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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第10期15卷 1844-1845页

作者： Krisztián Pajer Tamás Bellák Antal Nógrádi department of anatomy Histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine University of Szeged

Pathophysiology of spinal cord injury:Injury to the spinal cord results in loss of gray and white matter i.e.,it produces a segmental spinal cord lesion and,as a consequence leads to a fatal loss of motor,sensory and autonomic *** cord injuries in humans and other mammals are not followed by the replacement of lost neurons and oligodendrocytes and regrowth of injured axons,instead they lead to permanent,fatal and incurable functional *** primary physical injury is followed by a cascade of tissue-decaying events,called secondary injury,which leads to ischemia,vascular disruption,neuroinflammation,excitotoxicity,demyelination and death of neurons and glial cells(Silva et al.,2014;Figure 1A).The direct mechanical disruption of the vasculature results in the increased permeability of the blood-spinal cord *** to the leakiness of blood-spinal cord barrier and production of cytokines by activated microglia,a number of various immune cells(T lymphocytes,neutrophils and monocytes)invade the injury *** macrophages generate a set of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin(IL)-1α,IL-1β,and IL-6,which may further augment the secondary events(Ahuja et al.,2017).In addition,a number of other disruptive processes contribute to the heterogeneous and time-sensitive pathophysiology of spinal cord injury.

关键词： mutual Figure injuries

PPP1R14A is Associated with Immunotherapy Resistance in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Identified by Single-Cell and Bulk RNA-Sequencing

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Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 2024年第2期39卷 111-121页

作者： Jun-Jie Ma Lei Zhang Jin Lu Hao-Xuan Zhang department of Clinical Medicine Bengbu Medical UniversityBengbu 233030AnhuiChina department of General Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityBengbu 233030AnhuiChina department of Human anatomy Bengbu Medical UniversityBengbu 233030AnhuiChina Anhui Key Laboratory of Computational Medicine and Intelligent Health Bengbu Medical UniversityBengbu 233030AnhuiChina

Objective To identify nivolumab resistance-related genes in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)using single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing *** The single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing data downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database were analyzed to screen out differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between nivolumab resistant and nivolumab sensitive patients using R *** Least Absolute Shrinkage Selection Operator(LASSO)regression and Recursive Feature Elimination(RFE)algorithm were performed to identify key genes associated with nivolumab *** enrichment of DEGs was analyzed with Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes *** relationships of key genes with immune cell infiltration,differentation trajectory,dynamic gene expression profiles,and ligand-receptor interaction were *** We found 83 *** were mainly enriched in T-cell differentiation,PD-1 and PD-L1 checkpoint,and T-cell receptor *** six key genes identified using machine learning algorithms,only PPP1R14A gene was differentially expressed between the nivolumab resistant and nivolumab sensitive groups both before and after immunotherapy(P0,P<0.05),lower differentiation of infiltrated immune cells(P<0.05),and a higher degree of interaction between HLA and CD4(P<0.05).Conclusions PPP1R14A gene is closely associated with resistance to nivolumab in HNSCC ***,PPP1R14A may be a target to ameliorate nivolumab resistance of HNSCC patients.

关键词： PPP1R14A head and neck squamous cell carcinoma immunotherapy drug resistance

Aberrant bile duct communicating with the cystic duct:From early detection to management of late surgical complications

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第4期23卷 412-416页

作者： Phonthep Angsuwatcharakon Pradermchai Kongkam Wiriyaporn Ridtitid Panida Piyachaturawat Phuphat Vongwattanakit Prooksa Ananchuensook Natee Faknak Kunvadee Vanduangden Rungsun Rerknimitr department of anatomy Faculty of MedicineChulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial HospitalBangkokThailand Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineFaculty of MedicineChulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial HospitalBangkokThailand department of Surgery Faculty of MedicineChulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial HospitalBangkokThailand Center of Excellence for Innovation and Endoscopy in Gastrointestinal Oncology Faculty of MedicineChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand

