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A case report on a rare case of primary tuberculous otitis media

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Journal of Otology 2024年第1期19卷 40-45页

作者： Dr Yadav Sagar Shyamlal Dr Shikha Gianchand Dr Rahul Kurkure Dept of ent and Head Neck Surgery 5 Air Force HospitalJorhatAssam785005India Dept of ent and Head Neck Surgery Armed Forces Medical CollegePuneMaharashtra411040India

Although tuberculosis has become more common in recent years, it still accounts for just a small percentage of cases of chronic otitis media. Common symptoms of tuberculous otitis media(TOM) include otorrhoea, hearing loss, and multiple tympanic membrane perforations. Due to its rarity, the illness is frequently misdiagnosed. When a patient does not improve with standard antibacterial and antifungal treatment, this may be a possible diagnosis to explore. Complete healing is possible if the illness is diagnosed and treated timely to prevent consequences.

关键词： otitis healing diagnosis

Severe Cut Throat Injury in a Child: A Case Report and Review of Literature

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第4期13卷 285-292页

作者： Nafisatu Bello-Muhammad Hamisu Abdullahi Yasir Nuhu Jibril Auwal Adamu Manir Hamza Anka Muhammad Ghazali Hasheem department of ent Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Bayero University Kano Nigeria department of ent Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital Bauchi Nigeria department of ent Federal University of Health Sciences Azare Bauchi State Nigeria

Background: Cut-throat injury is a potentially fatal condition that may be associated with serious morbidity and mortality. The neck region is particularly at risk of serious injuries due to the location of vital structures, including nerves, viscera, and major vessels. Although cut-throat injury is said to be rare in children, its occurrence has been reported in some series. Management of this condition requires a multidisciplinary approach for a better outcome. Aim: The aim of this report is to highlight the successful management of an alarming case of severe cut-throat injury with associated laryngeal injury in a child. Case presentation: A 12-year-old boy presented with a cut-throat following an assault by an unknown person. Examination revealed an acutely ill child, conscious but pale. He sustained a deep transverse laceration that transected the thyroid cartilage, exposing the laryngeal cavity. An assessment of Zone II penetrating neck injury was made. He was resuscitated, and had emergency neck exploration, tracheostomy, and repair of the injuries. The patient was followed up for 6 months, and had a good voice outcome, with no significant complication. Conclusion: Cut-throat injury is rare in children. But it is a potentially life-threatening condition. It is therefore important to recognize this entity and develop effective protocol of management in our environment.

关键词： Cut-Throat Neck Trauma Penetrating Neck Injury Neck Exploration Tracheostomy

Artificial Water Channel Promoting Depolymerization of Actin Filaments to Trigger Cancer Cell Apoptosis

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第12期42卷 1335-1340页

作者： Lei Zhang Yin-Gui Cao Ting Fan Jjiatong Zhao Yong-Hong Fu Qi Xiao Zhan-Ting Li Yunfeng Wang Bo Xiao Jun-Li Hou department of Chemistry Fudan University220 Handan RoadShanghai 200433China State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology Cllege of SericultureTextileand Biomass Sciences InstitutionSouthwest UniversityChongqing400715China ent Institute and Otorhinolaryngology department of Eye&ent Hospital Fudan UniversityShanghai 200031 Fudan International School 325 Guoquan RoadShanghai 200433China

Actin filaments play important physiological functions,which have become potential targets of antitumor *** chemicals to intervene their polymerization-depolymerization dynamics would generate new strategies for designing antitumor *** this report,an artificial water channel appending acetazolamide moiety,a ligand that can selectively bind to carbonic anhydrase IX,has been prepared.

