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Comparative transcriptomics reveals hidden issues in the plant response to arthropod herbivores

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2021年第2期63卷 312-326页

作者： M.Estrella Santamaria Alejandro Garcia Ana Amaiz Irene Rosa-Diaz Gara Romero-Hernandez Isabel Diaz Manuel Martinez Centro de Biotecnologia y Genomica de Plantas Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y AlimentariaUniversidad Politecnica de MadridMadridSpain departamento de Biotecnologia-Biologia Vegetal Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenierfa AgronomicaAlimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politecnica de MadridMadridSpain

Plants experience different abiotic/biotic stresses,which trigger their molecular machinery to cope with them. Besides general mechanisms prompted by many stresses, specific mechanisms have been introduced to optimize the response to individual threats. However, these key mechanisms are difficult to identify. Here, we introduce an in-depth species-specific transcriptomic analysis and conduct an extensive meta-analysis of the responses to related species to gain more knowledge about plant responses. The spider mite Tetranychus urticae was used as the individual species, several arthropod herbivores as the related species for meta-analysis, and Arabidopsis thaliana plants as the common host. The analysis of the transcriptomic data showed typical common responses to herbivory, such as jasmonate signaling or glucosinolate biosynthesis. Also, a specific set of genes likely involved in the particularities of the Arabidopsis-spider mite interaction was discovered. The new findings have determined a prominent role in this interaction of the jasmonateinduced pathways leading to the biosynthesis of anthocyanins and tocopherols. Therefore, tandem individual/general transcriptomic profiling has been revealed as an effective method to identify novel relevant processes and specificities in the plant response to environmental stresses.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana arthropod herbivore comparative transcriptomics plant defense Tetranychus urticae

Symmetry in optics and photonics:a group theory approach

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Science Bulletin 2018年第4期63卷 244-251页

作者： B.M.Rodriguez-Lara Ramy EI-Ganainy Julio Guerrero Tecnologico de Monterrey.Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias Monterrey 64849Mexico Instituto Nacional de Astrofisica Optica y Electr6nicaPueblaCP 72840Mexico department of Physics and Hexes Center for Quantum Phenomena Michigan Technological UniversityHoughton.MI 49931USA departamento de Matematicas Facultad de Ciendas Experimentales y de la SaludCampus Las LagunillasUniversidad de Jaen23071JaenSpain departamento de ingenierfa y Tecnologia de Computadores Facultad de lnformdticaCampus EspinardoUnivesidad de Murcia30100 MurciaSpain

Group theory(GT) provides a rigorous framework for studying symmetries in various disciplines in physics ranging from quantum field theories and the standard model to fluid mechanics and chaos theory. To date, the application of such a powerful tool in optical physics remains limited. Over the past few years however, several quantum-inspired symmetry principles(such as parity-time invariance and supersymmetry) have been introduced in optics and photonics for the first time. despite the intense activities in these new research directions, only few works utilized the power of group theory. Motivated by this status quo, here we present a brief overview of the application of GT in optics, deliberately choosing examples that illustrate the power of this tool in both continuous and discrete setups. We hope that this review will stimulate further research that exploits the full potential of GT for investigating various symmetry paradigms in optics, eventually leading to new photonic devices.

关键词：对称原则光学调查混乱理论液体力学标准模型光物理工具时间

Polycaprolactone-carboxymethyl cellulose composites for manufacturing porous scaffolds by material extrusion

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Bio-design and Manufacturing 2018年第4期1卷 245-253页

作者： M.E.Aleman-Domfnguez Z.Ortega A.N.Benitez Mario Monzon L.V.Garzon Sara Ajami Chaozong Liu departamento de Ingenier/a de Procesos Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran CanadaEdificio de Fabricacion integrada Parque Cientifico-Tecnologico de la ULPGC35017Las PalmasSpain departamento de ingenierfa Mecainica Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran CanadaEdificio de Fabricacion integrada Parque Cientifico-Tecnologico de la ULPGC35017 Las PalmasSpain Institute of Orthopaedic and Musculoskeletal Science Royal National Orthopaedic HospitalUniversity College London StanmoreLondon HA74LPUK

Polycaprolactone-carboxymethyl cellulose composites have been obtained and used to print porous structures by material extrusion.The materials used contained 0,2 and 5% w/w of the carboxymethyl cellulose additive.These structures have been analyzed in terms of their morphology (including the evaluation of their porosity),mechanical properties under compression load and cell affinity.Cell affinity has been evaluated by culturing sheep mesenchymal stem cells and analyzing their viability by the Alamar Blue(R)assay at days 1,3,6 and 8.The results show that composites samples have similar values of porosity and apparent density than pure polycaprolactone ones.However,samples containing 5%w/w of carboxymethyl cellulose have micropores on the filaments due to a hindered deposition process.This characteristic affects the mechanical properties of the structures,so these ones have a mean compression modulus significantly lower than pure polycaprolactone scaffolds.However, the samples containing 2%w/w of carboxymethyl cellulose show no significant difference with the pure polycaprolactone ones in terms of their mechanical properties.Moreover,the presence of 2%w/w of additive improves cell proliferation on the surface of the porous structures.As complementary information,the flow properties of the composite materials were studied and the power law equations at 210℃ obtained,as this temperature was the 3D printing temperature.These equations can be useful for simulation and designing purposes of other manufacturing processes.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Tissue engineering Viscosity model Biomaterials 3D printing Bone regeneration

