202 and 0.565,while expected values were 1.502±0.340 and 0.580±*** dietary niche partitioning between the two spe-cies was not ***:Our results demonstrate successful use of DNA metabarcoding for understanding diet via a novel noninvasive sample type to identify common and uncommon *** work is needed to understand how raptor diets vary locally,and the mechanisms that enable exploitation of similar dietary *** approach has wide ranging applicability to other birds of prey,and demonstrates the power of using DNA metabarcoding to study species noninvasively.

关键词： Avian Eurasian Eagle Owl Molecular diet analysis Next-generation sequencing Raptor Saker Falcon Steppe Eagle Upland Buzzard

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Characterization of intestinal microbiota and fecal cortisol,T3,and IgA in forest musk deer(Moschus berezovskii)from birth to weaning

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第3期16卷 300-312页

作者： Yimeng LI Tianxiang ZHANG Minghui SHI Baofeng ZHANG Xin HU Shanghua XU Jianhong DING Shuqiang LIU Defu HU Daniel RUBENSTEIN School of ecology and nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina department of ecology and Evolutionary Biology Princeton UniversityPrincetonNew JerseyUSA Beijing Key Laboratory of Captive Wildlife Technology Beijing ZooBeijingChina

Analysis of the intestinal microbiota and physiological parameters in mammalian infancy can reveal health *** this study,we used a combination of molecular and immunochemical approaches to assess fecal microbiota as well as Cortisol(Cor),Triiodothyronine(T3),and immunoglobulin A(IgA)levels of young forest musk deer(FMD),from birth to one month after weaning(7 days of age–110 days of age).During development as the diet of FMD changes from consuming milk to eating plants,the richness and diversity of intestinal microbiota of young FMD increased *** levels remained unchanged throughout early development while significantly increased after weaning,T3 and IgA initially were derived from milk during lactation,significantly decreased after *** network analysis showed that the community of food-oriented microbes were highly structured and that many genera were ***,this study provides scientific insights into effective management strategies for the protection of FMD population.

关键词： forest musk deer intestinal microbiota weaning

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Range extension of four highland agamid lizards in Shimshal Pamir,Pakistan

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Journal of Arid Land 2012年第1期4卷 77-84页

作者： Babar KHAN Waseem AHMED Abdukadir Ablimit Shamim FAKHRI Hassan ALI Pakistan Wildlife Foundation Xinjiang Institute of ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences World Wide Fund for nature Pakistan Zoological Survey department

As part of the Sino-Pak trans-boundary cooperation for conservation and sustainable development in Pamir border region, World Wild Fund （WWF）-Pakistan conducted a preliminary social, economic and ecological survey in the ShimshaI-Pamir Lakes area in July 2009. The purpose of the study was to explore potentials and opportunities for future collaborative conservation of some species, habitats and high altitude ecosystems in the border region between China and Pakistan. The two-week herpetological study in the Shimshal Pamir area of Khunjerab National Park （KNP） along Pakistan-China border was an integral part of the survey, conducted exclu- sively to document reptilian fauna with a special emphasis on investigating their occurrence, distribution and status in the study area. Field investigations were performed during daytime when it was hot enough and reptiles were active, basking or feeding. A total of 15 specimens belonging to four species of the Agamidae family were captured by striking stones and beating bushes with sticks. Collected specimens were preserved using 10% formalin solution, tagged with field information and stored in Zoological Survey department, Karachi for future reference. Laboratory investigations were carried out for pholidosic counts and morphometric measurements. A detailed review of relevant literature, habitat characteristics and laboratory investigations revealed the occurrence of Laudakia himalayana, L. pakistanica, L. tuberculata and L. badakhshana at 4,082 m, 4,172 m, 4,005 m and 4,240 m asl, respectively, which are much higher altitudes as compared to the previously reported heights of 3,353 m, 3,200 m, 2,500 m and 2,400 m asl. The terrain offers a variety of ecological barriers, in the form of fast and freezing running waters and massive glaciers with peculiar harsh climatic conditions prevailing for nine months of the year, which restricts species migration and thus increases endemism. Although one of the four species recorded from the

关键词： Laudakia himalayana L. pakistanica L. tuberculat L. badakhshana Agarnidae Gilgit-Baltistan Khunjerab National Park Pakistan

