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Relationship between body surface area and ALT normalization after long-term lamivudine treatment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第44期11卷 6948-6953页

作者： Makoto Nakamuta Shusuke Morizono Yuichi Tanabe Eiji Kajiwara Junya Shimono Akihide Masumoto Toshihiro Maruyama Norihiro Furusyo Hideyuki Nomura Hironori Sakai Kazuhiro Takahashi Koichi Azuma Shinji Shimoda Kazuhiro Kotoh Munechika Enjoji Jun Hayashi Kyushu University liver Disease Study Group department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science department of Medicine department of Internal Medicine department of clinical Research department of Environmental Medicine and Infectious Diseases department of Gastroenterology department of Medicine and clinical Science department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science

AIM： To further evaluate the relationship between BSA and the effects of lamivudine in a greater number of cases and over a longer period of observation than in our previous evaluation. METHODS： We evaluated 249 patients with chronic hepatitis B. The effects of treatment for one year （n = 249）, two years （n = 147）, and three years （n = 72） were evaluated from the levels of serum ALT and HBVoDNA, as biological and virological effects （undetectable levels by PCR）, respectively. Moreover, several variables that could influence the response to treatment, including ALT, albumin, bilirubin, platelet counts, BSA, HBVoDNA, and HBeAg were analyzed. RESULTS： For 1-year treatment, multivariate analysis revealed that BSA （P = 0.0002） was the only factor for the biological effect, and that ALT （P = 0.0017）, HBV- DNA （P = 0.0004）, and HBeAg （P = 0.0021） were independent factors for the virological effect. For 2-year treatment, multivariate analysis again showed that BSA （P = 0.0147） was the only factor for the biological effect, and that ALT （P = 0.0192） and HBeAg （P = 0.0428） were independent factors for the virological effect. For 3-year treatment, multivariate analysis, however, could not reveal BSA （P = 0.0730） as a factor for the normalization of ALT levels. CONCLUSION： BSA is a significant predictor for the normalizing the effect of lamivudine therapy on ALT for an initial 2-year period, suggesting that lamivudine dosage should be based on the individual BSA.

关键词： Lamivudine Hepatitis B virus Body surface area Dose Long-term treatment

MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1957-1970页

作者： Bridget Martinez Philip V.Peplow department of Pharmacology University of Nevada-RenoRenoNVUSA department of Medicine University of Nevada-RenoRenoNVUSA department of Anatomy University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand

Post-traumatic stress disorder is a mental disorder caused by exposure to severe traumatic life ***,there are no validated biomarkers or laboratory tests that can distinguish between trauma survivors with and without post-traumatic stress *** addition,the heterogeneity of clinical presentations of post-traumatic stress disorder and the overlap of symptoms with other conditions can lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate *** suggests that this condition is a multisystem disorder that affects many biological systems,raising the possibility that peripheral markers of disease may be used to diagnose post-traumatic stress *** performed a PubMed search for microRNAs(miRNAs)in post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)that could serve as diagnostic biomarkers and found 18 original research articles on studies performed with human patients and published January 2012 to December *** included four studies with whole blood,seven with peripheral blood mononuclear cells,four with plasma extracellular vesicles/exosomes,and one with serum *** of these studies had also used whole *** studies were excluded as they did not involve microRNA *** of the studies had collected samples from adult male Veterans who had returned from deployment and been exposed to combat,and only two were from recently traumatized adult *** measuring miRNA expression levels,many of the studies had used microarray miRNA analysis,miRNA Seq analysis,or NanoString *** six studies had used real time polymerase chain reaction assay to determine/validate miRNA expression in PTSD subjects compared to *** miRNAs that were found/validated in these studies may be considered as potential candidate biomarkers for PTSD and include miR-3130-5p in whole blood;miR-193a-5p,-7113-5p,-125a,-181c,and-671-5p in peripheral blood mononuclear cells;miR-10b-5p,-203a-3p,-4488,-502-3p,-874-3p,-5100,and-7641 in plasma extracellular vesicles/

关键词： biomarker diagnosis microRNA peripheral blood mononuclear cells plasma extracellular vesicles/exosomes post-traumatic stress disorder serum exosomes whole blood whole plasma

MicroRNAs as potential diagnostic biomarkers for bipolar disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1681-1695页