关键词： Artificial water channel Actin depolymerization Cell apoptosis Nanostructures Molecular recognition Supramolecular chemistry

Application of total keratometry in ten intraocular lens power calculation formulas in highly myopic eyes

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Eye and Vision 2024年第2期10卷 22-30页

作者： Ling Wei Kaiwen Cheng Wenwen He Xiangjia Zhu Yi Lu department of Ophthalmology and Eye Institute Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai 200031China Key Laboratory of Myopia(Fudan University)Key Laboratory of MyopiaShanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration National Health CommissionChinese Academy of Medical ScienceShanghai 200031China State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Fudan UniversityShanghai 200031China

Background:The accuracy of using total keratometry(TK)value in recent IOL power calculation formulas in highly myopic eyes remained ***:Highly myopic patients who underwent uneventful cataract surgery were prospectively enrolled in this prospective comparative *** one month postoperatively,standard deviation(SD)of the prediction errors(PEs),mean and median absolute error(MedAE)of 103 highly myopic eyes were back-calculated and compared among ten formulas,including XGboost,RBF 3.0,Kane,Barrett Universal II,Emmetropia Verifying Optical 2.0,Cooke K6,Haigis,SRK/T,and Wang-Koch modifications of Haigis and SRK/T formulas,using either TK or standard keratometry(K)***:In highly myopic eyes,despite good agreement between TK and K(P>0.05),larger differences between the two were associated with smaller central corneal thickness(P0.05),which both presented smaller MedAEs than others(all Pentage of eyes within±0.50 D or±0.75 D of PE,the XGBoost TK showed comparable percentages with the RBF 3.0 TK formula(74.76%vs.66.99%,or 90.29%vs.87.38%,P>0.05),and statistically larger percentages than the other eight formulas(Pent calculator and RBF 3.0 formula using TK showed the most promising outcomes in highly myopic eyes.

关键词： High myopia Total keratometry Cataract surgery IOL power calculation

Optical coherence tomography angiography metrics in different stages of diabetic macular edema

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Eye and Vision 2024年第3期10卷 13-20页

作者： Ruyi Han Ruowen Gong Wei Liu Gezhi Xu Eye Institute and department of Ophthalmology Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University83 Fenyang RoadShanghai200031People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration Fudan UniversityShanghaiPeople’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Myopia(Fudan University) Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesNational Health CommissionShanghaiPeople’s Republic of China

Background To investigate the optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)characteristics of diabetic macular edema(DME)at different *** This study was a cross-sectional *** diagnosed with DME were *** was classified into early,advanced,and severe *** vessel density(VD)in the superficial vascular plexus(SVP),deep vascular plexus(DVP)and foveal avascular zone(FAZ)parameters,including FAZ area,FAZ perimeter,acircularity index and foveal VD in a 300-μm-wide region around the FAZ(FD-300),were calculated by the AngioVue software.A multivariate generalized estimating equation was used to evaluate the associations between visual acuity and OCTA *** Ninety-two eyes from 74 patients with DME were included in this *** to early(P=0.006)and advanced DME(P=0.003),the acircularity index was higher in severe *** whole and parafoveal VD in the DVP decreased in eyes with severe DME compared to early DME(P=0.018,P=0.005,respectively)and advanced DME(P=0.035,P=0.012,respectively).In the multivariate generalized estimating equation,DME severity,FAZ area and foveal thickness were positively associated with worse visual acuity(P=0.001,P=0.007 and P=0.001,respectively).Conclusion Compared to early and advanced DME,severe DME showed increased irregularity in the FAZ and more extensive vessel damage in the *** severity level of DME,larger FAZ area,and increased foveal thickness could be risk factors for poor visual *** registration The protocol was published in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(ChiCTR2000033082).

关键词： Optical coherence tomography angiography Diabetic macular edema Vessel density Acircularity index

