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Multiplex qPCR for serodetection and serotyping of hepatitis viruses: A brief review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第20期22卷 4824-4834页

作者： Mohammad Irshad Priyanka Gupta Dhananjay Singh Mankotia Mohammad Ahmad Ansari clinical biochemistry division Department of Laboratory Medicine All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi 110029 India

The present review describes the current status of multiplex quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction(q PCR) assays developed and used globally for detection and subtyping of hepatitis viruses in body fluids. Several studies have reported the use of multiplex q PCR for the detection of hepatitis viruses, including hepatitis A virus(HAV), hepatitis B virus(HBV), hepatitis C virus(HCV), hepatitis D virus(HDV), and hepatitis E virus(HEV). In addition, multiplex q PCR has also been developed for genotyping HBV, HCV, and HEV subtypes. Although a single step multiplex q PCR assay for all six hepatitis viruses, i.e., A to G viruses, is not yet reported, it may be available in the near future as the technologies continue to advance. All studies use a conserved region of the viral genome as the basis of amplification and hydrolysis probes as the preferred chemistries for improved detection. Based on a standard plot prepared using varying concentrations of template and the observed threshold cycle value, it is possible to determine the linear dynamic range and to calculate an exact copy number of virus in the specimen. Advantages of multiplex q PCR assay over singleplex or other molecular techniques in samples from patients with co-infection include fast results, low cost, and a single step investigation process.

关键词： Co-infection Viral genome Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction Genotyping techniques Serotyping Hepatitis viruses

Evaluation of small bowel blood flow in healthy subjects receiving low-dose aspirin

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第2期17卷 226-230页

作者： Urara Nishida Mototsugu Kato Mutsumi Nishida Go Kamada Takeshi Yoshida Shouko Ono Yuichi Shimizu Masahiro Asaka department of Gastroenterology Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine division of Endoscopy Hokkaido University Hospital department of clinical laboratory and Transfusion Hokkaido University Hospital

AIM:To investigate the relationship between low-dose aspirin-induced small bowel mucosal damage and blood flow,and the effect of rebamipide. METHODS:Ten healthy volunteers were enrolled in this *** subjects were divided into two groups:a placebo group given low-dose aspirin plus placebo and a rebamipide group given low-dose aspirin plus rebamipide for a period of 14 *** endoscopy and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography were performed before and after administration of *** under the curves and peak value of time-intensity curve were calculated. RESULTS:Absolute differences in areas under the curves were-1102.5(95%CI:-1980.3 to-224.7,P=0.0194) in the placebo group and-152.7(95%CI:-1604.2 to 641.6,P=0.8172) in the rebamipide group. Peak values of time intensity curves were-148.0(95% CI:-269.4 to-26.2,P=0.0225) in the placebo group and 28.3(95%CI:-269.0 to 325.6,P=0.8343) in the rebamipide *** endoscopy showed mucosal breaks only in the placebo group. CONCLUSION:Short-term administration of low-dose aspirin is associated with small bowel injuries and blood flow.

关键词： Small-intestine Capsule endoscopy Lowdose aspirin Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography Rebamipide

Assessment of Complications after Liver Surgery: Two Novel Grading Systems Applied to Patients Undergoing Hepatectomy

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2017年第3期37卷 352-356页

作者：徐立宁杨波黎桂平高德伟 department of General Surgery Clinical Division of South Building Chinese PLA General Hospital department of radiology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology department of radiology Hubei Integrated Hospital of Chinese and Western Medicine

Although quality assessment is gaining increasing attention, there is still no consensus on how to define and grade postoperative complications. The absence of a definition and a widely accepted ranking system to classify surgical complications has hampered proper interpretation of the surgical outcome. This study aimed to define and search the simple and reproducible classification of complications following hepatectomy based on two therapy-oriented severity grading system: Clavien-Dindo classification of surgical complications and Accordion severity grading of postoperative complications. Two classifications were tested in a cohort of 2008 patients who underwent elective liver surgery at our institution between January 1986 and December 2005. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to link respective complications with perioperative parameters, length of hospital stay and the quality of life. A total of 1716(85.46%) patients did not develop any complication, while 292(14.54%) patients had at least one complication. According to Clavien-Dindo classification of surgical complications system, grade Ⅰ complications occurred in 150 patients(7.47%), grade Ⅱ in 47 patients(2.34%), grade Ⅲa in 59 patients(2.94%), grade Ⅲb in 13 patients(0.65%), grade Ⅳa in 7 patients(0.35%), grade Ⅳb in 1 patient(0.05%), and grade Ⅴ in 15 patients(0.75%). According to Accordion severity grading of postoperative complications system, mild complications occurred in 160 patients(7.97%), moderate complications in 48 patients(2.39%), severe complications(invasive procedure/no general anesthesia) in 48 patients(2.39%), severe complications(invasive procedure under general anesthesia or single organ system failure) in 20 patients(1.00%), severe complications(organ system failure and invasive procedure under general anesthesia or multisystem organ failure) in 1 patient(0.05%), and mortality was 0.75%(n=15). Complication severity of Clavien-Dindo system and Accordion system were all co