The aberrant hepatic duct is classified by Huang et al.[1]into type A(right intrahepatic duct variant)and type B(left intrahepatic duct variant).Type A and B are further classified into 5(A1-5)and 6(B1-6)subtypes,*** variation of cystic duct involves only in type *** A1 or classic arrangement refers to the formation of the common hepatic duct(CHD)by the left hepatic duct(LHD)and the right hepatic duct(RHD).The RHD has two tributaries composed of the right anterior hepatic duct(RAHD)and the right posterior hepatic duct(RPHD).Then,the common bile duct(CBD)is formed when the cystic duct joins with the CHD(Fig.1).Type A2 refers to the RAHD and RPHD joining with LHD at hepatic hilum,and the absence of the *** A3 refers to the RAHD or RPHD directly draining to the *** A4 refers to the RAHD or RPHD directly draining to the *** A5 refers to the RAHD,RPHD or RHD directly draining to the cystic duct(or aberrant bile duct communicating with the cystic duct,ACC)(Fig.1)[1].

关键词： bile hepatic RPH

N-acetylserotonin alleviates retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury via HMGB1/RAGE/NF-κB pathway in rats

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第2期17卷 228-238页

作者： Yu-Ze Zhao Xue-Ning Zhang Yi Yin Pei-Lun Xiao Meng Gao Lu-Ming Zhang Shuan-Hu Zhou Shu-Na Yu Xiao-Li Wang Yan-Song Zhao department of Ophthalmology Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang 261031Shandong ProvinceChina School of Medical Imaging Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang 261053Shandong ProvinceChina department of anatomy Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang 261053Shandong ProvinceChina departments of Orthopedic Surgery Brigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA

AIM:To observe the effects of N-acetylserotonin(NAS)administration on retinal ischemia-reperfusion(RIR)injury in rats and explore the underlying mechanisms involving the high mobility group box 1(HMGB1)/receptor for advanced glycation end-products(RAGE)/nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)signaling ***:A rat model of RIR was developed by increasing the pressure of the anterior chamber of the *** male Sprague Dawley were randomly divided into five groups:sham group(n=8),RIR group(n=28),RIR+NAS group(n=28),RIR+FPS-ZM1 group(n=8)and RIR+NAS+FPS-ZM1 group(n=8).The therapeutic effects of NAS were examined by hematoxylin-eosin(H&E)staining,and retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)*** expression of interleukin 1 beta(IL-1β),HMGB1,RAGE,and nod-like receptor 3(NLRP3)proteins and the phosphorylation of nuclear factorkappa B(p-NF-κB)were analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining and Western blot *** expression of HMGB1 protein was also detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).RESULTS:H&E staining results showed that NAS significantly reduced retinal edema and increased the number of RGCs in RIR *** NAS therapy,the HMGB1 and RAGE expression decreased significantly,and the activation of the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway was antagonized along with the inhibition of p-NF-κB and NLRP3 protein ***,NAS exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect by reducing IL-1β*** inhibitory of RAGE binding to HMGB1 by RAGE inhibitor FPS-ZM1 led to a significant decrease of p-NF-κB and NLRP3 expression,so as to the IL-1βexpression and retinal edema,accompanied by an increase of RGCs in RIR ***:NAS may exhibit a neuroprotective effect against RIR via the HMGB1/RAGE/NF-κB signaling pathway,which may be a useful therapeutic target for retinal disease.

关键词： retinal diseases retinal ischemia—reperfusion injury N-acetylserotonin high mobility group box 1 receptor for advanced glycation end-products nuclear factor-κB rats

Enhancing sensitivity of triple-negative breast cancer to DNA-damaging therapy through chemical inhibition of the m6A methyltransferase METTL3

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Cancer Communications 2024年第2期44卷 282-286页

作者： Bianca Cesaro Alessia Iaiza Fabio Piscopo Marco Tarullo Eleonora Cesari Dante Rotili Antonello Mai Alberto Diana Michela Londero Luca Del Giacco Riccardo Masetti Alba Di Leone Chiara Naro Silvia Masciarelli Giulia Fontemaggi Claudio Sette Francesco Fazi Alessandro Fatica department of Anatomical HistologicalForensic&Orthopedic SciencesSection of Histology&Medical EmbryologySapienza University of RomeRomeItaly department of Biology and Biotechnologies“Charles Darwin” Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly GSTeP Organoids Research Core Facility Fondazione Policlinico A.Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico(IRCCS)RomeItaly department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly Pasteur Institute Cenci-Bolognetti FoundationSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly department of BioSciences University of MilanMilanItaly Multidisciplinary Breast Center Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna e del Bambino e di SanitàPubblicaCatholic University of the Sacred HeartRomeItaly department of Neuroscience Section of Human AnatomyCatholic University of the Sacred HeartRomeItaly Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer InstituteRomeItaly

