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Random Differential Settlement Effects on Reliability of Existing Bridges

Journal of Civil engineering and Architecture 2024年第2期18卷 60-68页

作者： Zuo-Cai Wang department of Civil engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009Anhui ProvinceChina

This paper investigates the impact of differential foundation settlement on the reliability of bridge superstructure based on loads and resistances statistical properties in Missouri State.Maximum deterministic differential settlement is often used in current AASHTO LRFD(load and resistance factored design)specification.However,the expected foundation settlement is quite different from the actual settlement due to the soil’s large variability.Therefore,it makes sense to consider settlement as a random variable.In this paper,a lognormal distribution with coefficient of variation of 0.25 of random settlement is considered in reliability analysis based on limited previous studies.Dead and live loads are modeled as random variables with normal and Gumbel Type I distributions,respectively.Considering the regional traffic condition on Missouri roadways,the live load effect on existing bridges based on weight-in-motion data is also investigated.The calibrated resistance statistical properties such as bias and COV(coefficient of variance)are used for reliability analysis.Total 14 existing bridges based on Strength I Limit State are analyzed.Since no differential settlement is considered in the past designed bridges in Missouri,small differential settlement can significantly reduce the reliability indices of the superstructure,depending upon the span length and rigidity of the girder.The analysis results also show that the reliability of existing steel-girder bridges is consistently higher than prestressed concrete and solid slab bridges;the shorter and stiffer the spans,the more significant the settlement’s effect on the reliability of bridge superstructures;As the span length ratio becomes less than 0.75,the girder and solid slab bridges’reliability drops significantly at small settlements.

关键词： Bridges superstructure LRFD

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2D black arsenic phosphorous

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第3期45卷 1-3页

作者： Junchuan Liang Yi Hu Liming Ding Zhong Jin Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry(MoE) School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Center for Excellence in Nanoscience(CAS) Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication(CAS)National Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China

Since the successful exfoliation of graphene in 2014,twodimensional(2D)materials have explosively increased in the past few years[1].2D pnictogen materials with intriguing properties beyond graphene are gradually coming into eyesight,such as black phosphorous(BP)[2],arsenene[3],antimonene[4],bismuthine[5],etc.BP is a star material in 2D materials.

关键词： materials graphene bismuth

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CO_(2)-elevated cell-free protein synthesis

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2022年第3期7卷 911-917页

作者： Xiaomei Lin Caijin Zhou Ting Wang Xiaoting Huang Junxin Chen Zhixia Li Jisong Zhang Yuan Lu Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of EducationDepartment of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China The State Key Lab of chemical engineering Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

Gases are the vital nutrition of all organisms as the precursor of metabolism pathways.As a potential biological process,protein synthesis is inevitably regulated by gas transport and utilization.However,the effect of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))present in many metabolic pathways on protein synthesis has not been studied well.In this work,carbon dioxide combined with oxygen was employed for cell-free protein synthesis(CFPS)in the tube-in-tube reactor with precise control of gas concentration.In this in vitro system,gases could directly affect the protein synthesis process without transmembrane transport.Varied concentrations of carbon dioxide(0-1%)and constant oxygen concentration(21%)were employed for CFPS to assess the effects.The cell-free reactions with 0.3%CO_(2) and 21%O_(2) showed the highest protein yields.The combined effect of CO_(2) and O_(2) also resulted in relatively high protein expression under high oxygen conditions(0.3%CO_(2) and 100%O_(2)).Moreover,metabolomics assays were performed to gain insight into metabolic changes,which showed that CO_(2) slightly improved energy metabolism and redox balance.In particular,the extra supplied CO_(2) activated the decarboxylating reactions and removed toxic metabolites to recover the protein synthesis activity.The exploration of CO_(2) on protein synthesis could provide guiding implications for basic studies and biomanufacturing.

