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The panopticon prison as a “social condenser”:The study of the project for de Koepel prison by Rem Koolhaas/OMA (1979e1988)

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2022年第1期11卷 31-52页

作者： Elena Martinez-Millana Andrés Cánovas Alcaraz departamento de proyectos Arquitectónicos Escuela Técnica Superior de ArquitecturaUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid28040MadridSpain department of Architecture Faculty of Architecture and the Built EnvironmentDelft University of Technology2628 BLDelftthe Netherlands

Rem Koolhaas/OMA carried out the study for de Koepel prison throughout a decade(1979-1988).However,only its initial stages(1979-1980)were disclosed and have been investigated.The hypothesis presented in this article suggests that Koolhaas implemented his dthend recent thesis present in delirious New York(1978)on“life in the metropolis”and the“Culture of Congestion”in the conception and design of this project.Thus,this article has the aim of examining dby means of the documents compelling the entire period of the studyd how the project suggested transforming the domesticity of de Koepel prison into a“social condenser”of the contemporary metropolis.By doing so,it makes it possible to consider the role of this project within the first decade of Koolhaas’career as an architect(1978-1989),and to establish that delirious New York is,in fact,the theory on which it was based on when first conceived.This project anticipated the strategy and the methodology he implemented,at a later time,in other projects,offering a different perspective.On this occasion,this diagrammatic investigation took place in Bentham’s Panopticon;reason why,he was then able to develop the reflections on heterotopias and prisons carried out by Foucault.

关键词： Domesticity Collective housing Panopticon prison Social condenser

Effects of fire history on animal communities:a systematic review

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 248-258页

作者： Tania Marisol González Juan David González‑Trujillo Alberto Muñoz Dolors Armenteras Laboratorio de Ecología del Paisaje y Modelación de Ecosistemas ECOL‑MOD Departamento de BiologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaEdificio 421111321 BogotáColombia departamento de Biología Facultad de CienciasUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaEdificio 421111321 BogotáColombia departamento de Didáctica de Ciencias Experimentales Sociales y MatemáticasFacultad de EducaciónUniversidad Complutense de Madrid28040 MadridSpain CREAF 08193 Cerdanyola del VallèsCataloniaSpain

Fire is a natural agent with a paramount role in ecosystem functioning and biodiversity maintenance.Still,it can also act as a negative force against many ecosystems.despite some knowledge of the interactions of fire and vegetation,there is no clear understanding of how different components of fire regimes(i.e.,severity,history,or frequency)influence known patterns of animal communities.Therefore,we performed a systematic review on the global responses of arthropods,birds,mammals,reptiles,and amphibians to different fire regimes.Specifically,we focused on assessing how fire severity,history,and frequency modulate the effect of fire on the richness and abundance of faunal communities.We conducted a systematic review of 566 papers retrieved from the Scopus database.We also scrutinized all the documents included in the meta‑analysis of Pastro et al.(Pastro et al.Glob Ecol Biogeogr 23:1146–1156,2014).Our selection criteria excluded studies without data on species richness or abundance.We also excluded studies without adequate controls and those without information about the fire regime of the study zone.After careful examination,we used data from 162 studies to perform a quantitative meta‑analysis.From the 162 studies meeting our selection criteria,nearly 60%of the studies are from North America,25%from Australia,11%from Europe,and 4%from the tropics.According to the ecological role of fire,90%of the studies were carried out in fire‑dependent ecosystems(i.e.,conifer forests,natural savannas,pastures).Finally,40%of the studies analyzed birds,22%mammals,and 20%arthropods.The meta‑analysis of the available evidence indicates that fire history is an important modulator of animal richness and abundance.Whether negative or positive,animal responses depended on the time since the last fire event.Considering that short‑term studies may not capture such a long‑term effect on fauna,this translates to more challenges at implementing fire management strategies.Whether or not we can anticipate the impact of the fire will then dep