GIS-based study of the evolution of the IGN's strong motion network of mainland Spain and the balearics

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2021年第4期12卷 279-287页

作者： Jose-Lazaro Amaro-Mellado Daniel Anton Juan-Manuel Alcalde Instituto Geografico Nacional Servicio Regional en AndaluciaSeville 41013Spain departamento de ingenierfa grafica Universidad de SevillaSeville 41092Spain Research Group TEP970:Innovacion Tecnoldgica Sistemas de Modelado 3D y Diagnosis Energetica en Patrimonio y Edificacidn'Departamento de Expresion Grafica e Ingenieria en la EdificacionEscuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieria de EdificacionUniversidad de Sevilla4A Reina Mercedes AvenueSeville 41012Spain The Creative and Virtual Technologies Research Laboratory School of ArchitectureDesign and the Built EnvironmentNottingham Trent University50 Shakespeare StreetNottingham NG14FQUK Escuela Superior de Ingenieria y Tecnologia Universidad Intemacional de La Rioja737 La Paz AvenueLogrono 26006Spain Instituto Geografico Nacional Red Sismica NacionalMadrid 28003Spain

In some countries with seismicity,an adequate detection network is essential to assess seismic hazards.The Instituto Geografico Nacional(National Geographic Institute/IGN)of Spain manages a strong motion network distributed throughout the whole country and an earthquake detection network composed of velocity stations.This paper aims at studying the development of the strong motion network of the Spanish National Seismic Network(focusing on mainland Spain and the Balearics)in the last three decades.A Geographic Information System(GIS)has been implemented to integrate the attributes from the IGN’s database concerning the earthquake catalogue,seismograph and accelerometer networks,which enabled to analyse the data and map the distribution of detection equipments in the region.The irregularly distributed Spanish strong motion network was greatly expanded from 1990 to 2010.In the past decade,it developed at a slower rate,but more modern technology was implemented.

关键词： Strong motion Accelerometer network Spanish national seismic network Earthquake catalogue GIS

Frequency-amplitude behavior in the incipient movement of grains under vibration

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Particuology 2018年第5期16卷 1-9页

作者： Karina A.Valenzuela Aracena Jesica G.Benito Luc Oger Irene Ippolito Rodolfo O.Ufiac Ana M.Vidales INFAP.CONICET Departamento de FfsieaFacultad de Ciencias Fisico Matemdticas y NaturalesUniversidad Nacional de San LuisEjerdto de los Andes 950D5700HHWSan LuisArgentina Institut de Physique de Rennes UMR UR1-CNRS 6251Universite de Rennes 1263Avenue du General LeclercCampus de BeaulieuCS 7420535042 Rennes CedexFrance Universidad de Buenos Aires Facultad de IngenierfaGrupo de Medios PorososPaseo Colon 8501063Buenos AiresArgentina

The onset of the movement of particles placed on a horizontal rough surface subject to a vertical sinusoidal vibration is investigated through tracking experiments,theoretical analysis,and numerical simulations. The frequency of vibration needed to move particles decays exponentially with the amplitude of the oscillatory input.This behavior is explained through a simple mechanism in which a forced damped harmonic oscillator with a spring constant represents all the interactions between the particle and the surface.The numerical results compare well with experimental data,demonstrating that the forces included in the numerical calculations suitably account for the main particle response,even though the complexity of the surface is not fully taken into account.describing the way in which frequency varies with amplitude could be relevant to technological applications such as cleaning of material surfaces.

关键词： Vibration Incipient movement Forced oscillator 3D deM simulation

Filling the Gaps to Solve the Extensin Puzzle

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Molecular Plant 2018年第5期11卷 645-658页

作者： Eliana Marzol Cecilia Borassi Mauro Bringas Ana Sede Diana Rosa Rodriguez Garcia Luciana Capece Jose M. Estevez Fundacion Instituto Leloir and Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CO.NICEr) Avenida Patricias Argentinas 435 Buenos AiresCP C1405BWE Argentina departamento de Quimica Inorganica Analitica y Quimica Fisica Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires (INQUIMAE-CONICET)Buenos Aires CP C1428EGA Argentina Instituto de Investigaciones en ingenierfa Genetica y Biologia Molecular Dr. Hector Torres (INGEBI-CONICET) Vuelta de Obligado 2490 Buenos Aires C1428ADNArgentina

Extensins （EXTs） are highly repetitive plant O-glycoproteins that require several post-translational modifi- cations （PTMs） to become functional in plant cell walls. First, they are hydroxylated on contiguous proline residues; then they are O-glycosylated on hydroxyproline and serine. After secretion into the apoplast, O-glycosylated EXTs form a tridimensional network organized by inter- and intra-Tyr linkages. Recent studies have made significant progress in the identification of the enzymatic machinery required to process EXTs, which includes prolyl 4-hydroxylases, glycosyltransferases, papain-type cysteine endopeptidases, and peroxidases. EXTs are abundant in plant tissues and are particularly important in rapidly expanding root hairs and pollen tubes, which grow in a polar manner. Small changes in EXT PTMs affect fastgrowing cells, although the molecular mechanisms underlying this regulation are unknown. In this review, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of EXT modifications throughout the secretory pathway, EXT assembly in cell walls, and possible sensing mechanisms involving the Catharanthus roseus cell surface sensor receptor-like kinases located at the interface between the apoplast and the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana cysteine endopeptidases extensins glycosyltransferases peroxidases prolyl 4-hydroxylases