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Open Journal of Ecology 2017年第7期7卷 460-494页

作者： Andréa Shirley Xavier da Silva Carlos Noriega Maria Luise Koening Manuel Flores Montes Moacyr Araujo departamento de oceanografia Universidade Federal de Pernambuco—UFPE Recife Brasil

Abiotic parameters and phytoplankton were collected during 2010 and 2011 with the purpose of describing the phytoplankton distribution and the environmental characteristics. The diatoms were the most representative group in terms of species richness;in terms of density, the Cyanobacteria were more representative. Diversity and equitability were generally low in the estuary due to the dominance of Microcystis aeruginosa, an opportunistic and potentially toxic species of Cyanobacteria. The estuarine region is strongly impacted by high pollutant loads, especially nitrogen and phosphate compounds. Historical series of Apparent Oxygen Utilization (AOU) showed negative trends associated with changes in the estuarine system. The main biological components changed through 1999-2011 period. The dominance of the species changed from the Bacillariophyta in previous studies to the Cyanobacteria in our study. The species Microcystis aeruginosa, through its high density, dominance and frequency of occurrence, was the key species in the area.

关键词： Coastal Environment Nutrients Biodiversity Phytoplankton Tropical Estuary

Evolution of sexual size dimorphism and its relationship with sex ratio in carabid beetles of Genus Ceroglossus Solier

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Current Zoology 2013年第6期59卷 769-777页

作者： Hugo A. BENITEZ Jorge AVARIA-LLAUTUREO Cristian B.CANALES-AGUIRRE Viviane JEREZ Luis E. PARRA Cristifin E.HERNANdeZ Faculty of Life Sciences University of Manchester Michael Smith Building Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PT UK Instituto de Alta Investigaci6n Universidad de Tarapaca Casilla 7-D Arica Chile departamento de Zoologia Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanograficas Universidad de Concepcion Casilla 160-C Concepcion Chile departamento de oceanografia Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanograficas Universidad de Concepci6n Casilla 160-C Concepcion Chile

Although the degree of mate competition, given extreme differences in sex ratio, explains much of the pattern of male-biased size dimorphism among diverse taxa, it fails for some species which have potential for intense male competition for mates and yet exhibit little or no sexual size dimorphism （SSD）. This fact suggest that species with low SSD should be express the effect of evolutionary pressure in non-obvious geometrical shape promoted by sex ratio in an evolutionary time scale. To evaluate this hypothesis we used phylogenetic comparative method in a Bayesian framework to investigate the evolution of SSD and the role of sex ratio at inter-specific level in the species of Ceroglossus （Coleoptera： Carabidae）. In our results the proportion farthest from 1：1 is associated with more disparate body shape, even though the entire group has minimum variation in sex ratio, which is an intrinsic life history character of this group considering its phylogenetic conservatism or phylogenetic signal. We suggest that the sex ratio has determined the dimorphism degree during evolution of this group, since both traits have increased or decreased together during the species divergence （i.e. positive phylogenetic correlation： r2=0.85）. We suggest that morphological studies of SSD will benefit from using comparative method with Bayesian approaches to assess the effect of phylogenetic history and its uncertainty. Finally, this will be allow to researchers to quantify the uncertainty of specific evolutionary hypotheses accounting for observed sexual dimorphism patterns.

关键词： Macroevolution Geometric Morphometrics Bayesian approach Sexual Dimorphism Sex Ratio Ceroglossus

Effect of Element Distortion on the Numerical Dispersion of Spectral Element Methods

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Communications in Computational Physics 2011年第4期9卷 937-958页

作者： S.P.Oliveira G.Seriani departamento de Matematica Universidade Federal do ParanaCuritiba-PR81531-980Brazil Istituto Nazionale di oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale Borgo Grotta Gigante42/cSgonico(TS)34010Italy

Spectral element methods are well established in the field of wave propagation,in particular because they inherit the flexibility of finite element methods and have low numerical dispersion *** latter is experimentally acknowledged,but has been theoretically shown only in limited cases,such as Cartesian *** is well known that a finite element mesh can contain distorted elements that generate numerical errors for very large *** the present work,we study the effect of element distortion on the numerical dispersion error and determine the distortion range in which an accurate solution is obtained for a given error *** also discuss a double-grid calculation of the spectral element matrices that preserves accuracy in deformed geometries.

