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Epidemiological Characteristics of Human Rabies——Shandong Province,China,2010-2020

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China CDC weekly 2022年第35期4卷 793-797页

作者： Xiaomei Zhang Xueying Tian Bo Pang Zhiqiang Wang Wenji Zhai Xiaolin Jiang Zengqiang Kou Shujun Ding Xianjun Wang Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of communicable disease control and prevention Department of Communicable Disease Control and PreventionShandong Center for Disease Control and PreventionJinanShandongChina

Introduction:Rabies is a viral zoonotic disease that causes progressive and fatal inflammation in the brain.Rabies has caused more than 5,000 human deaths in Shandong Province since 1955.This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human rabies in Shandong Province from 2010 to 2020 and to provide a scientific basis for policy changes.Methods:The data of reported human rabies cases from 2010 to 2020 were obtained from China’s National Notifiable disease Reporting System,and data related to exposure and post-exposure prophylaxis(PEP)of the cases were acquired through case investigation.Results:A total of 414 human rabies cases were reported in Shandong Province from 2010 to 2020.Out of the 414 total cases,87.20%were primarily farmers;83.10%were over 40 years old.70.29%(265/377)belonged to categoryⅢexposure;and 96.67%(377/390)were exposed to the virus through infected dogs.The vaccine inoculation rate of these cases after exposure was only 8.85%;1.03%(4/390)had been vaccinated with rabies immunoglobulin,developing the disease 11 to 13 days after categoryⅢexposure.Conclusions:Dogs were still the primary animal hosts.Most rabies patients died due to no or inadequate post-exposure prophylaxis.Vaccine inoculation rates for dogs should reach the target of 70%as soon as possible.Health departments should improve the accessibility and quality of PEP;and improve the health literacy of the elderly in rural areas.

关键词： Shandong category policy

Genetic Insights into Glycine’s Protective Role Against CAD—European and East Asia,2015 and 2020

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China CDC weekly 2024年第9期6卷 168-172,I0003-I0008页

作者： Jiaying Yu Zhuolin Zhu Ting Wang Yuanhao Wei Lianjie Huang Qianru Zhang Yuting Zhang Yiran Wang Guiyou Liu Xiang Shu Rennan Feng department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene School of Public HealthHarbin Medical UniversityHarbin CityHeilongjiang ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health of Ministry of Education School of Public HealthHarbin Medical UniversityHarbin CityHeilongjiang ProvinceChina Songyang County Center for disease prevention and control Songyang CityZhejiang Province China department of Neurology Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew York CityNYUSA

Introduction:The purpose of this study is to examine the potential causal relationship between levels of circulating glycine and coronary artery disease(CAD)using a two-step Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis.Methods:We analyzed data from genome-wide association studies(GWAS)conducted on European and East Asian populations.To assess the causal effects of circulating glycine levels on the risk of CAD.We used the inverse-variance weighting(IVW),weighted median(WM),MR-Egger,and Mendelian Randomization Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier(MR-PRESSO)methods.Furthermore,we conducted mediation analysis to investigate the contribution of blood pressure and other cardiovascular disease-related traits.Results:The two-step Mendelian randomization analysis revealed that higher levels of glycine in the blood were associated with a reduced risk of CAD in Europeans[odds ratio(OR)=0.84,95%confidence interval(CI):0.72,−0.98;P=0.029]and East Asians:(OR=0.76,95%CI:0.66,−0.89;P=3.57×10−4).Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of these findings.Additionally,our results suggest that about 6.06%of the observed causal effect is mediated through genetically predicted systolic blood pressure(SBP)in the European population.Discussion:Our results contribute to the current knowledge regarding the involvement of glycine in the progression of CAD,and provide valuable methodological insights for the prevention and treatment of this condition.