Management of Vulnating Esophageal Foreign Bodies in Burkina Faso

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第2期13卷 135-148页

作者： Ibrahima Diallo Aboubacar Gouéta Alseny Camara Assoumi Anatou Biga Mama Brigitte Ouoba Edi Emmanuel Martial Nao Moustapha Sérémé Bertin Priva Ouédraogo Yvette Marie Chantal Gyébré Abdoulaye Keita Alpha Oumar Diallo ent and HNS department Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso ent and HNS department Bogodogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso ent and HNS department Tengandogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso ent and HNS department Conakry University Hospital Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Esophageal foreign bodies (EFB) are a diagnostic and therapeutic emergency because of the serious complications they can cause. Aim: This paper aimed to study the vulnating esophageal foreign bodies in the ent and Head and Neck Surgery departments of the Yalgado Ouedraogo and Bogodogo University Hospital. Methodology: This was an analytic cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection over 10 years (2012-2021). Results: We collected 91 cases of vulnating esophageal foreign bodies, i.e. 9.1 cases/year (4.7%). The mean age of the patients was 14 ± 19 years. The sex ratio was 1.6. The circumstances of occurrence were dominated by accidental ingestion of vulnating esophageal foreign bodies (98.9%). The average time to consultation was 7.5 hours. Dysphagia was the dominant symptom (64.8%). Cervico-thoracic radiography found dual contour radiopaque images in 71.4%. Esophagoscopy with rigid tube was performed in 97.8%. The average time for extraction of the vulnating esophageal foreign bodies was 8 hours. Vulnerating esophageal foreign bodies were non-organic in 84.6%. The button cell represented 64.8%. Their location was cervical in 61.5% intraoperatively. The lesion assessment found ulcerative lesions in 42.9% (p Conclusion: Vulnating esophageal foreign bodies are relatively frequent in our ent practice. Although their diagnosis is often easy, their treatment is still difficult and requires multidisciplinary management. Thus, for us, prevention remains the first effective weapon.

关键词： Foreign Bodies Esophagus Vulnerable Management Sequelae

Post Blast Tympanic Perforations, Clinical and Paraclinical Study at Six Yaounde Hospitals

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第2期13卷 126-134页

作者： Andjock Nkouo Yves Christian Lekassa Pierrette Meva’a Biouele Roger Christian Moboung Prudence Mindja Eko David Djomou Francois Njock Richard Ndjolo Alexis Ophthalmology-Ear-Nose-Throat (ent)-Stomatology department Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon ent-Cervico-Facial-Surgery (CFS) Service Yaounde General Hospital Yaounde Cameroon ent-CFS Service Omar Bongo Ondimba Military Teaching Hospital Libreville Gabon ent-CFS Service Yaounde Central Hospital Yaounde Cameroon ent-CFS Service Yaounde Teaching Hospital Yaounde Cameroon ent-CFS Service Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon

Introduction: Post-blast tympanic perforations represent an entity of traumatic perforations;various mechanisms are at the origin of the latter, and the increase in conflicts and acts of violence are increasing the studies on this subject, but few data are available in our context. Objective: This paper aims to study post-blast tympanic perforations in Yaounde, specifically the epidemiological, clinical, and paraclinical aspects. Methodology: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective and prospective data collection in six Yaounde hospitals over 63 months from January 1, 2018, to March 31, 2023. All patients with at least one post-blast tympanic perforation were included. Socio-demographic, clinical and paraclinical data were collected on a questionnaire and analysed using SPSS 28 software. Results: We included 124 patients. The prevalence of post-blast tympanic perforations was 0.1% of the consultations in the departments. 71 The average age was 28.6 ± 9.1 years, with extremes ranging from 7 to 49 years. The median consultation time was five days. The most frequent injury circumstances were physical aggression (81.45%) and armed conflict (10.5%). The injury mechanisms were slaps (75%), punches (21.74%) and grenades (4.8%). The main symptoms on admission were hearing loss (63.7%), tinnitus (58.1%) and otalgia (57.3%). The tympanic perforations were unilateral in all cases, the anterior-inferior location was more characteristic, and the deafness was conductive in 58.3% of cases, followed by mixed deafness in 23.3% of cases. Conclusion: Post-blast tympanic perforations are rare in consultation. The population is primarily male and from the second decade of life. The main circumstance is aggression.

关键词： Tympanic Perforation Blast Yaounde

Benign Nasosinus Tumors: Epidemiological, Clinical, Morphological, Therapeutic, and Evolutionary Aspects at the Adolphe SICE General Hospital in Pointe-Noire (Congo-Brazzaville)

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Open Journal of Pathology 2024年第1期14卷 1-10页

作者： Sylvain Diembi Sydney Frousse Christian Ngatali Harol Boris Otouana Gérard Chidrel Gouoni Franck Itiere Odzili Donatien Moukassa Gontran Ondzotto ent department Adolphe SICE General Hospital Pointe-Noire Congo Oncology department Loandjili General Hospital Pointe-Noire Congo ent department Brazzaville Hospital and University Center Brazzaville Congo Master’s department Health & Human Biology FSSA UMNG Brazzaville Congo