关键词： Amphibians Arthropods Birds Fire regime components Mammals Reptiles

Host-parasite interactions in perpetual darkness:Macroparasite diversity in the cavefish Astyanax mexicanus

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Zoological Research 2023年第4期44卷 782-792页

作者： Ana Santacruz David Hernández-Mena Ramses Miranda-Gamboa Gerardo Pérez-Ponce de León Claudia Patricia Ornelas-García departamento de Zoología Instituto de BiologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMéxico City CP 04510México departamento de Sistemas y Procesos Naturales Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad MéridaUcúYucatán CP 97357México Instituto de Energías Renovables Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoTemixcoMorelos CP 62580México Colección Nacional de Peces Departamento de ZoologíaInstituto de BiologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMéxico City CP 04510México Stowers Institute for Medical Research Kansas CityMO 64110USA

Astyanax mexicanus has repeatedly colonized cave environments,displaying evolutionary parallelisms in many troglobitic traits.despite being a model system for the study of adaptation to life in perpetual darkness,the parasites that infect cavefish are practically unknown.In this study,we investigated the macroparasite communities in 18 cavefish populations from independent lineages and compared them with the parasite diversity found in their sister surface fish populations,with the aim of better understanding the role that parasites play in the colonization of new environments.Within the cavefish populations,we identified 13 parasite taxa,including a subset of 10 of the 27 parasite taxa known for the surface populations.Parasites infecting the cavefish belong to five taxonomic groups,including trematodes,monogeneans,nematodes,copepods,and acari.Monogeneans are the most dominant group,found in 14 caves.The macroparasites include species with direct life cycles and trophic transmission,including invasive species.Surprisingly,paired comparisons indicate higher parasite richness in the cavefish than in the surface fish.Spatial variation in parasite composition across the caves suggests historical and geographical contingencies in the host-parasite colonization process and potential evolution of local adaptations.This base-line data on parasite diversity in cavefish populations of A.mexicanus provides a foundation to explore the role of divergent parasite infections under contrasting ecological pressures(cave vs.surface environments)in the evolution of cave adaptive traits.

关键词： Adaptation Metazoan parasites Niche change Parasite assemblage Prevalence

激光冲击工艺对6061-T6铝合金侵蚀性能的影响（英文）

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2016年第6期26卷 1522-1530页

作者： J.IBARRA E.RODRíGUEZ O.JIMéNEZ G.GóMEZ-ROSAS M.FLORES J.VERDUZCO J.CHáVEZ Universidad de Guadalajara Departamento de Ingeniería de Proyectos Universidad de Guadalajara Departamento de Física Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías

采用激光冲击工艺处理6061-T6铝合金,研究了二氧化硅砂对其侵蚀磨损性能的影响。其中冲击角为15°、30°、60°、90°,粒子速率为37和58 m/s,采用两种激光进行辐照。采用3D轮廓测量法表征了侵蚀形貌,并采用SEM研究其侵蚀机理。结果表明... 详细信息

采用激光冲击工艺处理6061-T6铝合金,研究了二氧化硅砂对其侵蚀磨损性能的影响。其中冲击角为15°、30°、60°、90°,粒子速率为37和58 m/s,采用两种激光进行辐照。采用3D轮廓测量法表征了侵蚀形貌,并采用SEM研究其侵蚀机理。结果表明,冲击角较小时,侵蚀磨损最大。侵蚀强度和侵蚀机理不受激光冲击工艺的影响,而与侵蚀的高应变速率有关。侵蚀图之间的差异是由于激光冲击工艺造成的表面粗糙度不同。最大质量损失和最大侵蚀深度分别出现在冲击角度为15°和30°时。最后,发现了明显的侵蚀机理的转移,从低角度的切割机制到90°时的凹坑形成。

关键词： 6061-T6铝合金侵蚀磨损激光冲击工艺

Use of By-Products from the Tequila Industry. Part 12: Composted Agave Bagasse for Growing Grape Tomatoes