Dear Editor,N 6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)is a critical mRNA modi-fication catalyzed by the enzyme methyltransferase-like 3(METTL3),with implications in RNA ***3 upregulation is associated with cancer progres-sion,metast... 详细信息

关键词： cancer methyltransferase metastasis

The immune system:uncharted pathways between senses and the brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1173-1174页

作者： Noelia Casares Mar Cuadrado-Tejedor Ana García-Osta Juan JoséLasarte Immunology and Immunotherapy Program Centre for Applied Medical Research(CIMA)University of NavarraIDISNAPamplonaSpain Division of Gene Therapy for Neurological Disorders Centre for Applied Medical Research(CIMA)University of NavarraIDISNAPamplonaSpain Pathology Anatomy and Physiology DepartmentSchool of MedicineUniversity of NavarraIDISNAPamplonaSpain

Humans and animals use the classic five senses-sight,hearing,touch,smell,and taste-to detect and monitor their environment,with the sense of position and movement often referred to as the sixth *** perception of external signals through the senses is essential to an organism's survival,transmitting signals to the central nervous system(CNS)and prompting physiological changes in other biological *** addition to the direct effects of sense-induced mediators in the brain.

关键词： prompt system transmitting

anatomy and embryology of umbilicus in newborns： a review and clinical correlations

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Frontiers of Medicine 2016年第3期10卷 271-277页

作者： Abdelmonem A. Hegazy department of anatomy and embryology Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig 44519 Egypt

Umbilicus is considered a mirror of the abdomen in newborns. Despite its importance, the umbilicus has been stated in literature and textbooks as discrete subjects with many body systems, such as the urinary, digestive, and cardiovascular ones. This article aimed to address the basic knowledge of the umbilicus in relation to clinical disorders under one integrated topic to aid physicians and surgeons in assessing newborns and infants. The umbilicus appears as early as the fourth week of fetal life when the folding of the embryonic plate occurs. The umbilicus appears initially as a primitive umbilical ring on the ventral aspect of the body. The primitive umbilicus contains the connecting stalk, umbilical vessels, vitelline duct and vessels, allantois, and loop of the intestine. Changes occur to form the definitive cord, which contains three umbilical vessels, namely, ＂one vein and two arteries,＂ embedded in Wharton＇s jelly. After birth, the umbilical vessels inside the body obliterate and gradually form ligaments. Congenital disorders at the umbilicus include herniation, bleeding, and discharge of mucous, urine, or feces. Some of these disorders necessitate emergent surgical interference, whereas others may be managed conservatively. The umbilicus has many embryological remnants. Thus, the umbilicus is prone to various clinical disorders. Detecting these disorders as early as possible is essential to prevent or minimize possible complications.

关键词： anatomy embryology newboms umbilicus

Role of adhesion molecules in cancer and targeted therapy

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 940-957页

作者： Chunmei Fan Fang Xiong Shanshan Zhang Zhaojian Gong Qianjin Liao Guiyuan Li Can Guo Wei Xiong He Huang Zhaoyang Zeng NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410000China department of Histology and embryology Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha410013China department of Stomatology Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410078China department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410011China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education Cancer Research InstituteCentral South UniversityChangsha 410078China

Adhesion molecules mediate cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix interactions and transmit mechanical and chemical signals among *** mechanisms deregulate adhesion molecules in cancer,enabling tumor cells to proliferate without restraint,invade through tissue boundaries,escape from immune surveillance,and survive in the tumor *** studies have revealed that adhesion molecules also drive angiogenesis,reshape metabolism,and are involved in stem cell *** this review,we summarize the functions and mechanisms of adhesion molecules in cancer and the tumor microenvironment,as well as the therapeutic strategies targeting adhesion *** studies have implications for furthering our understanding of adhesion molecules in cancer and providing a paradigm for exploring novel therapeutic approaches.