Introduction: Benign nasosinus tumors (BNST) of epithelial origin are relatively rare and arise from the various lining tissues of the nasal and sinus cavities, and from glands developed from these epithelial invaginations. These include nasosinusal polyps, pleiomorphic adenoma and inverted papilloma. The aim of our study was to investigate the epidemiological, clinical, morphological, therapeutic, and evolutionary particularities of these three clinical entities, including two tumors with the potential for progressive malignancy (pleiomorphic adenoma and inverted papilloma) and one strictly benign tumor with a favorable evolution (nasosinus polyp or Schneider polyp). Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, analytical, cross-sectional study conducted from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2019 (13 years), in the department of Otolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery at Adolphe SICE Hospital, Pointe-Noire, Congo-Brazzaville. Results: During the study period, 74 patients were registered for a nasosinus tumor, of which 23 were benign tumors of epithelial origin (31%) distributed as follows: 15 cases of nasosinus polyp, 5 cases of pleomorphic adenoma and 3 cases of inverted papilloma. The mean age was 42.5 for polyps, with an estimated median of 38, and 42.9 for the other two entities (pleomorphic adenoma and inverted papilloma), with an estimated median of 41. Nasosinus allergy accounted for 17% of cases, followed by chronic sinusitis (12%);however, in 49% of cases, the patient’s history was not specified. There was no sexual predominance, the sex ratio being 1.08. Occupation, socio-economic level, and education had no impact on the development of these tumors. Most of our patients (52%, 12 cases) had a consultation delay of more than one (1) year, whatever the histological nature of the tumor. The complete nasosinus syndrome (NSS) included nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, epistaxis, and anosmia, and was found in 19 cases (83%), most often reflecting a nasosinus p

关键词： Nasosinus Polyp Pleomorphic Adenoma Inverted Papilloma Epidemiology Clinical Features Therapeutic Management

Heyingwuzi formulation alleviates diabetic retinopathy by promoting mitophagy via the HIF-1α/BNIP3/NIX axis

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第6期15卷 1317-1339页

作者： Jia-Jun Wu Shu-Yan Zhang Lin Mu Zhi-Guo Dong Yin-Jian Zhang department of Ophthalmology Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200032China department of Ophthalmology Eye and ENT HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200031China

BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is the primary cause of visual problems in patients with *** Heyingwuzi formulation(HYWZF)is effective against *** To determine the HYWZF prevention mechanisms,especially those underlying *** Human retinal capillary endothelial cells(HRCECs)were treated with high glucose(hg),HYWZF serum,PX-478,or Mdivi-1 in ***,cell counting kit-8,transwell,and tube formation assays were used to evaluate HRCEC proliferation,invasion,and tube formation,*** electron microscopy was used to assess mitochondrial morphology,and Western blotting was used to determine the protein *** cytometry was used to assess cell apoptosis,reactive oxygen species(ROS)production,and mitochondrial membrane ***,C57BL/6 mice were established in vivo using streptozotocin and treated with HYWZF for four *** glucose levels and body weight were monitored *** in retinal characteristics were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin,tar violet,and periodic acid-Schiff *** levels in retinal tissues were determined via Western blotting,immunohistochemistry,and *** HYWZF inhibited excessive ROS production,apoptosis,tube formation,and invasion in hg-induced HRCECs via mitochondrial autophagy in *** increased the mRNA expression levels of BCL2-interacting protein 3(BNIP3),FUN14 domain-containing 1,BNIP3-like(BNIP3L,also known as NIX),PARKIN,PTEN-induced kinase 1,and hypoxia-inducible factor(HIF)-1α.Moreover,it downregulated the protein levels of vascular endothelial cell growth factor and increased the light chain 3-II/I ***,PX-478 and Mdivi-1 reversed these ***,PX-478 and Mdivi-1 rescued the effects of HYWZF by decreasing oxidative stress and apoptosis and increasing *** intervention improved the symptoms of diabetes,tissue damage,number of acellular capillaries,and oxidative stress in ***,in vivo

关键词： Diabetic retinopathy HIF-1α/BNIP3/NIX axis Mitophagy Heyingwuzi formulation Traditional Chinese medicine