关键词： classification complication quality of life liver hepatectomy

Emotion processing in Parkinson's disease: a blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第4期14卷 666-672页

作者： Mohammed Benzagmout Sa?d Boujraf Badreeddine Alami Hassane Ali Amadou Halima El Hamdaoui Amine Bennani Mounir Jaafari Ismail Rammouz Mustapha Maaroufi Rabia Magoul Driss Boussaoud laboratory of clinical Neuroscience Faculty of Medicine department of Neurosurgery University Hospital of Fez laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and Nutritional and Climatic Environment Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz department of Biophysics and clinical MRI Methods Faculty of Medicine department of radiology and clinical Imaging University Hospital of Fez department of Psychiatry University Hospital of Fez Aix Marseille Université INSERM INS Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia are the major symptoms of the disease. These motor impairments are often accompanied by affective and emotional dysfunctions which have been largely studied over the last decade. The aim of this study was to investigate emotional processing organization in the brain of patients with Parkinson's disease and to explore whether there are differences between recognition of different types of emotions in Parkinson's disease. We examined 18 patients with Parkinson's disease(8 men, 10 women) with no history of neurological or psychiatric comorbidities. All these patients underwent identical brain blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging for emotion evaluation. Blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging results revealed that the occipito-temporal cortices, insula, orbitofrontal cortex, basal ganglia, and parietal cortex which are involved in emotion processing, were activated during the functional control. Additionally, positive emotions activate larger volumes of the same anatomical entities than neutral and negative emotions. Results also revealed that Parkinson's disease associated with emotional disorders are increasingly recognized as disabling as classic motor symptoms. These findings help clinical physicians to recognize the emotional dysfunction of patients with Parkinson's disease.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease emotion processing Blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging brain activation dopamine neural regeneration

Diagnostic value of antigenemia assay for cytomegalovirus gastrointestinal disease in immunocompromised patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第9期17卷 1185-1191页

作者： Naoyoshi Nagata Masao Kobayakawa Takuro Shimbo Kazufusa Hoshimoto Tomoyuki Yada Takuji Gotoda Junichi Akiyama Shinichi Oka Naomi Uemura department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and Medicine department of clinical Research and Informatics International clinical Research Center Research Institute National Center for Global Health and Medicine department of clinical laboratory Pathological division National Center for Global Health and Medicine department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and MedicineKohnodai Hospital division of Aids clinical Center National Center for Global Health and Medicine

AIM:To investigate the utility of the cytomegalovirus(CMV)antigenemia assay for the diagnosis of CMV gastrointestinal disease(GID). METHODS:One hundred and thirty immunocompromised patients were enrolled in this *** with a history of anti-CMV treatment and who had not undergone examination using the antigenemia assay were ***-GID was defined as the detection of large cells with intranuclear inclusions alone or associated with granular cytoplasmic inclusions by *** sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemically stained with *** evaluated the association between CMV-GID and patient characteristics(symptoms,underlying disease,medication,leukocyte counts,and antigenemia assay).All patients were checked with an human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)antibody test before endoscopic *** blood cell(WBC)counts were obtained from medical records within 1 wk of *** was defined as a total WBC count<5000 cells/mm 3 . For HIV patients,we also checked CD4+counts from medical records. RESULTS:A total of 99 patients were retrospectively selected for *** the immunocompromised patients,19 had malignant disease,18 had autoimmune disease,19 had disorders of biochemical homeostasis, three had undergone transplantation,and 45 had HIV infection.A total of 50 patients had received immunosuppressive *** patients had inflammatory bowel ***-five patients were diagnosed as having *** analysis indicated an association between HIV infection,leukopenia,and positive antigenemia and CMV-GID(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis using logistic regression revealed that HIV infection and positive antigenemia were the only independent factors related to CMV-GID(P<0.01).The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value of antigenemia for CMV-GID were 65.4%,93.6%, 91.9%,and 71.0%,*** a subgroup analy-sis,patients with leukopenia displayed

关键词： Cytomegalovirus Gastrointestinal disease Antigenemia assay Real-time polymerase chain reaction Human immunodeficiency virus infection

New approaches for precise response evaluation in hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第12期20卷 3059-3068页

作者： Koichi Hayano Jorge M Fuentes-Orrego Dushyant V Sahani division of Abdominal Imaging and Intervention Department of RadiologyMassachusetts General Hospital

With the increasing clinical use of cytostatic and novel biologic targeted agents,conventional morphologic tumor burden assessments,including World Health Organization criteria and Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors,are confronting limitations because of their difficulties in distinguishing viable tumor from necrotic or fibrotic ***,the investigation for reliable quantitative biomarkers of therapeutic response such as metabolic imaging or functional imaging has been *** this review,we will discuss the conventional and new approaches to assess tumor *** targeted therapy or locoregional therapies can induce biological changes much earlier than morphological changes,these functional tumor burden analyses are very ***,some of them have not gone thorough all steps for standardization and ***,these new techniques and criteria will play an important role in the cancer management,and provide each patient more tailored therapy.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma World Health Organization criteria Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors European Association for the Study of Liver Computed tomography perfusion Dynamic contrast-enhanced-magnetic resonance imaging Diffusion-weighted imaging Positron emission tomography

