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Effects of population aging on the mortality burden of related cancers in urban and rural areas of China, 2004–2017: a population-based study

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2022年第5期19卷 696-706页

作者： Yali Chen Cuihong Yang Ning Li Zixing Wang Peng Wu Jin Du Jingmei Jiang department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Science/School of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China

Objective:China is a developing country with urban–rural disparities and accelerating population aging.Therefore,quantifying the effects of population aging on the cancer mortality burden is urgently needed.Methods:Using data from China’s death surveillance datasets(2004–2017),we decomposed and quantified the effects of population aging and factor variations on cancer mortality rates in urban and rural China during 2004–2017 through a decomposition method.R ratios were used to assess the extent of the mortality decreases attributable to factor variations offsetting the increases attributable to population aging for 4 aging-related cancers(lung,colorectal,esophageal,and stomach cancer).Results:Overall,population aging has led to continued increases in cancer mortality rates in China during 2004–2017(mortality rates attributable to population aging:8.63/100,000 for urban men,4.21/100,000 for urban women,11.95/100,000 for rural men,and 5.66/100,000 for rural women).The 4 cancers displayed 3 patterns.The mortality rates from lung cancer in rural China and from colorectal cancer nationwide increased because of both population aging and factor variations.Population aging was primarily responsible for the growing mortality due to lung cancer in urban areas.However,for esophageal and stomach cancer,the effect of population aging was not dominant,thus resulting in decreases in mortality rates.Conclusions:Health resource allocation should prioritize areas or cancers more adversely affected by population aging.The burden of cancer will continue to increase in the future,because of rapid population aging,but can still be offset or even reversed with enhanced cancer control and prevention.

关键词： Population aging cancer mortality rural-urban disparity decomposition

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Noncommunicable Disease Mortality with Population Aging in Eastern,Central,and Western Regions of China:Current Status and Projection to 2030

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Biomedical and Environmental sciences 2022年第10期35卷 976-980页

作者： YANG Cui Hong CHEN Ya Li LI Ning WANG Zi Xing HAN Wei XUE Fang WU Peng GU Wen Tao DU Jin JIANG Jing Mei department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Science/School of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China

The main noncommunicable diseases(NCDs)are cardiovascular disease,cancer,respiratory diseases,and diabetes,with the first two accounting for 66%of deaths attributable to NCDs worldwide[1].In 2019,global NCD deaths ros... 详细信息

关键词： diseases cardiovascular respiratory

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High-throughput sequencing to evaluate the effects of methamphetamine on the succession of the bacterial community to estimate the postmortem interval

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Forensic sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 736-747页

作者： Shujuan Wang Wei Chen Yanjie Shang Lipin Ren Xiangyan Zhang Yadong Guo Changquan Zhang department of Forensic science School of Basic Medical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaChina

In forensic medical examinations,estimating the postmortem interval(PMI)is an important factor.Methamphetamine(MA)is a synthetic stimulant that is commonly abused,and estimation of the PMI after MA abuse has become one of the main tasks in forensic investigation.Microorganisms play a vital role in carrion decomposition.Analysing the bacterial succession patterns can be used as a forensic tool to estimate the PMI.The present study aimed to analyse bacterial succession changes during the decomposition of MA to estimate the PMI.We analysed bacterial communities in rabbits treated with three different concentrations of MA(0,22.5,and 90 mg/kg)under the natural conditions of 20°C and 70%humidity by sequencing 16S rRNA gene amplicons using the Illumina MiSeq system.We obtained 2374209 high-quality sequences and 2937 operational taxonomic units(OTUs).The relative abundances of the bacterial communities varied markedly in response to different MA concentrations.Interestingly,in response to the different concentrations of MA,Bacteroidetes became disparate in the rectum in the late PMI.Increased numbers of bacterial taxa were identified in the rectum and buccal cavity samples,except at the highest concentration of MA in the rectum samples when PMI was 0-h,than were present in live rabbits.Meanwhile,the PMI correlated significantly with bacterial succession at different taxonomic levels.Our results suggested that bacterial community succession could be used as a“microbial clock”to estimate the PMI in cases of MA-related death;however,further study is required to gain a deeper understanding of this concept.