关键词： Cell-free protein synthesis Carbon dioxide Tube-in-tube reactor Metabolomics assay

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Exsolution of CoFe(Ru)nanoparticles in Ru-doped(La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2))_(0.9)Co_(0.1)Fe_(0.8)Ru_(0.1)O_(3−δ)for efficient oxygen evolution reaction

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Nano Research 2022年第8期15卷 6977-6986页

作者： Yi Liang Yu Cui Yang Chao Ning Han Jaka Sunarso Ping Liang Xin He Chi Zhang Shaomin Liu School of Applied Physics and materials Wuyi UniversityJiangmen 529020China department of materials engineering KU LeuvenLeuven 3001Belgium Research Centre for Sustainable Technologies Faculty of EngineeringComputing and ScienceSwinburne University of TechnologyJalan Simpang TigaKuching 93350SarawakMalaysia College of chemical engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

The rational modification of perovskite oxides(ABO3−δ)is essential to improve the efficiency and stability of oxygen electrolysis.Surface engineering represents a facile approach to modify perovskites for enhanced performance.Through compositional design and in situ exsolution,a Ru-doped(La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2))_(0.9)Co_(0.1)Fe_(0.8)Ru_(0.1)O_(3−δ)(LSCFR)perovskite anchored with CoFe(Ru)alloy particles on the surface was fabricated for oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in this work.Experimental results and calculations indicate that Ru-doping promotes the exsolution of CoFe(Ru)from the perovskite parent.Upon exsolution in the reduced atmosphere for 3 h,the catalyst(LSCFR-3)exhibited superior OER performance with an overpotential of 347 mV and a Tafel slope of 54.65 mV·dec^(−1),and showed good stability in contrast to the pristine LSCFR.The exsolution of CoFe(Ru)particles,Ru doping,and the increase of surface oxygen vacancies are responsible for the enhancement of OER performance.The findings obtained in this study highlight the possibility of controlling exsolution and composition of nanoparticles by element doping and prove that in situ exsolution is an effective strategy for designing OER catalysts.

关键词： perovskite oxides in situ exsolution oxygen evolution reactions CoFe nanoparticles B-site cation doping

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Recent advancements in hydrometallurgical recycling technologies of spent lithium-ion battery cathode materials

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 879-899页

作者： Juan Wu Li Xiao Li Shen Jian-Jun Ran Hui Zhong Yi-Rong Zhu Han Chen College of materials and Advanced Manufacturing Hunan University of TechnologyZhuzhou412007China School of Resources Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083China Guangdong JiaNa Energy Technology Company Qingyuan513000China

The rapidly increasing production of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)and their limited service time increases the number of spent LIBs,eventually causing serious environmental issues and resource wastage.From the perspectives of clean production and the development of the LIB industry,the effective recovery and recycling of spent LIBs require urgent solutions.This study provides an overview of the current hydrometallurgical processes employed in the recycling of spent cathode materials,focusing on the leaching of valuable metals and their postprocessing.In particular,this research reviews the various leaching systems(inorganic acid,organic acid,and ammonia)and the separation of valuable metals,and then,recommendations for subsequent study are offered in an attempt to contribute to the development of highly efficient methods for recycling spent cathode materials.In addition,a range of existing technologies,such as solvent extraction,chemical precipitation,electrochemical deposition,and regeneration,for the postprocessing of leaching solutions are summarized.Finally,the promising technologies,existing challenges and suggestions with respect to the development of effective and environmentally friendly recycling methods for handling spent cathode materials are identified.

关键词： Spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) Cathode material Hydrometallurgy Leaching Recycling

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Double-stretching as an effective and generalizable strategy towards thinner nanofibers in solution blow spinning

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Nano Research 2023年第4期16卷 5709-5714页

作者： Baopu Zhang Ziwei Li Zekun Cheng Lei Li Chong Yang Haiyang Wang Hui Wu State Key Laboratory of Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China department of chemical engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge 02139USA

Solution blow spinning(SBS)applies high-speed airflow to prepare fibers by generating a strong stretching force.It has the advantages of scalable production,tailorable morphologies,and wide applicability.Yet,the SBS strategy can hardly prepare fibers down to the sub-100 nanometers,which limits its performance in demanding applications.Herein,we overcome the limitation of SBS by introducing a second airflow.This novel strategy is termed double-stretching SBS(DS-SBS)because an extra stretching force is exerted on the fiber when it converges with the second airflow.Polyamide6 nanofibers with an average diameter of 80 nm are successfully prepared with the DS-SBS strategy,while the SBS strategy could only prepare submicron fibers with an average diameter of 120 nm.Further,the generality of the DS-SBS strategy to reduce fiber diameter is verified on numerous solute-solvent pairs.

