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Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of Phlomoides(Lamiaceae subfamily Lamioideae)in China:Insights from molecular and morphological data

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plant Diversity 2024年第4期46卷 462-475页

作者： Yue Zhao Ya-Ping Chen Bryan T.Drew Fei Zhao Maryam Almasi Orzimat T.Turginov Jin-Fei Xiao Abdul G.Karimi Yasaman Salmaki Xiang-Qin Yu Chun-Lei Xiang CAS Key Laboratory for plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanChina Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau&Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassland ecology School of Ecology and EnvironmentInner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010000Inner MongoliaChina department of Biology University of Nebraska at KearneyKearneyNE 68849USA CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization&Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu Institute of BiologyChengdu 610042SichuanChina Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms Department of Plant ScienceCollege of ScienceUniversity of TehranP.O.Box 14155-6455TehranIran Institute of botany Academy of Sciences of the Republic of UzbekistanTashkent 100047Uzbekistan Faculty of Biology Department of Botany and Plant PhysiologyNational University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo UlugbekTashkent 100174Uzbekistan Faculty of Pharmacy Kabul University1006 KabulAfghanistan

Phlomoides,with 150-170 species,is the second largest and perhaps most taxonomically challenging genus within the subfamily Lamioideae(Lamiaceae).With about 60 species,China is one of three major biodiversity centers of *** some Phlomoides species from China have been included in previous molecular phylogenetic studies,a robust and broad phylogeny of this lineage has yet to be ***,given the myriad new additions to the genus,the existing infrageneric classification needs to be evaluated and ***,we combine molecular and morphological data to investigate relationships within Phlomoides,with a focus on Chinese *** observed that plastid DNA sequences can resolve relationships within Phlomoides better than nuclear ribosomal internal and external transcribed spacer regions(nrITS and nrETS).Molecular phylogenetic analyses confirm the monophyly of Phlomoides,but most previously defined infrageneric groups are not *** addition,morphological analysis demonstrates the significant taxonomic value of eight characters to the *** on our molecular phylogenetic analyses and morphological data,we establish a novel section Notochaete within Phlomoides,and propose three new combinations as well as three new *** study presents the first molecular phylogenetic analyses of Phlomoides in which taxa representative of the entire genus are included,and highlights the phylogenetic and taxonomic value of several morphological characters from species of Phlomoides from *** study suggests that a taxonomic revision and reclassification for the entire genus is necessary in the future.

关键词： Lamioideae Molecular phylogenetics Morphology Phlomideae Taxonomy

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Activation of stress-response genes by retrograde signaling-mediated destabilization of nuclear importin IMPα-9 and its interactor TPR2

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Molecular plant 2024年第6期17卷 884-899页

作者： Liping Zeng Maria Fernanda Gomez Mendez Jingzhe Guo Jishan Jiang Bailong Zhang Hao Chen Brandon Le Haiyan Ke Katayoon Dehesh department of botany and plant Sciences Institute of Integrative Genome BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaRiversideRiversideCA 92521USA School of Medicine University of CaliforniaRiversideRiversideCA 92521USA

Stress-induced retrograde signal transmission from the plastids to the nucleus has long puzzled plant *** address this,we performed a suppressor screen of the ceh1 mutant,which contains elevated 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol-2,4-cyclopyrophosphate(MEcPP)levels,and identified the gain-of-function mutant impα-9,which shows reversed dwarfism and suppressed expression of stress-response genes in the ceh1 background despite heightened *** genetic and biochemical analyses established that the accumulation of MEcPP initiates an upsurge in Arabidopsis SKP1-like 1(ASK1)abundance,a pivotal component in the proteasome degradation *** increase in ASK1 prompts the degradation of IMPα-***,we uncovered a protein-protein interaction between IMPα-9 and TPR2,a transcriptional co-suppressor and found that a reduction in IMPα-9 levels coincides with a decrease in TPR2 ***,the interaction between IMPα-9 and TPR2 was disrupted in impα-9 mutants,highlighting the critical role of a single amino acid alteration in maintaining their *** of their interaction results in the reversal of MEcPP-associated *** immunoprecipitation coupled with sequencing analyses revealed that TPR2 binds globally to stress-response genes and suggested that IMPα-9 associates with the *** function together to suppress the expression of stress-response genes under normal conditions,but this suppression is alleviated in response to stress through the degradation of the suppressing *** biological relevance of our discoveries was validated under high light stress,marked by MEcPP accumulation,elevated ASK1 levels,IMPα-9 degredation,reduced TPR2 abundance,and subsequent activation of a network of stress-response *** summary,our study collectively unveils fresh insights into plant adaptive mechanisms,highlighting intricate interactions among retrograde signaling,the proteasome,and nuclear transport machinery.