关键词： adhesion molecules tumor microenvironment invasion and metastasis reshaping metabolism angiogenesis immune evasion tumor stemness therapeutic strategy

Asiaticoside ameliorates type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats by modulating carbohydrate metabolism and regulating insulin signaling

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第9期14卷 401-409页

作者： B.Prathap V.Satyanarayanan K.Duraipandian P.Subashree department of Pharmacology Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research CenterMaduranthakam 603308Tamil NaduIndia department of Pharmacology SRM Medical College Hospital and Research CenterKattankulathur 603211Tamil NaduIndia department of anatomy Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research CenterMaduranthakam 603308Tamil NaduIndia department of Ophthalmology Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research CenterMaduranthakam 603308Tamil NaduIndia

Objective:To evaluate the effect of asiaticoside on streptozotocin(STZ)and nicotinamide(NAD)-induced carbohydrate metabolism abnormalities and deregulated insulin signaling pathways in ***:Asiaticoside(50 and 100 mg/kg body weight)was administered to STZ-NAD-induced diabetic rats for 45 days,and its effects on hyperglycaemic,carbohydrate metabolic,and insulin signaling pathway markers were ***:Asiaticoside increased insulin production,lowered blood glucose levels,and enhanced glycolysis by improving hexokinase activity and suppressing glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase *** in glycogen metabolism were mitigated by increasing glycogen synthase activity and gluconeogenesis was decreased by decreasing glycogen phosphorylase ***,asiaticoside upregulated the mRNA expressions of IRS-1,IRS-2,and GLUT4 in STZ-NAD-induced diabetic rats and restored the beta cell morphology to ***:Asiaticoside has the potential to ameliorate type 2 diabetes by improving glycolysis,gluconeogenesis,and insulin signaling pathways.

关键词： Asiaticoside Type 2 diabetes mellitus Metabolic disorders Carbohydrate metabolism Insulin signaling

Cardiac differentiation is modulated by anti-apoptotic signals in murine embryonic stem cells

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第5期16卷 551-559页

作者： Amani Yehya Joseph Azar Mohamad Al-Fares Helene Boeuf Wassim Abou-Kheir Dana Zeineddine Ola Hadadeh department of anatomy Cell Biology and Physiological SciencesAmerican University of BeirutBeirut 1107-2020Lebanon Inserm BiotisU1026University BordeauxBordeaux F-33000France Rammal Rammal Lab Physio-Toxicity Environmental TeamFaculty of SciencesLebanese UniversityNabatieh 0000Lebanon

BACKGROUND Embryonic stem cells(ESCs)serve as a crucial ex vivo model,representing epiblast cells derived from the inner cell mass of blastocyst-stage *** exhibit a unique combination of self-renewal potency,unlimited proliferation,and *** latter is evident by the ability of the isolated cells to differ-entiate spontaneously into multiple cell lineages,representing the three primary embryonic germ *** regulatory networks guide ESCs,directing their self-renewal and lineage-specific ***,or programmed cell death,emerges as a key event involved in sculpting and forming various organs and structures ensuring proper embryonic ***-ever,the molecular mechanisms underlying the dynamic interplay between diffe-rentiation and apoptosis remain poorly *** To investigate the regulatory impact of apoptosis on the early differentiation of ESCs into cardiac cells,using mouse ESC(mESC)models-mESC-B-cell lym-phoma 2(BCL-2),mESC-PIM-2,and mESC-metallothionein-1(MET-1)-which overexpress the anti-apoptotic genes Bcl-2,Pim-2,and Met-1,*** mESC-T2(wild-type),mESC-BCL-2,mESC-PIM-2,and mESC-MET-1 have been used to assess the effect of potentiated apoptotic signals on cardiac *** hanging drop method was adopted to generate embryoid bodies(EBs)and induce terminal differentiation of *** size of the generated EBs was measured in each condition compared to the wild *** the functional level,the percentage of cardiac differentiation was measured by calculating the number of beating cardiomyocytes in the manipulated mESCs compared to the *** the molecular level,quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to assess the mRNA expression of three cardiac markers:Troponin T,GATA4,and ***,troponin T protein expression was evaluated through immunofluorescence and western blot *** Our findings showed that the upregulation of Bcl-

关键词： Mouse embryonic stem cells Self-renewal Apoptosis Cardiac differentiation B-cell lymphoma 2 PIM-2 Metallothionein-1