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Cr-catalyzed allylic C(sp^(3))–H addition to aldehydes enabled by photoinduced ligand-to-metal charge transfer

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1589-1595页

作者： Xianrong Zeng Feng-Hua Zhang Runchen Lai Xiaoyu Lin Zhaobin Wang Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province Department of ChemistrySchool of Science and Research Center for Industries of the FutureWestlake UniversityHangzhou 310030China Institute of Natural sciences Westlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhou 310024China Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province Instrumentation and Service Center for Molecular SciencesWestlake UniversityHangzhou 310024China

Photoinduced ligand-to-metal charge transfer(LMCT) has emerged as an effective strategy for synthesizing organic molecules in a sustainable manner. However, the majority of existing reports on selective C(sp^(3))–H bond functionalization via photoinduced LMCT focus on the use of late transition metals or rare-earth metals for radical additions or cross-couplings. In contrast, the utilization of photoinduced LMCT with 3d early transition metals poses a significant challenge. Herein, we describe an unprecedented approach to allylic C(sp^(3))–H addition to aldehydes, employing chromium(Cr) complexes as catalysts through visible-light-induced LMCT. By investigating the reaction pathway through various mechanistic studies, including radical trapping, kinetic isotope effect(KIE) analysis, and transient absorption spectroscopy, valuable insights have been gained. The proposed mechanism suggests the intermediacy of bromine radicals through homolysis of the Cr–Br bond. Notably, this protocol expands our understanding of the photochemical properties of earth-abundant Cr complexes.

关键词： Cr catalysis photoinduced ligand-to-metal charge transfer hydrogen-atom transfer carbonyl addition

Opportunities and challenges in studies of mammalian hybrid speciation

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Science China(Life sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 614-617页

作者： Hong Wu Yuxing Zhang Li Yu State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of bio-Resource in Yunnan School of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming 650091China

Revealing the mechanisms of speciation remains one of the most attractive and challenging issues in the field of evolutionary biology, and is also key to understanding the biodiversity present in nature.

关键词： biodiversity attractive evolutionary

Exploring lysosomal biology: current approaches and methods

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biophysics Reports 2024年第2期10卷 111-120页

作者： Qiuyuan Yin Chonglin Yang State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of bio-resources in Yunnan and Center for Life sciences School of Life Sciences Yunnan University Southwest United Graduate School

Lysosomes are the degradation centers and signaling hubs in the cell. Lysosomes undergo adaptation to maintain cell homeostasis in response to a wide variety of cues. Dysfunction of lysosomes leads to aging and severe diseases including lysosomal storage diseases(LSDs), neurodegenerative disorders,and cancer. To understand the complexity of lysosome biology, many research approaches and tools have been developed to investigate lysosomal functions and regulatory mechanisms in diverse experimental systems. This review summarizes the current approaches and tools adopted for studying lysosomes, and aims to provide a methodological overview of lysosomal research and related fields.

关键词： Lysosome Method Cultured cell C. elegans Mice

Recent updates on nano-phyto-formulations based therapeutic intervention for cancer treatment

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Oncology Research 2024年第1期32卷 19-47页

作者： ABHISHEK WAHI MAMTA BISHNOI NEHA RAINA MEGHNA AMRITA SINGH PIYUSH VERMA PIYUSH KUMAR GUPTA GINPREET KAUR HARDEEP SINGH TULI MADHU GUPTA department of Pharmaceutics School of Pharmaceutical SciencesDelhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University(DPSRU)Pushp ViharNew Delhi110017India department of Pharmaceutical sciences Gurugram UniversityHaryana122003India department of Life sciences Sharda School of Basic Sciences and ResearchSharda UniversityGreater NoidaUttar Pradesh201310India department of biotechnology Graphic Era(Deemed to be University)DehradunUttarakhand248002India department of Pharmacology Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy&Technology ManagementSVKM’s NMIMSVile Parle(West)Mumbai400056India department of bio-sciences and Technology Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering CollegeMaharishi Markandeshwar(Deemed to be University)MullanaAmbala133207India

Cancer is a leading cause of death globally,with limited treatment options and several limitations.Chemotherapeutic agents often result in toxicity which long-term conventional treatment.Phytochemicals are natural constituents that are more effective in treating various diseases with less toxicity than the chemotherapeutic agents providing alternative therapeutic approaches to minimize the resistance.These phytoconstituents act in several ways and deliver optimum effectiveness against cancer.Nevertheless,the effectiveness of phyto-formulations in the management of cancers may be constrained due to challenges related to inadequate solubility,bioavailability,and stability.Nanotechnology presents a promising avenue for transforming current cancer treatment methods through the incorporation of phytochemicals into nanosystems,which possess a range of advantageous characteristics such as biocompatibility,targeted and sustained release capabilities,and enhanced protective effects.This holds significant potential for future advancements in cancer management.Herein,this review aims to provide intensive literature on diverse nanocarriers,highlighting their applications as cargos for phytocompounds in cancer.Moreover,it offers an overview of the current advancements in the respective field,emphasizing the characteristics that contribute to favourable outcomes in both in vitro and in vivo settings.Lastly,clinical development and regulatory concerns are also discussed to check on the transformation of the concept as a promising strategy for combination therapy of phytochemicals and chemotherapeutics that could lead to cancer management in the future.

