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Application of Polygonum minus Extract in Enhancing Drought Tolerance in Maize by Regulating Osmotic and Antioxidant System

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第2期93卷 213-226页

作者： Mingzhao Han Susilawati Kasim Zhongming Yang Xi Deng Md Kamal Uddin Noor Baity Saidi Effyanti Mohd Shuib department of Land Management Faculty of AgricultureUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory Institute of BioscienceUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia department of cell and molecular biology Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular SciencesUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia

Drought stress is a major factor affecting plant growth and crop yield *** extracts as natural biostimulants hold great potential to strengthen plants to overcome drought *** explore the effect of Polygonum minus extract(PME)in enhancing drought tolerance in plants,a study was set up in a glasshouse environment using 10 different treatment *** foliar application were designed in CRD and effects were closely observed related to the growth,physiology,and antioxidant system changes in maize(Zea mays L.)under well-watered and drought *** seaweed extract(SWE)was used as a *** subjected to drought stress exhibited a significant reduction in fresh weight,dry weight,relative water content(RWC),and soluble sugar,but they stimulated the phenolic,flavonoid,proline,glutathione(GSH),malondialdehyde(MDA)and antioxidant enzyme(catalase,CAT;peroxidase,POD;superoxide dismutase,SOD)*** application of PME improved fresh and dry weight(FW:33.1%~41.4%;DW:48.0%~43.1%),chlorophyll content(Chl b:87.9%~100.76%),soluble sugar(23.6%~49.3%),and soluble protein(48.6%~56.9%)as well as antioxidant enzyme activities(CAT and POD)compared to CK under drought *** decreasing the level of ***,the mitigating effect of PME application with high concentration was more effective than those of *** study reveals that PME could alleviate drought stress by regulating osmoprotectant content and antioxidant defense system and can be used as an economical and environmentally friendly biostimulants for promoting maize growth under drought stress.

关键词： Drought biostimulants photosynthesis osmoprotectants antioxidants maize

Pathologically relevant aldoses and environmental aldehydes cause cilium disassembly via formyl group-mediated mechanisms

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Journal of molecular cell biology 2024年第1期16卷 15-28页

作者： Te Li Min Liu Fan Yu Song Yang Weiwen Bu Kai Liu Jia Yang Hua Ni Mulin Yang Hanxiao Yin Renjie Hong Dengwen Li Huĳie Zhao Jun Zhou Haihe Laboratory of cell Ecosystem State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyTianjin Key Laboratory of Protein ScienceCollege of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis Haihe Laboratory of Cell EcosystemTianjin 300462China Center for cell Structure and Function Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of ShandongShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance BiologyCollege of Life SciencesShandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China

Carbohydrate metabolism disorders(CMDs),such as diabetes,galactosemia,and mannosidosis,cause ciliopathy-like multiorgan ***,the mechanistic link of cilia to CMD complications is still poorly ***,we describe significant cilium disassembly upon treatment of cells with pathologically relevant aldoses rather than the corresponding sugar ***,environmental aldehydes are able to trigger cilium disassembly by the steric hindrance effect of their formyl *** studies reveal that aldehydes stimulate extracellular calcium influx across the plasma membrane,which subsequently activates the calmodulin-Aurora A-histone deacetylase 6 pathway to deacetylate axonemal microtubules and triggers cilium *** vivo experiments further show that Hdac6 knockout mice are resistant to aldehyde-induced disassembly of tracheal cilia and sperm *** findings reveal a previously unrecognized role for formyl group-mediated cilium disassembly in the complications of CMDs.

