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Constructing a biofunctionalized 3D-printed gelatin/sodium alginate/chitosan tri-polymer complex scaffold with improvised biological andmechanical properties for bone-tissue engineering

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第1期7卷 57-73页

作者： Amit Kumar Singh Krishna Pramanik Amit Biswas Centre of Excellence in Tissue engineering Department of Biotechnology and Medical EngineeringNational Institute of TechnologyRourkela 769008India

Sodium alginate(SA)/chitosan(CH)polyelectrolyte scaffold is a suitable substrate for tissue-engineering application.The present study deals with further improvement in the tensile strength and biological properties of this type of scaffold to make it a potential template for bone-tissue regeneration.We experimented with adding 0%–15%(volume fraction)gelatin(GE),a protein-based biopolymer known to promote cell adhesion,proliferation,and differentiation.The resulting tri-polymer complex was used as bioink to fabricate SA/CH/GEmatrices by three-dimensional(3D)printing.Morphological studies using scanning electron microscopy revealed the microfibrous porous architecture of all the structures,which had a pore size range of 383–419μm.X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analyses revealed the amorphous nature of the scaffold and the strong electrostatic interactions among the functional groups of the polymers,thereby forming polyelectrolyte complexes which were found to improve mechanical properties and structural stability.The scaffolds exhibited a desirable degradation rate,controlled swelling,and hydrophilic characteristics which are favorable for bone-tissue engineering.The tensile strength improved from(386±15)to(693±15)kPa due to the increased stiffness of SA/CH scaffolds upon addition of gelatin.The enhanced protein adsorption and in vitro bioactivity(forming an apatite layer)confirmed the ability of the SA/CH/GE scaffold to offer higher cellular adhesion and a bone-like environment to cells during the process of tissue regeneration.In vitro biological evaluation including the MTT assay,confocal microscopy analysis,and alizarin red S assay showed a significant increase in cell attachment,cell viability,and cell proliferation,which further improved biomineralization over the scaffold surface.In addition,SA/CH containing 15%gelatin designated as SA/CH/GE15 showed superior performance to the other fabricated 3D structures,demonstrating its potential for use in bone-tissue engineering.

关键词： Scaffold Biomaterial Sodium alginate Chitosan Gelatin 3D printing Tissue engineering

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Naringenin suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the mRNA-208a signaling pathway in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2023年第10期13卷 443-450页

作者： Ayman Eldourghamy Toka Hossam Mohammed Abdalla Hussein Amal Abdel-Aziz Samir A.El-masry Environmental biotechnology department Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research InstituteSadat UniversityEgypt department of medical Labs Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences TechnologyOctober 6 UniversityEgypt department of biotechnology Faculty of Applied Health Sciences TechnologyOctober 6 UniversityEgypt Molecular Biology department Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research InstituteSadat UniversityEgypt

Objective:To investigate the cardioprotective effect of naringenin against isoproterenol(ISO)-induced cardiotoxicity in rats.Methods:Rats were divided into five groups:the normal group,the ISO group(85 mg/kg b.w.);the ISO+naringenin(50 mg/kg b.w.)group,the ISO+naringenin(100 mg/kg b.w.)group and the ISO+propranolol(10 mg/kg b.w.)group.Plasma creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB),cardiac troponin T,lactate dehydrogenase,brain natriuretic peptide(BNP),and IL-10,as well as cardiac transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and malondialdehyde(MDA)were examined.In addition,NLRP3 and mRNA-208a expressions were evaluated by RT-PCR analysis.Histopathological examination was also performed to assess cardiac damages.Results:Naringenin treatment significantly decreased plasma lactate dehydrogenase,CK-MB,cardiac troponin T,BNP,and IL-10,as well as cardiac TGF-β1,VEGF,and MDA while increasing p-Akt and superoxide dismutase in ISO-administered rats.It also reduced NLRP3 and mRNA-208a gene expression levels.Furthermore,naringenin improved ISO-induced cardiac damage.Conclusions:Naringenin attenuates myocardial dysfunction in ISO-treated rats by decreasing oxidative stress and increasing cardiac endogenous antioxidant system,which may be modulated partly by improvement of NLRP3 and mRNA-208a gene expression.