关键词： Phyto-formulations Cancer Nanocarriers Nanotechnology Clinical development

Large-scale interplant exchange of macromolecules between soybean and dodder under nutrient stresses

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Plant Diversity 2024年第1期46卷 116-125页

作者： Jingxiong Zhang Shalan Li Wenxing Li Zerui Feng Shuhan Zhang Xijie Zheng Yuxing Xu Guojing Shen Man Zhao Guoyan Cao Xuna Wu Jianqiang Wu department of Economic Plants and biotechnology Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant ResourcesKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China CAS Center for Excellence in biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of bio-Resources in Yunnan and Center for Life Science School of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming 650500China

Parasitic plants and their hosts communicate through haustorial connections.Nutrient deficiency is a common stress for plants,yet little is known about whether and how host plants and parasites communicate during adaptation to such nutrient stresses.In this study,we used transcriptomics and proteomics to analyze how soybean(Glycine max)and its parasitizing dodder(Cuscuta australis)respond to nitrate and phosphate deficiency(-N and-P).After-N and-P treatment,the soybean and dodder plants exhibited substantial changes of transcriptome and proteome,although soybean plants showed very few transcriptional responses to-P and dodder did not show any transcriptional changes to either-N or-P.Importantly,large-scale interplant transport of mRNAs and proteins was detected.Although the mobile mRNAs only comprised at most 0.2%of the transcriptomes,the foreign mobile proteins could reach 6.8%of the total proteins,suggesting that proteins may be the major forms of interplant communications.Furthermore,the interplant mobility of macromolecules was specifically affected by the nutrient regimes and the transport of these macromolecules was very likely independently regulated.This study provides new insight into the communication between host plants and parasites under stress conditions.

关键词： Cuscuta Mobile molecules Nutrient deficiency Host plant-parasitic plant interaction Interplant transport Systemic signaling

Differential roles of C-3 and C-6 phosphate monoesters in affecting potato starch properties

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Grain & Oil Science and Technology 2024年第2期7卷 79-86页

作者： Li Ding Andreas Blennow Yuyue Zhong department of Plant and Environmental sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenDenmark department of Sustainable and bio-inspired Materials Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesPotsdamGermany

The effects of starch phosphate monoester content(SPC),namely C-3(C3P)and C-6 phosphate monoesters(C6P),on the starch properties were investigated using four potato starches with varied SPC/C3P/C6P and two nonphosphorylated maize starches with a similar range of amylose content(AC)as controls.The starch property results showed that a higher SPC is associated with lower turbidity,storage and loss modulus after storage,and water solubility,but higher swelling power(SP)and pasting viscosities.These findings suggested that SPC inhibited molecular rearrangement during storage and starch leaching during heating,and enhanced swelling and viscosities due to increased hydration and water uptake caused by the repulsion effect of phosphate groups and a less ordered crystalline structure.Increased SPC also resulted in lower resistant starch(RS)content in a native granular state but higher RS after retrogradation.Pearson correlations further indicated that SPC/C3P/C6P were positively correlated with peak(r^(2)=0.925,0.873 and 0.930,respectively),trough(r^(2)=0.994,0.968 and 0.988,respectively),and final viscosities(r^(2)=0.981,0.968 and 0.971,respectively).Notably,SPC,mainly C3P,exhibited a significantly positive correlation with SP(r^(2)=0.859)and setback viscosity(r^(2)=0.867),whereas SPC,mainly C6P,showed a weak positive correlation with RS after retrogradation(r^(2)=0.746).However,SPC had no significant correlations with water solubility,turbidity and rheology properties,which were more correlated with AC.These findings are helpful for the food industry to select potato starches with desired properties based on their contents of SPC,C3P,or C6P.

