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Effects of Supplemental Carbohydrate Sources on Lactation Performance, Nitrogen Balance,and Ruminal Fermentation in Dairy Cows Fed Energy-Deficient Total Mixed Rations

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2011年第3期2卷 153-163页

作者： Huawei Su Zaijun Yang Shengli Li Zhijun Cao State Key Laboratory of Animal nutrition College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Beijing China 100193

The effects of supplemental carbohydrate （CHO） sources on milk yield and composition, nitrogen （N） balance,and ruminal fermentation were evaluated in lactating dairy cows fed energy-deficient total mixed rations （TMR） . Fifty-six lactating Holstein cows （36. 8 ± 3. 4 kg / d of milk yield; 152 ± 26 days in milk [DIM]） were randomly assigned to one of four diets：（1） basal TMR （control） ; （2） basal TMR ＋ 1. 25 kg / d sucrose （SUC） ; （3） basal TMR ＋ 2. 12 kg /d steam-flaked corn （SFC） ; （4） basal TMR ＋ 2. 23 kg / d wheat （WHE） . The trial lasted 70 days,including the first 10 days of adaptation. Simultaneously, a 4 × 4 Latin square trial was conducted with four ruminally cannulated cows of similar DMI （Dry Matter Intake） fed on the above four diets. Each testing period lasted 18 days： 15 days for adaptation and 3 days for sampling. Cows fed SUC-,SFC-,and WHE-supplemented diets produced 1. 6,2. 9,and 0. 8 kg / d,respectively,more milk than those on the basal TMR control diet,but the difference was not significant （P = 0. 160） . However,the production of energy-corrected milk of cows fed CHO-supplemented diets improved significantly （P = 0. 020） ,and the yield of 4% fatcorrected milk tended to be higher （P = 0. 063） than in control animals. Percentages of milk protein,lactoseand solids-not-fat （SNF） increased significantly in cows fed CHO-supplemented diets （P 〈 0. 05） ,and yields of milk protein and SNF were significantly higher （P 〈0. 05） ; yields of milk fat and lactose were somewhat higher （P 〈 0. 10） . Cows receiving supplementary CHO diets consumed more DM （Dry Matter）（P = 0. 023） ; however,there was no significant difference in N retention,digestibility,or utilization efficiency among the treatments （P 〉 0. 10） . The average ruminal pH was lowest in cows supplemented with SUC,while that in cows supplemented with SFC and WHE was only slightly reduced （P = 0. 025） . Ruminal NH 3 -N concentration was highest with no supplementary CHO （P = 0. 017） ,and changes in pos

关键词： carbohydrates dairy cows lactation performance nitrogen balance ruminal fermentation

Amplicon-Based Illumina Sequencing and Quantitative PCR Reveals Nanoplankton Diversity and Biomass in Surface Water of Qinhuangdao Coastal Area, China

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2019年第4期18卷 962-976页

作者： QIAO Ling YU Jie LI Ying GUO Haobing ZHEN Yu ZHANG Lingling MI Tiezhu BAO Zhenmin XU Xiaochun Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology Ministry of Education Qingdao 266100 China Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266071 China Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ocean University of China) Ministry of Education Qingdao 266003 China Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and food Production Processes Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266071 China School of Applied technology Qingdao University Qingdao 266100 China

Aureococcus anophagefferens caused brown tides for three consecutive years from 2009 to 2011 in the coastal waters of Qinhuangdao, China, with numerous, widespread ecological and economic impact on ecosystems. To understand the population dy- namics of nanoplankton during the brown tides, sequences of the V9 region of the 18S rDNA gene, used as a marker, were analyzed by Illumina sequencing to assess nanoplankton biomass, and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was performed to analyze spa- tial variation in the 18S rDNA copy concentrations of nanoplankton off the Qinhuangdao coast in July, 2011. The results showed that A. anophagefferens and Minutocellus polymorphus were the dominant species in the local phytoplankton community during the brown tide in July 2011. The highest 18S rDNA copy concentrations of A. anophagefferens and M. polymorphus were detected at stations SHG and FN, respectively. The central area most strongly affected by the brown tide migrated southward from 2011 to 2013. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the decreasing NOx concentration might provide suitable nutrient conditions for the A. anophagefferens outbreak. During the brown tide caused by A. anophagefferens, other phytoplankton, such as diatoms, cryptophytes, chlorophytes, dinoflagellates and other flagellates, could co-occur with it. For zooplankton, due to less selective feeding behavior, Amoebozoa was the most abundant zooplankton at station SHG, while Ciliophora was the most abundant zooplankton at other sta- tions for its more selective feeding.