关键词： plastidial retrograde signal MEcPP ASK1 impα-9 TPR2

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Impacts of road on plant invasions in the Middle Mountain region of central Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第2期21卷 619-632页

作者： Ananda ADHIKARI Adarsha SUBEDI Achyut TIWARI Bharat Babu SHRESTHA Central department of botany Tribhuvan UniversityKirtipur 44618Nepal

Biological invasion is triggered by human development activities such as the construction and expansion of road *** verges serve as important habitats and corridors for the distribution of invasive alien plant species(IAPS)between geographically distant ***,the trajectory of plant invasion and the data regarding the impact of roads on IAPS distribution are relatively poor in ***,we surveyed two road types(main roads and feeder road)in the Middle Mountain region of central Nepal in order to investigate how different road types are driving the dispersal of IAPS along road verges and the adjacent natural *** sampling was conducted at ca 2.5 km intervals along the *** each sampling site,paired plots(25 m×4 m)were sampled:one adjacent to and along the road,and another 20 m away and parallel to it in the interior *** results revealed that the main road verges had a higher cover(33%)and a larger number of IAPS(14 species)than the feeder road(25%;10 species).The IAPS cover and richness were significantly higher along verges than in the adjacent interior habitats for both road types,indicating that roads are contributing as corridors for the dispersal of IAPS in the Middle Mountain areas of central ***,elevation,tree canopy,and disturbances(grazing/mowing/trampling)were found to be the key factors that determine spatial distribution of IAPS along road *** emphasize that regular monitoring of vegetation along the road verges can help with the early detection and control of potential IAPS in the region before they become problematic.

关键词： Biological invasions Dispersal corridor Invasive alien plants Transport infrastructure Himalayan mountains

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Seedling potential of trees species along the elevational gradient in temperate hill forest of central Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第4期21卷 1329-1344页

作者： DANI Ram Sharan BANIYA Chitra Bahadur Central department of botany Tribhuvan UniversityKirtipur 44618Nepal

Regeneration status of tree species along elevation gradient in temperate hill forest was not understood *** research examined the tree diversity and its regeneration patterns along an elevation gradient in temperate hill forest,central *** were collected from 300 sample plots within vertical elevation bands of 10,ranging from 1365 to 2450 m asl.A random sampling method was used for data collection in three seasons,winter,pre-monsoon and post monsoon *** at breast height(DBH)was used to broadly categorize the plant individual into trees,saplings and *** tree species richness ranged from 12 to 25 with density of 350 to 1200 individuals per *** richness of tree and sapling showed statistically significant unimodal pattern,which peaked at *** showed a strong and positive linear correlation with the seedling density(Deviance=0.99,pseedling(10.6%)≤mature(10.9%).Among tested environmental variables,elevation and annual mean rainfall were the most influential factors in the regeneration of tree species.

