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High-grade pancreatic intraepithelial lesions： prevalence and implications in pancreatic neoplasia

Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2017年第2期16卷 202-208页

作者： Jean R Park Feng Li Veeral M Oza Brett C Sklaw Kevin M Cronley Michael Wellner Benjamin Swanson Somashekar G Krishna Division of Hospital Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio USA Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio USA department of Pathology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio USA

BACKGROUND： High-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia（Pan IN-3）, a precursor of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma（PDAC）, is not universally detected in resected pancreatic neoplasms. We sought to determine the prevalence and prognostic relevance of Pan IN-3 lesions in primary surgical resections of PDACs and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms（IPMNs）.METHODS： A retrospective review of a tertiary care center pathology database（1/2000-6/2014） was performed. Demographics, imaging, pathology, disease-recurrence, and survival data were ***： A total of 458 patients who underwent primary pancreatic resection were included. “Pan IN-3” lesions were found in 74（16.2%） patients who either had PDAC（n=67） or main duct（MD）-IPMN（n=7）. Among IPMN-MDs, Pan IN-3 lesions were exclusively found in those with pathological evidence of chronic pancreatitis. For PDACs, the median overall survival（OS） for pancreata with Pan IN-3 lesions was significantly better than those without（OS 1.12 years, interquartile range [IQR] 0.72, 2.05 years vs OS 0.86 years, IQR 0.64,1.60 years respectively; P=0.04）. Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the presence of Pan IN-3 lesions was associated with a reduced risk of death（HR=0.43; 95% CI： 0.23-0.82; P=0.01）.CONCLUSIONS： Following primary resection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, the lower survival observed in patients without Pan IN-3 lesions might suggest a state of complete or accelerated transformation. Further investigations are necessary to validate these findings that might impact disease prognosis and management.

关键词： pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms pancreatic neoplasia pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

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Penile rehabilitation with a vacuum erectile device in an animal model is related to an antihypoxic mechanism： blood gas evidence

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第3期15卷 387-390页

作者： Hao-Cheng Lin Wen-Li Yang Jun-Lan Zhang Yu-Tian Dai Run Wang department of Urology Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital School of Medicine Nanjing University Nanjing 210008 China Division of Urology University of Texas Medical Schoo at Houston TX 77030 USA Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology & Nutrition Department of Internal Medicine University of Texas Medical School at Houston TX 77030 USA department of Urology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX 77030 USA

Our previous study showed that vacuum erectile device （VED） therapy has improved erectile function in rats with bilateral cavernous nerve crush （BCNC） injuries. This study was designed to explore the mechanism of VED in penile rehabilitation by analyzing cavernous oxygen saturation （SO2） and to examine the effect of VED therapy on preventing penile shrinkage after BCNC. Thirty adult Sprague- Dawley rats were randomly assigned into three groups： group 1, sham surgery; group 2, BCNC; and group 3, BCNC＋VED. Penile length and diameter were measured on a weekly basis. After 4 weeks of therapy, the penile blood was extracted by three methods for blood gas analysis （BGA）： method 1, cavernous blood was aspirated at the flaccid state; method 2, cavernous blood was aspirated at the traction state; and method 3, cavernous blood was aspirated immediately after applying VED. SO2 values were tested by the blood gas analyzer. The results showed that VED therapy is effective in preventing penile shrinkage induced by BCNC （Penile shortening： BCNC group 1.9±1.1 mm; VED group 0.3±1.0 mm; P〈0.01. Penile diameter reduction： BCNC group 0.28±0.14 mm; VED group 0.04±0.14 mm; P〈0.01）. The mean SO2±s.d. values were increased by VED application （88.25%±4.94%） compared to the flaccid （76.53%±4.16%） or traction groups （78.93%±2.56%）（P〈0.05）. The calculated blood constructs in the corpus cavernosum right after VED application were 62% arterial and 38% venous blood. These findings suggest that VED therapy can effectively preserve penile size in rats with BCNC injury. The beneficial effect of VED therapy is related to antihypoxia by increasing cavernous blood SO2.