关键词： Spectral element method dispersion analysis slivering

Small river basin and estuarine sediment fluxes:The magnitude necessary for coastal dispersion and siltation effects on a coral reef

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2019年第6期34卷 591-599页

作者： Paula Sagili?o Isacksson Eduardo Guilherme Gentil de Farias Francisco José Dias Roberto Nascimento de Farias Anandra Machado Francisco de Assis Esteves Mauricio Mussi Molisani Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade (NUPEM/UFRJ) Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Grupo de Gestao Ecologia e Tecnologia Marinha (GTMar)Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca a Ciencias Biologicas (DEPB)Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UESC) Laboratorio de Hidrodinamica Costeira Estuarina e de Aguas Interiores (LHiCEAI)Departamento de Oceanografia e Limnologia (DEOLI)Universidade Federal do Maranhao (UFMA) Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias Ambientais e Conservacao-PPGCIAC Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade (NUPEM/UFRJ)

Increasing continental suspended sediment influx to coral reefs is an example of land-sea coupling that requires the identification of sources,magnitude of transport,and controlling *** Brazil,a small coastal basin(Macae River) was identified as a source of suspended sediment to a coral reef on the coast of Cape Armacao dos *** suspended sediment loads were measured at the basin as were fluxes within the estuary and towards the coast during eight tidal *** load and yield from this basin were typical of small coastal basins,showing high to moderate slopes and transitional land ***,the magnitude of the river loads was lower than the sediment transport within the estuary,indicating that the estuary amplifies river fluxes and sustains the transference of suspended sediment alongshore to the coral ***,the estuary displays both suspended particle retention and export capacity and,therefore,fluxes to the coast and the coral reef occur as episodic events.

关键词： Suspended matter Watershed Mass-balance budget Campos Basin

Role of Transparent Exopolymer Particles on Phytoplankton Dynamics in a Subtropical Estuary,Cananeia-Iguape(Sp,Brazil)

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2012年第1期2卷 25-32页

作者： Jose Juan Barrera-Alba Gleyci Aparecida Oliveira Moser Sonia Maria Flores Gianesella Flávia Marisa Prado Saldanha-Correa departamento de Biologia Marinha Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Faculdade de oceanografia Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Instituto Oceanográfico Universidade de Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil

Transparent Exopolymer Particles (TEP) has a known crucial role in vertical fluxes of carbon in the ocean and has been intensively studied in the last decade. Nevertheless, few studies have considered horizontal fluxes of TEP. These fluxes arise prominently between estuaries and the coast, where its importance is associated to the predominant horizontal transport. This is due both to the low density of the TEP agglomerate generated in low density waters of continental origin, and to the fact that the main component of the advective transport at estuarine regions is the horizontal one. In this study, the significance of TEP in the particulate matter exchange between estuary and coast was analyzed in the estuarine lagoon system of Cananéia-Iguape (southeast coast of Brazil). TEP, total seston (TS), organic seston (OS) and chlorophyll a (Chl.a) were analyzed over complete tidal cycles, during the dry and rainy seasons both at spring and neap tides. Horizontal fluxes and net transport rates of these variables were also calculated. TEP concentrations (max. 4991 μg Xeq/L) were almost one order of magnitude higher during the rainy season. TEP horizontal transport rates as high as 1.8 g Xeq. m/s were observed at the northern inlet of the system. In terms of particulate carbon, it represents 32.7 g TEP-C m/s or 4% of the OS transport rates. Our study quantifies the advective transport of TEP and their importance in particulate matter exchange between a subtropical estuarine system and the adjacent coastal region. Our results contribute to the knowledge of exopolimer particles dynamics in subtropical estuarine systems, and their relationship to phyto-plankton biomass and particulate matter.

关键词： Cananéia-Iguape Estuarine Lagoon System Phytoplankton Biomass Carbon Flux

Oceanic Indices for Forecasting Seasonal Rainfall over the Northern Part of Brazilian Northeast

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American Journal of Climate Change 2016年第2期5卷 261-274页

作者： Gbèkpo Aubains Hounsou-Gbo Jacques Servain Moacyr Araujo Eduardo Sávio Martins Bernard Bourlès Guy Caniaux Laboratório de oceanografia Física Estuarina e Costeira (LOFEC) Departamento de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (DOCEAN-UFPE) Recife Brazil Rede Brasileira de Pesquisas sobre Mudancas Climáticas Globais (Rede Clima) Sao José dos Campos Brazil International Chair in Mathematical Physics and Applications (ICMPA) UNESCO Chair Cotonou Benin Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) LOCEAN Paris France departamento de oceanografia UFPE Recife Brazil Fundacao Cearense de Meteorologia e Recursos Hidricos (FUNCEME) Fortaleza Brazil Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) LEGOS Brest France CNRM UMR 3589 Météo-France/CNRS Toulouse France

