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Enterogenic Stenotrophomonas maltophilia migrates to the mammary gland to induce mastitis by activating the calcium-ROS-AMPK-mTOR-autophagy pathway

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 236-252页

作者： Zhaoqi He Caijun Zhao Yuhong He Zhuoyu Liu Guyue Fan Kun Zhu Yiqi Wang Naisheng Zhang Yunhe Fu Xiaoyu Hu department of clinical Veterinary Medicine College of Veterinary MedicineJilin UniversityChangchun 130062Jilin ProvinceChina

Background Mastitis is an inflammatory disease of the mammary gland that has serious economic impacts on the dairy industry and endangers food *** previous study found that the body has a gut/rumen-mammary gland axis and that disturbance of the gut/rumen microbiota could result in‘gastroenterogenic mastitis'.However,the mechanism has not been fully ***,we found that long-term feeding of a high-concentrate diet induced mastitis in dairy cows,and the abundance of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia(***)was significantly increased in both the rumen and milk ***,we hypothesized that‘gastroenterogenic mastitis'can be induced by the migration of endogenous gut bacteria to the mammary ***,this study investigated the mechanism by which enterogenic *** induces *** First,*** was labelled with superfolder GFP and administered to mice via *** results showed that treatment with *** promoted the occurrence of mastitis and increased the permeability of the blood-milk barrier,leading to intestinal inflammation and intestinal ***,tracking of ingested *** revealed that *** could migrate from the gut to the mammary gland and induce ***,mammary gland transcriptome analysis showed that the calcium and AMPK signalling pathways were significantly upregulated in mice treated with ***,using mouse mammary epithelial cells(MMECs),we verified that *** induces mastitis through activation of the calcium-ROS-AMPK-mTOR-autophagy *** In conclusion,the results showed that enterogenic *** could migrate from the gut to the mammary gland via the gut-mammary axis and activate the calcium-ROS-AMPK-mTOR-autophagy pathway to induce *** the gut-mammary gland axis may also be an effective method to treat mastitis.

关键词： Calcium-ROS-AMPK-mTOR-autophagy pathway Gut-mammary axis Mastitis S.maltophilia

Mesenteric adipose tissue B lymphocytes promote intestinal injury in severe acute pancreatitis by mediating enteric pyroptosis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 300-309页

作者： Qing Huang Jia-Wen Liu Hai-Bin Dong Zheng-Jie Wei Jin-Zhe Liu Yu-Tang Ren Xuan Jiang Bo Jiang department of Gastroenterology Beijing Tsinghua Changgung HospitalSchool of Clinical MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 102218China

Background:Visceral adipose tissue(VAT)has been linked to the severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)prognosis,although the underlying mechanism remains *** has been reported that pyroptosis worsens *** present study aimed to verify whether mesenteric adipose tissue(MAT,a component of VAT)can cause secondary intestinal injury through the pyroptotic ***:Thirty-six male Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were divided into six different *** rats were randomly divided into the SAP and control *** monitored the changes of MAT and B lymphocytes infiltration in MAT of SAP *** SAP rats were injected with MAT B lymphocytes or phosphate buffer solution(PBS).The remaining twelve SAP rats were first injected with MAT B lymphocytes,and then with MCC950(NLRP3 inhibitor)or *** collected blood and tissue samples from pancreas,gut and MAT for ***:Compared to the control rats,the SAP group showed inflammation in MAT,including higher expression of tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6),lower expression of IL-10,and histological *** cytometry analysis revealed B lymphocytes infiltration in MAT but not T lymphocytes and *** SAP rats also exhibited intestinal injury,characterized by lower expression of zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)and occludin,higher levels of lipopolysaccharide and diamine oxidase,and pathological *** expression of NLRP3 and n-GSDMD,which are responsible for pyroptosis,was increased in the intestine of SAP *** injection of MAT B lymphocytes into SAP rats exacerbated the inflammation in *** upregulation of pyroptosis reduced tight junction in the intestine,which contributed to the SAP progression,including higher inflammatory indicators and worse histological *** administration of MCC950 to SAP+MAT B rats downregulated pyroptosis,which subsequently improved the intestinal barrier and ameliorated inflammatory response of ***:In SAP,MAT B lymphocytes aggravated local

