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Genome-wide identification and characterization of the PbrATG family in Pyrus bretschneideri and functional analysis of PbrATG1a in response to Botryosphaeria dothidea

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第2期10卷 327-340页

作者： Yun Wang Xun Sun Zhenwu Zhang Zhihua Xie Kaijie Qi Shaoling Zhang Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementCollege of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210095China

The pear is an economic fruit that is widely planted around the world and is loved by people for its rich nutritional value. Autophagy is a self-protection mechanism in eukaryotes, and its occurrence often accompanied by the degradation of damaged substances in cells and the recycling of nutrients. Autophagy is one of the mechanisms through which plants respond to environmental stress and plays an important role in plant development and stress resistance. Functional studies of autophagy-related genes (ATGs) have been performed on a variety of plant species, but little information is available on the ATG family in pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd). Therefore, we analyzed the evolutionary dynamics and performed a genome-wide characterization of the PbrATG gene family. A total of 28 PbrATG members were *** analysis showed that PbrATGs were more closely related to ATGs of European pear and apple. Evolutionary analysis revealed that whole-genome duplication (WGD) and dispersed duplication events were the main driving forces of PbrATG family *** analysis of different pear tissues showed that all the genes were expressed in different pear tissues, and different PbrATGs are expressed at different times and in different locations. Moreover, all PbrATGs also responded to different abiotic stresses, especially salt and drought stress, which elicited the highest expression levels. Pear seedlings were subsequently infected with Botryosphaeria dothidea (***). The results showed that different PbrATGs had different expression patterns at different infection stages. According to the gene expression data, PbrATG1a was selected as a key autophagy gene for further analysis. Silencing of PbrATG1a reduced the resistance of pear to B. dothidea, which resulted in increased lesions, reactive oxygen species (ROS) contents, antioxidant enzyme activity, and gene expression levels in the silenced pear seedlings after B. dothidea inoculation. In this s

关键词： Autophagy Pear PbrATGs Abiotic stress Botryosphaeria dothidea PbrATG1a

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Exogenous melatonin improves cotton yield under drought stress by enhancing root development and reducing root damage

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第10期 3387-3405页

作者： Lingxiao Zhu Hongchun Sun Ranran Wang Congcong Guo Liantao Liu Yongjiang Zhang Ke Zhang Zhiying Bai Anchang Li Jiehua Zhu Cundong Li State Key Laboratory of North China crop Improvement and Regulation/Key Laboratory of crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province/College of Agronomy Hebei Agricultural University College of Plant Protection Hebei Agricultural University

The exogenous application of melatonin by the root drenching method is an effective way to improve crop drought ***,the optimal concentration of melatonin by root drenching and the physiological mechanisms underlying melatonin-induced drought tolerance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) roots remain *** study determined the optimal concentration of melatonin by root drenching and explored the protective effects of melatonin on cotton *** results showed that 50μmol L–1 melatonin was optimal and significantly mitigated the inhibitory effect of drought on cotton seedling *** melatonin promoted root development in drought-stressed cotton plants by remarkably increasing the root length,projected area,surface area,volume,diameter,and *** also mitigated the drought-weakened photosynthetic capacity of cotton and regulated the endogenous hormone contents by regulating the relative expression levels of hormone-synthesis genes under drought ***-treated cotton seedlings maintained optimal enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant capacities,and produced relatively lower levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde,thus reducing the drought stress damage to cotton roots (such as mitochondrial damage).Moreover,melatonin alleviated the yield and fiber length declines caused by drought *** together,these findings show that root drenching with exogenous melatonin increases the cotton yield by enhancing root development and reducing the root damage induced by drought *** summary,these results provide a foundation for the application of melatonin in the field by the root drenching method.

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Inhibiting the oligomerization of mycobacterial DNA-directed RNA polymerase(RNAP)using natural compound via in-silico techniques

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Medicine in Novel Technology and Devices 2024年第1期21卷 97-109页

作者： Ehssan H.Moglad department of Pharmaceutics College of PharmacyPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityP.O.Box 173 Alkharj 11942Saudi Arabia department of Microbiology and Parasitology Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants ResearchThe National Center for ResearchP.O.Box 2404KhartoumSudan

Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb)is responsible for the spread of tuberculosis(TB).The current study employed virtual screening of 2569 natural compounds against the DNA-directed RNA polymerase(RNAP)of Mtb to identify the possible binders that can inhibit its *** in-silico methodology included molecular docking to the compounds,further,the stability and flexibility of the best complexes were studied using molecular dynamics simulation,the MM/GBSA binding free energy technique with energy decomposition,PCA,FEL,steered MD simulation,and umbrella *** virtual screenings were conducted for the five RNAP subunits(chains A,B,C,D,and E)to identify a compound capable of inhibiting RNAP oligomerization.A promising compound,isoestradiol 3-benzoate,exhibited a low binding score(−7.28kcal/mol to−8.21kcal/mol)and showed binding ability with all subunits of the ***,the five complexes with isoestradiol 3-benzoate were selected for molecular dynamics simulation ***,RMSD showed that isoestradiol 3-benzoate bound with chain E showed the lowest RMSD of 0.49nm,while with chains A and B it had the most stable and consistent conformations with RMSD of 1.75nm and 1.2nm,*** H-bond between isoestradiol 3-benzoate and chains C and E showed the highest occupancy(58.27%,45.33%,and 50.80%,42.25%,11.75%).Moreover,the MMPBSA technique showed that isoestradiol 3-benzoate had a strong association with chains B and C(ΔGbind=−126.25±2.03 and−129.27±2.25).Additionally,free energy decomposition,PCA,FEL-steered MD simulation,and umbrella sampling were also performed to validate the association of the ligand with the *** 3-benzoate binds strongly to chains B and E;therefore,it should be considered as viable candidate for inhibiting the formation of RNAP protein complex,concluded in this study.

关键词： Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA-Directed RNA polymerase Docking Steered MD simulation Natural compounds Binding free energy Umbrella sampling

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An optimized strategy of nitrogen-split application based on the leaf positional differences in chlorophyll meter readings

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第8期23卷 2605-2617页

作者： Gaozhao Wu Xingyu Chen Yuguang Zang Ying Ye Xiaoqing Qian Weiyang Zhang Hao Zhang Lijun Liu Zujian Zhang Zhiqin Wang Junfei Gu Jianchang Yang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain crops Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225127China

Modern rice production faces the dual challenges of increasing grain yields while reducing inputs of chemical ***,the disequilibrium between the nitrogen(N)supplement from the soil and the demand for N of plants is a serious obstacle to achieving these ***-based diagnosis can help farmers make better choices regarding the timing and amount of topdressing N *** objective was to evaluate a non-destructive assessment of rice N demands based on the relative SPAD value(RSPAD)due to leaf positional *** this study,two field experiments were conducted,including a field experiment of different N rates(Exp.I)and an experiment to evaluate the new strategy of nitrogen-split application based on RSPAD(***).The results showed that higher N inputs significantly increased grain yield in modern high yielding super rice,but at the expense of lower nitrogen use efficiency(NUE).The N nutrition index(NNI)can adequately differentiate situations of excessive,optimal,and insufficient N nutrition in rice,and the optimal N rate for modern high yielding rice is higher than conventional *** RSPAD is calculated as the SPAD value of the top fully expanded leaf *** value of the third leaf,which takes into account the non-uniform N distribution within a *** RSPAD can be used as an indicator for higher yield and NUE,and guide better management of N fertilizer ***,we developed a new strategy of nitrogen-split application based on RSPAD,in which the N rate was reduced by 18.7%,yield was increased by 1.7%,and the agronomic N use efficiency was increased by 27.8%,when compared with standard farmers'*** strategy of N fertilization shows great potential for ensuring high yielding and improving NUE at lower N inputs.

关键词： canopy crop management practices nitrogen nitrogen nutrition index rice SPAD

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Multi-omics:Powerful accelerator for uncovering plant specialized metabolic pathways:The case of leonurine

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 13-15页

作者： Priyanka Gupta Anuj Sharma Dinesh A.Nagegowda Molecular Plant Biology and Biotechnology Lab CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic PlantsResearch CentreBengaluru 560065India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research Ghaziabad 201002India

As sessile organisms,plants employ a unique adaptive strategy to survive harsh terrestrial environments and defend against or interact with coevolving animals and *** strategy involves expanding their metabolic systems,resulting in the production of plant specialized metabolites(PSMs)or natural ***,PSMs constitute a highly diverse group of compounds based on their common core structure,comprising terpenoids,phenylpropanoids,benzenoids,alkaloids and nitrogen-containing compounds,glucosinolates,indoles and sulfur-containing indole compounds,phenolics,and fatty acid derivatives(Garagounis et al.,2021).