关键词： blood SO2 erectile dysfunction (ED) penile size vacuum therapy

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Blueberry:Functional Traits and Obtention of Bioactive Compounds

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第18期5卷 2633-2645页

作者： Fernanda Izabel Garcia da Rocha Concenco Paulo César Stringheta Afonso Mota Ramos Igor Hiroshi Terayama Oliveira food Science department Federal University of VicosaVicosaBrazil

There is pressure from consumers about exchanging synthetic for natural dyes in foods. This review aimed to expose the potential of blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) as a source of natural dye, associated with its properties of functional food. Blueberry is a fruit plant natural from temperate climate, rich in phenolic compounds. The properties of phenolic compounds can be attributed to its ability to capture free radicals, deactivating or eliminating them from the body. Anthocyanins are flavonoid phenolic compounds responsible for color of fruits, flowers and vegetables. Blueberry is rich in anthocyanins, being its content more affected by genotype than by climatic or environmental factors. Brazil has the potential to assume an important position in the worldwide market of this fruit, both in natura and as byproducts, whose main destinations are populations from regions with higher income and educational level, as the North America and Europe. Due to the importance of blueberry as a source of natural pigments, as well as its high value while associated with functional food, it is important to improve extraction and stabilization processes of anthocyanins from blueberry fruits. Researches should focus on the technical viability and cost reduction in the extraction of this pigment. Pioneer studies with blueberry have been conducted in Brazil, but the intensification of researches will allow yield maximization, increased levels of anthocyanins in fruits, and compound stability after extraction. Another focus should be the use of these natural pigments in order to replace those currently used.

关键词： Vaccinium myrtillus Phenols Anthocyanins Antioxidant Activity Functional Properties Drying

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A complete genome for a commercial duck

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第2期11卷 344-346页

作者： Jim KAUFMAN Institute for Immunology and Infection Research University of EdinburghEdinburghEH93FLUK department of Veterinary Medicine University of CambridgeCambridgeCB30ESUK

Biology has been revolutionized by the availability of whole genome sequences, along with all the associated approaches including genome-wide association studies, various-omics methodologies and now precise genome editing^([1–6]). The study of domesticated animal food species has already benefitted from these basic technologies(for a few examples out of many^([7–14])), and it is anticipated that there will be enormous advances arising from deep understanding and precise intervention. However, these improvements depend on the availability of a complete high-quality genomes.

关键词： genome precise complete

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Soil polygon disaggregation through similarity-based prediction with legacy pedons

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Journal of Arid Land 2016年第5期8卷 760-772页

作者： LIU Feng GENG Xiaoyuan ZHU A-xing Walter FRASER SONG Xiaodong ZHANG Ganlin State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences Science and Technology Branch Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada School of Geography Nanjing Normal University department of Geography University of Wisconsin-Madison

Conventional soil maps generally contain one or more soil types within a single soil *** their geographic locations within the polygon are not *** restricts current applications of the maps in site-specific agricultural management and environmental *** examined the utility of legacy pedon data for disaggregating soil polygons and the effectiveness of similarity-based prediction for making use of the under-or over-sampled legacy pedon data for the *** method consisted of three ***,environmental similarities between the pedon sites and each location were computed based on soil formative environmental ***,according to soil types of the pedon sites,the similarities were aggregated to derive similarity distribution for each soil ***,a hardening process was performed on the maps to allocate candidate soil types within the *** study was conducted at the soil subgroup level in a semi-arid area situated in Manitoba,*** on 186 independent pedon sites,the evaluation of the disaggregated map of soil subgroups showed an overall accuracy of 67% and a Kappa statistic of *** map represented a better spatial pattern of soil subgroups in both detail and accuracy compared to a dominant soil subgroup map,which was commonly used in *** predictions mainly occurred in the agricultural plain area and the soil subgroups that are very similar in taxonomy,indicating that new environmental covariates need to be *** concluded that the combination of legacy pedon data with similarity-based prediction is an effective solution for soil polygon disaggregation.