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Mesenteric adipose tissue B lymphocyte Intestinal barrier Pyroptosis

Metadherin-driven promotion of cancer stem cell phenotypes and its effect on immunity in hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第20期30卷 2624-2628页

作者： Nevena Todorović Amedeo Amedei department of Experimental and clinical Medicine University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy Clinic for Infectious and Tropical Diseases University Clinical Centre of SerbiaBelgrade 11000Serbia

In this editorial we provide commentary on the article published by Wang et al,featured in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology in *** focus on the metadherin(MTDH),also known as astrocyte elevated gene-1 or lysine rich CEACAM1,and its effects on cancer stem cells(CSCs)and immunity in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).HCC is the most common primary liver cancer and one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths *** HCC cases develop in the context of liver *** the pivotal mechanisms of carcinogenesis are gene mutations,dysregulation of diverse signaling pathways,epigenetic alterations,hepatitis B virus-induced hepatocarcinogenesis,chronic inflammation,impact of tumor microenvironment,oxidative *** the years,extensive research has been conducted on the MTDH role in various tumor pathologies,such as lung,breast,ovarian,gastric,hepatocellular,colorectal,renal carcinoma,neuroblastoma,melanoma,and ***,its involvement in tumor development processes including transformation,apoptosis evasion,angiogenesis,invasion,and metastasis via multiple signaling *** has been demonstrated that knockdown or knockout of MTDH disrupt tumor development and *** addition,numerous reports have been carried out regarding the MTDH influence on HCC,demonstrating its role as a predictor of poor prognosis,aggressive tumor phenotypes prone to metastasis and recurrence,and exhibiting significant potential for therapy ***,more studies finely investigated the influence of MTDH on *** CSCs are a small subpopulation of tumor cells that sharing traits with normal stem cells like self-renewal and differentiation abilities,alongside a high plasticity that alters their *** their presumed role in tumor initiation,they can drive also disease relapse,metastasis,and resistance to chemo and radiotherapy.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Metadherin Astrocyte elevated gene-1 Lysine rich

The Regulatory Role and Mechanism of Circadian Rhythm in Hemoglobin Co-cultured Neurovascular Unit

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期37卷 726-738页

作者： Fang Xue Wenchao Chen Xia Lian Guanghui He Jingyuan Tian Yinghong Liu Gaiqing Wang department of Neurology The Second Clinical School of MedicineShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030002ShanxiChina The Second clinical School of Medicine Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030002ShanxiChina department of clinical lab The First People’s Hospital of ZhaotongZhaotong 657000YunnanChina department of Neurology Sanya Central Hospital(Hainan Third People’s Hospital)Hainan Medical UniversitySanya 57200HainanChina

Objective Intracranial hemorrhage(ICH),the second most common subtype of stroke,exacerbates the disruption of the blood-brain barrier(BBB),leading to vasogenic edema,plasma protein extravasation,and infiltration of neurotoxic *** clearance capacity of the brain plays a crucial role in maintaining BBB homeostasis and facilitating patient recovery after *** study aimed to investigate the effect of circadian rhythms on BBB function,neuronal damage,and clearance *** The transwell model and hemoglobin were co-cultured to simulate the BBB environment after *** intervention with different light groups,neuronal apoptosis was determined,glial phagocytosis was analyzed,the expression of endogenous clearing-related proteins aquaporin 4(AQP4)and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1(LRP1)was detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence dual standard method,and the expression of the tight junction protein occludin and melatonin receptor 1A(MTNR1A)was quantitatively *** Circadian rhythms play a key role in maintaining the integrity of the BBB,reducing oxidative stress-induced neuronal damage,and improving microglial ***,the expression of occludin and MTNR1A in neurovascular unit(NVU)co-cultured with hemoglobin improved the expression of AQP4 and LRP1,the key proteins in the NVU's endogenous brain clearance *** Circadian rhythm(alternating black and white light)protects the NVU BBB function after ICH,promotes the expression of proteins related to the clearance of the hematoma,provides new evidence for the clinical treatment of patients recovering from ICH,and improves the circadian rhythm to promote brain metabolism and hematoma clearance.