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Refining the Factors Affecting N_(2)O Emissions from Upland Soils with and without Nitrogen Fertilizer Application at a Global Scale

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第9期41卷 1804-1820页

作者： Wenqian JIANG Siqi LI Yong LI Meihui WANG Bo WANG Ji LIU Jianlin SHEN Xunhua ZHENG State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory for Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China Changsha Research Station for Agricultural&Environmental Monitoring Chinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Environmental protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of the Urban Air Pollution Complex Shanghai Academy of Environment SciencesShanghai 200233China Institute of Carbon Neutrality Qilu ZhongkeJinan 251699China Hubei Province Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis and Simulation Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China department of Ecohydrology Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland FisheriesBerlin 12587Germany Key laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf Ministry of EducationNanning Normal UniversityNanning 530001China Golden Mantis school of Architecture Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China

Nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)is a long-lived greenhouse gas that mainly originates from agricultural *** and more studies have explored the sources,influencing factors and effective mitigation measures of N_(2)O in recent ***,the hierarchy of factors influencing N_(2)O emissions from agricultural soils at the global scale remains *** this study,we carry out correlation and structural equation modeling analysis on a global N_(2)O emission dataset to explore the hierarchy of influencing factors affecting N_(2)O emissions from the nitrogen(N)and non-N fertilized upland farming systems,in terms of climatic factors,soil properties,and agricultural *** results show that the average N_(2)O emission intensity in the N fertilized soils(17.83 g N ha^(-1)d^(-1))was significantly greater than that in the non-N fertilized soils(5.34 g N ha^(−1) d^(−1))(p<0.001).Climate factors and agricultural practices are the most important influencing factors on N_(2)O emission in non-N and N fertilized upland soils,*** different climatic zones,without fertilizer,the primary influence factors on soil N_(2)O emissions are soil physical properties in subtropical monsoon zone,whereas climatic factors are key in the temperate *** fertilizer,the primary influence factors for subtropical monsoon and temperate continental zones are soil physical properties,while agricultural measures are the main factors in the temperate monsoon *** enhanced agricultural practices,such as reduced N fertilizer rate combined with the addition of nitrification and urease inhibitors can potentially mitigate N_(2)O emissions by more than 60%in upland farming systems.

关键词： N_(2)O emissions influencing factors nitrogen cycling upland farming systems

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Molecular phylogeny of Entomobrya (Collembola: Entomobryidae) from China: Color pattern groups and multiple origins

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Insect Science 2019年第3期26卷 587-597页

作者： Yin-Huan Ding Dao-Yuan Yu Wei-Bo Guo Jian-Nan Li Feng Zhang department of Entomology College of Plant Protection Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China department of ecology College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China Institute of Environmental Sciences under Ministry of Environmental protection Nanjing China

Highly diversified colorations among springtails (Collembola) have been widely used for species diagnosis, but their phylogenetic significance is poorly known. We addressed this issue in the largest Entomobryinae genus Entomobrya, which possesses variable color patterns among species. The relationships within the genus and to other genera have also rarely been studied. Based on material mainly from China, we have conducted a multilocus phylogeny and topology tests with likelihood and Bayesian algorithms, and accordingly demonstrated the non-monophyly of Chinese Entomobrya. The division of five clades, including Entomobrya and several related genera, coincided well with five types of colorations, respectively. Further analyses of divergence time and historical biogeography revealed that Chinese Entomobrya originated mainly from Palearctic (northern and western) China in the Paleocene and Eocene. This study highlights the great phylo? genetic values as well as taxonomic uses of coloration in Chinese Entomobrya. Multiple phylogenetic and biogeographic origins of Entomobrya imply its complicated relationships with both scaled and unsealed genera of Entomobryinae.