关键词： Naringenin Isoproterenol Myocardial infarction Antioxidants NLRP3 mRNA-208a

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Umbilical cord:an unlimited source of cells differentiable towards dopaminergic neurons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第7期12卷 1186-1192页

作者： Mahdi Eskandarian Boroujeni Mossa Gardaneh department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Faculty of Medical Biotechnology National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Tehran Iran

Cell replacement therapy utilizing mesenchymal stem cells as its main resource holds great promise for ultimate treatment of human neurological disorders.Parkinson＇s disease（PD）is a common,chronic neurodegenerative disorder hallmarked by localized degeneration of a specific set of dopaminergic neurons within a midbrain sub-region.The specific cell type and confined location of degenerating neurons make cell replacement therapy ideal for PD treatment since it mainly requires replenishment of lost dopaminergic neurons with fresh and functional ones.Endogenous as well as exogenous cell sources have been identified as candidate targets for cell replacement therapy in PD.In this review,umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells（UCMSCs）are discussed as they provide an inexpensive unlimited reservoir differentiable towards functional dopaminergic neurons that potentially lead to long-lasting behavioral recovery in PD patients.We also present mi RNAs-mediated neuronal differentiation of UCMSCs.The UCMSCs bear a number of outstanding characteristics including their non-tumorigenic,low-immunogenic properties that make them ideal for cell replacement therapy purposes.Nevertheless,more investigations as well as controlled clinical trials are required to thoroughly confirm the efficacy of UCMSCs for therapeutic medical-grade applications in PD.

关键词： nerve regeneration umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells differentiation neuronal dopaminergicneurons dopamine substantia nigra ventral mesencephalon Parkinson＇s disease cell replacement therapy neural regeneration

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Binding of Orysata lectin induces an immune response in insect cells

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Insect Science 2022年第3期29卷 717-729页

作者： Pengyu Chen Kristof De Schutter Jarne Pauwels Kris Gevaert Els J.M.Van Damme Guy Smagghe Faculty of Bioscience engineering Department of Plants and CropsGhent UniversityGhentBelgium Faculty of Bioscience engineering Department of BiotechnologyGhent UniversityGhentBelgium Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Department of Biomolecular MedicineGhent UniversityGhentBelgium VIB Center for medical biotechnology GhentBelgium

In mammals,plant lectinshave been shown to possess immunomodulatory properties,acting in both the innate and adaptive immune system to modulate the production of mediators of the immune response,ultimately improving host defences.At present,knowledge of immunomodulatory effects of plant lectins in insects is scarce.Treatment of insect cells with the Orysa sativa lectin,Orysata,was previously reported to induce cell aggregation,mimicking the immune process of encapsulation.In this project we investigated the potential immunomodulatory effects of this mannose-binding lectin using Drosophila melanogaster S2 cells.Identification of the Orysata binding partners on the surface of S2 cells through a pull-down assay andproteomic analysis revealed 221 putative interactors,several of which were immunity-related proteins.Subsequent qPCR analysis revealed the upregulation of Toll-and immune deficiency(IMD)-regulated antimicrobial peptides(Drs,Mtk,AttA,and Dpt)and signal transducers(Rel and Hid)belonging to the IMD pathway.In addition,the iron-binding protein Transferrin 3 was identified as a putative interactor for Orysata,and treatment of S2 cells with Orysata was shown to reduce the intracellular iron concentration.All together,we believe these results offer a new perspective on the effects by which plant lectins influence insect cells and contribute to the study of their immunomodulatory properties.

关键词： cell culture immune response iron uptake Orysata plant lectin pull-down

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Biochar amendments and its impact on soil biota for sustainable agriculture

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Biochar 2020年第3期2卷 287-305页

作者： Abhijeet Pathy Jyotiprakash Ray Balasubramanian Paramasivan Agricultural and Environmental biotechnology Group Department of Biotechnology and Medical EngineeringNational Institute of Technology RourkelaOdisha 769008India