关键词： Blood-brain barrier Circadian rhythm Neurovascular unit Melatonin receptor 1A Aquaporin-4

Activation of cerebral Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate(Rac) 1 promotes post-ischemic stroke functional recovery in aged mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 881-886页

作者： Fan Bu Jia-Wei Min Md Abdur Razzaque Ahmad El Hamamy Anthony Patrizz Li Qi Akihiko Urayama Jun Li department of Neurology University of Texas Health Science Center department of Neurology&Psychology The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine

Brain functional impairment after stroke is common;however,the molecular mechanisms of post-stroke recovery remain *** is well-recognized that age is the most important independent predictor of poor outcomes after stroke as older patients show poorer functional outcomes following *** evidence suggests that axonal regeneration and angiogenesis,the major forms of brain plasticity responsible for post-stroke recovery,diminished with advanced *** studies suggest that Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate(Rac)1 enhances stroke recovery as activation of Rac1 improved behavior recovery in a young mice stroke ***,we investigated the role of Rac1 signaling in long-term functional recovery and brain plasticity in an aged(male,18 to 22 months old C57BL/6J)brain after ischemic *** found that as mice aged,Rac1 expression declined in the *** overexpression of Rac1,using lentivirus encoding Rac1 injected day 1 after ischemic stroke,promoted cognitive(assessed using novel object recognition test)and sensorimotor(assessed using adhesive removal tests)recovery on days 14–*** was accompanied by the increase of neurite and proliferative endothelial cells in the periinfarct zone assessed by *** a reverse approach,pharmacological inhibition of Rac1 by intraperitoneal injection of Rac1 inhibitor NSC23766 for 14 successive days after ischemic stroke worsened the outcome with the reduction of neurite and proliferative endothelial ***,Rac1 inhibition reduced the activation of p21-activated kinase 1,the protein level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor,and increased the protein level of glial fibrillary acidic protein in the ischemic brain on day 28 after *** work provided insight into the mechanisms behind the diminished plasticity after cerebral ischemia in aged brains and identified Rac1 as a potential therapeutic target for improving functional recovery in the older adults after stroke.

关键词： aging angiogenesis brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) cerebral ischemia cognitive recovery neurite Pak1 Rac1 sensorimotor recovery

Isotropic volumetric MRI for displaying cranial perineural spread of cranial nerve in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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中国医学影像技术 2024年第8期40卷 1164-1169页

作者： ZHENG Dechun XU Shugui LAI Guojing HU Chunmiao CAO Xisheng FENG Meimei PENG Li department of Radiology Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical UniversityFujian Cancer HospitalFuzhou 350014China department of Radiation Oncology Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical UniversityFujian Cancer HospitalFuzhou 350014China

Objective To observe the value of isotropic volumetric MRI for displaying perineural spread(PNS)of cranial nerve(CN)in nasopharyngeal *** Eighty-seven patients with pathologically proven nasopharyngeal carcinoma were prospectively *** scanning,including three-dimensional liver acquisition with volume acceleration-flexible(3D LAVA_Flex)image,T2WI with fat suppression(T2WI-FS),T1WI,contrast enhancement(CE)T1WI-FS of nasopharynx and neck region were *** displaying rates of CN PNS were evaluated and compared between 3D LAVA_Flex and T2WI-FS,T1WI,CE-T1WI-FS at patient level,CN group level and neural level,*** The displaying rate of CN PNS in all 87 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients by 3D LAVA_Flex sequence was 49.43%(43/87),higher than that of conventional MRI(30/87,34.48%,P=0.001).Among 59 patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosed with conventional sequences,the displaying rate of CN PNS was 71.19%(42/59)by 3D LAVA-Flex sequence,higher than that of conventional MRI(30/59,50.85%,P=0.001).At both patient level and posterior CN level,significant differences of the displaying rate of CN PNS were found between 3D LAVA-Flex sequence and T2WI-FS,T1WI,CE-T1WI-FS,while at CN level,the displaying rates of mandibular nerve PNS,CNⅨ—ⅪPNS in jugular foramen(P<0.05)and CNⅨ—ⅫPNS in carotid space of 3D LAVA_Flex sequence were all significantly higher than that of T2WI-FS,T1WI and CE-T1WI-FS(all P<0.05),of PNS of CNⅢ—Ⅴin cavernous sinus were higher than that of T2WI-FS(P<0.05),while of PNS of hypoglossal nerve were significantly higher than that of T2WI-FS and T1WI(both P<0.05).Conclusion 3D LAVA_Flex sequence could be used to effectively display CN PNS of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