关键词： coloration Entomobrya Entomobryinae non-monophyly Palearctic origins

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Enhancing MXene-based supercapacitors:Role of synthesis and 3D architectures

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 1-26页

作者： Wen Siong Poh Wen Jie Yiang Wee-Jun Ong Pau Loke Show Chuan Yi Foo School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University MalaysiaSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia&College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005FujianChina Kelip-kelip!Center of Excellence for Light Enabling Technologies Xiamen University MalaysiaSelangor Darul Ehsan 43900Malaysia Center of Excellence for NaNo Energy&Catalysis Technology(CONNECT) Xiamen University MalaysiaSelangor Darul Ehsan 43900Malaysia department of Chemical Engineering Khalifa UniversityShakhbout Bin Sultan St-Zone 1Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources protection Wenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325035ZhejiangChina department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham MalaysiaJalan Broga43500 SemenyihSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia department of Sustainable Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSIMATSChennai 602105India

MXene has been the limelight for studies on electrode active materials,aiming at developing supercapacitors with boosted energy density to meet the emerging influx of wearable and portable electronic *** its various desirable properties including intrinsic flexibility,high specific surface area,excellent metallic conductivity and unique abundance of surface functionalities,its full potential for electrochemical performance is hindered by the notorious restacking phenomenon of MXene *** to its two-dimensional(2D)nature and surface functional groups,inevitable Van der Waals interactions drive the agglomeration of nanosheets,ultimately reducing the exposure of electrochemically active sites to the electrolyte,as well as severely lengthening electrolyte ion transport *** a result,energy and power density deteriorate,limiting the application versatility of MXene-based *** 3D architectures using 2D nanosheets presents as a straightforward yet ingenious approach to mitigate the fatal flaws of ***,the sheer number of distinct methodologies reported,thus far,calls for a systematic review that unravels the rationale behind such 3D MXene structural ***,this review aims to serve this purpose while also scrutinizing the structure–property relationship to correlate such structural modifications to their ensuing electrochemical performance ***,the physicochemical properties of MXene play fundamental roles in determining the effective charge storage capabilities of 3D MXene-based *** largely depends on different MXene synthesis techniques and synthesis condition variations,hence,elucidated in this review as ***,the challenges and perspectives for achieving viable commercialization of MXene-based supercapacitor electrodes are highlighted.

关键词： MXene 3D architectures Synthesis design Supercapacitor Energy storage

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Fusion and one-neutron stripping process for ^(6)Li+^(94)Zr system around the Coulomb Barrier

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第9期48卷 133-141页

作者： Xuedou Su Guangxin Zhang Shipeng Hu Peiwei Wen H.O.Soler Gaolong Zhang Boshuai Cai Cenxi Yuan J.L.Ferreira Zhenwei Jiao Mingli Wang Xiaoyu Wang Zhen Huang Huanqiao Zhang Chunlei Zhang Xiaoguang Wu Yun Zheng Congbo Li Tianxiao Liand J.Lubian School of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Institute for Advanced Study in Nuclear Energy&Safety Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Research and Manufacture of High Purity Germanium Materials and Fetectors Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413China Instituto de Física Universidade Federal FluminenseNiterói 24210-340Rio de JaneiroBrazil State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and protection School of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China The Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

The complete and incomplete fusion cross section as well as one-neutron stripping process of ^(6)Li+^(94)Zr system were measured at the energies around the Coulomb barrier by onlineγ-ray *** addition to a 30%suppression factor when compared with the measured total fusion process,the complete fusion cross section in ^(6)Li+^(94)Zr system was observed to be significantly lower than those in the nearby ^(6)Li+^(90,96)Zr *** new experimental result implies that the coupling with breakup channel in the ^(6)Li-induced fusion processes can be affected by the inner structure of the target,which is still not clear in any available model *** the one-neutron stripping process,the direct production cross sections for each level in 95Zr were extracted and compared with the coupled reaction channel calculation,offering a unique opportunity to examine the single-particle nature of the produced excited *** the fact that an overall overestimation of the production cross section for 954-keV and1618-keV levels was observed in the comparison,further investigation is highly demanded in order to understand the full reaction mechanism for the one-neutron stripping process induced by ^(6)Li.