Beneficial microbes in soil biota are known to enhance plant growth by stimulating the nutrient supply and by devising certain mechanisms to cope up with the biotic(diseases)or abiotic(salinity,drought,and pollution)stresses.Owing to their effectiveness and sustainability concerns,the application of microbes in the agricultural sector has seen a positive surge recently.Biochar has been commended as an exemplary carrier material for beneficial microbes in the soil ecosystem.Biochar is generally produced from the waste biomasses,which not only resolve the management crisis of agricultural wastes but also render many benefits such as enhancement of soil properties,alteration of nutritional dynamics,removal of pollutants,and in the stimulation of beneficial microbial diversity in soil.The strategic application of biochar in agricultural land could help provide agronomic,economic,and environmental benefits.Since certain risks are associated with the application of biochar,attention needs to be paid while preferring for soil amendments.This present review focused on highlighting the role of microbes in plant growth.The influence of biochar on soil biota along with its detailed mechanisms was discussed further to delineate the scope of biochar in soil amendments.Further,the risks associated with the biochar amendments and the future perspectives in this research arena were highlighted.

关键词： Biochar Sustainable agriculture Soil biota Microbes Plant growth Microbial interaction

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Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of Rice: Constraints and Possible Solutions

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Rice science 2019年第3期26卷 133-146页

作者： Sulaiman MOHAMMED Azman Abd SAMAD Zaidah RAHMAT Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Science Gombe State University

Genetic transformation of rice(Oryza sativa L.) by introducing beneficial traits is now a central research instrument in plant physiology and a practical tool for plant improvement. Many approaches are verified for stable introduction of foreign genes into the plant genome. The review examined the different constraints that limit the success of rice genetic transformation via Agrobacterium-mediated approach and suggested possible solutions. Explant identification, gene transfer technique and construct to tailor the integration, transgene expression without collateral to genetic damage and transformant selection are among the technical challenges affecting the rice transformation. Despite the contests, Agrobacteriummediated transformation system has been a better option for producing transgenic rice varieties because of its exact T-DNA processing and simple integration of low copy-number transgene. This information is necessary for improving the transformation system for recalcitrant rice varieties.

关键词： rice Agrobacterium-mediated transformation tissue culture gene transfer T-DNA integration

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Effect of Porous Activated Charcoal Reinforcement on Mechanical and In-Vitro Biological Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol Composite Scaffolds

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2017年第7期33卷 734-743页

作者： Tejinder Kaur Arunachalam Thirugnanam Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering National Institute of Technology Rourkela Odisha 769008 India

The present work focused on developing an innovative composite material by reinforcing polymer matrix with highly porous activated charcoal. Polyvinyl alcohol-activated charcoal（PVA-AC） composite scaffolds were developed by varying the AC concentrations（0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 wt%） in PVA matrix by freeze drying method. The developed scaffolds were characterized for their physicochemical, mechanical and in-vitro biological properties. In addition, the effect of AC on the attachment, proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast MG 63 cells was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide（MTT） assay, alkaline phosphatase（ALP） activity assay and alizarin red stain-based（ARS） assay. All the PVA-AC composite scaffolds exhibited good bioactivity, hemocompatibility and protein adsorption properties. The scaffolds with high AC concentration（2.5 wt%） showed controlled drug release kinetics that are suitable for long term healing. The mechanical properties of all the PVA-AC composite scaffolds were improved when compared to the pure PVA scaffold. The high porosity, swelling degree and hydrophilicity of PVA-AC composite scaffolds facilitated cell attachment and proliferation. This is due to porous AC present in the sample that supported the osteoblast differentiation and formed mineralized nodules without the addition of any extra agents. From the above studies, it can be concluded that PVA-AC composite scaffolds are promising biomaterials for bone tissue engineering applications.