关键词： nasopharyngeal neoplasm cranial nerve magnetic resonance imaging neoplasm metastasis prospective studies

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Interaction between inflammatory bowel disease,physical activity,and myokines:Assessment of serum irisin levels

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第22期30卷 2923-2926页

作者： Marwan SM Al-Nimer department of Therapeutics and clinical Pharmacology College of MedicineUniversity of DiyalaBaqubah 32001Iraq

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis,showed a wide spectrum of intestinal and extra-intestinal manifestations,which rendered the patients physically inactive and impaired their quality of *** has been found that physical activity is a non-pharmacological intervention that improves the quality of life for those *** is one member of the myokines secreted by muscle contraction during exercise and could be used as an antiinflammatory biomarker in assessing the physical activity of IBD *** addition,experimental studies showed that exogenous irisin significantly decreased the inflammatory markers and the histological changes of the intestinal mucosa observed in experimental ***,irisin produces changes in the diversity of the ***,endogenous or exogenous irisin,via its anti-inflammatory effects,will improve the health of IBD patients and will limit the barriers to physical activity in patients with IBD.

关键词： Irisin Inflammatory bowel disease Physical activity Myokines Prognostic marker

Eubacterium coprostanoligenes alleviates chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis by enhancing intestinal mucus barrier

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第4期14卷 1677-1692页

作者： Dongsheng Bai Jiawei Zhao Runde Wang Jiaying Du Chen Zhou Chunyang Gu Yuxiang Wang Lulu Zhang Yue Zhao Na Lu State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and InterventionDepartment of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medicine and Clinical PharmacyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China department of clinical Pharmacology School of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China

Chemotherapy-induced mucositis represents a severe adverse outcome of cancer treatment,significantly curtailing the efficacy of these treatments and,in some cases,resulting in fatal *** identifying intestinal epithelial cell damage as a key factor in chemotherapy-induced mucositis,the paucity of effective treatments for such damage is *** our study,we discovered that Eubacterium coprostanoligenes promotes mucin secretion by goblet cells,thereby fortifying the integrity of the intestinal mucus *** enhanced barrier function serves to resist microbial invasion and sub-sequently reduces the inflammatory ***,this effect remains unobtrusive to the anti-tumor efficacy of chemotherapy ***,*** up-regulates the expression of AUF1,leading to the stabilization of Muc2 mRNA and an increase in mucin synthesis in goblet *** espe-cially significant finding is that *** activates the AhR pathway,thereby promoting the expression of *** summary,our results strongly indicate that *** enhances the intestinal mucus barrier,effec-tively alleviating chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis by activating the AhR/AUFl pathway,consequently enhancing Muc2 mRNA stability.

关键词： Chemotherapy Mucositis Eubacterium coprostanoligenes MUC2 AUF1

New frontiers in ectopic pancreatic tissue management

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第4期16卷 1215-1217页

作者： Serghei Covantsev department of clinical Research and Development Botkin HospitalMoscow 125284Russia

The pancreatic development variations are relatively frequent but are often overlooked in clinical *** is due to the fact that they do not present with a distinct clinical picture and are usually *** also refers to the ectopic pancreatic tissue in the *** anomaly can be diagnosed in any part of the digestive system,but it is mostly seen in the upper gastrointestinal tract,especially in the stomach,duodenum and *** management of this condition has evolved due to the development of minimally invasive procedures.

关键词： Ectopic pancreatic tissue Stomach Endoscopy Laparoscopy Pancreas Anomalies