关键词： nanofibers solution blow spinning double-stretching computational fluid dynamics

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Identification of chemical compositions from“featureless”optical absorption spectra:Machine learning predictions and experimental validations

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Nano Research 2023年第3期16卷 4188-4196页

作者： Tiankai Chen Jiali Li Pengfei Cai Qiaofeng Yao Zekun Ren Yixin Zhu Saif Khan Jianping Xie Xiaonan Wang department of chemical and Biomolecular engineering National University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 4Singapore 117585Singapore department of materials Science and engineering National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1Singapore 117575Singapore Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology(SMART) 1 CREATE WaySingapore 138602Singapore department of chemical engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Rapid and accurate chemical composition identification is critically important in chemistry.While it can be achieved with optical absorption spectrometry by comparing the experimental spectra with the reference data when the chemical compositions are simple,such application is limited in more complicated scenarios especially in nano-scale research.This is due to the difficulties in identifying optical absorption peaks(i.e.,from“featureless”spectra)arose from the complexity.In this work,using the ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis)absorption spectra of metal nanoclusters(NCs)as a demonstration,we develop a machine-learningbased method to unravel the compositions of metal NCs behind the“featureless”spectra.By implementing a one-dimensional convolutional neural network,good matches between prediction results and experimental results and low mean absolute error values are achieved on these optical absorption spectra that human cannot interpret.This work opens a door for the identification of nanomaterials at molecular precision from their optical properties,paving the way to rapid and high-throughput characterizations.

关键词： gold nanoclusters composition identification optical absorption machine learning convolutional neural network

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First-line camrelizumab(a PD-1 inhibitor)plus apatinib(an VEGFR-2 inhibitor)and chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer(SPACE):a phase 1 study

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第4期9卷 1760-1767页

作者： Xiaofeng Chen Hao Xu Xiaobing Chen Tongpeng Xu Yitong Tian Deqiang Wang Fen Guo Kangxin Wang Guangfu Jin Xiao Li Rong Wang Fengyuan Li Yongbin Ding Jie Tang Yueyu Fang Jing Zhao Liang Liu Ling Ma Lijuan Meng Zhiguo Hou Rongrong Zheng Yang Liu Ni Guan Bei Zhang Shuang Tong Shiqing Chen Xing Li Yongqian Shu department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina Gusu School Nanjing medical UniversitySuzhouChina Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers Prevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina department of General surgery The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina department of Oncology Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Henan engineering Research Center of Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer&Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer ZhengzhouChina department of Oncology Digestive Disease Institute&Cancer Institute of Jiangsu UniversityAffiliated Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina department of Oncology Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhouChina department of Oncology Nanjing PuKou People’s HospitalNanjingChina department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina department of Pathology The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina department of general surgery Jurong Branch hospital of Jiangsu Province People HospitalJurongChina department of Medical Oncology Liyang People’s HospitalLiyangChina department of radiology Nanjing PuKou People’s HospitalNanjingChina Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals ShanghaiChina department of Medical Affairs 3D Medicines Inc.ShanghaiChina Shanghai OrigiMed Co. Ltd.ShanghaiChina

Patients with advanced gastric cancer typically face a grim prognosis.This phase 1a(dose escalation)and phase 1b(dose expansion)study investigated safety and efficacy of first-line camrelizumab plus apatinib and chemotherapyfor advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.The primary endpoints included maximum tolerated dose(MTD)in phase 1a and objective response rate(ORR)across phase 1a and 1b.Phase 1a tested three dose regimens of camrelizumab,apatinib,oxaliplatin,and S-1.Dose regimen 1:camrelizumab 200 mg on day 1,apatinib 250 mg every other day,oxaliplatin 100 mg/m^(2) on day 1,and S-140 mg twice a day on days 1-14.Dose regimen 2:same as dose regimen 1,but oxaliplatin 130mg/m.Dose regimen3:same as dose regimen 2,but apatinib 250 mg daily.Thirty-four patients were included(9 in phase 1a,25 in phase 1b).No dose-limiting toxicities occurred so no MTD was identified.Dose 3 was set for the recommended phase 2 doses and administered in phase 1b.The confrmed ORR was 76.5%(95%CI 58.8-89.3).The median progression-free survival was 8.4 months(95%CI 5.9-not evaluable[NE]),and the median overall survival(OS)was not mature(11.6-NE).Ten patients underwent surgery after treatment and the multidisciplinary team evaluation.Among 24 patients without surgery,the median OS was 19.6 months(7.8-NE).Eighteen patients(52.9%)developed grade≥3 treatment-emergent adverse events.Camrelizumab plus apatinib and chemotherapy showed favorable clinical outcomes and manageable safety for untreated advanced gastric cancer(ChiCTR2000034109).