关键词： carbohydrate metabolism disorder aldose aldehyde cilium disassembly formyl group calcium influx HDAC6

Inbreeding and genetic load in a pair of sibling grouse species:Tetrastes sewersowi and ***

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 265-270页

作者： Kai Song Tom van der Valk Bin Gao Peter Halvarsson Yun Fang Wendong Xie Siegfried Klaus Zhiming Han Yue-Hua Sun Jacob Hoglund Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Animal Ecology Department of Ecology and GeneticsUppsala UniversityNorbyvagen 18DUppsala75236Sweden department of cell and molecular biology Uppsala75273Sweden Unit of Parasitology Department of Biomedicine and Veterinary Public HealthSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesPO Box 7036Uppsala75007Sweden Lindenhohe 5 JenaD-07749Germany The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

Genetic load and inbreeding are recognized as important factors to be considered in conservation *** levels of both can increase the risk of population extinction by negatively impacting fitness-related characters in many species of plants and animals,including humans(inbreeding depression).Genomic tech-niques are increasingly used in measuring and understanding genetic load and inbreeding and their importance in evolution and *** used whole genome resequencing data from two sibling grouse species in subarctic Eurasia to quantify *** found a large range of inbreeding measured as FROH(fraction of runs of homozygosity)in individuals from different populations of Chinese Grouse(Tetrastes sewerzowi)and Hazel Grouse(***).FROH estimated from genome-wide runs of homozygosity(ROH)ranged from 0.02 to 0.24 among Chinese Grouse populations and from 0.01 to 0.44 in Hazel *** from a population of Chinese Grouse residing in the Qilian mountains and from the European populations of Hazel Grouse(including samples from Sweden,Germany and Northeast Poland)were the most inbred(FROH ranged from 0.10 to 0.23 and 0.11 to 0.44,respectively).These levels are comparable to other highly inbred populations of *** Grouse from northern China and Chinese Grouse residing in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau showed relatively lower inbreeding *** of the ratio between deleterious missense mutations and synonymous mutations revealed higher levels in Chinese Grouse as compared to Hazel *** results are possibly explained by higher fixation rates,mutational melt down,in the range-restricted Chinese Grouse compared to the wide-ranging Hazel ***,when we compared the relatively more severe class of loss-of-function muta-tions,Hazel Grouse had slightly higher levels than Chinese Grouse,a result which may indicate that purifying selection(purging)has been more efficient in Chinese Grouse on this class of mutations.

关键词： Genetic load Inbreeding Purifying selection Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau ROH Tetrastes

Deer antler stem cell niche: An interesting perspective

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World Journal of Stem cells 2024年第5期16卷 479-485页

作者： Claudia Cavallini Elena Olivi Riccardo Tassinari Chiara Zannini Gregorio Ragazzini Martina Marcuzzi Valentina Taglioli Carlo Ventura National Laboratory of molecular biology and Stem cell Engineering National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems-Eldor LabBologna 40128Italy Eldor Lab Bologna 40128Italy department of Medical and Surgical Sciences(DIMEC) University of BolognaBologna 40138Italy

In recent years,there has been considerable exploration into methods aimed at enhancing the regenerative capacity of transplanted and/or tissue-resident ***,in particular,have garnered significant interest for their potential to serve as natural scaffolds for *** this editorial,we provide commentary on the study by Wang et al,in a recently published issue of World J Stem cells,which investigates the use of a decellularized xenogeneic extracellular matrix(ECM)derived from antler stem cells for repairing osteochondral defects in rat knee *** focus lies specifically on the crucial role of biological scaffolds as a strategy for augmenting stem cell potential and regenerative capabilities,thanks to the establishment of a favorable microenvironment(niche).Stem cell differen-tiation heavily depends on exposure to intrinsic properties of the ECM,including its chemical and protein composition,as well as the mechanical forces it can ***,these physicochemical cues contribute to a bio-instructive signaling environment that offers tissue-specific guidance for achieving effective repair and *** interest in mechanobiology,often conceptualized as a form of“structural memory”,is steadily gaining more validation and momen-tum,especially in light of findings such as these.