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第9期13卷 1227-1232页

作者： Gilberto Íñiguez-Covarrubias Walter Ramírez-Meda José de Jesús Bernal-Casillas Gil Virgen-Calleros departamento de Madera Celulosa y Papel Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías Universidad de Guadalajara Guadalajara México departamento de Ingeniería de proyectos Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías Universidad de Guadalajara Guadalajara México departamento de Producción Agrícola Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias Universidad de Guadalajara Guadalajara México

Here, we evaluated the possibility of growing grape tomatoes on three different mixtures of composted agave bagasse substrate. Tomatoes were grown in 28-L pots for 106 days under a drip irrigation system with a hydroponic crop nutrient solution. The average production of grape tomatoes was 338.9, 358.9, and 325.7 g/pot/cut for each of the substrates studied, and no significant difference was observed between treatments (p > 0.5). The mean of numbers of grape tomatoes were 34.6, 38.8, and 34.2/pot/cut for each of the substrates studied, and no significant difference was observed between treatments (p > 0.5). The mean weight of individual grape tomatoes was about 10.4 g for all of the substrates tested. These results confirmed the notion that a composted agave bagasse substrate could replace an expensive imported substrate. The remaining challenge is to produce agave bagasse substrate commercially, because to date, agave bagasse substrates have only been produced on a pilot scale for testing. Therefore, it is necessary to implement a stabilized process for producing agave bagasse at a commercial level. This process must consider economic production costs and market value to ensure that the product is competitive with other substrates typically used in soilless crops.

关键词： Agave Bagasse Grape Tomatoes Tequila Industry

生物医用Ti6Al4V/xTiN复合材料的腐蚀与腐蚀磨损行为

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2022年第2期32卷 540-558页

作者： J.CHÁVEZ O.JIMÉNEZ D.BRAVO-BARCENAS L.OLMOS F.ALVARADO-HERNÁNdeZ M.A.GONZÁLEZ A.BEDOLLA-JACUINde M.FLORES departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica Eléctrica CUCEIUniversidad de GuadalajaraBlvd.Marcelino García Barragán#1421GuadalajaraC.P.44430México departamento de Ingeniería de proyectos CUCEIUniversidad de GuadalajaraJoséGuadalupe Zuno#48Los BelenesZapopanC.P.45150México departamento de Ingeniería de proyectos CUCEIUniversidad de Guadalajara-CONACyTBlvd.Marcelino García Barragán#1421GuadalajaraC.P.44430México Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra INICITUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de HidalgoAv.Francisco J.Mujica S/NCiudad UniversitariaMoreliaMichoacánC.P.58030México Unidad Académica de Ingeniería I Universidad Autónoma de ZacatecasAv.López Valverde 801ZacatecasZacatecasC.P.98060México Instituto de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas IIMMUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de HidalgoEdificio‘‘U-5’’Ciudad UniversitariaMoreliaMichoacánC.P.58030México

用固相烧结法制备Ti6Al4V/xTiN(x=0,5,10,15,体积分数,%)复合材料,研究材料的腐蚀与腐蚀磨损行为及其与显微组织和显微硬度的关系。采用37℃和模拟体液模拟人体环境。结果表明,当TiN含量为15%时,氮(N)固溶到钛(Ti)晶格中使α-Ti稳定化,... 详细信息

用固相烧结法制备Ti6Al4V/xTiN(x=0,5,10,15,体积分数,%)复合材料,研究材料的腐蚀与腐蚀磨损行为及其与显微组织和显微硬度的关系。采用37℃和模拟体液模拟人体环境。结果表明,当TiN含量为15%时,氮(N)固溶到钛(Ti)晶格中使α-Ti稳定化,该显微组织的改变使Ti64基体的硬化效应达到58%。随着TiN颗粒的加入,复合材料的腐蚀电位变得更高,而腐蚀电流密度受残余孔隙率的影响而增大,使材料的耐腐蚀性降低。然而,含15%TiN样品的钝化行为减弱。复合材料的非钝化行为导致其在腐蚀磨损测试过程中电位降低。此外,固溶强化使复合材料的磨损率降低88%。研究结果有利于理解材料的成分和烧结参数与提高腐蚀磨损性能之间的关系。