关键词： Polyvinyl alcohol Activated charcoal Porous reinforcement Bioactivity Mechanical studies Osteoblast proliferation and differentiation

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Antimicrobial Compounds from Mangrove Plants:A Pharmaceutical Prospective

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2014年第4期20卷 311-320页

作者： Jayanta Kumar Patra Yugal Kishore Mohanta department of biotechnology North Orissa University department of biotechnology & medical engineering National Institute of Technology department of Life Science National Institute of Technology

Mangroves are salt-tolerant forest ecosystem that extends between tropical and subtropicalintertidal regions of the world. Mangroves are biochemically unique vegetation that produce wide array of naturalproducts with immense medicinal potential. These plants are the most valuable resources and provide economicand ecological benefits to the coastal people. Natural products from these plants are of great interest as theyprovide innumerable direct and indirect benefits to human beings for the discovery of novel antimicrobial andother bioactive compounds. They possess active metabolites with some novel chemical structures that belong todiverse chemical classes such as alkaloids, phenol, steroids, terpenoids and tannins. Several mangrove specieshave been used in traditional medicine or have few applications as insecticide and pesticide. To date, severalmangroves, and their associated species and solvent extracts are screened for antimicrobial activity along withthe presence of potent bioactive compounds. The present article emphasizes and creates awareness aboutthe potential mangrove plants and their associates as a source of biologically active compounds with potentantimicrobial properties. This paper also elaborates the mechanisms of action and various methods for screeningof antimicrobial compounds.

关键词： mangrove plant antimicrobial activity natural product

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Ethanolic extract of Puhuang(Pollen Typhae) modulates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response through inducible nitric oxide synthase/cyclooxygenase-2 signaling in RAW 264.7 macrophages

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2021年第6期41卷 836-844页

作者： CHEN Tzufan CHEN Chuntzu HUANG Yuanli BASKARAN Rathinasamy TSAI Jeffrey J.P. HU Rouhmei department of biotechnology Asia UniversityTaichung 41354China Taiwan department of Bioinformatics and medical engineering Asia UniversityTaichung 41354China Taiwan

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the immune modulatory response of Puhuang(Pollen Typhae),ethanolic extract of dried pollens(TP-E)and charcoal activated pollens(CTP-E)were used for their phytochemical evaluation and their modulatory response against lipopolysaccharide(LPS)induced inflammatory activity on RAW264.7 macrophage cells.METHODS:Biochemical assays were carried out to quantify the 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl Radical Scavenging Activity,Reducing Power,Ferrous ion chelating ability and total polyphenol content and flavonoids.Non-toxic dose of the extract(TP-E and CTP-E)was chosen based on 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay.Effect of TP-E and CTP-E on lipopolysaccharides-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)expression was measured by Western blot and quantitative PCR(q RT-PCR).Expression of inflammatory cytokines,such as interleukins(IL-1βand IL-6)and tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α),was quantified using q RT-PCR.Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway was analyzed using Western blot.RESULTS:Phytochemical analysis revealed that both TP-E and CTP-E have strong antioxidant activities and high flavonoid and phenolic contents.TP-E and CTP-E effectively inhibit the expression of i NOS and COX-2,thereby inhibiting its downstream proinflammatory regulators,the extracellular signal-related kinase-1/2,that decreases the expression of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α.CONCLUSION:Phytochemical constituents present in Typha angustifolia Linn could be used for treating inflammation-related diseases.

关键词： Typha angustifolia lipopolysaccharides inflammation NF-kappa B mitogen-activated protein kinases

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Frequently Used Allopathic and Traditional Medicine for COVID-19 Treatment and Feasibility of Their Integration

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2022年第11期28卷 1040-1047页

作者： Aditya Upadhayay Gopal Patel Dharm Pal Awanish Kumar department of biotechnology National Institute of TechnologyRaipurCG(492010)India Laboratory of Medicinal Plant biotechnology College of PharmacyZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou(310053)China department of Chemical engineering National Institute of TechnologyRaipurCG(492010)India

To date,no satisfactory treatment for COVID-19 is available.This review reported few recent updates regarding the drugs(allopathy/traditional medicines)used for the treatment of COVID-19 concerning clinical studies.Content of the article spotlight the contribution of allopathic and Ayurvedic drugs to the scientific basis for utilization as a potential therapy against COVID-19 infection and provide new insights on the integration of allopathy and traditional medicine.It advocated the combination of these two systems of treatment will ascertain their integrations,and there would be a good possibility and scope for developing a model of integration in the management of COVID-19.Provided discussion may help researchers,physicians,and healthcare policymakers to encourage for effective and integrated use of allopathic and Ayurvedic medicines to control the COVID-19 pandemic more effectively.

关键词： COVID-19 allopathy traditional medicine integration promising therapy

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