关键词： expanding alkaloids sulfur

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Overexpression of auxin/indole-3-acetic acid gene MdIAA24 enhances Glomerella leaf spot resistance in apple(Malus domestica)

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第1期10卷 15-24页

作者： Qian Wang Dong Huang Wenyan Tu Fengwang Ma Changhai Liu State Key Laboratory of crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China

Auxin is throughout the entire life process of plants and is involved in the crosstalk with other hormones,yet its role in apple disease resistance remains *** this study,we investigated the function of auxin/indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)gene Md IAA24 overexpression in enhancing apple resistance to Glomerella leaf spot(GLS)caused by Colletotrichum fructicola(Cf).Analysis revealed that,upon Cf infection,35S::Md IAA24 plants exhibited enhanced superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD)activity,as well as a greater amount of glutathione(reduced form)and ascorbic acid accumulation,resulting in less H_(2)O_(2)and superoxide anion(O_(2)^(-))in apple ***,35S::Md IAA24 plants produced more protocatechuic acid,proanthocyanidins B1,proanthocyanidins B2 and chlorogenic acid when infected with *** Cf infection,35S::Md IAA24 plants presented lower levels of IAA and jasmonic acid(JA),but higher levels of salicylic acid(SA),along with the expression of related *** overexpression of Md IAA24 was observed to enhance the activity of chitinase andβ-1,3-glucanase in Cfinfected *** results indicated the ability of Md IAA24 to regulate the crosstalk between IAA,JA and SA,and to improve reactive oxygen species(ROS)scavenging and defense-related enzymes *** jointly contributed to GLS resistance in apple.

关键词： Apple MdIAA24 Glomerella leaf spot(GLS) Antioxidant capacity Auxin Salicylic acid Jasmonic acid

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Functional assessment of cadherin as a shared mechanism for cross/dual resistance to Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab in Helicoverpa zea

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第5期23卷 1604-1617页

作者： Jizhen Wei Min Zhang Pin Li Zhongyuan Deng Xinming Yin Shiheng An Xianchun Li State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize crop Science/College of Plant Protection Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450046China department of Entomology and BIO5 Institute University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA School of Agricultural Sciences Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Helicoverpa zea is a major target pest of pyramided transgenic crops expressing Cry1,Cry2 and/or Vip3Aa proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)in the United ***-selected Cry1Ac/Cry2Ab cross resistance and fieldevolved practical dual resistance of *** to these two toxins have been widely *** the widespread Cry1Ac/Cy2Ab dual resistance of *** has resulted from the selection of one shared or two independent resistance mechanisms by pyramided Bt crops remains *** is a well-confirmed receptor of Cry1Ac and a suggested receptor of Cry2Ab in at least three Lepidopteran *** test whether cadherin may serve as one shared mechanism for the cross and dual resistance of *** to Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab,we cloned *** cadherin(HzCadherin)cDNA and studied its functional roles in the mode of action of Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab by gain-and lossof-function *** expression of HzCadherin in *** midgut,*** fat body and Sf9 cells made all three of these cell lines more susceptible to activated Cry1Ac but not activated Cry2Ab,whereas silencing HzCadherin of *** midgut and fat body cells significantly reduced the susceptibility to Cry1Ac but not ***,suppressing HzCadherin with siRNA made *** larvae resistant to *** results clearly demonstrate that HzCadherin is not a receptor for Cry2Ab,and thus it is unlikely to serve as one shared mechanism for the cross and dual resistance of *** to Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab.

关键词： Bt crops cadherin Cry toxin receptor resistance mechanism

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OsbZIP53 Negatively Regulates Immunity Response by Involving in Reactive Oxygen Species and Salicylic Acid Metabolism in Rice

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Rice science 2024年第2期31卷 190-202,I0022-I0028页

作者： WU Lijuan HAN Cong WANG Huimei HE Yuchang LIN Hai WANG Lei CHEN Chen E Zhiguo State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain crops Agricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

The basic region/leucine zipper(bZIP)transcription factors play important roles in plant development and responses to abiotic and biotic ***53 regulates resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae in rice by analyzing APIP5-RNAi transgenic *** further investigate the biological functions of OsbZIP53,we generated osbzip53 mutants using CRISPR/Cas9 editing and also constructed OsbZIP53 over-expression transgenic *** analysis of phenotypical,physiological,and transcriptional data showed that knocking-out OsbZIP53 not only improved disease resistance by inducing a hypersensitivity response in plants,but also regulated the immune response through the salicylic acid ***,disrupting OsbZIP53 increased H2O2 accumulation by promoting reactive oxygen species generation through up-regulation of several respiratory burst oxidase homologs(Osrboh genes)and weakened H2O2 degradation by directly targeting *** addition,the growth of osbzip53 mutants was seriously impaired,while OsbZIP53 over-expression lines displayed a similar phenotype to the wild type,suggesting that OsbZIP53 has a balancing effect on rice immune response and growth.