关键词： Aureococcus anophagefferens Minutocellus polymorphus 18S rDNA gene Illumina sequencing brown tide

Dose-effect Study of Lipoic Acid Supplementation on Growth Performance in a Weaned Rat Model

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2011年第1期2卷 27-34页

作者： Pengfei Han Jingdong Yin Pingli He Xi Ma State Key Laboratory of Animal nutrition College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China

The present study investigated the doseeffect relationship of graded levels of lipoic acid supplementation on growth performance and small intestinal development in a weaned rat model. Seventy-two weaned Sprague-Dawley rats, were fed semipurified diets （ n = 12 ）, either unsupplemented （ group I） or supplemented with 12.5,25,125, or 250 mg/kg body weight （ BW ） lipoic acid （ groups HI, IV, V, and VI）, with 200 mg/kg BW aureomycin as the antibiot- ic control （ group II）. The experiment lasted 21 days. Growth performance was not significantly different （P 〉 0.05） between rats under the antibiotic control （group I） and rats fed low levels （12. 5 and 25 mg/kg BW） of lipoic acid （groups III and IV）. In contrast,high level （125 and 250 mg/kg BW） lipoic acid supplementation （groups V and VI）（P 〈 0.05 ） reduced weight gain, feed consumption, and feed efficiency. In addition, high levels （125 and 250 mg/kg BW） of lipoic acid significantly （P 〈 0.05） reduced the villus height/crypt depth ratio, as well as the numbers of lactobacillus, total aerobes, and total anerobes in the gastrointestinal tract compared with the other treatments, which meant that high levels of lipoic acid impaired intestinal morphology and disordered the balance of intestinal microbiology. Furthermore,the results showed that high levels of lipoic acid supplementation （ P 〈 0.05 ） elevated interferon- γ and interleukin-2, but dramatically （ P 〈 0.05 ） depressed interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 compared with the low levels of lipoic acid supplementation and the control group, which indicated that high levels of lipoic acid would induce bias of Th1/Th2 lymphocytes. Taken together, the results indicate that lipoic acid supplementation can＇ t improve growth performance and intestinal development of normal animals, especially,high levels （ ≥ 125 mg/kg BW） of lipoic acid supplementation restrained growth performance and intestinal development, in association with unbalance of certain cytokines.

关键词： cytokine levels growth performance,intestinal microbiology intestinal morphology lipoic acid

Recent advances and current status of heat treatment in fruit biocontrol system（host fruit-fungal pathogen-biocontrol agent）

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Recent advances and current status of heat treatment in frui...

Effect of drying methods and parameters on the antioxidant properties of tea(Camellia sinensis)leaves

中国植物病理学会第十二届青年学术研讨会

作者： Huizhen Chen Jia Liu School of Biotechnology and food Engineering Hefei University of Technology

Eco-friendly approach like heat treatment and biological control utilizing antagonistic yeasts to manage postharvest diseases of fruits is a research topic that has been drawing considerable *** current review focuses on the effects of heat treatment on not only fruit commodities,but also fungal pathogen and biocontrol yeasts at molecular and physiological *** effects of postharvest heat treatment on aspects of defense response in fruit,by biochemical,transcriptional,proteomics and metabolic analysis,are ***-related proteins,antioxidant enzymes,heat shock proteins,novel genes and antifungal compounds involved in the metabolism in response to heat are dealt *** the other hand,heat treatment exhibits the direct inhibitory effect on fungal pathogens,and the modes of action like transcriptional regulation,oxidative injury and ATP consumption on pathogens have been *** recently,mild heat stress adaptation in antagonistic yeasts to induce cross-protection against various stresses and enhance their biocontrol efficacy,are *** integrated management will more likely provide a viable alternative to synergetic fungicides for postharvest diseases,compared to a single *** a heat treatment of fruit hosts with biocontrol yeasts has shown enhanced control efficacy against postharvest diseases in various *** review provides an overview of recent advances of heat treatment in postharvest system（host fruit-fungal pathogen-biocontrol agent）,with specific emphasis on each *** systematically contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the action mode of heat treatment,which is beneficial for guidance of further application.