关键词： Regeneration potential Chandragiri hill Altitudinal gradient Species diversity Tree species richness

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Structural-Adaptation Features of Assimilation Organs of the Species Salsola incanescens Cam. in Conditions of Kyzylkum

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American Journal of plant Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 589-602页

作者： Guli A. Ibrokhimova Guljan M. Duschanova department of botany and plant Physiology National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek Tashkent Uzbekistan department of botany and ecology Tashkent State Pedagogical University named after Nizami Tashkent Uzbekistan

The article presents the results of the morpho-anatomical structure of the assimilation organs of the species Salsola leptoclada Gand, which is widespread in the Kyzylkum desert region of Uzbekistan, and reveals the structural, diagnostic and adaptive features. In the assimilation organs, Kranz type of mesophyll was found: in the cotyledons of the Kranz-spherical (Atriplicoid) type, and in the leaf—mesophylls of the Kranz-centric (Salsoloid) and Kranz-ventrodorsal type. These revealed diagnostic features of the assimilating organs of this species in arid conditions noted C4-type photosynthesis. Based on the comparative biometric analysis of quantitative indices of the anatomical features of the assimilating organs, xero-halomorphic features predominate. Halomorphic features are in the cotyledons—thin outer walls of the epidermal cells;few stomata of the anomocytic and paracytic type;few rows of spongy cells (3 - 4 rows);few vascular bundles of the collateral type and xylem, in the leaf—large and thin outer walls of the epidermal cells;succulence of the leaf mesophyll, the presence of aquiferous cells;large palisade, keratin and aquiferous cells. Xeromorphic features in the cotyledons—small and numerous epidermal cells and hemiparacytic type stomata also deep immersion;small palisade cells and a high palisade index, small spongy, hypodermal and keratin cells;small diameter of the xylem in vascular bundles;in the leaf numerous epidermal cells and stomata also deeply immersed;presence and numerous multicellular nodular, dentate trichomes;multi-row water-bearing cells;high palisade index;small and numerous xylem;numerous peripheral vascular bundles of the collateral type. These identified specific diagnostic features showing adaptation to arid conditions can also serve in the identification of plant materials.

关键词： Morphology Anatomy Cotyledon Leaf Salsola incanescens South-West Kyzylkum

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Optimized protoplast isolation and transfection with a breakpoint:accelerating Cas9/sgRNA cleavage efficiency validation in monocot and dicot

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aBIOTECH 2024年第2期5卷 151-168页

作者： Debasmita Panda Subhasis Karmakar Manaswini Dash Swagat Kumar Tripathy Priya Das Sagar Banerjee Yiping Qi Sanghamitra Samantaray Pradipta Kumar Mohapatra Mirza J.Baig Kutubuddin A.Molla ICAR National Rice Research Institute CuttackOdisha 753006India department of botany Ravenshaw UniversityCuttackOdisha 753003India department of plant Science and Landscape Architecture University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA

The CRISPR-Cas genome editing tools are revolutionizing agriculture and basic biology with their simplicity and precision ability to modify target genomic ***-predicted guide RNAs(gRNAs)often fail to induce efficient cleavage at target *** target loci are inaccessible due to complex chromatin ***,there is no suitable tool available to predict the architecture of genomic target sites and their ***,significant time and resources are spent on performing editing experiments with inefficient *** in vitro-cleavage assay could provide a rough assessment of gRNA efficiency,it largely excludes the interference of native genomic *** in-vivo testing gives a proper assessment of the cleavage ability of editing reagents in a native genomic ***,we developed a modified protocol that offers highly efficient protoplast isolation from rice,Arabidopsis,and chickpea,using a sucrose gradient,transfection using PEG(polyethylene glycol),and validation of single guide RNAs(sgRNAs)cleavage efficiency of *** have optimized various parameters for PEG-mediated protoplast transfection and achieved high transfection efficiency using our protocol in both monocots and *** introduced plasmid vectors containing Cas9 and sgRNAs targeting genes in rice,Arabidopsis,and chickpea *** dual sgRNAs,our CRISPRdeletion strategy offers straightforward detection of genome editing success by simple agarose gel *** sequencing of PCR products confirmed the editing efficiency of specific ***,we demonstrated that isolated protoplasts can be stored for up to 24/48 h with little loss of viability,allowing a pause between isolation and *** high-efficiency protocol for protoplast isolation and transfection enables rapid(less than 7 days)validation of sgRNA cleavage efficiency before proceeding with stable *** isolation and transfection method can als