关键词： CAD prevention involvement

Knowledge of Cervical Cancer and HPV,and Willingness to Receive HPV Vaccination Among 20–45-Year-Old Women—Six Provinces,China,2018

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China CDC weekly 2023年第9期5卷 201-205页

作者： Di Gao Gengli Zhao Jiangli Di Xiaosong Zhang Linhong Wang department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Peking University First HospitalBeijingChina National Centre for Women and Children’s Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina National Center for chronic and non-communicable disease control and prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?Cervical cancer is a significant public health problem with approximately 570,000 cases and 311,000 deaths occurring in 2018 globally.It is imperative to raise awareness of cervical cancer and human papillomavirus(HPV).What is added by this report?Compared to previous studies,this is one of the largest cross-sectional studies of cervical cancer and HPV in Chinese adult females in recent years.We found that knowledge level of cervical cancer and HPV vaccine was still inadequate among women aged 20–45 years old,and the willingness to receive HPV vaccination was highly associated with knowledge level.What are the implications for public health practice?Intervention programs should aim to improve awareness and knowledge about cervical cancer and HPV vaccines,primarily focusing on women of lower socio-economic status.

关键词： Cervical knowledge globally

Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals transcript enrichment in oxidative phosphorylation,fluid sheer stress,and inflammatory pathways in obesity-related glomerulopathy

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Genes & diseases 2024年第4期11卷 314-326页

作者： Yinyin Chen Yushun Gong Jia Zou Guoli Li Fan Zhang Yiya Yang Yumei Liang Wenni Dai Liyu He Hengcheng Lu department of Nephrology Hunan Provincial People's HospitalThe First Affliated Hospital of Hunan Normal UniversityHunan Clinical Research Center for Chronic Kidney DiseaseChangshaHunan 410000China department of Nephrology The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityHunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood PurificationChangshaHunan 410011China Cardiovascular Research Institute of Jiangxi Province Jiangxi Provincial People's HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical CollegeNanchangJiangxi 330006China

Obesity-related glomerulopathy(ORG)is an independent risk factor for chronic kid-ney disease and even progression to end-stage renal disease.Efforts have been undertaken to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the development of ORG and substantial advances have been made in the treatment of ORG,but relatively little is known about cell-specific changes in gene expression.To define the transcriptomic landscape at single-cell resolution,we analyzed kidney samples from four patients with ORG and three obese control subjects without kidney disease using single-cell RNA sequencing.We report for the first time that immune cells,including T cells and B cells,are decreased in ORG patients.Further analysis indicated that SPP1 was significantly up-regulated in T cells and B cells.This gene is related to inflammation and cell proliferation.Analysis of differential gene expression in glomerular cells(endothelial cells,mesangial cells,and podocytes)showed that these cell types were mainly enriched in genes related to oxidative phosphorylation,cell adhesion,thermogenesis,and inflammatory pathways(PI3K-Akt signaling,MAPK signaling).Furthermore,we found that the podocytes of ORG patients were enriched in genes related to the fluid shear stress pathway.Moreover,an evaluation of cell-cell communications revealed that there were interactions between glomerular parietal epithelial cells and other cells in ORG patients,with major interactions between parietal epithelial cells and podocytes.Altogether,our identification of molecular events,cell types,and differentially expressed genes may facilitate the development of new preventive or therapeutic approaches for ORG.

关键词： Fluid shear stress Inflammation Obesity-related glomerulopathy Oxidative phosphorylation Single-cell RNA seq

Relationships between blood chromium exposure and liver injury:Exploring the mediating role of systemic inflammation in a chromate-exposed population

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 224-234页

作者： Zekang Su Yali Zhang Shiyi Hong Qiaojian Zhang Jiayu Xu Guiping Hu Xiaojun Zhu Fang Yuan Shanfa Yu Tianchen Wang Guang Jia department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Engineering Medicine and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China National Center for Occupational Safety and Health Beijing 102308China department of Occupational Health and Radiological Health Chongqing Centers for Disease Control and PreventionChongqing 400042China Henan Institute for Occupational Medicine Zhengzhou 450052China department of Clinical Laboratory Third Hospital of Peking UniversityBeijing 100191China