关键词： Forensic sciences methamphetamine microbes bacterial community succession postmortem interval high-throughput sequencing

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miR-34b-3p Inhibition of eIF4E Causes Post-stroke Depression in Adult Mice

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第2期39卷 194-212页

作者： Xiao Ke Manfei Deng Zhuoze Wu Hongyan Yu Dian Yu Hao Li Youming Lu Kai Shu Lei Pei department of Neurobiology School of Basic MedicineTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China The Institute for Brain Research Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China department of Pathophysiology Basic Medical SchoolNorth Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchong 637100China department of Physiology School of Basic MedicineTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China department of Neurosurgery Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China

Post-stroke depression(PSD)is a serious and common complication of stroke,which seriously afects the rehabilitation of stroke patients.To date,the pathogenesis of PSD is unclear and efective treatments remain unavailable.Here,we established a mouse model of PSD through photothrombosis-induced focal ischemia.By using a combination of brain imaging,transcriptome sequencing,and bioinformatics analysis,we found that the hippocampus of PSD mice had a signifcantly lower metabolic level than other brain regions.RNA sequencing revealed a signifcant reduction of miR34b-3p,which was expressed in hippocampal neurons and inhibited the translation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E(eIF4E).Furthermore,silencing eIF4E inactivated microglia,inhibited neuroinfammation,and abolished the depression-like behaviors in PSD mice.Together,our data demonstrated that insufcient miR34b-3p after stroke cannot inhibit eIF4E translation,which causes PSD by the activation of microglia in the hippocampus.Therefore,miR34b-3p and eIF4E may serve as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of PSD.

关键词： Post-stroke depression Hippocampus miRNA Microglia Neuroinfammation

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Isocoreopsin: An active constituent of n-butanol extract of Butea monosperma flowers against colorectal cancer(CRC)

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2016年第5期6卷 318-325页

作者： Boopathi Subramaniyan Navaneethakrishnan Polachi Ganeshan Mathan department of Biomedical science School of Basic Medical Science Bharathidasan University

The herb Butea monosperma constitutes several human health beneficial components, which are mostly studied for their anticancer effects. In this study, the activity of n-butanol fractions of B. monosperma floral extract was examined on inhibiting aberrant crypt foci(ACF) formation in azoxymethane induced Wistar albino rats. The n-butanol extracts(150 mg/kg) decreased the ACF formation(per rat) by 92% and78% in short- and long-term in vivo treatments, respectively. All the compounds in the n-butanol extract were isolated and purified using column and reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatography(HPLC).Their structures were characterized using UV–visible spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)and electrospray–ionisation mass spectrometry(ESI–MS) to determine important flavonoids, namely isocoreopsin, butrin and isobutrin. These compounds were studied for their free radical scavenging and anticancer activities. The compound isocoreopsin showed significantly greater efficacy in cell death on human colon and liver cancer cell lines(50 μg/m L in HT-29 and 100 μg/m L in Hep G2) than butrin(100 μg/m L in HT-29 and 500 μg/m L in Hep G2) and isobutrin(80 μg/m L in HT-29 and 150 μg/m L in Hep G2). These results suggest that isocoreopsin, butrin and isobutrin are the important key compounds for the chemoprevention of colon cancer and isocoreopsin can be considered as a promising novel drug.

关键词： Butea monosperma n-Butanol extracts Column chromatography HPLC Isocoreopsin

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Neuronal autophagy aggravates microglial inflammatory injury by downregulating CX3CL1/fractalkine after ischemic stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第2期14卷 280-288页

作者： Hong-Yun He Lu Ren Tao Guo Yi-Hao Deng department of basic Medicine Medical School Kunming University of Science and Technology