关键词： Protoplast Genome editing Transgene-free edited plants Rice Chickpea

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Stomatal dynamics are regulated by leaf hydraulic traits and guard cell anatomy in nine true mangrove species

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plant Diversity 2024年第3期46卷 395-405页

作者： Ya-Dong Qie Qi-Wei Zhang Scott A.M.McAdam Kun-Fang Cao State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest ecology and Conservation College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Key Laboratory of ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection Ministry of EducationGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541001China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River Basin Guangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541001China Purdue Center for plant Biology Department of Botany and Plant PathologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

Stomatal regulation is critical for mangroves to survive in the hyper-saline intertidal zone where water stress is severe and water availability is highly ***,very little is known about the stomatal sensitivity to vapour pressure deficit(VPD)in mangroves,and its co-ordination with stomatal morphology and leaf hydraulic *** measured the stomatal response to a step increase in VPD in situ,stomatal anatomy,leaf hydraulic vulnerability and pressure-volume traits in nine true mangrove species of five families and collected the data of genome *** aimed to answer two questions:(1)Does stomatal morphology influence stomatal dynamics in response to a high VPD in mangroves?with a consideration of possible influence of genome size on stomatal morphology;and(2)do leaf hydraulic traits influence stomatal sensitivity to VPD in mangroves?We found that the stomata of mangrove plants were highly sensitive to a step rise in VPD and the stomatal responses were directly affected by stomatal anatomy and hydraulic ***,denser stomata was correlated with faster stomatal closure at high VPD across the species of Rhizophoraceae,and stomata size negatively and vein density positively correlated with genome *** negative leaf osmotic pressure at the full turgor(πo)was related to higher operating steady-state stomatal conductance(gs);and a higher leaf capacitance(Cleaf)and more embolism resistant leaf xylem were associated with slower stomatal responses to an increase in *** addition,stomatal responsiveness to VPD was indirectly affected by leaf morphological traits,which were affected by site salinity and consequently leaf water *** results demonstrate that mangroves display a unique relationship between genome size,stomatal size and vein packing,and that stomatal responsiveness to VPD is regulated by leaf hydraulic traits and stomatal *** work provides a quantitative framework to better understand of stomatal regulation in mangroves

关键词： Stomatal temporal kinetics Vapour-pressure deficit(VPD) Leaf water relations Leaf hydraulic vulnerability Leaf osmotic potential Genome size

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Assessment of plant diversity of endemic species of the Saharo-Arabian region in Egypt

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第7期16卷 1000-1021,I0002-I0044页

作者： Asmaa S ABO HATAB Yassin M AL-SODANY Kamal H SHALTOUT Soliman A HAROUN Mohamed M EL-KHALAFY botany and Microbiology department Faculty of ScienceKafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikh 33511Egypt botany department Faculty of ScienceTanta UniversityTanta 31527Egypt

Savanna, semi-deserts, and hot deserts characterize the Saharo-Arabian region, which includes Morocco, Mauretania, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Palestine, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, Oman, Yemen, southern Jordan, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and northern India. Its neighboring regions, the Sudano-Zambezian region belonging to the Paleotropical Kingdom and the Mediterranean and Irano-Turanian regions included in the Holarctic Kingdom, share a large portion of their flora with the Saharo-Arabian region. Despite the widespread acknowledgment of the region's global importance for plant diversity, an up to date list of the Saharo-Arabian endemics is still unavailable. The available data are frequently insufficient or out of date at both the whole global and the national scales. Therefore, the present study aims at screening and verifying the Saharo-Arabian endemic plants and determining the phytogeographical distribution of these taxa in the Egyptian flora. Hence, a preliminary list of 429 Saharo-Arabian endemic plants in Egypt was compiled from the available literature. Indeed, by excluding the species that were recorded in any countries or regions outside the Saharo-Arabian region based on different literature, database reviews, and websites, the present study has reduced this number to 126 taxa belonging to 87 genera and 37 families. Regarding the national geographic distribution, South Sinai is the richest region with 83 endemic species compared with other eight phytogeographic regions in Egypt, followed by the Isthmic Desert(the middle of Sinai Peninsula, 53 taxa). Sahara regional subzone(SS1) distributes all the 126 endemic species, Arabian regional subzone(SS2) owns 79 taxa, and Nubo-Sindian subzone(SS3) distributes only 14 endemics. Seven groups were recognized at the fourth level of classification as a result of the application of the two-way indicator species analysis(TWINSPAN) to the Saharo-Arabian endemic sp