关键词： regimen cancer doses

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Utilizing dual-pathway energy transfer in upconversion nanoconjugates for reinforced photodynamic therapy

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2941-2948页

作者： Ruohao Zhang Yu Lu Yifei Zhou Kehong Lv Xinyu Fu Jitong Gong Shuang Yao Xiaozhen Wang Jing Feng Hongjie Zhang State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China School of Applied Chemistry and engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China College of Chemistry Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China department of Breast Surgery General Surgery Centerthe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021China department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Enhancing the therapeutic effect of existing treatments or developing new non-invasive treatments are important measures to achieve high-efficiency treatment of malignant tumors.Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is an emerging treatment modality,and the key for achieving high-efficiency PDT is to select light with strong tissue penetration depth and enhance the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS).Although the upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs)modified with the photosensitizers could achieve PDT with strong penetration depth under near-infrared light irradiation,the ROS generated by traditional single-pathway PDT is still insufficient.Herein,we developed a novel nanoconjugate(UCNP-Ce6/AIEgen)for dual-pathway reinforced PDT,in which the UCNPs were co-modified with chlorin e6(Ce6)and luminogen with aggregation-induced emission(AIEgen).Due to the presence of AIEgen,UCNP-Ce6/AIEgen could avoid aggregation-caused luminescence quenching in biological water environments and convert upconversion luminescence(UCL)of UCNPs to Ce6-activatable fluorescence.Therefore,under the irradiation of 808 nm laser,UCNP-Ce6/AIEgen can not only undergo direct lanthanide-triplet energy transfer to activate Ce6,but also convert the UCL of UCNPs to the light that can activate Ce6 through Fӧrster resonance energy transfer to generate more ROS,thus promoting tumor cell apoptosis.This work broadens the applications of nanoconjugates of lanthanide-based inorganic materials and organic dyes,and provides a conception for reinforced PDT of tumors.

关键词： upconversion nanoparticle aggregation-induced emission direct lanthanide-triplet energy transfer Förster resonance energy transfer photodynamic therapy

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Advances in the structure design of substrate materials for zinc anode of aqueous zinc ion batteries

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Green Energy & Environment 2023年第6期8卷 1531-1552页

作者： Sinian Yang Hongxia Du Yuting Li Xiangsi Wu Bensheng Xiao Zhangxing He Qiaobao Zhang Xianwen Wu School of Chemistry and chemical engineering Jishou UniversityJishou416000China School of chemical engineering North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshan063009China department of materials Science and engineering College of MaterialsXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics Fibers(Xiamen University) Ministry of EducationXiamen361005China

Aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs) demonstrate tremendous competitiveness and application prospects because of their abundant resources,low cost, high safety, and environmental friendliness. Although the advanced electrochemical energy storage systems based on zinc ion batteries have been greatly developed, many severe problems associated with Zn anode impede its practical application, such as the dendrite formation,hydrogen evolution, corrosion and passivation phenomenon. To address these drawbacks, electrolytes, separators, zinc alloys, interfacial modification and structural design of Zn anode have been employed at present by scientists. Among them, the structural design for zinc anode is relatively mature, which is generally believed to enhance the electroactive surface area of zinc anode, reduce local current density, and promote the uniform distribution of zinc ions on the surface of anode. In order to explore new research directions, it is crucial to systematically summarize the structural design of anode materials. Herein, this review focuses on the challenges in Zn anode, modification strategies and the three-dimensional(3D) structure design of substrate materials for Zn anode including carbon substrate materials, metal substrate materials and other substrate materials. Finally, future directions and perspectives about the Zn anode are presented for developing high-performance AZIBs.

关键词： Zinc ion battery Structure design of substrate materials Dendrite-free 3D Zn anode

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