Recent advances in non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging assessment of hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第23期24卷 2413-2426页

作者： Davide Ippolito Riccardo Inchingolo Luigi Grazioli Silvia Girolama Drago Michele Nardella Marco Gatti Riccardo Faletti School of Medicine University of Milano-Bicocca department of Diagnostic radiology HS Gerardo Monza division of Interventional radiology Department of RadiologyMadonna delle Grazie Hospital department of radiology University of Brescia "Spedali Civili" department of Surgical Sciences Radiology UnitUniversity of Turin

Magnetic resonance(MR) imaging of the liver is an important tool for the detection and characterization of focal liver lesions and for assessment of diffuse liver disease,having several intrinsic characteristics,represented by high soft tissue contrast,avoidance of ionizing radiation or iodinated contrast media,and more recently,by application of several functional imaging techniques(i.e.,diffusion-weighted sequences,hepatobiliary contrast agents,perfusion imaging,magnetic resonance(MR)-elastography,and radiomics analysis). MR functional imaging techniques are extensively used both in routine practice and in the field of clinical and pre-clinical research because,through a qualitative rather than quantitative approach,they can offer valuable information about tumor tissue and tissue architecture,cellular biomarkers related to the hepatocellular functions,or tissue vascularization profiles related to tumor and tissue biology. This kind of approach offers in vivo physiological parameters,capable of evaluating physiological and pathological modifications of tissues,by the analysis of quantitative data that could be used in tumor detection,characterization,treatmentselection,and follow-up,in addition to those obtained from standard morphological imaging. In this review we provide an overview of recent advanced techniques in MR for the diagnosis and staging of hepatocellular carcinoma,and their role in the assessment of response treatment evaluation.

关键词： Liver Cirrhosis Hepatocellular carcinoma Magnetic resonance Transarterial chemoembolization Contrast media

Cannabinoids drive Th17 cell differentiation in patients with rheumatic autoimmune diseases

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第3期18卷 764-766页

作者： Konstantin Kotschenreuther Iris Waque Shuaifeng Yan Anja Meyer Thom Haak Julia von Tresckow Joanna Schiller Lydia Gloyer Mara Dittrich-Salamon David M.Kofler laboratory of Molecular Immunology and division of clinical Immunology and Rheumatology University of CologneCologneGermany departmentⅠof Internal Medicine University of CologneCologneGermany

The legalization of cannabinoids for medical use has reinforced their emerging role as a treatment of chronic pain in patients with cancer or rheumatic diseases.1,2 In addition to their role as pain relievers,evidence obtained from animal models suggests that cannabinoids have immunosuppressive properties.3 However,a definite immunosuppressive function of cannabinoids has not yet been confirmed in clinical trials.

关键词： rheumatic Th17 patients

Methods of computed tomography screening and management of lung cancer in Tianjin: design of a population-based cohort study

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2019年第1期16卷 181-188页

作者： Yihui Du Yingru Zhao Grigory Sidorenkov Geertruida H.de Bock Xiaonan Cui Yubei Huang Monique D.Dorrius Mieneke Rook Harry J.M.Groen Marjolein A.Heuvelmans Rozemarijn Vliegenthart Kexin Chen Xueqian Xie Shiyuan Liu Matthijs Oudkerk Zhaoxiang Ye department of Epidemiology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Center for Medical Imaging-North East Netherlands University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen department of radiology Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Tianjin Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Tianjin Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer department of radiology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen department of radiology Martini Hospital department of Pulmonary Diseases University of Groningen University Medical Centre Groningen Medisch Spectrum Twente Department of Pulmonology department of radiology Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine department of radiology Shanghai Changzheng Hospital The Second Military Medical University Shanghai

Objective: European lung cancer screening studies using computed tomography(CT) have shown that a management protocol based on measuring lung nodule volume and volume doubling time(VDT) is more specific for early lung cancer detection than a diameter-based protocol. However, whether this also applies to a Chinese population is unclear. The aim of this study is to compare the diagnostic performance of a volume-based protocol with a diameter-based protocol for lung cancer detection and optimize the nodule management criteria for a Chinese ***: This study has a population-based, prospective cohort design and includes 4000 participants from the Hexi district of Tianjin, China. Participants will undergo low-dose chest CT at baseline and after 1 year. Initially, detected lung nodules will be evaluated for diameter and managed according to a routine diameter-based protocol(clinical Practice Guideline in Oncology for Lung Cancer Screening, Version 2.2018). Subsequently, lung nodules will be evaluated for volume and management will be simulated according to a volume-based protocol and VDT(a European lung nodule management protocol). Participants will be followed up for 4 years to evaluate lung cancer incidence and mortality. The primary outcome is the diagnostic performance of the European volume-based protocol compared to diameter-based management regarding lung nodules detected using low-dose ***: The diagnostic performance of volume-and diameter-based management for lung nodules in a Chinese population will be estimated and ***: Through the study, we expect to improve the management of lung nodules and early detection of lung cancer in Chinese populations.

关键词： Lung cancer lung nodules screening computed tomography China