Ischemic stroke often induces excessive neuronal autophagy, resulting in brain damage; meanwhile, inflammatory responses stimulated by ischemia exacerbate neural injury. However, interactions between neuronal autophagy and microglial inflammation following ischemic stroke are poorly understood. CX3CL1/fractalkine, a membrane-bound chemokine expressed on neurons, can suppress microglial inflammation by binding to its receptor CX3CR1 on microglia. In the present study, to investigate whether autophagy could alter CX3CL1 expression on neurons and consequently change microglial inflammatory activity, middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) was established in Sprague-Dawley rats to model ischemic stroke, and tissues from the ischemic penumbra were obtained to evaluate autophagy level and microglial inflammatory activity. MCAO rats were administered 3-methyladenine(autophagy inhibitor) or Tat-Beclin 1(autophagy inducer). Western blot assays were conducted to quantify expression of Beclin-1, nuclear factor kappa Bp65(NF-κB), light chain 3B(LC3B), and CX3CL1 in ischemic penumbra. Moreover, immunofluorescence staining was performed to quantify numbers of LC3B-, CX3CL1-, and Iba-1-positive cells in ischemic penumbra. In addition, enzyme linked immunosorbent assays were utilized to analyze concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α), interleukin 6(IL-6), interleukin 1 beta(IL-1β), and prostaglandin E2(PGE2). A dry/wet weight method was used to detect brain water content, while 2,3,5,-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining was utilized to measure infarct volume. The results demonstrated that autophagy signaling(Beclin-1 and LC3B expression) in penumbra was prominently activated by MCAO, while CX3CL1 expression on autophagic neurons was significantly reduced and microglial inflammation was markedly activated. However, after inhibition of autophagy signaling with 3-methyladenine, CX3CL1 expression on neurons was obviously increased, whereas Iba-1 and NF-κB expression was downregulated; TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and PGE2 leve

关键词： nerve regeneration ischemic stroke neuronal autophagy microglial inflammation CX3CL1 autophagic neurons autophagy induction autophagy inhibition neural regeneration

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TNP-ATP is Beneficial for Treatment of Neonatal HypoxiaInduced Hypomyelination and Cognitive Decline

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2016年第1期32卷 99-107页

作者： Jie Xiao Yilong Huang Xia Li Longjun Li Ting Yang Lixuan Huang Ling Yang Hong Jiang Hongchun Li Fan Li department of Pathology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Science Kunming Medical University

Our previous study together with other inves- tigations have reported that neonatal hypoxia or ischemia induces long-term cognitive through brain inflammation impairment, at least in part and hypomyelination. How- ever, the detailed mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we used a rodent model of neonatal hypoxia by subjecting postnatal day 0 （P0） rat pups to systemic hypoxia （3.5 h）. We found that neonatal hypoxia increased the glutamate content and initiated inflammatory responses at 4 h and 1 day after hypoxia, caused hypomyelination in the corpus callosum, and impaired hippocampus-dependent learning and memory when assessed 30-60 days after hypoxia. Interestingly, much of the hypoxia-induced brain damage was ameliorated by treatment with the ATP ana- logue 21,3-0-（2,4,6-trinitrophenyl）-adenosine 5^-triphos- phate （TNP-ATP; blocks all ionotropic P2Xl-7 receptors）, whereas treatment with pyridoxalphosphate-6-azophenyl- 2＇,4＇-disulphonic acid （PPADS; inhibits P2X1-3 and P2X5- 7 receptors） was less neuroprotective. Our data indicated that activation of ionotropic ATP receptors might be par- tially, if not fully, involved in glutamate deregulation, neuroinflammation, hypomyelination, and cognitive dys- function after neonatal hypoxia.

关键词： Neonatal hypoxia. Inflammation. IonotropicATP receptors - Glutamate Memory deficit

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Globular adiponectin ameliorates insulin resistance in skeletal muscle by enhancing the LKB1-mediated AMPK activation via SESN2

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运动医学与健康科学(英文) 2023年第1期5卷 34-41页

作者： Xinmeng Liu Yang Yang Heng Shao Sujuan Liu Yanmei Niu Li Fu department of Rehabilitation School of Medical TechnologyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina department of Anatomy and Histology School of Basic Medical ScienceTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina

Adiponectin has been demonstrated to be a mediator of insulin sensitivity;however,the underlined mechanisms remain unclear.SESN2 is a stress-inducible protein that phosphorylates AMPK in different tissues.In this study,we aimed to validate the amelioration of insulin resistance by globular adiponectin(gAd)and to reveal the role of SESN2 in the improvement of glucose metabolism by gAd.We used a high-fat diet-induced wild-type and SESN2/C57BL/6J insulin resistance mice model to study the effects of six-week aerobic exercise or gAd administration on insulin resistance.In vitro study,C2C12 myotubes were used to determine the potential mechanism by overexpressing or inhibiting SESN2.Similar to exercise,six-week gAd administration decreased fasting glucose,triglyceride and insulin levels,reduced lipid deposition in skeletal muscle and reversed whole-body insulin resistance in mice fed on a high-fat diet.Moreover,gAd enhanced skeletal muscle glucose uptake by activating insulin signaling.However,these effects were diminished in SESN2/mice.We found that gAd administration increased the expression of SESN2 and Liver kinase B1(LKB1)and increased AMPK-T172 phosphorylation in skeletal muscle of wild-type mice,while in SESN2/mice,LKB1 expression was also increased but the pAMPKT172 was unchanged.At the cellular level,gAd increased cellular SESN2 and pAMPK-T172 expression.Immunoprecipitation experiment suggested that SESN2 promoted the formation of complexes of AMPK and LKB1 and hence phosphorylated AMPK.In conclusion,our results revealed that SESN2 played a critical role in gAd-induced AMPK phosphorylation,activation of insulin signaling and skeletal muscle insulin sensitization in mice with insulin resistance.