Abnormal expression of microRNAs is connected to brain development and disease and could provide novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of bipolar disorder. We performed a PubMed search for microRNA biomarkers in bipolar disorder and found 18 original research articles on studies performed with human patients and published from January 2011 to June 2023. These studies included microRNA profiling in bloodand brain-based materials. From the studies that had validated the preliminary findings,potential candidate biomarkers for bipolar disorder in adults could be miR-140-3p,-30d-5p,-330-5p,-378a-5p,-21-3p,-330-3p,-345-5p in whole blood, miR-19b-3p,-1180-3p,-125a-5p, let-7e-5p in blood plasma, and miR-7-5p,-23b-5p,-142-3p,-221-5p,-370-3p in the blood serum. Two of the studies had investigated the changes in microRNA expression of patients with bipolar disorder receiving treatment. One showed a significant increase in plasma miR-134 compared to baseline after 4 weeks of treatment which included typical antipsychotics, atypical antipsychotics, and benzodiazepines. The other study had assessed the effects of prescribed medications which included neurotransmitter receptorsite binders(drug class B) and sedatives, hypnotics, anticonvulsants, and analgesics(drug class C) on microRNA results. The combined effects of the two drug classes increased the significance of the results for miR-219 and-29c with miR-30e-3p and-526b* acquiring significance. MicroRNAs were tested to see if they could serve as biomarkers of bipolar disorder at different clinical states of mania, depression, and euthymia. One study showed that upregulation in whole blood of miR-9-5p,-29a-3p,-106a-5p,-106b-5p,-107,-125a-3p,-125b-5p and of miR-107,-125a-3p occurred in manic and euthymic patients compared to controls, respectively, and that upregulation of miR-106a-5p,-107 was found for manic compared to euthymic patients. In two other studies using blood plasma,downregulation of miR-134 was observed i

关键词： biomarker bipolar disorder blood leukocytes blood plasma blood plasma extracellular vesicles/exosomes blood serum brain tissue brain tissue extracellular vesicles/exosomes lymphoblastoid cell lines microRNA neural progenitor cells whole blood

Diagnostic accuracy of serum biochemical fibrosis markers in children with chronic hepatitis B evaluated by receiver operating characteristics analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第45期11卷 7192-7196页

作者： Dariusz Marek Lebensztejn Elzbieta Skiba Jolanta Tobolczyk Maria Elzbieta Sobaniec-Lotowska Maciej Kaczmarski Ⅲrd department of Pediatrics department of Children Allergology department of clinical Pathomorphology

METHODS： We determined the serum level of apolipoprotein A-I （APO A-I）, haptoglobin （HPT） and a-2 macroglobulin （A2I） with an automatic nephelometer in 63 children （age range 4-17 years, mean 10 years） with biopsy-verified chronic HBeAg-positive hepatitis B. Fibrosis stage and inflammation grade were assessed in a blinded fashion according to Batts and Ludwig. We defined mild liver fibrosis as a score ≤2 and advanced fibrosis as a score equal to 3. ROC analysis was used to calculate the power of the assays to detect advanced liver fibrosis （AccuROC, Canada）. RESULTS： Serum concentrations of APO A-I, HPT and A2M were not significantly different in patients with chronic hepatitis B compared to controls. However, APO A-I level of 1.19 ng/L had a sensitivity of 85.7% and a specificity of 60.7% （AUC = 0.7117, P = 0.035） to predict advanced fibrosis. All other serum biochemical markers and their combination did not allow a useful prediction. None of these markers was a good predictor of histologic inflammation. CONCLUSION： Apolipoprotein A-I may be a suitable serum marker to predict advanced liver fibrosis in children with chronic hepatitis B.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B Liver fibrosis Children Apolipoprotein A-I Haptoglobin a-2 macroglobulin

Classification of natural products as sources of drugs according to the biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system(BDDCS)

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2016年第12期14卷 888-897页

作者： LI Ji Caroline A.Larregieu Leslie *** department of clinical Pharmacy School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University department of Bioengineering & Therapeutic Science University of California