关键词： Ti64合金复合材料粉末冶金显微组织腐蚀腐蚀磨损

Implications of receptor for advanced glycation end products for progression from obesity to diabetes and from diabetes to cancer

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World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第7期14卷 977-994页

作者： Andrea Garza-Campos José Roberto Prieto-Correa José Alfredo Domínguez-Rosales Zamira Helena Hernández-Nazará Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias en Biología Molecular en Medicina Universidad de GuadalajaraGuadalajara 44340JaliscoMexico departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónico-DegenerativasUniversidad de GuadalajaraGuadalajara 44340JaliscoMexico

Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are chronic pathologies with a high incidence worldwide.They share some pathological mechanisms,including hyperinsulinemia,the production and release of hormones,and hyperglycemia.The above,over time,affects other systems of the human body by causing tissue hypoxia,low-grade inflammation,and oxidative stress,which lay the pathophysiological groundwork for cancer.The leading causes of death globally are T2DM and cancer.Other main alterations of this pathological triad include the accumulation of advanced glycation end products and the release of endogenous alarmins due to cell death(i.e.,damage-associated molecular patterns)such as the intracellular proteins high-mobility group box protein 1 and protein S100 that bind to the receptor for advanced glycation products(RAGE)-a multiligand receptor involved in inflammatory and metabolic and neoplastic processes.This review analyzes the latest advanced reports on the role of RAGE in the development of obesity,T2DM,and cancer,with an aim to understand the intracellular signaling mechanisms linked with cancer initiation.This review also explores inflammation,oxidative stress,hypoxia,cellular senescence,RAGE ligands,tumor microenvironment changes,and the“cancer hallmarks”of the leading tumors associated with T2DM.The assimilation of this information could aid in the development of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to lower the morbidity and mortality associated with these diseases.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes Cancer Obesity Advanced glycation end product receptor Receptor for advanced glycation end products Glycation end products,advanced

Evaluation of the potential of coastal cliffs as geosites for the promotion of geotourism

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Geography and Sustainability 2023年第4期4卷 356-371页

作者： Fernando Morante-Carballo María JoséDomínguez-Cuesta Nataly Paz-Salas Jenifer Malavé-Hernández Jairo Dueñas-Tovar Paúl Carrión-Mero Centro de Investigación y proyectos Aplicados a las Ciencias de la Tierra(CIPAT) ESPOL Polytechnic UniversityP.O.Box 09-01-5863GuayaquilEcuador Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas(FCNM) ESPOL Polytechnic UniversityP.O.Box 09-01-5863GuayaquilEcuador Geo-Recursos y Aplicaciones GIGA ESPOL Polytechnic UniversityP.O.Box 09-01-5863GuayaquilEcuador departamento de Geologí1 University of OviedoCalle Jesús Arias de Velascos/n33005 OviedoSpain Facultad de Ingeniería en Ciencias de la Tierra(FICT) ESPOL Polytechnic UniversityP.O.Box 09-01-5863GuayaquilEcuador

