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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第16期5卷 2497-2508页

作者： Roberto Kirmayr Jaquetti Jose Francisco de Carvalho Goncalves Joao Baptista Silva Ferraz Marciel J.Ferreira Ulysses Moreira dos Santos Junior Claudivan Feitosa de Lacerda Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry National Institute of Amazonian ResearchManausBrazil National Institute of amazonian Research ManausBrazil Forest Science department Federal University of AmazonManausBrazil

The leguminous tree species Dipteryx odorata (Aubl.) Willd. and Inga edulis Mart. were grown in the field to reforest a degraded area. To investigate the photosynthetic responses and the initial growth of amazonian forest species under fertilization, the study species were subjected to different treatments: T1 = unfertilized-control, T2 = chemical fertilization, T3 = green fertilization and T4 = green and chemical fertilization. D. odorata showed the highest absolute growth rates in height under treatments T4 (10.2 cm·month-1) and T2 (12.2 cm·month-1). I. edulis exhibited the best performance for this same parameter in T4 (23.0 cm·month-1). The highest photosynthesis values (Pn) for both D. odorata (13.1 μmol·m-2·s-1) and I. edulis (20.6 μmol·m-2·s-1) were found in T4. The two species also showed the highest performance index values (PIABS) under T4 (D. odorata = 2.9 and I. edulis = 5.2). Our results suggest that the combination of green and chemical fertilization was the most effective of the four treatments evaluated for improving the photosynthetic performance and the growth of both species during the initial establishment of the species in a degraded area.

关键词： Photosynthesis Chlorophyll a Fluorescence Chloroplastid Pigment Contents Dipteryx odorata Inga edulis

Retrospective study of a cohort of adult patients with hematological malignancies in a tropical area

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World Journal of Hematology 2016年第1期5卷 37-50页

作者： Jean-Pierre Droz Laure Bianco Béatrice Cenciu Ma?a Forgues Florin Santa Jérome Fayette Pierre Couppié Cancer and Environment Research Unit Centre Léon-Bérard Oncoguyane Cancer Network department of Medical Oncology Claude-Bernard-Lyon1 University department of Medical Oncology Centre Léon-Bérard department of amazonian health Hospital of Cayenne French West-Indies and Guiana University

AIM: To review the characteristics of hematological malignancies in tropical areas, and to focus on the specific difficulties regarding their management. METHODS: This is a retrospective narrative review of cases of patients with hematological malignancies. All medical files of patients with malignant disease whose treatment was coordinated by the HematoOncology service of the Cayenne Hospital in French Guiana between the 1st of January 2010 and the 31 st of December 2012 were reviewed. Clinical data were extracted from the medical files and included: Demographic data, comorbidities, serological status for human immunodeficiency virus, human T-lymphotropic virus 1(HTLV1), hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virusinfections, cytology and pathology diagnoses, disease extension, treatment, organization of disease management, and follow-up. The subgroup of patients with hematological malignancies and virus-related malignancies were reviewed. Cases involving patients with Kaposi sarcoma, and information on solid tumor occurrence in virus-infected patients in the whole patient population were included. Since the data were rendered anonymous, no informed consent was obtained from the patients for this retrospective analysis. Data were compiled using EXCEL® software, and the data presentation is descriptive only. The references search was guided by the nature of the data and discussion. RESULTS: In total, the clinical files of 594 patients(pts) were reviewed. Hematological malignancies were observed in 87 patients, and Kaposi sarcoma in 2 patients. In total, 70 patients had a viral infection, and 34 of these also had hematological malignancies. The hematological diagnoses were: Multiple myeloma in 27 pts, lymphoma(L) in 43 pts, myeloproliferative disorders in 17 pts and Kaposi sarcoma in two patients. The spectrum of non-Hodgkin lymphomas(NHL) was: Burkitt L(1 pt), follicular L(5 pts), chronic lymphocytic leukemia(5 pts), high-grade NHL(9 pts), mucosa-associated lymphoid

关键词： Tropical hematology Multiple myeloma Non-Hodgkin lymphomas Chronic lymphoid leukemia Adult T-cell-lymphoma-leukemia Hodgkin disease Chronic myeloid leukemia Acute leukemia Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 Human immunodeficiency virus

Medicinal plants from the Brazilian amazonian region and their antileishmanial activity:a review

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第4期16卷 211-222页

作者： Bruno Jose Martins Da Silva Amanda Anastacia Pinto Hage Edilene Oliveira Silva Ana Paula Drummond Rodrigues Laboratory of Parasitology and Laboratory of Structural Biology Institute of Biological SdencesFederal University of PardBelemPard 66075-110Brazil National Institute of Science and Technology in Structural Biology and Bioimaging Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 21941-901Brazil Laboratory of Electron Microscopy Department of Health SurveillanceMinistry of HealthEvandro Chagas InstituteBelemPard 66087-082Brazil