关键词： legacy pedon data similarity-based prediction spatial disaggregation conventional soil maps

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Surface charge tunable nanoparticles for TNF-α siRNA oral delivery for treating ulcerative colitis

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Nano Research 2018年第5期11卷 2872-2884页

作者： Shoaib Iqbal Xiaojiao Du Jilong Wang Hongjun Li Youyong Yuan Jun Wang School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China School of Medicine South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 China Institutes for Life Sciences South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 China Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 Chino National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction Guangzhou 510006 China Research Institute for food nutrition and Human Health Guangzhou 510641 China

Nanopartide （NP） drug delivery systems have been successfully designed and implemented to orally deliver small interfering RNAs （siRNAs） for inflammatory disorders. However, the influence of surface charge on orally administered siRNA nanocarriers has not been investigated. In this study, we prepared structurally related poly（ethylene glycol）-block-poly（lactic-co-glycolic acid）（PEG5K-b-PLGA10K） NPs with the assistance of a synthesized lipid featuring surface amine groups for subsequent charge tuning. NPs were prepared by a double emulsion method, and their surface charge could be tuned and controlled by a succinylation reaction to yield NPs with different surface charges, while maintaining their size and composition. The prepared NPs were termed as aminated NPs （ANPs）, plain NPs （PNPs）, or carboxylated NPs （CNPs） based on their surface charge. All NPs exhibited the desired structural stability and siRNA integrity after enzymatic degradation. In vivo studies showed that ANPs significantly accumulated in inflamed colons, and they were successful in decreasing TNF-α secretion and mRNA expression levels while maintaining colonic histology in a murine model of acute ulcerative colitis （UC）. This study described a methodology to modify the surface charge of siRNA-encapsulating polymeric NPs and highlighted the influence of surface charge on oral delivery of siRNA for localized inflammatory disorders.

关键词： surface charge tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α) small interferingRNA (siRNA) drug delivery polymeric nanoparticles ulcerative colitis

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Consumption Pattern of Energy Drinks by University of Ibadan Students and Associated Health Risks Factors

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food and nutrition Sciences 2014年第22期5卷 2209-2216页

作者： Oladejo Thomas Adepoju Victoria Oluwakemi Ojo department of Human nutrition Faculty of Public Health College of Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

Energy drinks are non alcoholic, carbonated beverages claimed to give extra burst of energy for daily obligation. They contain some form of legal stimulants and vitamins which are meant to give consumers short term boost in energy and increase mental alertness. Energy drinks enjoy patronage especially among higher institution students in Nigeria, but little is known about the consumption pattern and possible health risks to consumers. This study was carried out to determine the contribution of four commonly consumed energy drinks to energy intake of University of Ibadan students and the associated health risk factors. A descriptive cross-sectional survey of energy drinks consumption was carried out using a four-stage systematic random sampling technique to select 307 students from six out of nine halls of residence for Undergraduates and the two Postgraduate halls. A validated semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic characteristics, consumption pattern and frequency, and factors influencing consumption of energy drinks. Samples of the four most commonly consumed energy drinks by the students (Power Horse, Emerge, Red Bull and Matador brands) were purchased from different stores within and around the University of Ibadan campus. Composite samples of all the four energy drinks (with at least six months expiration date) were analysed for physico- chemical characteristics, gross energy, minerals and B-vitamins content in triplicate using standard methods of AOAC. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and one way ANOVA, and level of significance set at p < 0.05. Respondents mean age was 23.1 ± 4.6 years, 79.2% were undergraduates and 51.1% were female. Majority (74.6%) of respondents had ever taken energy drinks prior to the study, 42.4% reported consuming at least one can in a week, and 52.1% consumed 1 can at a sitting. Reasons for consumption included to increase: energy (48.2%), mental alertness

关键词： Consumption Pattern Energy Drinks Nutrient Composition Calorie Intake

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Hyperactivity of a midbrain dopamine to 5-HT circuit causes anorexia

