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Residual feed intake phenotype and gender affect the expression of key genes of the lipogenesis pathway in subcutaneous adipose tissue of beef cattle

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第1期10卷 208-217页

作者： Clare McKenna Richard K.Porter Kate A.Keogh Sinead M.Waters Mark McGee David A.Kenny Animal and Bioscience research department Teagasc Grange School of biochemistry & Immunology Trinity College Dublin

Background: Feed accounts for up to 75% of costs in beef production systems,thus any improvement in feed efficiency(FE) will benefit the profitability of this *** feed intake(RFI) is a measure of FE that is independent of level of *** tissue(AT) is a major endocrine organ and the primary metabolic energy *** modulates a variety of processes related to FE such as lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis and thus measures of inter-animal variation in adiposity are frequently included in the calculation of the RFI *** aim of this study was to determine the effect of phenotypic RFI status and gender on the expression of key candidate genes related to processes involved in energy metabolism within *** matter intake(DMI) and average daily gain(ADG) were measured over a period of 70 d for 52 purebred Simmental heifers(n = 24) and bulls(n = 28) with an initial BW±SD of 372±39.6 kg and 387±50.6 kg,*** feed intake was calculated and animals were ranked within gender by RFI into high(inefficient; n = 9 heifers and n = 8 bulls)and low(efficient; n = 9 heifers and n = 8 bulls) ***: Average daily gain ±SD and daily DMI ±SD for heifers and bul s were 1.2±0.4 kg and 9.1±0.5 kg,and 1.8±0.3 kg and 9.5±1 kg *** RFI heifers and bulls consumed 10% and 15% more(P < 0.05) than their low RFI counterparts,*** had a higher expression of all genes measured than bulls(P < 0.05).A gender × RFI interaction was detected for HMGCS2(P < 0.05) in which high RFI bulls tended to have lower expression of HMGCS2 than low RFI bulls(P < 0.1),whereas high RFI heifers had higher expression than low RFI heifers(P < 0.05) and high RFI bulls(P < 0.05).SLC2 A4 expression was consistently higher in subcutaneous AT of low RFI animals across ***: The findings of this study indicate that low RFI cattle exhibit upregulation of the molecular mechanisms governing glucose metabolism in adipose tiss

关键词： Adipose Cattle RFI SLC2A4

Penile cancer:Updates in systemic therapy

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Asian Journal of Urology 2022年第4期9卷 374-388页

作者： Vidhu B.Joshi Juskaran Chadha Jad Chahoud department of biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA department of Genitourinary Oncology H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research InstituteTampaFLUSA

Penile cancer is a rare genitourinary malignancy with a greater incidence in parts of Asia,South America,and *** are very poor in patients with advanced disease and in those who do not respond to frstine mutimodal *** systemic therapy options,platinum-based chemotherapy is used in the frst line;however,approximately half of patients do not *** rates to systeric therapy as subsequent line treatment are historically *** is also a paucity of prognostic and predictive tools within the context of penile *** such,there remains an urgent need to expand systemic treatment options for patients with advanced penile *** purpose of this review is to summarize the existing evidence for standard-of-care lines of systemic treatment,examine the potential of novel lines of systemic therapy,and provide an update as to the status of these new therapies within the context of penile cancer.

关键词： Penile cancer Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Human papilloma virus Human papilloma virus-vaccine Adoptive cell therapy

A disease-relevant mutation of SPOP highlights functional significance of ATM-mediated DNA damage response

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第2期6卷 235-237页

作者： Mingming Xiao Joshua S.Fried Jinlu Ma Yang Su Rebecca J.Boohaker Qinghua Zeng Yaqi Mo Fanbiao Meng Rong Xiang Bo Xu department of biochemistry and Molecular Biology Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and TherapyMinistry of EducationTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin 300060China department of Oncology Southern Research InstituteBirminghamAL 35205USA Cell Biology Program University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35205USA department of Radiation Oncology First Afliated HospitalXian Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina department of biochemistry and Molecular Biology Nankai University School of MedicineTianjinChina Center for Itelligent Oncology Chongqing University Cancer HospitalChongqing University School of MedicineChongqing 400030China

Dear Editor,Accumulating evidence supports that,as a critical genome guardian mechanism,the DNA damage response(DDR)is a barrier to early *** a crucial DDR pathway,Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated(ATM)-mediated phosphorylation of downstream targets is essential for activation of cell cycle checkpoints,DNA repair,and programed cell death in the presence of DNA *** extensive biochemical and cellular studies on ATM phosphorylation,these phosphorylation sites are rarely mutated in cancers,challenging the pathophysio-logical relevance of ATM-mediated phosphorylation in the disease setting.