Hexavalent chromium and its compounds are prevalent pollutants,especially in the work environment,pose a significant risk for multisystem toxicity and cancers.While it is known that chromium accumulation in the liver can cause damage,the dose-response relationship between blood chromium(Cr)and liver injury,as well as the possible potential toxic mechanisms involved,remains poorly understood.To address this,we conducted a follow-up study of 590 visits from 305 participants to investigate the associations of blood Cr with biomarkers for liver injury,including serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),total bilirubin(TBIL),and direct bilirubin(DBIL),and to evaluate the mediating effects of systemic inflammation.Platelet(PLT)and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)were utilized as biomarkers of systemic inflammation.In the linear mixed-effects analyses,each 1-unit increase in blood Cr level was associated with estimated effect percentage increases of 0.82%(0.11%,1.53%)in TBIL,1.67%(0.06%,3.28%)in DBIL,0.73%(0.04%,1.43%)in ALT and 2.08%(0.29%,3.87%)in AST,respectively.Furthermore,PLT mediated 10.04%,11.35%,and 10.77%increases in TBIL,DBIL,and ALT levels induced by chromate,respectively.In addition,PLR mediated 8.26%and 15.58%of the association between blood Cr and TBIL or ALT.These findings shed light on the mechanisms underlying blood Cr-induced liver injury,which is partly due to worsening systemic inflammation.

关键词： Blood chromate Liver injury Systemic inflammation Mediation analysis

Loss of life expectancy due to stroke and its subtypes in urban and rural areas in China,2005-2020

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2023年第5期8卷 349-357页

作者： Zixin Wang Wei Liu Yi Ren Chen Zhang Jia Yang Lijun Wang Maigeng Zhou Peng Yin Junwei Hao Qingfeng Ma department of Neurology Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina National Center for Neurological Disorders BeijingChina National Center for chronic and non-communicable disease control and prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Stroke is characterised by high mortality and disability rate in China.This study aimed to explore the temporal trends in years of life lost(YLL)and loss of life expectancy due to stroke and its subtypes in urban and rural areas in China during 2005-2020.Data were obtained from China National Mortality Surveillance System.Abbreviated life and stroke-eliminated life tables were generated to calculate loss of life expectancy.The YLL and loss of life expectancy due to stroke in urban and rural areas at both national and provincial level during 2005-2020 were estimated.In China,the age-standardised YLL rate due to stroke and its subtypes were higher in rural areas than in urban areas.The YLL rate due to stroke showed a downward trend in both urban and rural residents from 2005 to 2020,decreased by 39.9%and 21.5%,respectively.Loss of life expectancy caused by stroke decreased from 1.75 years to 1.70 years from 2005 to 2020.During which,loss of life expectancy due to intracerebral haemorrhage(ICH)decreased from 0.94 years to 0.65 years,while that of ischaemic stroke(IS)increased from 0.62 years to 0.86 years.A slightly upward trend was observed in loss of life expectancy caused by subarachnoid haemorrhage(SAH),from 0.05 years to 0.06 years.Loss of life expectancy due to ICH and SAH was always higher in rural areas than in urban areas,whereas that of IS was higher in urban areas than in rural areas.Rural males suffered the greatest loss of life expectancy due to ICH and SAH,while the highest loss of life expectancy caused by IS was found in urban females.Furthermore,Heilongjiang(2.25 years),Tibet(2.17 years)and Jilin(2.16 years)were found to have the highest loss of life expectancy caused by stroke in 2020.Loss of life expectancy caused by ICH and SAH was higher in western China,while the disease burden of IS was heavier in northeast China.Stroke remains a major public health problem in China,although the age-standardised YLL rate and loss of life expectancy due to stroke decreased.Evidence-based strategies should be co

关键词： urban expect tables

Coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and other respiratory pathogens in children

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期20卷 92-96页

作者： Wei Li Bing-Han Wang Bao-Hai Chen Yi Sun Lin Li Wen-Qing Xiang Ahmed Faisal Ali Lin-Xuan Su Hai-Yan Mao Hong-Qiang Shen Qiang Shu department of Clinical Laboratory Children's HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina School of Public Health Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina department of Information Center Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Zhejiang Provincial Center for disease control and prevention HangzhouChina department of Thoracic&Cardiovascular Surgery Children's HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina

Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),the entire world has been affected by the epidemic[1,2].On November 9,2021,a variant of the novel coronavirus B.1.1.529 was detected for the first time from case samples in South Africa.The Omicron strain spread and mutated significantly fast.This variant has the characteristics of escape immunity,which can induce relatively extreme disease and reduce the neutralization of antibodies in vaccinators,and is more likely to be reinfected[3,4].The clinical presentation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCoV-2)in children has mild symptoms and a lower risk of hospitalization and death.