A relationship between oceanic conditions in the northwestern equatorial Atlantic (NWEA) and the seasonal rainfall over the northern part of Brazilian Northeast (NNEB) allows large climate events to be forecasted with a delay of a few months. Observed sea surface variables (sea surface temperature, wind stress and latent heat flux) and reanalyzed temperature and salinity profiles at depths of 0 - 150 m are used during 1974-2008. Perturbations in the Wind-Evaporation-SST mechanism over the NWEA during the last months of the year and the first months of the following year are of primary importance in evaluating the risk that strong climate events will affect the subsequent seasonal rainfall (in March-April) over the NNEB. Especially interesting are the Barrier Layer Thickness (BLT) and Ocean Heat Content (OHC) in the NWEA region from August-September through the subsequent months, during which a slow and steady evolution is apparent, with the highest signal occurring in October-November. Through their relationship with the local surface dynamic conditions, such BLT and OHC perturbations during the last months of the year can be used as a valuable indicator for forecasting wet or dry events over the NNEB during the subsequent rainfall season. A proposal is discussed to deploy additional temperature/conductivity sensors down to a depth of 140 m at three PIRATA moorings located in the NWEA region. That will be necessary if the BLT and other parameters of energy exchange between the ocean and atmosphere are to be estimated in real time and with a sufficiently high vertical resolution.

关键词： Brazilian Northeast Seasonal Rainfall Barrier Layer Thickness Oceanic Heat Content

Nutrient Input and CO<sub>2</sub>Flux of a Tropical Coastal Fluvial System with High Population density in the Northeast Region of Brazil

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2013年第3期5卷 362-375页

作者： Moacyr Araujo Carlos Noriega Dóris Veleda Nathalie Lefèvre departamento de oceanografia Centro de Estudos e Ensaios em Riscos e Modelagem Ambiental Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife Brazil Laboratoire d’Océanographie et du Climat: Expérimentation et Approches Numériques Université Pierre et Marie Curie. 4 Paris France

The carbon dioxide flux through the air-water interface of coastal freshwater ecosystems must be quantified to understand the regional balances of carbon and its transport through coastal and estuarine regions. The variations in air-sea CO2 fluxes in nearshore ecosystems can be caused by the variable influence of rivers. In the present study, the amount of carbon emitted from a tropical coastal river was estimated using climatological and biogeochemical measurements (2002-2010) obtained from the basin of the Capibaribe River, which is located in the most populous and industrialized area of the northeast region of Brazil. The results showed a mean CO2 flux of +225 mmol·m-2·d-1, mainly from organic material from the untreated domestic and industrial wastewaters that are released into the river. This organic material increased the dissolved CO2 concentration in the river waters, leading to a partial pressure of CO2 inthe aquatic environment that reached 31,000 μatm. The months of April, February and december (the dry period) showed the largest monthly means for the variables associated with the carbonate system (, DIC, CO2(aq), CO32-, TA, temperature and pH). This status reflects the state of permanent pollution in the basin of the Capibaribe River, due, in particular, to the discharge of untreated domestic wastewater, which results in the continuous mineralization of organic material. This mineralization significantly increases the dissolved CO2 content in the estuarine and coastal waters, which is later released to the atmosphere.

关键词： Tropical River Nutrient Load CO2 Flux Anthropogenic Pollution Freshwater Ecosystem Impact

Additional Records of the American Elephantfish <i>Callorhinchus callorynchus</i>(Chondrichthyes, Holocephali, Chimaeriformes) in Southeastern Brazil

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Natural Resources 2020年第10期11卷 439-445页

作者： Salvatore Siciliano Ana Rita O. Palmeira-Nunes Getulio Rincon Jorge Luiz Silva Nunes Sérgio C. Moreira Márcio L. V. Barbosa-Filho Laboratório de Biodiversidade Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fiocruz Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil Grupo de Estudos de Mamíferos Marinhos da Regiã o dos Lagos (GEMM-Lagos) Araruama RJ Brazil Universidade Federal do Maranhã o (UFMA) Laboratório de Organismos Aquáticos Departamento de Oceanografia e Limnologia S&#227 o Luís MA Brazil Universidade Federal do Maranhã o (UFMA) Curso de Engenharia de Pesca Pinheiro MA Brazil Setor de Mamíferos Departamento de Vertebrados Museu Nacional/UFRJ Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil departamento de Ciências Biológicas Programa de Pós-gradua&#231 o em Etnobiologia e Conservaç o da Natureza Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRuPE) Campus Dois Irm&#227 os Recife PE Brazil

Chimaeras, fish in the order Chimaeriformes, are among the rarest and least studied fish in the class Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish). Previous records have indicated that a species of chimaera known as the elephantfish, or cockfish, Callorhinchus callorynchus, may be found in marine waters off southeastern Brazil, as far north as the state of São Paulo. Here we report that C. callorynchus, caught with bottom gillnet, was found in an urban fish market in the city of Rio de Janeiro (~23˚S). This and other records from a variety of places call into question the distribution limits of the American elephantfish in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean and whether, at least seasonally, this species may often be found as far north as the state of Rio de Janeiro. Because of scientific and conservation interests in the poorly known Chimaeriformes, we recommend long-term monitoring of the fish catch in ports along the southern Brazilian coast, to better understand the natural history of the intriguing chimeras.

关键词： Callorhinchus Callorynchus American Elephantfish Holocephali Chimaera Bycatch Southwest Atlantic Ocean