关键词： damage DDR ATM

Novel pharmaceutical rationale against human lymphatic filarial parasite:An oxidative premise

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第1期2卷 30-34页

作者： R.D.Sharma P.B.Janardhana D.Gajalakshmi M.V.R.Reddy K.Goswami Jamnalal Bajaj Tropical Disease research centre & department of biochemistry Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical SciencesSevagram-442102India.

Objective:Mandate from WHO has boosted up anti-filarial drug *** citrate(DEC) was not known for any direct effect on filarial ***,recent report proposed its direct apoptotic *** stress has been implicated in apoptotic impact.A study was designed to explore the possibility of oxidative rationale to be operative in the direct anti-filarial effect of ***:Various doses of DEC and potent oxidant H_2O_2 alone were used in vitro to check for the effects on *** microfilariae,followed by the use of DEC in combination with H_2O_*** of the oxidative impact of the drug was tested using the antioxidant,vitamin C and also lipid peroxidation levels in the post incubation culture supematants were ***:As expected,DEC alone failed to record any anti-filarial effect.H_2O_2 alone also failed to show any significant effect until a very high dose was ***,in combination significant anti-filarial effect was noticed,which allowed even 44%reduction in the dose of H_2O_*** significant lipid peroxidation was not *** C demonstrated 30%inhibitory ***:DEC and H_2O_2 combination being able to educe synergistic anti-filarial effect and inhibition of the same by vitamin C hinted towards covert oxidative component in the mechanism of *** implication of non-significant lipid peroxidation was addressed in the perspective of subtle oxidative nexus that seems to be operative in observed anti-filarial effect. Exploration of such rationale might lead to novel drug development.

关键词： DEC H_2O_2 Vitamin C Oxidative stress Anti-filarial drug

Biology and pathology of the uterine micro environ merit and its natural killer cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第9期18卷 2101-2113页

作者： Fuyan Wang Anita Ellen Qualls Laia Marques-Fernandez Francesco Colucci department of Obstetrics&Gynaecology University of CambridgeNational Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research CentreCambridge CB20SWUK department of biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of PathophysiologySchool of MedicineNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China centre for Trophoblast research University of CambridgeCambridge CB23EGUK

Tissues are the new frontier of discoveries in *** of the immune system are an integral part of tissue physiology and *** how immune cells inhabit,housekeep,and defend gut,lung,brain,liver,uterus,and other organs helps revealing the intimate details of tissue physiology and may offer new therapeutic targets to treat *** uterine microenvironment modulates the development and function of innate lymphoid cells[ILC,largely represented by natural killer(NK)cells],macrophages,T cells,and dendritic *** immune cells,in turn,contribute to tissue *** by ovarian hormones,the human uterine mucosa(endometrium)undergoes ~400 monthly cycles of breakdown and regeneration from menarche to menopause,with its fibroblasts,glands,blood vessels,and immune cells remodeling the tissue into the transient *** more transformative changes occur upon blastocyst *** the placenta is formed,the endometrial glands feed the embryo by histiotrophic nutrition while the uterine spiral arteries are stripped of their endothelial layer and smooth muscle *** arterial remodeling is carried out by invading fetal trophoblast and maternal immune cells,chiefly uterine NK(uNK)cells,which also assist fetal *** tran sformed arteries no Ion ger resp ond to mater nal stimuli and meet the increasi ng dema nds of the growing *** review focuses on how the everchanging uterine microenvironment affects uNK cells and how uNK cells regulate homeostasis of the decidua,placenta development,and fetal *** these pathways will help understand the causes of major pregnancy complications.

关键词： Natural killer cells Uterine microenvironment Pregnancy Decidua uNK

Distinct strengths of mTORC1 control T-cell memory via transcriptional FOXO1 and metabolic AMPKα1 pathways in linear cell differentiation and asymmetric cell division models

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第10期19卷 1073-1076页

作者： Junqiong Huang Scot Leary Jim Xiang cancer research Cluster Saskatchewan Cancer AgencySaskatoonSKCanada department of Oncology College of MedicineUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada department of Blood Transfusion Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina department of biochemistry Microbiology and ImmunologyCollege of MedicineUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada

CD8^(+)effector T(T_(E))cells play a critical role in immunity against *** response to a pathogenic stimulus,antigenpresenting cells(APCs)deliver three signals[via T-cell receptor(TCR),costimulation,and cytokines]to naive CD8^(+)T cells,stimulating their entry into a developmental program characterized by T-cell expansion followed by a contraction *** the contraction phase,90-95%of IL-7R^(-)CD62L^(-)KLRG1^(+)T_(E)cells undergo cell apoptosis.