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食物生产加工与营养(英文) 2020年第1期2卷 72-82页

作者： A.S.Roslan A.Ismail Y.Ando A.Azlan Department of nutrition and Dietetics Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 SerdangSelangorMalaysia Department of Biological Functions Engineering Graduate School of Life Science and Systems EngineeringKyushu Institute of Technology2-4 HibikinoWakamatsu-kuKitakyushuFukuoka 808-0196Japan

Background:Conventional drying using heated air oven is commonly used as a method for preserving the product but often affects the nutritional value,taste,and ***,the heat from the drying method can oxidize and destroy heat-sensitive *** steam(SHS)drying uses superheated steam instead of hot air or combustion gases in a direct dryer and was reported better at preserving the nutritional values of food ***:To evaluate the effect of SHS drying on antioxidant properties of tea *** study also compared SHS drying with conventional and freeze-drying ***:Tea leaves dried using freeze drying retained the highest level of antioxidant properties compared to other drying *** leaves dried using SHS exhibited significantly higher radical scavenging activity,ORAC and FRAP values compared to oven drying *** different drying temperatures(150℃and 175℃),oven dried leaves showed significantly higher(pfood-related fields should be conducted to support its usefulness.

关键词： Camellia sinensis Superheated steam drying Antioxidant capacity Drying method

Purification and Characterization of an Alkaline Protease from Micrococcus *** from the South China Sea

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中国海洋大学学报：英文版 2017年第2期16卷 319-325页

作者： HOU Enling XIA Tao ZHANG Zhaohui MAO Xiangzhao College of food Science and Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003P.R.China

Protease is wildly used in various fields,such as food,medicine,washing,leather,cosmetics and other industrial *** this study,an alkaline protease secreted by Micrococcus NH54PC02 isolated from the South China Sea was purified and *** growth curve and enzyme activity curve indicated that the cell reached a maximum concentration at the 30 th hour and the enzyme activity reached the maximum value at the 36 th *** protease was purified with 3 steps involving ammonium sulfate precipitation,ion-exchange chromatography and hydrophobic chromatography with 8.22-fold increase in specific activity and 23.68% increase in the *** molecular mass of the protease was estimated to be 25 k Da by SDS-PAGE *** optimum temperature and p H for the protease activity were 50℃ and pH 10.0,*** protease showed a strong stability in a wide range of pH values ranging from 6.0–11.0,and maintained 90% enzyme activity in strong alkaline environment with p H *** trials indicated that the protease might be serine *** it also possessed the characteristic of metalloprotease as it could be strongly inhibited by EDTA and strongly stimulated by Mn^(2+).Evaluation of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time-of-flight MS(MALDI-TOF-TOF/MS) showed that the protease might belong to the peptidase S8 family.

关键词： purification characterization protease Micrococcus sp. the South China Sea

Removal of hexavalent chromium in aquatic solutions by pomelo peel

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Water Science and Engineering 2020年第1期13卷 65-73页

作者： Qiong Wang Cong Zhou Yin-jie Kuang Zhao-hui Jiang Min Yang Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Waste Resources College of Urban and Environmental SciencesHunan University of TechnologyZhuzhou 412007China Hunan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Key Technique of Non-metallic Packaging Waste Resources Utilization Hunan University of TechnologyZhuzhou 421007China People's Government of Luohong Town Longhui CountyShaoyang 422211China School of Chemistry and food Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114China

This study investigated the removal of hexavalent chromium(Cr(VI)) in aqueous solutions using pomelo peel(PP) and FeCl3-modified pomelo peel(FPP) as novel biomass *** adsorption experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of pH,time,temperature,initial concentration,and adsorbent dose on Cr(VI) removal by PP and *** results show that the maximum adsorption capacity of Cr(VI)was 21.55 mg/g for FPP and 0.57 mg/g for PP at a pH of 2.0 and a temperature of 40℃.The surface shape,microstructure,and chemical composition of FPP were analyzed with scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS),and compared with those of *** results show that the adsorption performance of FPP was much better than that of PP,indicating that FPP can be an alternative high-efficiency adsorbent for Cr(VI) removal.