关键词： respiratory immunity acute

SiO_(2) Induces Iron Overload and Ferroptosis in Cardiomyocytes in a Silicosis Mouse Model

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期37卷 617-627页

作者： Yongheng Wang Ning Li Yi Guan Tong LI Yuxiu Zhang Hong Cao Zhihua Yu Zhiheng Li Shuoyan Li Jiahao Hu Wenxin Zhou Sisi Qin Shuang Li Sanqiao Yao School of Public Health North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshan 063210HebeiChina Hebei Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety for Coal Industry North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshan 063210HebeiChina Occupational disease prevention and control Institute of Jinneng Holding Coal Industry Group Co. LtdDatong 037001ShanxiChina China Pingmei Shenma Group Occupational disease prevention and control Hospital Pingdingshan 467000HenanChina School of Public Health Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang 453003HenanChina

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the role and mechanism of ferroptosis in SiO_(2)-induced cardiac injury using a mouse model.Methods Male C57BL/6 mice were intratracheally instilled with SiO_(2) to create a silicosis model.Ferrostatin-1(Fer-1)and deferoxamine(DFO)were used to suppress ferroptosis.Serum biomarkers,oxidative stress markers,histopathology,iron content,and the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins were assessed.Results SiO_(2) altered serum cardiac injury biomarkers,oxidative stress,iron accumulation,and ferroptosis markers in myocardial tissue.Fer-1 and DFO reduced lipid peroxidation and iron overload,and alleviated SiO_(2)-induced mitochondrial damage and myocardial injury.SiO_(2) inhibited Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)and its downstream antioxidant genes,while Fer-1 more potently reactivated Nrf2 compared to DFO.Conclusion Iron overload-induced ferroptosis contributes to SiO_(2)-induced cardiac injury.Targeting ferroptosis by reducing iron accumulation or inhibiting lipid peroxidation protects against SiO_(2) cardiotoxicity,potentially via modulation of the Nrf2 pathway.

关键词： SiO_(2)exposure Iron overload Ferroptosis Cardiac injury Nrf2

non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and sleep disorders

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 304-315页

作者： Lu-Fang Bu Chong-Yu Xiong Jie-Yi Zhong Yan Xiong Dong-Ming Li Fen-Fang Hong Shu-Long Yang department of Physiology Fuzhou Medical CollegeNanchang UniversityFuzhou 344000Jiangxi ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of chronic diseases Fuzhou Medical UniversityFuzhou 344000Jiangxi ProvinceChina Technology Innovation Center of chronic disease Research in Fuzhou City Fuzhou Science and Technology BureauFuzhou 344000Jiangxi ProvinceChina Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology College of MedicineNanchang UniversityNanchang 330006Jiangxi ProvinceChina

Studies have shown that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)may be associated with sleep disorders.In order to explore the explicit relationship between the two,we systematically reviewed the effects of sleep disorders,especially obstructive sleep apnea(OSA),on the incidence of NAFLD,and analyzed the possible mechanisms after adjusting for confounding factors.NAFLD is independently associated with sleep disorders.Different sleep disorders may be the cause of the onset and aggravation of NAFLD.An excessive or insufficient sleep duration,poor sleep quality,insomnia,sleep-wake disorders,and OSA may increase the incidence of NAFLD.Despite that some research suggests a unidirectional causal link between the two,specifically,the onset of NAFLD is identified as a result of changes in sleep characteristics,and the reverse relationship does not hold true.Nevertheless,there is still a lack of specific research elucidating the reasons behind the higher risk of developing sleep disorders in individuals with NAFLD.Further research is needed to establish a clear relationship between NAFLD and sleep disorders.This will lay the groundwork for earlier identification of potential patients,which is crucial for earlier monitoring,diagnosis,effective prevention,and treatment of NAFLD.

关键词： non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Sleep duration Sleep quality Sleep disorders Obstructive sleep apnea