关键词： endemism phytogeographical regions Saharo-Arabian floristic region Egyptian flora plant diversity two-way indicator species analysis(TWINSPAN)

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Nitrogen availability mediates the effects of roots and mycorrhizal fungi on soil organic carbon decomposition:A meta-analysis

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 289-296页

作者： Tongshuo BAI Yunpeng QIU Shuijin HU Ecosystem ecology Laboratory College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China department of Entomology&plant Pathology North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh NC 27695USA

plant roots and their associated mycorrhizal fungi critically mediate the decomposition of soil organic carbon(C),but the general patterns of their impacts over a broad geographical range and the primary mediating factors remain *** on a synthesis of 596 paired observations from both field and greenhouse experiments,we found that living roots and/or mycorrhizal fungi increased organic C decomposition by 30.9%,but low soil nitrogen(N)availability(i.e.,high soil C:N ratio)critically mitigated this promotion *** addition,the positive effects of living roots and/or mycorrhizal fungi on organic C decomposition were higher under herbaceous and leguminous plants than under woody and non-leguminous plants,***,there was no significant difference between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and ectomycorrhizal fungi in their effects on organic C ***,roots and/or mycorrhizal fungi significantly enhanced the decomposition of leaf litter but not root *** findings advance our understanding of how roots and their symbiotic fungi modulate soil C dynamics in the rhizosphere or mycorrhizosphere and may help improve predictions of soil global C balance under a changing climate.

关键词： arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ectomycorrhizal fungi leaf litter leguminous plant mycorhizosphere rhizosphere root litter soil C:N ratio

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A chorismate mutase from Radopholus similis plays an essential role in pathogenicity

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第3期23卷 923-937页

作者： Sihua Yang Junyi Li Shuai Yang Shiqiao Tang Huizhong Wang Chunling Xu Hui Xie Laboratory of plant Nematology andResearch Centerof Nematodes of plant Quarantine Department of Plant Patholo of Plant ProtectionSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

In the process of infecting plants, plant parasitic nematodes release a series of proteins that play an essential role in the successful infection and pathogenesis of plant cells and tissues through stylets or body walls. In this study,based on transcriptome data, a chorismate mutase gene of Radopholus similis(RsCM) was identified and cloned,which is a single copy gene specifically expressed in the oesophageal gland and highly expressed in juveniles and females. Transient expression of RsCM in tobacco leaves showed that it was localised in the cytoplasm and nucleus of tobacco leaf cells, which inhibited the pattern-triggered immunity(PTI) induced by flg22, including callose deposition and defence gene expression, and cell death induced by immune elicitors BAX, but could not inhibit cell death induced by immune elicitors Gpa2/RBP-1. The RNA interference(RNAi) transgenic tomato of RsCM obviously inhibited the infection, pathogenicity, and reproduction of R. similis. However, the resistance of the overexpression transgenic tomato of RsCM to R. similis infection was significantly reduced, and the expression levels of two salicylic acid(SA) pathway genes(PR1 and PR5) in roots infected by the nematode were significantly down-regulated,which indicated that RsCM might be involved in the inhibition of SA pathway. The results of this study demonstrate that RsCM suppresses the host immune system and might be a new target for the control of R. similis, which also provides new data for the function and mechanism of CM genes of migratory parasitic plant nematodes.

关键词： Radopholus similis chorismate mutase plant defense transgenic tomato

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