Leishmaniasis, a neglected disease caused by Leishmania protozoans, primarily affects people in tropical and subtropical areas. Chemotherapy based on the use of pentavalent antimonials, amphotericin B, paromomycin, miltefosine and liposomal amphotericin B is currently the only effective treatment. However, adverse effects, long-term treatment and the emergence of parasite resistance have led to the search for alternative treatments. Natural products used in traditional medicine provide an unlimited source of molecules for the identification of new drugs, and the Amazon region has abundant biodiversity that includes several species of plants and animals, providing a rich source of new products and com- pounds. Although the literature describes numerous promising compounds and extracts for combating Leishmania protozoans, the results of such research have not been embraced by the pharmaceutical industry for the development of new drugs. Therefore, this review focused on the antileishmanial activity of extracts, isolated compounds and essential oils commonly used by the local population in the Brazilian amazonian region to treat several illnesses and described in the literature as promising compounds for combating leishmaniasis.

关键词： amazonian plants Leishmaniasis treatment Plant compounds Plant extracts Plant oils

Influences of amazonian White and Black Waters on the Hematological and Biochemical Plasma Features of Arapaima gigas （Osteoglossiformes）

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Journal of Life Sciences 2014年第3期8卷 252-261页

作者： Cleverson Agner Ramos Jose Carlos Nunes Raulino Glauber Cruz de Menezes Iracimar Batista do Carmo Elenice Martins Brasil Elizabeth Gusmao Affonso Oscar Tadeu Ferreira da Costa Marisa Narciso Femandes Departament of Morphology Federal University of Amazon Manaus Amazon 69077-000 Brazil department of Aquaculture INPA (National Institute of Amazonian Research) Manaus Amazon 69060-001 Brazil Departament of Physiological Sciences Federal University of Sao Carlos Sao Carlos Sao Paulo 13565-905 Brazil

The Arapaima gigas, despite being an air breather, its gill structure is quite close to water breathers, especially in early stages of development. The effects of amazonian waters is well notices in other Teleostei expose to BW （black water）, and WW （white water）. However, information about hematological adjustments and its implications to ionic regulation patters are scarce. Therefore, our aim was to analyzed A. gigas hematological parameters when exposed to BW and WW providing suitable hematological data concerning about physiological responses in amazonian waters. Fish were acclimated in three separated ponds containing BW, WW and well water as control （C）. Blood samples were taken from the caudal vessel in order to perform measurement assays on levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, corpuscular hemoglobin, corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, glucose, cholesterol and protein. Our findings corroborate the hypothesis stating that BW does interfere on fish adaptation specialy in smallfish （-100 g）. However in largefish （-1,000 g） neither WW or BW can interfere on plasma profile of analysed fish. Despite black water systems being considered a barrier constraining the dispersion of several species, this seems not to be a problem for this specie which has kept its ion-regulatory mechanisms even in black waters.

关键词： Amazon fish blood parameters amazonian waters Pirarucu.

Bank erosion in an Andean páramo river system: Implications for hydro-development and carbon dynamics in the neotropical Andes

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第2期16卷 243-255页

作者： Derek J.MARTIN Christopher ELY Beverley C.WEMPLE department of Geography and Planning Appalachian State University department of Geography University of Vermont

The páramo of the Northern Andes provide critically important ecosystem services to the Northern Andean region in the form of water provisioning and carbon sequestration, both of which are a result of the páramo?s organic-rich soils. Little is known, however, about the hydro-geomorphic characteristics of the rivers that drain these ecosystems. With impending plans for widespread hydro-development and increasing implementation of carbon-sequestering compensation for ecosystem services programs in the region it is imperative that we develop a thorough understanding of the hydrogeomorphic role that rivers play in this unique ecosystem. The objective of this study was to quantify bank erosion along an amazonian headwater stream draining a small, relatively undisturbed páramo catchment to gain a better understanding of the natural erosion regime and the resulting sediment contributions from this unique ecosystem. This study implemented a combination of field, laboratory, and Geographic Information Systems techniques to quantify bank erosion rates and determine a bank erosion sediment yield from the Ningar River, a small páramo catchment(22.7 km^2) located in the eastern Andean cordillera of Ecuador. Results show that bank erosion rates range from 3.0 to ≥ 390.0 mm/yr, are highly episodic, and yield at least 487 tons of sediment annually to the Ningar River. These results imply that 1) páramo ecosystems substantially contribute to the sediment load of the Amazon River basin; 2) bank erosion is a potentially significant flux component of basin-scale carbon cycles in páramo ecosystems; and 3) hydrologic alteration campaigns(dam building) will likely critically alter these contributions and concomitantly disconnect a critical source of sediment and nutrients to downstream ecosystems.