关键词： Adiponectin Sestrins AMP-Activated protein kinase Exercise training Glucose homeostasis

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Functional macrophages and gastrointestinal disorders

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第11期24卷 1181-1195页

作者： Yue-Hong Liu Yue Ding Chen-Chen Gao Li-Sheng Li Yue-Xiu Wang Jing-Dong Xu School of basic medical science Beijing Capital Medical University department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical ScienceCapital Medical University Function Platform Center School of Basic Medical ScienceCapital Medical University Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Capital Medical University

Macrophages(MΦ) differe ntiate from blood monocytes and participate in innate and adaptive immunity.Because of their abilities to recognize pathogens and activate bactericidal activities,MΦ are always discovered at the site of immune defense.MΦ in the intestine are unique,such that in the healthy intestine,they possess complex mechanisms to protect the gut from inflammation.In these complex mechanisms,they produce anti-inflammatory cytokines,such as interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β,and inhibit the inflammatory pathways mediated by Toll-like receptors.It has been demonstrated that resident MΦ play a crucial role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis,and they can be recognized by their unique markers.Nonetheless,in the inflamed intestine,the function of MΦ will change because of environmental variation,which may be one of the mechanisms of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).We provide further explanation about these mechanisms in our review.In addition,we review recent discoveries that MΦ may be involved in the development of gastrointestinal tumors.We will highlight the possible therapeutic targets for the management of IBD and gastrointestinal tumors,and we also discuss why more details are needed to fully understand all other effects of intestinal MΦ.

关键词： Macrophages Homeostasis Inflammatory bowel disease Gastrointestinal tumors Therapeutic targets

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Application of Cameriere’s method for dental age estimation in children in South China

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Forensic sciences Research 2022年第2期7卷 106-114页

作者： Zedeng Yang Dan Wen Jiao Xiao Qianying Liu Shule Sun Aliye Kureshi Yunfeng Chang Lagabaiyila Zha department of Forensic science School of Basic Medical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaChina Xinjiang medical University UrumqiChina

The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of Cameriere’s European formula for age estimation in children in South China and to adapt the formula to establish a more suitable formula for these children.Moreover,the performance of dental age estimation based on Cameriere’s method combining the developmental information of permanent teeth(PT)and third molar(TM)was also analysed.Orthopantomographs of 720 healthy children in Group A,and orthopantomographs of 320 children and 280 subadults in Group B were assessed.The samples of Group A were divided into training dataset 1 and test dataset 1,and the samples of Group B were also divided into training dataset 2 and test dataset 2.A South China-specific formula was established based on the training dataset 1,and the comparison of accuracy between the Cameriere’s European formula and the South China-specific formula was conducted with the test dataset 1.Additionally,a PT regression model,a TM regression model,and a combined regression model(PTþTM)were established based on the training dataset 2,and the performance of these three models were validated on the test dataset 2.The Cameriere’s European formula underestimated chronological age with a mean difference(ME)of-0.47±1.11 years in males and-0.69±1.19 years in females.However,the South China-specific formula underestimated chronological age,with a mean difference(ME)of-0.02±0.71 years in males and-0.14±0.73 years in females.Compared with PT model and TM model,the PT and TM combined model obtained the smallest root mean square error(RMSE)of 1.29 years in males and 0.93 years in females.In conclusion,the South China-specific formula was more suitable for assessing the dental age of children in South China,and the PT and TM combined model can improve the accuracy of dental age estimation in children.

关键词： Forensic sciences dental age estimation Cameriere’s method SouthChina linear regression

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