关键词： Extracellular matrix Antler stem cells Stem cell niche Regenerative medicine Decellularized scaffolds cell memory

Revealing Tissue Heterogeneity and Spatial Dark Genes from Spatially Resolved Transcriptomics by Multiview Graph Networks

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Research 2024年第2期6卷 629-645页

作者： Ying Li Yuejing Lu Chen Kang Peiluan Li Luonan Chen School of Mathematics and Statistics Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang471023China Longmen Laboratory LuoyangHenan471003China Key Laboratory of Systems biology Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyCenter for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201100China Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejang Province Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou310000China School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai201100.China

Spatially resolved transcriptomics(SRT)is capable of comprehensively characterizing gene expression patterns and providing an unbiased image of spatial *** fully understand the organizational complexity and tumor immune escape mechanism,we propose stMGATF,a multiview graph attention fusion model that integrates gene expression,histological images,spatial location,and gene *** better extract information,stMGATF exploits SimCLRv2 for visual feature exaction and employs edge feature enhanced graph attention networks for the learning potential embedding of each view.A global attention mechanism is used to adaptively integrate 3 views to obtain low-dimensional *** to diverse SRT datasets,stMGATF is robust and outperforms other methods in detecting spatial domains and denoising data even with different resolutions and *** particular,stMGATF contributes to the elucidation of tissue heterogeneity and extraction of 3-dimensional expression ***,considering the associations between genes in tumors,stMGATF can identify the spatial dark genes ignored by traditional methods,which can be used to predict tumor-driving transcription factors and reveal tumor immune escape mechanisms,providing theoretical evidence for the development of new immunotherapeutic strategies.

关键词： Spatial integrate driving

Fatty acids derived from oviposition systems guide female black soldier flies(Hermetia illucens)toward egg deposition sites

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1231-1248页

作者： Patrick Klüber Emna Arous Jeanny Jerschow Marco Fraatz Daniel Bakonyi Martin Rühl Holger Zorn department Bioresources Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied EcologyGiessenGermany Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology Justus Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany

The black soldier fly,Hermetia illucens,comes with big promises for industrial purposes since its larvae feed polyphagously on a broad spectrum of organic ***,research focusing on adult flies is scarce,which is inconsistent with their reproductive relevance within the rearing *** particular,directed oviposition is a challenge in artificial ***,decomposing organic matter is commonly used as oviposition substrate,which has extensive potential for improvement in view of the lack of standardization and the risk of microbial ***,we identified three fatty acids and one fatty acid methyl ester derived from the surface of old oviposition sites and targeted to elucidate their effect on preference behavior and oviposition site selection using Y-olfactometry and prepared oviposition sites,*** to tetradecanoic acid attracted gravid females and stimulated oviposition most strongly,while decanoic acid demonstrated a repulsive *** kept in mixed-sex populations were attracted by tetradecanoic acid,resulting in a higher egg mass found in the compound box(3.0–11.4 fold),a≥2.3 fold reduction of nonspecifically deposited eggs,and the highest total egg ***,decanoic and dodecanoic acid caused females to lay a greater proportion of eggs nonspecifically outside both *** data suggest that fatty acids,especially tetradecanoic acid,are important cues for oviposition site selection in black soldier *** order to achieve a directed oviposition behavior,the role of further short-and long-chain fatty acids as attractants should be examined.

关键词： black soldier fly Hermetia illucens fatty acids insects as food and feed oviposition oviposition site selection tetradecanoic acid

Modular Synthesis of Multi-substituted Cyclobutanones Enabled by Oxyallyl Cations

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第5期42卷 459-463页

作者： Meng Wang Zhonggui Wang Ping Lu Research Center for molecular Recognition and Synthesis Department of ChemistryFudan University220 Handan LuShanghai200433 China Present address: department of Cancer biology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute department of Biological Chemistry and molecular Pharmacology Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA

Stereoselective synthesis of multi-substituted cyclobutanes with different substituents is still a daunting challenge in organic *** report here a practical and facile approach to synthesizing all-trans 2,3,4-trisubstituted cyclobutanones from readily available *** substitution reaction proceeds smoothly via oxyallyl cation intermediates under mild basic *** transformation to the synthesis of 1,2,3,4-tetrasubstituted cyclobutanes was also explored.