关键词： Bank erosion Páramo Fluvial geomorphology Andes

Second-growth and small forest clearings have little effect on the temporal activity patterns of amazonian phyllostomid bats

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Current Zoology 2020年第2期66卷 145-153页

作者： Ricardo ROCHA Adria Lopez-Baucells Fabio Z.Farneda Diogo F.Ferreira Ines SiLVA Marta AcAcio Jorge M.Palmeirim Christoph F.J.M eyer Centre for Ecology Evolution and Environmental ChangesFaculty of SciencesUniversity of LisbonLisbon1749-016Portugal Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project National Institute for Amazonian Research and Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteManaus69011-970Brazil Conservation Science Group University of CambridgeCambridgeCB23EJUK Granollers Museum of Natural Sciences Granollers08402Spain department of Ecology Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro21941-902Brazil CIBI0-lnBI0 Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic ResourcesUniversity of PortoVairao4485-661Portugal Conservation Ecology Program School of Bioresources and TechnologyKing Mongkufs University of Technology ThonburiBangkok10150Thailand School of Environmental Sciences University of East AngliaNorwichNR47TJUKand'Ecosystems Environment Research Centre(EERC) School of ScienceEngineering and EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordSalfordM54WTUK

Secondary forests and human-made forest gaps are conspicuous features of tropical ***,behavioral responses to these aspects of anthropogenically modified forests remain poorly ***,we analyze the effects of small human-made clearings and secondary forests on tropical bats by examining the guild-and species-level activity patterns of phyllostomids sampled in the Central Amazon,***,we contrast the temporal activity patterns and degree of temporal overlap of 6 frugivorous and 4 gleaning animalivorous species in old-growth forest and second-growth forest and of 4 frugivores in old-growth forest and forest *** activity patterns of frugivores and gleaning animalivores did not change between old-growth forest and second-growth,nor did the activity patterns of frugivores between old-growth forest and ***,at the species level,we detected significant differences for Artibeus obscurus(old-growth forest ***-growth)and ***(old-growth forest ***).The degree of temporal overlap was greater than random in all sampled ***,for frugivorous species,the degree of temporal overlap was similar between old-growth forest and second-growth;whereas for gleaning animalivores,it was lower in second-growth than in old-growth *** the contrary,forest clearings were characterized by increased temporal overlap between *** in activity patterns and temporal overlap may result from differential foraging opportunities and dissimilar predation ***,our analyses suggest that activity patterns of bats in second-growth and small forest clearings,2 of the most prominent habitats in humanized tropical landscapes,varies little from the activity patterns in old-growth forest.

关键词： Amazon behavior forest gaps niche partitioning secondary forest temporal overlap

High diversity of Graphidaceae (lichenized Ascomycota: Ostropales) in amazonian Perú

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第1期58卷 13-32页

作者： Eimy Rivas Plata Robert Lücking department of Biological Sciences University of Illinois-Chicago845 West Taylor Street(MC 066)ChicagoIL 60607USA department of Botany The Field Museum1400 South Lake Shore DriveChicagoIL 60605-2496USA

A survey of crustose microlichens at Los Amigos Biological Station in amazonian Peru revealed 116 species of Graphidaceae at this *** is the second highest number of Graphidaceae ever reported for a single site world-wide,after the Surumoni crane station in Venezuela,with 131 species,and followed by Fakahatchee Strand Park Preserve in Florida,with 111 *** on the number of Graphidaceae found at Los Amigos,we predict the total lichen species richness at this site to be approximately 700 *** the 116 species encountered at Los Amigos,59 were graphidoid species(former Graphidaceae ***.)and 67 thelotremoid species(former Thelotremataceae).The following 18 species are described as new:Ampliotrema sorediatum Rivas Plata&Lücking,***,Chapsa hypoconstictica Rivas Plata&Lücking,***,Chapsa scabiocarpa Rivas Plata&Lücking,***,Chapsa subsorediata Rivas Plata&Lücking,***,Diorygma nigricans Rivas Plata&Lücking,***,Fissurina flavomedullosa Rivas Plata&Lücking,***,Fissurina platythecioides Rivas Plata&Lücking,***,Graphis apertoinspersa Rivas Plata&Lücking,***,Graphis pitmanii Rivas Plata&Lücking,***,Leucodecton inspersum Rivas Plata&Lücking,***,Ocellularia cicra Rivas Plata&Lücking,***,Ocellularia fenestrata Rivas Plata&Lücking,***,Ocellularia microsorediata Rivas Plata&Lücking,***,Ocellularia natashae Rivas Plata&Lücking,***,Ocellularia plicata Rivas Plata&Lücking,***,Ocellularia protoinspersa Rivas Plata&Lücking,***,Ocellularia pustulata Rivas Plata&Lücking,***,and Thelotrema amazonicum Rivas Plata&Lücking,***.