Coastal zones, with their significant geodiversity, are vital areas for geotourism. Effective management is crucial to harness the geological interest of these sites as geotourism resources while ensuring their conservation. ManabíProvince is one of the most representative regions along the Ecuadorian coast due to its beaches and coastal cliffs, offering a wealth of tourist attractions and cultural elements. This study aims to evaluate the geosite potential of six cliffs in ManabíProvince through quantitative and qualitative analyses to propose geotourism promotion strategies. The methodology involves (i) inventory and characterisation of the cliffs, (ii) assessment of the sites by the Spanish Inventory of Places of Geological Interest method (IELIG), and (iii) qualitative evaluation through focus group discussions and Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis. The results reveal that all six sites boast diverse geological assets, including geomorphological, stratigraphic, sedimentological, and tectonic elements. They are characterised by “high ”scientific, didactic, and tourist interest, while also being sus- ceptible to degradation due to natural and anthropic threats. The SWOT analysis demonstrates that the valuable geological and geomorphological heritage of potential geosites provides an opportunity to foster geotourism and boost the province’s economy, incorporating geoconservation and geoeducation strategies. This study proposes a georoute called “Ruta Acantilados del Sol ”, a 245 km journey encompassing all six sites, incorporating diverse tourist and cultural activities. Our research lays the foundation for fostering geotourism along the Manabícoast and strengthening the connection between nature, heritage, and the welfare of residents within a global resilience plan.

关键词： Georoute Geotourism Touristic cliffCoastal geosites Geoconservation Geoeducation

Mitochondrial phylogeography and molecular evolution of the rhodopsin visual pigment in troglobitic populations of Astyanax mexicanus(de Filippi,1853)

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Zoological Research 2023年第4期44卷 761-775页

作者： Marco A.A.Garduño-Sánchez Vladimir de Jesus-Bonilla Silvia Perea Ramses Miranda-Gamboa Andrea Herrera-García Mauricio de la Maza Benignos Claudia Patricia Ornelas-García Colección Nacional de Peces Departamento de ZoologíaInstituto de BiologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoC.P.04510México Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas Colección Nacional de PecesDepartamento de ZoologíaInstituto de BiologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoC.P.04510México Licenciatura en Ciencias Forenses Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad UniversitariaCoyoacánMéxico CityC.P.04510México Instituto de Energías Renovables Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoTemixcoMorelos C.P.62580Mexico Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónCiudad UniversitariaSan Nicolás de los GarzaNuevo LeónC.P.66450México

Cave-adapted animals provide a unique opportunity to study the evolutionary mechanisms underlying phenotypic,metabolic,behavioral,and genetic evolution in response to cave environments.The Mexican tetra(Astyanax mexicanus)is considered a unique model system as it shows both surface and cave-dwelling morphs.To date,at least 33 different cave populations have been identified,with phylogenetic studies suggesting an origin from at least two independent surface lineages,thereby providing a unique opportunity to study parallel evolution.In the present study,we carried out the most exhaustive phylogeographic study of A.mexicanus to date,including cave and surface localities,using two mitochondrial markers(cytochrome b(cyt b)and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI))and nuclear rhodopsin visual pigment(rho).Additionally,we inferred the molecular evolution of rho within the two contrasting environments(cave and surface)and across three geographic regions(Sierra de El Abra,Sierra de Guatemala,and Micos).In total,267 individuals were sequenced for the two mitochondrial fragments and 268 individuals were sequenced for the rho visual pigment from 22 cave and 46 surface populations.Phylogeographic results based on the mitochondrial data supported the two-lineage hypothesis,except for the Pachón and Chica caves,whose introgression has been largely documented.The Sierra de El Abra region depicted the largest genetic diversity,followed by the Sierra de Guatemala region.Regarding the phylogeographic patterns of rho,we recovered exclusive haplogroups for the Sierra de El Abra(Haplogroup I)and Sierra de Guatemala regions(Haplogroup IV).Moreover,a 544 bp deletion in the rho gene was observed in the Escondido cave population from Sierra de Guatemala,reducing the protein from seven to three intramembrane domains.This change may produce a loss-of-function(LOF)but requires further investigation.Regarding nonsynonymous(dN)and synonymous(dS)substitution rates(omega valuesω),our results revealed the prevailing influence of purifying selection

关键词： Visual pigments Selection Cavefish Vision loss Loss of function