关键词： Diastereoselectivity Modular synthesis Nucleophilic substitution Organohalides Oxyallyl cation Precision functionalization Strained molecules 1,2,3,4-Tetrasubstituted cyclobutanes

Intermittent fasting boosts antitumor immunity by restricting CD11b^(+)Ly6C^(low)Ly6G^(low) cell viability through glucose metabolism in murine breast tumor model

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2327-2345页

作者： Chenghao Fu Zhehao Liang Zemiao Niu Ning Chen Yuemin Li Zhenhua Liang Yanwei Huo Hao Xi Rong Wang Yonghuan Yan Xiaoruo Gan Mengtian Wang Yun Huang Yan Zhang Mingming Gao Pin Lü Postdoctoral Station for Basic Medicine Cardiovascular Medical Science CenterDepartment of Cell BiologyKey Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of EducationHebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050017China Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine College of Forensic MedicineHebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050017China Hebei Food Safety Key Laboratory Hebei Food Inspection and Research InstituteShijiazhuang 050091China Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyKey Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei ProvinceShijiazhuang 050017China

Intermittent fasting can benefit breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or ***,it is still uncertain how to select immunotherapy drugs to combine with intermittent *** we observed that two cycles of fasting treatment significantly inhibited breast tumor growth and lung tissue metastasis,as well as prolonged overall survival in mice bearing 4T1 and 4T07 breast *** this process,both the immunosuppressive monocytic-(M-)and granulocytic-(G-)myeloid-derived suppressor cell(MDSC)decreased,accompanied by an increase in interleukin(IL)7R^(+)and granzyme B^(+)T cells in the tumor ***,we observed that Ly6G^(low)G-MDSC sharply decreased after fasting treatment,and the cell surface markers and protein mass spectrometry data showed potential therapeutic *** investigation revealed that glucose metabolism restriction suppressed the splenic granulocytemonocyte progenitor and the generation of colony-stimulating factors and IL-6,which both contributed to the accumulation of *** the other hand,glucose metabolism restriction can directly induce the apoptosis of Ly6G^(low)G-MDSC,but not Ly6G^(high)*** summary,these results suggest that glucose metabolism restriction induced by fasting treatment attenuates the immune-suppressive milieu and enhances the activation of CD3^(+)T cells,providing potential solutions for enhancing immune-based cancer interventions.

关键词： Intermittent fasting Ly6G^(low)myeloid-derived suppressor cell apoptosis Extramedullary hematopoiesis Colony stimulating factor Glucose metabolism restriction

Regulation of gene-edited plants in Europe:from the valley of tears into the shining sun?

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aBIOTECH 2024年第2期5卷 231-238页

作者： Holger Puchta department of molecular biology Joseph Gottlieb Kolreuter Institute for Plant SciencesKarlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 476131 KarlsruheGermany

Some 20 years ago,the EU introduced complex regulatory rules for the growth of transgenic crops,which resulted in a de facto ban to grow these plants in fields within most European *** the rise of novel genome editing technologies,it has become possible to improve crops genetically in a directed way without the need for incorporation of foreign ***,in 2018,the European Court of Justice ruled that such gene-edited plants are to be regulated like transgenic *** then,European scientists and breeders have challenged this decision and requested a revision of this outdated ***,after 5 years,the European Commission has now published a proposal on how,in the future,to regulate crops produced by new breeding *** proposal tries to find a balance between the different interest groups in *** one side,genetically modified plants,which cannot be discerned from their natural counterparts,will exclusively be used for food and feed and are-besides a registration step-not to be regulated at *** the other side,plants expressing herbicide resistance are to be excluded from this regulation,a concession to the strong environmental associations and NGOs in ***,edited crops are to be excluded from organic farming to protect the business interests of the strong organic sector in ***,if this law passes European parliament and council,unchanged,it will present a big step forward toward establishing a more sustainable European agricultural ***,it might soon be possible to develop and grow crops that are more adapted to global warming and whose cultivation will require lower amounts of ***,there is still a long way to go until the law is *** often,the storm of arguments raised by the opponents,based on irrational fears of mutations and a naive understanding of nature,has fallen on fruitful ground in Europe.

关键词： Genetically modified organism Cisgenesis Gene editing CRISPR/Cas Regulation