关键词： Adsorption Hexavalent chromium removal Biomass adsorbent Pomelo peel FeCl3-modified pomelo peel Aquatic solution

The zinc transporter Catsup regulates tyrosine hydroxylase activity by interfering with its iron incorporation

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The zinc transporter Catsup regulates tyrosine hydroxylase a...

Bioactive and nutritional characterization of modeled and optimized consumer-ready flakes from pseudocereal(Amaranthus viridis), high-protein soymeal and modified corn starch

2016中国毒理学会神经毒理专业委员会学术年会

作者： Guiran Xiao College of food Science and Engineering Hefei University of Technology

More and more evidence said that metal ions play important role in numerous neurodegenerative ***,understanding the roles of metal ions in brain functions is important for us to understand the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disease and find new treatment *** catecholamine up protein（Catsup） belongs to the zinc transporter Zip（Slc39a） *** mutants are associated with dramatically increased catecholamine *** we show that Catsup is a Golgi-resident zinc *** mutation causes decreased intracellular zinc level,which can be remedied or aggravated by other zinc ***,tyrosine hydroxylase（TH）activity is affected by a balance of zinc and iron levels,which can be tilted by the expression of an array of genes involved in zinc or iron *** essence,zinc competes with iron in regulating TH *** stimulates while zinc inhibits TH *** connection between zinc and iron metabolism is not well *** results thus demonstrate a close functional connection between zinc metabolism and iron usage in *** principle of TH activity regulation can be utilized in Parkinson treatments,as evidenced by that rotenone-treated fly can be significantly rescued with the mentioned zinc and iron *** results indicate that zinc contributes significantly to the production of dopamine in vivo and suggest that altering the zinc level in PD brains may provide a novel therapeutic strategy.

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food Production, Processing and nutrition 2021年第1期3卷 136-148页

作者： Temitope Omolayo Fasuan Kenneth Chigozie Asadu Cynthia Chioma Anyiam Linda Obianuju Ojokoh Titilope Modupe Olagunju Judith Uchenna Chima Kingsley Osita Okpara Department of food technology Akanu Ibiam Federal PolytechnicUnwanaEbonyiStateNigeria Department of Science Laboratory Science Akanu Ibiam Federal PolytechnicUnwanaEbonyiStateNigeria Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-IfeNigeria

Flake is consumed in many parts of the *** are majorly prepared from ***,most flakes are deficient in protein and some other healthful ***-protein soymeal is rich in protein,mineral,amino acids,antioxidants,and other healthful *** flakes with high-protein soymeal would improve the health status of *** work investigated consumer-ready flake from amaranth,high-protein soymeal,and modified corn starch produced under the optimized condition and characterized with the aim to develop models that would give a healthful consumer-ready *** viridis,corn,and soybean grains were sorted,wet-cleaned,and *** grains were processed into high-protein soymeal,starch was extracted from corn grains while *** grains were processed into *** flour mixtures were developed into flakes using three-level factorial categoric factor design of response surface *** flakes were analyzed using standard *** flour mixtures of high-protein soymeal(34.78 g/100 g),amaranth(56.52 g/100 g),and modified corn starch(8.70 g/100 g)were *** showed the optimized flakes contained per 100 g:29.05 g protein,6.00 g fat,4.10 g fibre,3.84 g ash,8.96 g moisture,249.74 mg calcium,272.35 mg magnesium,12.08 mg iron,618.42 mg phosphorus,6.41 mg niacin,4.85 mg pyridoxine,0.21 g tannin,1.85 mg phytate,2.96 mg alkaloids,908.24GAE total phenolics and 12.75mgRE flavonoids with good quality characteristics in amino *** study illustrated the feasibility of formulating quality consumer-ready flakes from amaranth,high-protein soymeal,and modified corn *** production process is scalable and could be employed for both domestic and industrial purposes.

关键词： High-protein soymeal Modified corn starch Amaranth Optimized consumer-ready flakes Modeling Characterization