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2022年第5期14卷 63-64页

作者： Hailan Liu Xing Cai Yanlin He Yong Xu department of Pediatrics Children's Nutrition Research CenterBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China Brain Glycemic and Metabolism Control department Pennington Biomedical Research CenterLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70808USA department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA

Anorexia nervosa(AN)is a severe eating disorder that can eventually lead to death,buteffective the rapiesare missing dueto a lack of knowledge about its ***(DA)neurons in theventral tegmental area(VTA)and serotonin(5-HT)neurons in the dorsal Raphe nucleus(DRN)play essential roles in the control of eating and have been reported to be as sociated with human AN(Zhou and Palmiter,1995;Xu et al.,2017;Watson et al.,2019;He et al.,2021).

关键词： al. Watson dopamine

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Zinc Levels in Raw and Blanched Slenderleaf sp. (<i>Crotalaria ochroleuca</i>&<i>Crotalaria brevidens</i>) Indigenous Vegetables

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food and nutrition Sciences 2019年第7期10卷 815-822页

作者： Florence O. Habwe Walingo K. Mary department of nutrition & Health Maseno University Maseno Kenya Maasai Mara University Narok Kenya

An estimated 20% of the world’s population is at risk for zinc (Zn) deficiency. Micronutrient deficiencies are most prevalent in Africa and remain a major problem facing poor populations, whose impact is worsened by HIV/AIDS pandemic. Adequate zinc nutrition is essential for adequate growth, immunocompetence and neurobehavioral development. In Sub-Saharan Africa, Zn deficiency risk stands at 34.6% with 25.6% of its population having inadequate zinc intake. It is widespread in areas where diets lack diversity and it has been implicated as a contributing factor to stunting in approximately a third of children in low-income countries. In Kenya, it is a public health problem that about 50% of children under 6 years and 50% of women are affected. Zn deficiency rates are severe and pose severe consequences whose impact would translate into poor economic development and would set a vicious cycle effect that will take many generations to correct if left unchecked. It is important to examine zinc in the diet but its concentration in food varies depending partly on processing besides other factors. The objective of this study was to assess blanching as a food preparation method’s implication to Zn levels in vegetables. Blanching is a method where vegetables are dipped in boiling water for around two minutes and removed to avoid over cooking. Zn levels in slenderleaf sp. Indigenous vegetable commonly found in the Lake Victoria Basin region is not known. An experimental study was carried out to analyze zinc levels in raw and blanched slenderleaf sp. (Crotalaria ochroleuca & Crotalaria brevidens) vegetables. Results indicated that blanching reduces Zinc levels in slenderleaf vegetables, however, the reductions are not significant;the levels after blanching are still vital. It is, therefore, recommended to minimize blanching time in order to reduce loss of the vital nutrient in slenderleaf sp. vegetables.

关键词： Zinc Levels Indigenous Vegetables Slenderleaf Crotalaria ochroleuca Crotalaria brevidens Blanching

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Preparation and properties of pectinase immobilized on chitosan support

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 2008年第1期2卷 53-57页

作者： LI Tuo-ping LI Su-hong WANG Na GUO Mei SUN Jing-yuan LIU Jin-fu department of food Science Tianjin Agricultural University Tianjin 300384 China department of food Science Shenyang Normal University Shenyang 110000 China

Pectinase was immobilized onto chitosan support itsing glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent to obtain high activity and stability of pectinase.x A maximum residual activity of 55% was obtained with 0.4 mg proteirdg chitosan （w/w）, 5% （v/v） g/utara/dehyde, and 4℃ for the crosslinking reaction. The optimal pH and temperature for pectinase activity changed from 3.0 and 40℃ to 3.5 and 50℃, respectively, after immobilization The immobilized enzyme exhibited higher stability under varying conditions of pH and temperature and better reusability than the free enzyme.

关键词： chitosan glutaraldehyde immobilization pectinase

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