关键词： OsbZIP53 hypersensitive response reactive oxygen species metabolism rice immunity salicylic acid transcription factor

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Artificial Intelligence for Maximizing Agricultural Input Use Efficiency: Exploring Nutrient, Water and Weed Management Strategies

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第7期93卷 1569-1598页

作者： Sumit Sow Shivani Ranjan Mahmoud F.Seleiman Hiba M.Alkharabsheh Mukesh Kumar Navnit Kumar Smruti Ranjan Padhan Dhirendra Kumar Roy Dibyajyoti Nath Harun Gitari Daniel O.Wasonga department of Agronomy Dr.Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural UniversityPusaSamastipurBihar848125India department of Plant Production College of Food and Agriculture SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia department of crop Sciences Faculty of AgricultureMenoufia UniversityShibin El-Kom32514Egypt department of Water Resources and Environmental Management Faculty of Agricultural TechnologyAl Balqa Applied UniversitySalt19117Jordan Division of Agronomy ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research InstitutePusa CampusNew Delhi110012India department of Soil Science Dr.Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural UniversityPusaSamastipurBihar848125India department of Agricultural Science and Technology School of Agriculture and Environmental SciencesKenyatta UniversityNairobi43844Kenya department of crop Sciences University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA

Agriculture plays a crucial role in the economy,and there is an increasing global emphasis on automating agri-cultural *** the tremendous increase in population,the demand for food and employment has also increased signiﬁ*** methods traditionally used to meet these requirements are no longer ade-quate,requiring solutions to issues such as excessive herbicide use and the use of chemical *** of technologies such as the Internet of Things,wireless communication,machine learning,artiﬁcial intelligence(AI),and deep learning shows promise in addressing these ***,there is a lack of comprehensive documentation on the application and potential of AI in improving agricultural input efﬁ*** address this gap,a desk research approach was used by utilizing peer-reviewed electronic databases like PubMed,Scopus,Goo-gle Scholar,Web of Science,and Science Direct for relevant *** of 327 initially identiﬁed articles,180 were deemed pertinent,focusing primarily on AI’s potential in enhancing yield through better management of nutrients,water,and *** into account researchﬁndings worldwide,we found that AI technologies could assist farmers by providing recommendations on the optimal nutrients to enhance soil quality and deter-mine the best time for irrigation or herbicide *** present status of AI-driven automation in agricul-ture holds signiﬁcant promise for optimizing agricultural input utilization and reducing resource waste,particularly in the context of three pillars of crop management,i.e.,nutrient,irrigation,and weed management.

关键词： Agriculture artiﬁcial intelligence crop management nutrient irrigation weed management resource use efﬁciency

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Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Formation Mechanism of Anthocyanins Light-Independent Synthesis in Chrysanthemum

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第7期93卷 1599-1621页

作者： Fangye Liu Jiaping Qu Yajun Li Jiawei Fan Yumeng Cui Jingwen Wu Xueqi Gu Xia Li He Huang Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation&Molecular BreedingNational Engineering Research Center for FloricultureBeijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological EnvironmentKey Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Education MinistrySchool of Landscape ArchitectureBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China Urban Construction School Beijing City UniversityBeijing100083China

Chrysanthemum×morifolium is a horticultural crop which plays a vital role in theﬂower industry with signiﬁ-cant economic value and has a cultivation history of over three thousand years in *** accumulation of anthocyanins is always affected by ***,we revealed that anthocyanin accumulation is highly dependent on light in‘2021135’genotype chrysanthemum,while it is light-independent in‘2001402’genotype ***,no literature has been reported regarding the non-photosensitive chrysanthemum in anthocya-nins light-independent synthesis *** the phenotype analysis of 44 F1 generations,we found that light-independence is a dominant trait which can be stable inherited by *** transcriptome of the rayﬂorets of‘2021135’and‘2001402’under light and bagging treatment were sequenced and *** on weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA),K-means analysis,and Real-Time Quantitative Poly-merase Chain Reaction(RT-qPCR)analysis,16 genes were highly correlated with the anthocyanin *** anthocyanin content of rayﬂorets treated with different light-quality conditions indicated that blue light signiﬁ-cantly affected anthocyanin *** Yeast one-hybrid analysis,CmBIC1.1 and CmBIC1.2 can directly regulate the anthocyanin structural gene *** our study,we revealed the important characteristics of light-independent anthocyanin synthesis in chrysanthemums and screened regulatory factors in light-depen-dent and light-independent anthocyanin synthesis *** results laid the groundwork for subsequent ana-lysis of the molecular mechanism involved in the light-independent synthesis of anthocyanins in chrysanthemums.

关键词： Chrysanthemum non-photosensitive transcriptome anthocyanin biosynthesis

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