关键词： weakly bound nuclei complete fusion incomplete fusion transfer reaction

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Spatial distributions of intra-community tree species under topographically variable conditions

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第2期20卷 391-402页

作者： LV Ting ZHAO Rong WANG Ning-jie XIE Lei FENG Yue-yao LI Yao DING Hui FANG Yan-ming Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity ConservationCollege of Biology and the EnvironmentNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Research Center for nature Conservation and Biodiversity State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Ecology and Environment of Wuyi MountainsState Environmental Protection Key Laboratory on BiosafetyNanjing Institute of Environmental SciencesMinistry of Ecology and EnvironmentNanjing 210037China

Growing public awareness of the importance of protecting biodiversity requires the development of forest practices that increase the complexity of stand *** the ecological processes of different forest vegetation provide insights into community coexistence *** this paper,the spatial patterns of three different communities,evergreen broadleaf forest,deciduous broadleaf forest,and mixed needleleaf and broadleaf forest at ***,China,were quantified with four structural parameters,the mingling index,the uniform angle index,the diameter dominance index and the crowdedness *** trees with a diameter at breast height of more than 5 cm were *** analyses highlighted that most trees in the three communities were extremely dense and slightly clumped,with a moderate size differentiation and high mixed *** mixed needleleaf and broadleaf forest,the distribution pattern of tree species was better than the other two ***,spatial patterns in mixed needleleaf and broadleaf forest exhibited a strong stability-effect,that is,the stand had a suitable environment for the stable survival of the *** the increasing of elevation,the degree of the mingling index and the crowdedness index increased,however,there was no influence on the uniform angle index and the diameter dominance ***,at the same elevation,four structural parameters of shady slope were larger than that of sunny *** we found the relationship between stand spatial structure and environment factors had important influence on forest *** work contributes to the knowledge of population structure,and further provide theoretical basis for the sustainable development of forest resources and protecting biodiversity of Huangshan *** future studies,it is necessary to explore the limiting factors of community spatial distribution by combining species diversity and functional traits.

关键词： Intra-community Stand spatial structure Comprehensive evaluation Topographical factor Forest vegetation

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Spatio-Temporal Variability of Rainfall and Temperature and Their Effects on Pasture Variability over East Africa: Implication on the Cattle Grazing Areas

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment protection 2024年第3期12卷 54-69页

作者： Natiko Peter Wang Wen Nyasulu Matthews Raharivelo Sitraka Ny Aina Alupot Donnata School of Atmospheric Science Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China Uganda National Meteorological Authority Directorate of Station Networks Department of Instruments and Installations Kampala Uganda School of ecology and Applied Meteorology Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China

Understanding the spatiotemporal variability of climatic parameters and their effects on pasture variability is vital for pasture management interventions over East Africa. The present study aims to assess the spatial-temporal variability of rainfall, temperature and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) (which is being used to assess pasture quality and productivity) over the region, between the period of 1982 and 2019. This study used annual mean values for rainfall, temperature and NDVI which were calculated for the period mentioned above. NDVI was derived from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Global Area Cover (GAC) (NOAA-07-GAC) data. The rainfall data was acquired from the Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Station (CHIRPS) while temperature is ERA5 reanalysis data sourced from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The study utilized the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) to identify patterns and dominant relationships between the climate variables. The correlation was calculated between rainfall, temperature and NDVI to assess the relationship among them. A non-parametric Mann-Kendall trends test was used to determine whether annual precipitation, temperature and NDVI had statistically increasing or decreasing trend. Results revealed a positive correlation between rainfall and NDVI while a negative correlation between NDVI and temperature. Positive correlation between rainfall and NDVI indicates that pasture health (quality and productivity), will improve accordingly. A negative correlation between temperature and NDVI indicates that pasture health will decrease with increase in temperature while improving with decreasing temperature. Outcome from this study suggests that changes in climatic variables influence the distribution of pasture in East Africa’s cattle grazing areas. The study hence recommends prioritisation of climatic (weather) information during pasture management over East A

关键词： NDVI Climatic Parameters EOF Pasture East Africa

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Protecting Biodiversity to Build a Global Community of Life

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China Today 2021年第11期70卷 42-45页

作者： CUI SHUHONG the department of nature and ecology Conservation of the Ministry of ecology and Environment

ECOLOGICAL conservation is deeply ingrained within the Chinese *** Superfluous Book of Zhou,written more than 2,000 years ago,has the lines:“Do not bring axes to mountains in the spring,leaving trees to grow;do not cast fishing nets in rivers in the summer,leaving fish and crabs to grow.”It exhorts people to use natural resources in a way which conforms to the life cycle of wildlife to guarantee the sustainability of the planet.

关键词： planet has mountains

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