Natural products(NPs) are compounds that are derived from natural sources such as plants, animals, and microisms. Therapeutics has benefited from numerous drug classes derived from natural product sources. The Biopharmaceutics Drug position Classification System(BDDCS) was proposed to serve as a basis for predicting the importance of transporters and enzymes in determining drug bioavailability and disposition. It categorizes drugs into one of four biopharmaceutical classes according to their water solubility and extent of metabolism. The present paper reviews 109 drugs from natural product sources: 29% belong to class 1(high solubility, extensive metabolism), 22% to class 2(low solubility, extensive metabolism), 40% to class 3(high solubility, poor metabolism), and 9% to class 4(low solubility, poor metabolism). Herein we evaluated the characteristics of NPs in terms of BDDCS class for all 109 drugs as wells as for subsets of NPs drugs derived from plant sources as antibiotics. In the 109 NPs drugs, we piled 32 drugs from plants, 50%(16) of total in class 1, 22%(7) in class 2 and 28%(9) in class 3, none found in class 4; Meantime, the antibiotics were found 5(16%) in class 2, 22(71%) in class 3, and 4(13%) in class 4; no drug was found in class 1. Based on this classification, we anticipate BDDCS to serve as a useful adjunct in evaluating the potential characteristics of new natural products.

关键词： Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System(BDDCS) Natural products(NPs) Dose number Solubility and extent of metabolism

The reason for the amelioration of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced retinitis pigmentosa in rats by hydrogen-rich saline

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第10期10卷 1495-1503页

作者： Wei-Ming Yan Tao Chen Xiao-Cheng Wang Lin-Song Qi Guan-Hua Zhao Guo-Qing Yang Yi-Fei Ma Ye Tao Lei Zhang Zuo-Ming Zhang department of clinical Medicine Faculty of Aerospace MedicineKey Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of the National Education Ministrythe Fourth Military Medical University department of Health Service Faculty of Aerospacethe Fourth Military Medical University department of Aviation Physical examination and Ophthalmology Air Force General Hospital department of Ophthalmology General Hospital of Chinese PLAOphthalmology &Visual Science Key Lab of PLA

AIM：To investigate the effects of hydrogen-rich saline（HRS）on microglia activation and Sirtuin type 1（Sirt1）in rats with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea（MNU）-induced retinitis pigmentosa（RP）.METHODS：Rats were divided into norm（N）group,model（M）group and HRS（H）*** in M and H groups were given saline and HRS respectively prior to and after administration of *** one day（d1）and d3 afterwards,electroretinogram and histological examination were performed to confirm the effects of HRS on retinal function and structure of MNU-induced *** staining of anti-ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1（Iba1）,a maker of microglia cells,was performed,with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction（qRT-PCR）for its m RNA ***,Sirt1 m RNA and protein expression in the retinas were detected by Western blot and ***：HRS preserved the retinal function and mitigated the reduction of photoreceptor degeneration in MNU-treated *** presence of microglia cells was somewhat more obvious in H group than that in M group at *** suppressed the further activation of microglia cells,with the number of microglia cells less than that of M group at *** of qRT-PCR of Iba1 were consistent with those of immunofluorescence staining,with the m RNA expression of Iba1 in H group more intensive than that of M group at d1（P〈0.05）,while less than that of M group at d3（P〈0.05）.Furthermore,the Sirt1 m RNA and protein expression decreased after MNU administration,while HRS mitigated the MNU-induced downregulation of ***：HRS can effectively keep microglia activation induced by MNU to an appropriate extent,while upregulate Sirt1 in MNU-induced RP.

关键词： hydrogen hydrogen-rich saline electroretinogram microglia Sirtl retinitis pigmentosa

Esophageal cell proliferation in gastroesophageal reflux disease: clinical-morphological data before and after pantoprazole

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第8期15卷 936-941页

作者： Carlo Calabrese Davide Treré Giuseppina Liguori Veronica Gabusi Manuela Vici Giovanna Cenacchi Massimo Derenzini Giulio Di Febo department of clinical Medicine University of Bologna Bologna 40138 Italy department of Experimental Pathology Clinical Pathology University of Bologna Bologna 40138 Italy clinical department of Radiologic and Histopathologic Sciences University of Bologna Bologna 40138 Italy