关键词： Starch phosphate monoesters C-3 phosphate monoesters C-6 phosphate monoesters Physicochemical properties In vitro digestibility

The Nano Research Young Innovators Awards in bio-inspired nanomaterials

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 417-425页

作者： Jun Chen Shuotao Wang department of bioengineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA Key Laboratory of bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Nano Research Young Innovators(NR45)Awards are designed to acknowledge and celebrate the achievements of young researchers under 45 years of age.These individuals have made significant contributions to the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology.Since the inaugural NR45 Awards in 2018,the journal's editorial board has recognized over a hundred innovators specializing in nanobiotechnology,nano energy,two-dimensional materials,and nanocatalysis.The focus of the 2023 NR45 Awards is on bioinspired nanomaterials,acknowledging thirty-three outstanding young innovators for their extraordinary contributions in developing these materials with applications spanning clean energy,human healthcare,monitoring,and disease treatments,as shown in Fig.1.We extend our heartfelt congratulations to all the 33 NR45 Awardees in 2023!

关键词： journal materials contributions

Reduced clinical severity during 2022 Shanghai Spring epidemic of SARS-CoV-2 omicron BA.2 variant infection——an integrated account of virus pathogenicity and vaccination effectiveness

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 24-27页

作者： Xingyue Wu Yao Chen Kangli Cao Yao Shen Xueling Wu Yilin Yang Zhongshu Kuang Qingrun Li Zhenzhen Lu Yichen Jia Mian Shao Guorong Gu Xiangwei Wang Ye Yao Ying Wang Shaodie Chen Zhigao Yu Wei Wei Longfei Ding Lulu Lan Tianwen Gu Xiangyu Long Jian Sun Lingyu Xing Jiayuan Shen Yi Han Yue Luo Sucheng Mu Mengna Lin Xiaoyan Zhang Rong Zeng Jianqing Xu Guoping Zhao Lihong Huang Zhenju Song department of Emergency Medicine Clinical Center for Bio-Therapy Department of Biostatistics and Department of UrologyShanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Shanghai Pudong Hospital Fudan University department of Pulmonology Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Key Laboratory of Systems biology Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center Fudan University department of biostatistics School of Public Health Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education and Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity School of Public Health Fudan University Shanghai Institute of Immunology Department of Immunology and Microbiology Shanghai Institute of Virology Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of EducationSchool of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Fudan Microbiome CenterSchool of Life Sciences Fudan University bio-Med Big Data Center Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences

The emergence of SARS-Co V-2 variant of concern omicron BA.2 led to high infection incidence rates as well as reduced severity of COVID-19 during the Shanghai Spring epidemic of 2022 [1]. We assessed the role of viral pathogenicity and the effectiveness of inactivated vaccines in a retrospective observational study including 10 258 confirmed COVID-19cases identified between April and June of 2022, from four COVID-19 designated hospitals located in two areas of Shanghai, namely the West Bund and the East Bund, where the populations’ demographic characteristics varied significantly (Table S1, Fig. S1).

关键词： REPLICATION

A comprehensive review on pharmacognosy, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of 8 potent Prunus species of southeast Asia

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第3期44卷 620-628页

作者： Shikha Agrawal Adarsh Kumar Ankit Kumar Singh Harshwardhan Singh Suresh Thareja Pradeep Kumar department of Pharmaceutical sciences and Natural Products Central University of Punjab

Genus Prunus comprising around 430 species is a vast important genus of family Rosaceae, subfamily amygdalaoidae. Among all 430 species, around 19 important species are commonly found in Indian subcontinent due to their broad nutritional and economic importance. Some most common species of genus Prunus are Prunus amygdalus, Prunus persica, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus avium, Prunus cerasus, Prunus cerasoides, Prunus domestica, Prunus mahaleb, etc. A newly introduced species of Prunus i.e Prunus sunhangii is recently discovered which is morphologically very similar to Prunus cerasoides. Plants of Prunus species are short to medium-sized deciduous trees mainly found in the northern hemisphere. In India and its subcontinent,it extends from the Himalayas to Sikkim, Meghalaya,Bhutan, Myanmar etc. Different Prunus species have been extensively studied for their morphological,microscopic, pharmacological and phytoconstituents characteristics. Total phenolic content of Prunus species explains the presence of phenols in high quantity and pharmacological activity due to phenols. Phytochemical screening of species of genus Prunus shows the presence of wide phytoconstituents which contributes in their pharmacological significance and reveals the therapeutic potential and traditional medicinal significance of this genus. Genus Prunus showed a potent antioxidant activity analyzed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical assay. Plant species belonging to the genus Prunus is widely used traditionally for the treatment of various disorders. Some specific Prunus species possess potent anticancer, anti-inflammatory,hypoglycemic etc. activity which makes the genus more interesting for further research and findings. This review is an attempt to summarize the comprehensive study of Prunus species from its distribution, morphological characters to phytoconstituents, and pharmacological activity.

关键词： Prunus Rosaceae antineoplastic agents distribution hypoglycemic agents phytochemistry review