关键词： Lichens Thelotremoid Tropical Rainforest Corticolous Madre de Dios

Secondary seed dispersal by dung beetles in an amazonian forest fragment of Colombia:influence of dung type and edge effect

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Integrative Zoology 2011年第4期6卷 399-408页

作者： Carolina SANTOS-HEREDIA Ellen ANDRESEN Pablo STEVENSON department of Biological Sciences University of the AndesBogotaColombia Center for Ecosystem Research at the National Autonomous University of Mexico MoreliaMexico

Seeds of many plant species are secondarily dispersed by dung beetles,but the outcome of this interaction is highly *** is known about how certain anthropogenic disturbances affect this plant-animal *** aims of this study were to assess the effect of dung type on secondary dispersal by dung beetles in a forest fragment,and to determine whether this interaction is affected by edge *** pitfall traps,we captured dung beetles attracted to dung of 2 frugivorous mammals:woolly monkeys and howler *** found differences between both dung beetle assemblages,but these differences were not consistent in *** seeds surrounded by both dung types,we carried out a field experiment using seeds of 2 plant *** found that the probability of secondary dispersal by dung beetles was higher for seeds placed in woolly monkey ***,we carried out a field experiment using plastic beads as seed mimics to assess edge *** found that secondary seed dispersal by dung beetles was negatively affected by *** disruption of plant-animal interactions along anthropogenic forest edges could have long-term negative effects on forest dynamics by affecting processes of regeneration.

关键词： fragmentation plant-animal interaction Scarabaeidae seed fate

Diabetes in French Guiana,adapting national standards of therapeutic education and care to the amazonian challenge

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第2期12卷 98-107页

作者： Nadia Sabbah Gabriel Carles Magalie Demar Mathieu Nacher Endocrinology Diabetology Nutrition Centre Hospitalier Andree RosemonCayenne 97300French Guiana department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Centre Hospitalier Franck JolySt Laurent Du Maroni 97320French Guiana department of Laboratory University of French GuianaCayenne 97300French Guiana department of Medicine COREVIH Centre Hospitalier Andree RosemonCayenne 97300French Guiana

French Guiana is a territory located more than 7000 km from *** is also the largest French territory,with almost 84000 km2 and 90%of it is covered by *** municipalities are isolated due to the scarcity of transportation and the poor road *** population is extremely diverse ethnically and culturally,and includes more than thirty ethnic *** is high because it is one of the richest countries in the area bordering northern Brazil,Suriname,Guyana,and as a result of socio-economic crises in some other countries such as Haiti,and it has permeable natural *** and obesity,are emerging issues,with double the prevalence of Mainland France,whereas infectious diseases,such as HIV,take second *** and educational management are challenging because they require the adaptation of tools and treatments to the multiculturalism and precariousness often encountered in these *** French and European recommendations are unsuited to the needs of the territory and must take into account the epidemiological,sociological and cultural parameters of these populations in order to provide appropriate and graded management of diabetes in the French Amazon.

关键词： French Guiana Diabetes mellitus Ethnicity Consensus workshops Poverty Immigration

amazonian Dark Earth and Its Black Carbon Particles Harbor Different Fungal Abundance and Diversity

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Pedosphere 2017年第5期27卷 832-845页

作者： Adriano Reis LUCHETA Fabiana de SOUZA CANNAVAN Siu Mui TSAI Eiko Eurya KURAMAE department of Microbial Ecology Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO/KNAW) Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA) University of So Paulo (USP)

amazonian Dark Earth(ADE) is a highly fertile soil of anthropogenic origin characterized by high levels of charred black carbon(BC). It is considered a model of fertility; however, knowledge on the fungal community structure and diversity inhabiting ADE and its BC particles is scarce. Fungal community structure and diversity of ADE and its BC from four sites under different land uses(three agricultural systems and a secondary pristine forest) in the Brazilian Central Amazon were evaluated by 18S rRNA gene pyrosequencing. Fungal communities in ADE and BC were dissimilar and showed differential abundances of fungal operational taxonomic units(OTUs). Estimated fungal species richness(abundance-based coverage estimate and Chao-1 index) and diversity estimators(Shannon and Simpson's reciprocal indices) were higher in ADE than in BC in all agricultural areas. No differences were observed in those parameters in ADE and BC samples from the secondary forest. Pezizomycotina fungi and OTUs assigned to Cordyceps confragosa,Acremonium vitellinum, Camarops microspora, and Hirsutella rhossiliensis were more abundant in BC particles than in ADE. These findings represent a breakthrough in our understanding of fungal communities in BC particles from ADE, and will be valuable in future studies considering biochar application in soil.

关键词： biochar fungal community high-throughput DNA sequencing 18S rRNA gene terra preta