AIM: To evaluate esophageal mucosal defense mechanisms at an epithelial level to establish if pantoprazole treatment can induce ultrastructural healing and improvement in the proliferation activity of the esophageal epithelium in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). METHODS: This was a single-blinded study for pHmonitoring, and histological, ultrastructural and MIB1 immunostaining evaluation. Fifty eight patients with GERD were enrolled and underwent 24 h pH-monitoring and endoscopy. Patients were treated for 12 and 24 mo with pantoprazole. Esophageal specimens were taken for histological and ultrastructural evaluation, before and after the treatment. RESULTS: With transmission electron microscopy, all patients with GERD showed ultrastructural signs of damage with dilation of intercellular spaces (DIS). After 3 mo of therapy the mean DIS values showed asignificant reduction and the mean MIB1-LI values of GERD showed an increase in cell proliferation. A further 3 mo of therapy significantly increased cell proliferation only in the erosive esophagitis (ERD) group. CONCLUSION: Three months of pantoprazole therapy induced ultrastructural healing of mucosal damage in 89% and 93% of ERD and non-erosion patients, respectively. Moreover, long-term pantoprazole treatment may be helpful in increasing the capability for esophageal cell proliferation in GERD, particularly in ERD patients.

关键词： Gastroesophageal reflux disease Esophagitis Cell proliferation Electron microscopy Pantoprazole

Effects of Radix Ginseng on microbial infections: a narrative review

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2014年第2期34卷 227-233页

作者： Hong Wu Niels Hфiby Liang Yang Michael Givskov Zhijun Song department of International Health Immunology & MicrobiologyUniversity of Copenhagen department of clinical Microbiology Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering Nanyang Technological University department of clinical Microbiology RigshospitaletUniversity Hospital of Copenhagen department of clinical Microbiology Slagelse Hospital

OBJECTIVE: To summarized the antimicrobial-like effects of Radix Ginseng, which provide important information to the relevant researchers and clinicians, and will benefit the clinical treatment of infectious ***: PubMed and Google were used to search for and collect scientific publications related to Radix Ginseng and microbial infections. The authors read, classified, and discussed the associated scientific results or evidences, and summarized the corresponding ***: In this review, recent studies on the bene-ficial effects of Radix Ginseng extracts on microbial and biofilm infections were reviewed. The importance and significance of Radix Ginseng's beneficial effects are discussed. Evidence for the favorable effects of Radix Ginseng extracts on viral, bacterial,fungal, and parasitic infections and the possible underlying mechanisms are ***: Radix Ginseng might be a promising supplemental remedy for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases.

关键词： Radix Ginseng Viruses Bacteria Fungi Biofilms Parasitology Review

Low circulating levels of gastrin-17 in patients with Barrett's esophagus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第38期11卷 5988-5992页

作者： Pentti Sipponen Matti Vauhkonen Timo Helske Ilpo Kriinen Matti Hrknen Division of Pathology department Internal Medicine department of clinical Chemistry

AIM: To examine whether the fasting levels of serum gastrin-17 (G-17) are lower in Barrett's esophagus (BE)patients than in non-Barrett ***: Nineteen patients with BE (presenting with a tubular segment ≥2 cm long in lower esophagus and intestinal metaplasia of incomplete type ('specialized columnar epithelium') in endoscopic biopsies from the tubular segment below the squamocolumnar junction were collected prospectively from outpatients referred to diagnostic gastroscopy. The controls comprised 199 prospectively collected dyspeptic outpatients without BE or any endoscopically visible lesions in the upper GI *** levels of serum G-17 (G-17fast) were assayed with an EIA test using a Mab highly specific to amidated G-17. None of the patients and controls received therapy with PPIs or other antisecretory ***: The mean and median levels of G-17fast in serum were significantly lower (P = 0.001) in BE patients than in controls. The positive likelihood ratios (LR+) of low G-17fast to predict BE in the whole study population at G-17fast levels ＜0.5, ＜1, or ＜1.5 pmol/L were 3.5, 3.0,and 2.8, respectively. Among patients and controls with healthy stomach mucosa, the LR+ were 5.6, 3.8, and 2.6,respectively. In the whole study population, serum G-17 was below 2 pmol/L in 15 of 19 BE patients (79%). The corresponding prevalence was 66 of 199 (33%) in controls (P＜0.001). The G-17fast was 5 pmol/L or more in only one of the 19 BE patients (5%). In controls, 76 of the 199 patients (38%) had such high serum G-17fast levels (P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Serum levels of G-17fast tend to be lower in native patients with BE than in healthy controls.

关键词： Gastrin-17 Barrett's esophagus Chronic gastritis Atrophic gastritis Diagnostics