关键词： FOXO1 immunity stimulation

Progress in the study of mercury methylation and demethylation in aquatic environments

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第2期58卷 177-185页

作者： LI YanBin CAI Yong department of Chemistry & biochemistry Southeast Environmental Research CenterFlorida International University

Mercury(Hg) and its compounds are a class of highly toxic and pervasive *** the biogeochemical cycling of Hg,methylmercury(MeHg),a potent neurotoxin,can be produced and subsequently bioaccumulated along the food chain in aquatic *** is among the most widespread contaminants that pose severe health risks to humans and *** of inorganic mercury to MeHg and demethylation of MeHg are the two most important processes in the cycling of MeHg,determining the levels of MeHg in aquatic *** paper reviews recent progress on the study of Hg methylation and demethylation in aquatic environments,focusing on the following three areas:(1) sites and pathways of Hg methylation and demethylation,(2) bioavailability of Hg species for methylation and demethylation,and(3) application of isotope addition techniques in quantitatively estimating the net production of MeHg.

关键词：去甲基化水生环境甲基汞生物地球化学水生生态系统循环过程生物利用度神经毒素

Cumin(Cuminum cyminum)and black cumin(Nigella sativa)seeds:traditional uses,chemical constituents,and nutraceutical effects

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Food Quality and Safety 2018年第1期2卷 1-16页

作者： Krishnapura Srinivasan department of biochemistry CSIR-Central Food Technological Research InstituteMysoreIndia

Although the seeds of cumin(Cuminum cyminum L.)are widely used as a spice for their distinctive aroma,they are also commonly used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of *** literature presents ample evidence for the biomedical activities of cumin,which have generally been ascribed to its bioactive constituents such as terpenes,phenols,and *** health effects of cumin seeds that are experimentally validated are discussed in this *** seeds(Nigella sativa),which are totally unrelated to ***,have nevertheless taken the name‘Black cumin’and used in traditional systems of medicine for many *** pre-clinical and clinical trials have investigated its efficacy using the seed oil,essential oil,and its main constituent thymoquinone(TQ).These investigations support its use either independently or as an adjunct along with conventional drugs in respiratory problems,allergic rhinitis,dyspepsia,metabolic syndrome,diabetes mellitus,inflammatory diseases,and different types of human *** studies made in the last decades validate its health beneficial effects particularly in diabetes,dyslipidemia,hypertension,respiratory disorders,inflammatory diseases,and *** sativa seeds also possess immune stimulatory,gastroprotective,hepatoprotective,nephroprotective,and neuroprotective *** is the most abundant constituent of volatile oil of *** seeds,and most of the medicinal properties of *** are attributed mainly to *** the available evidence suggests that TQ should be developed as a novel drug in clinical trials.

关键词： Cuminum cyminum Nigella sativa digestive stimulant antidiabetic anti-inflammatory cancer preventive immune stimulatory gastroprotective

Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on Growth of Eukaryotic Green Algae

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Nano-Micro Letters 2012年第3期4卷 158-165页

作者： Anjali Dash Anand P.Singh Bansh R.Chaudhary Sunil K.Singh Debabrata Dash department of biochemistry Institute of Medical SciencesBanaras Hindu University centre of Advanced Study in Botany Banaras Hindu University

Silver nanoparticles,endowed with powerful antimicrobial property,are the most widely used nanomaterial in consumer products,with associated risk of their easy access to environment and freshwater ecosystems by surface *** toxic effects of nanosilver on bacterial,fungal and mammalian cells have been documented,its impact on algal growth remains *** oedogonia and Chara vulgaris are predominant members of photosynthetic eukaryotic algae,which form major component of global aquatic *** we report for the first time that nanosilver has significant adverse effects on growth and morphology of these filamentous green algae in a dose-dependent *** of algal thalli to increasing concentrations of silver nanoparticles resulted in progressive depletion in algal chlorophyll content,chromosome instability and mitotic disturbance,associated with morphological malformations in algal *** micrographs revealed dramatic alterations in cell wall in nanoparticle-treated algae,characterized with cell wall rupture and degradation in *** these observations underscore severe deleterious effects of nanosilver on aquatic environment,the information can also be exploited as a bioengineering strategy to control unwanted and persistent growth of noxious algal weeds that clog the municipal water supply and water channels and produce fouling of water bodies.

关键词： Silver nanoparticles Green algae Algal growth Photosynthetic pigment Nanotoxicity